158:
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401:
718:
412:. There are three mountain ranges —the Nassau Mountains to the north-east, the Lacovia Mountains to the west of the Nassau Mountains, and the Santa Cruz Mountains which, running south, divide the wide plain to end in a precipitous drop of 1,600 feet (490 m) at Lovers' Leap. The central and southern sections form an extensive
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to the north. The karstic zones are known to contain over 130 caves (Jamaica Cave
Register as of 2007 - from Fincham and JCO). These include Mexico Cave and Wallingford River Cave, near Balaclava, which are two associated sections of a major underground river that has its source in south Trelawny, as
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existence in the parish, as well as of 17th-century colonial
Spanish settlements. After 1655, when the English settled on the island, they concentrated on developing large sugar cane plantations with enslaved African workers. Today, buildings with 'Spanish wall' construction (masonry of limestone
514:
can be found here; St
Elizabeth probably has the greatest ethnic mixture in Jamaica. St. Elizabeth provides the best testimony of the Jamaican motto – "Out of many, one people". The Meskito (corrupted to ‘Mosquito’) Indians brought to Jamaica to help capture the
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then goes underground. It reappears briefly in several surrounding towns, but reemerges near
Balaclava and tumbles down gorges to the plain known as the Savannah, through the Great Morass and to the sea at Black River, the capital of the parish.
1174:
is one of the island's largest wetland freshwater ecosystems. Parts of the river can be explored by guided boat trip, where one can experience mangroves, and observe a host of wildlife, including salt water crocodiles, herons, and
523:, mulatto, English, and European inhabitants from the 17th century onwards, with the result that many observers feel that it has more people of mixed-race ancestry than can be found in any other part of the island.
615:. The Alpart alumina refinery was constructed in the 1960s at Nain and produces nearly 2 million tonnes of alumina annually for export. The replacement cost of building the refinery is approximately $ 2 billion.
1229:, one of the nations most reputable newspapers, lists St. Catherine as the largest with an area of 1,260 sq km, St. Ann as the second largest with 1200 sq km, and St. Elizabeth third with 1,185 km² (
865:
The Social
Development Commission's national grid of communities has sixty one communities in St. Elizabeth broken down into 465 districts. The communities which include major towns are:
1225:
The title of largest parish in
Jamaica has caused some confusion. The parishes of St. Catherine, Saint Elizabeth or St. Ann are usually ranked as the largest, depending on the source.
519:, were allowed to settle in southern St. Elizabeth in return for their assistance and given land grants in this parish. This parish has also attracted Dutch, Spanish, Indian,
1340:
439:, and measuring 53.4 kilometres (33.2 mi), it is one of the longest rivers in Jamaica. It is navigable for about 40 kilometres (25 mi), and is supported by many
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is a cliff plunging several hundred metres into the sea, with an attached romantic legend of two young slaves jumping to their death rather than live apart. There is a
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1675:
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St
Elizabeth became a prosperous parish, and Black River an important seaport. In addition to shipping sugar and molasses, Black River became the centre of the
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1429:
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1,212.6 km. The parish is divided into four electoral districts (constituencies), that is North-East, North-West, South-East and South-West.
55:
752:
in the north of the parish, is also a tourist destination. The
Cockpit area was the site of Maroon settlements through much of the 18th century.
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The parish has 12 high schools and 75 primary level institutions as well as 167 early childhood institutions. Notable institutions include:
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St
Elizabeth was the first parish to have electric power, where it was first introduced in a house called Waterloo in Black River in 1893.
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was developed in the 17th century when local landowners planted bamboo on both sides of the road to provide shade during their travels.
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1237:. Accessed 9 April 2009). However, The Jamaica Library Service database ranks St Ann the largest with an area of 1212.6 km² (
546:, Chinese, and East Indians migrated to Saint Elizabeth. There are pockets of ethnic concentrations in the parish, including
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393:. It covers an area of 1,212.4 km, making it Jamaica's second-largest parish, smaller only than
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tourism along the Black and YS rivers, and in the Great Morass, has been developed in recent years.
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well as
Yardley Chase Caves near the foot of Lovers' Leap, and Peru Cave, near Goshen, which has
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including Y.S., Broad, Grass and Horse Savannah. The river has its source in the mountains of
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in the parish, as is tomato canning; a plant is at Bull Savannah. The parish also cultivates
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Saint Elizabeth originally included most of the southwest part of the island, but
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There are other alumina refineries close to the nearby town of Mandeville.
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The geology of the parish is primarily alluvial plains to the south, and
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sand and stone between wooden frames) can still be seen in some areas.
