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History of Brevard County, Florida

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223: 348: 393:, paralleling the ocean and providing vehicle access to the NAS. It funded the replacement of the three wooden bridges connecting the mainland to the barrier island with concrete ones. The wooden bridges had still accommodated both horses and wagons, and automobiles. The Melbourne-Eau Gallie airport was given $ 5 million in upgrades to become a major regional airport. 308: 262:, a few families moved in and a small, but stable settlement was born. Gradually, as the threat of Seminole Indian attacks became increasingly unlikely, European Americans began to move into the area around the Indian River. In the 1850s a small community developed at Sand Point, which eventually became the city of Titusville. Unlike other areas of Florida, the 478:, near the geographical center of the county. This complex was started in 1989. Residents in the north also threatened secession. Their proposal to form a new county, to be called Playalinda, had some momentum in the early 90s. The county made a few concessions to the people in the northern part of the county, and agreed not to 355:
The advent of the automobile age brought accelerated growth to Brevard County as resorts and hotels were developed all around the county. As the automobile became increasingly important as a means of transportation, roads were built connecting Brevard County to the rest of Florida, and ultimately the
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In the late 1950s, the government opened the Long Range Proving Ground. This later became the Kennedy Space Center. This helped stimulate development in the county; where Brevard had once been considered a "backwoods" area of Florida, it attracted more educated workers and scientists associated with
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In 1895, the first library in Brevard County was established in Cocoa as a community effort undertaken by the women of Cocoa. In 1959, after five libraries had been established in Brevard County, Florida Statute 150 was put into effect to provide public funding to these libraries in recognition that
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from 1854 to 1860. This "Brevard County" contained very little of present-day Brevard County. Most of present-day Brevard north of Melbourne was part of either Volusia or Orange counties. Brevard County in 1856 extended as far west as Polk County and as far south as coastal Dade County. Complicating
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force on September 10–11, 2017. This was largely rectified by September 19. Irma resulted in $ 157 million in damage. Most residents were left without potable water after the storm passed, when electric power failed to maintain the necessary 20