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62: in this article. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1267:. Accessed 9 April 2009), and St. Catherine third with 1192.4 km² (
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where it rises and flows west as the border between Manchester and
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1252:. Accessed 9 April 2009), St. Elizabeth second with 1212.4 km² (
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1367:"Black River Lower Morass | Ramsar Sites Information Service"
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town. The distinct feature of this parish is that numerous
630:, the parish also produces a large quantity of Jamaica's
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divided by the Santa Cruz Mountains. A large part of the
327:. The resulting areas were named after the wife of Sir
408:
The northern and northeastern parts of the parish are
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Since the 1990s, the parish has become a significant
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were exported to Europe to make a blue dye very like
358:, which was popular in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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603:since the 1960s. Port Kaiser, near a town called
323:was taken from it in 1703, and in 1814 a part of
634:; there are two sugar factories in the parish.
1450:
1397:, Horane Smith, Minerva Press (1 June 1999),
734:destination, with most visitors going to the
506:of 148,000 in 2001, 4000 of whom live in the
8:
420:is covered by morass, but it still provides
1457:
1443:
1435:
1395:Lover's Leap: Based on the Jamaican Legend
136:
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
599:The parish has been a major producer of
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237:1,212.4 km (468.1 sq mi)
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494:, which is used to manufacture glass.
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7:
435:The main river in the parish is the
60:adding citations to reliable sources
1098:St. Elizabeth has approximately 44
794:St. Elizabeth Technical High School
554:, notably found in the southeast.
338:There are archeological traces of
25:
1655:
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1320:Statistical Institute of Jamaica
1231:Geography and History of Jamaica
1186:
562:Saint Elizabeth Parish has four
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36:
47:needs additional citations for
1420:Political Geography of Jamaica
1:
584:Saint Elizabeth South Western
580:Saint Elizabeth South Eastern
576:Saint Elizabeth North Western
572:Saint Elizabeth North Eastern
404:Lovers' Leap, Saint Elizabeth
502:The parish had an estimated
311:, the widest on the island.
607:, has a leading deep-water
471:. Mineral deposits include
350:trade. Large quantities of
134:Parish in Cornwall, Jamaica
1736:
769:Bethlehem Moravian College
162:Saint Elizabeth in Jamaica
1650:
1282:. Accessed 9 April 2009).
1145:is a well-known falls in
721:The seven-tiered YS Falls
369:The parish is located at
155:
146:
1637:Saint Thomas in the Vale
1632:Saint Thomas in the East
1303:Jamaica Library Services
1280:Jamaica Library Services
1265:Jamaica Library Services
1250:Jamaica Library Services
1127:Other places of interest
377:77°56'W; to the west of
71:"Saint Elizabeth Parish"
1305:. Accessed 9 April 2009
1297:4 December 2008 at the
1274:4 December 2008 at the
1259:4 December 2008 at the
1244:4 December 2008 at the
774:Black River High School
266:120/km (320/sq mi)
1715:Saint Elizabeth Parish
1316:"Population by Parish"
722:
405:
385:, and to the south of
18:St. Elizabeth, Jamaica
720:
403:
1341:"About Lover's Leap"
526:In the 19th century
331:, the first English
303:, is located at the
283:, is located in the
263: • Density
56:improve this article
1720:Parishes of Jamaica
1687: /
1477:Parishes of Jamaica
1425:Parishes of Jamaica
1235:The Jamaica Gleaner
1113:Yhardly Chase Caves
784:Lacovia High School
682:sweet potatoes and
479:, white limestone,
1662:Jamaica portal
1415:Parish Information
1347:on 21 October 2009
1202:History of Jamaica
1151:Dunn's River Falls
861:Towns and villages
723:
406:
255: • Total
234: • Total
1691:18.050°N 77.783°W
1670:
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1594:Historic Parishes
1164:Bamboo Avenue in
1118:Wallingford Caves
855:Blue Fields Beach
748:, near the rough
381:, to the east of
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242: • Rank
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27:Parish of Jamaica
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885:Ballards Valley
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33:
30:
19:
1672:
1622:Saint George
1584:Saint Thomas
1579:Saint Andrew
1513:Westmoreland
1497:
1394:
1389:Bibliography
1374:. Retrieved
1370:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1345:the original
1335:
1325:16 September
1323:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1302:
1287:
1279:
1264:
1249:
1234:
1226:
1221:
1133:Lover's Leap
1097:
1089:
1039:Roses Valley
1018:Pedro Plains
994:Mountainside
912:Bull Savanna
888:Barbary Hall
864:
834:Calabash Bay
830:Fort Charles
763:
729:
625:
617:
611:for bauxite
598:
561:
525:
501:
454:
434:
407:
383:Westmoreland
368:
360:
345:
340:Taíno/Arawak
337:
335:of Jamaica.
321:Westmoreland
318:
272:
271:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
1694: /
1612:Saint David
1503:Saint James
1227:The Gleaner
1172:Black River
1064:Springfield
991:Morningside
942:Fullerswood
899:Braes River
895:Black River
843:Billy's Bay
821:Fullerswood
688:pastoralism
638:is a major
626:Apart from
622:Agriculture
469:stalagmites
465:stalactites
441:tributaries
437:Black River
410:mountainous
395:Saint Ann's
309:Black River
301:Black River
279:'s largest
198:Other towns
192:Black River
1709:Categories
1627:Saint John
1607:Port Royal
1551:Saint Mary
1536:Manchester
1376:10 October
1351:25 October
1208:References
1143:Y.S. Falls
1137:lighthouse
1085:White Hill
1082:Warminster
1057:Southfield
1052:Santa Cruz
1048:Retirement
948:Giddy Hall
926:Cotterwood
922:Carisbrook
754:Ecological
746:distillery
738:area. The
536:Portuguese
504:population
498:Demography
445:Manchester
379:Manchester
325:Manchester
250:Population
223:Southfield
202:Santa Cruz
82:newspapers
1541:Saint Ann
1531:Clarendon
1239:Saint Ann
1155:Ocho Rios
1139:here too.
1109:Peru Cave
1090:Flagaman
1076:Watchwell
1042:Rose Hall
1036:Rose Hall
1030:Quickstep
1012:Parrottee
988:Merrywood
939:Fairfield
933:Elderslie
881:Balaclava
876:Accompong
839:Great Bay
760:Education
692:Livestock
460:limestone
424:land for
387:St. James
375:longitude
365:Geography
291:, in the
285:southwest
275:, one of
215:Balaclava
1602:Metcalfe
1574:Portland
1569:Kingston
1508:Trelawny
1473:Counties
1295:Archived
1272:Archived
1257:Archived
1242:Archived
1180:See also
1070:Thornton
1067:Top Hill
1045:Russells
1033:Red Bank
1021:Pondside
1000:Mulgrave
979:Maggotty
964:Junction
960:Hopewell
930:Crawford
919:Carlisle
908:Brompton
902:Brinkley
891:Bigwoods
871:Aberdeen
826:Parottee
740:Appleton
694:include
646:such as
640:industry
558:Politics
540:Scottish
477:antimony
449:Trelawny
418:lowlands
391:Trelawny
371:latitude
333:Governor
297:Cornwall
281:parishes
219:Prospect
210:Junction
182:Cornwall
112:May 2009
1682:77°47′W
1679:18°03′N
1493:Hanover
1175:egrets.
1159:St. Ann
1147:Jamaica
1027:Potsdam
1024:Portsea
984:Malvern
968:Lacovia
956:Holland
805:Beaches
732:tourist
726:Tourism
672:tobacco
664:pimento
648:cassava
636:Fishing
601:bauxite
590:Economy
548:Mulatto
544:Germans
532:Spanish
517:Maroons
508:capital
473:bauxite
457:karstic
422:grazing
352:logwood
348:logging
315:History
307:of the
287:of the
277:Jamaica
258:150,993
206:Malvern
188:Capital
172:Jamaica
168:Country
96:scholar
1401:
1106:Mexico
1061:Siloah
1015:Pepper
1009:Newton
1006:Newell
975:Lititz
952:Hodges
945:Goshen
800:Places
712:horses
708:cattle
706:, and
684:coffee
676:tomato
668:ginger
613:export
595:Mining
552:Creole
521:Maroon
489:silica
426:horses
293:county
289:island
178:County
149:Parish
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
1430:Stats
1213:Notes
1100:caves
1094:Caves
972:Leeds
936:Exton
905:Bogue
700:sheep
696:goats
660:beans
644:crops
632:sugar
528:Irish
430:mules
414:plain
305:mouth
103:JSTOR
89:books
1642:Vere
1475:and
1399:ISBN
1378:2022
1353:2009
1327:2015
1122:Nain
1003:Nain
704:hogs
680:rice
656:peas
652:corn
609:pier
582:and
550:and
492:sand
487:and
485:peat
481:clay
467:and
428:and
389:and
229:Area
75:news
1153:in
743:rum
564:MPs
295:of
58:by
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119:(
114:)
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100:·
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20:)
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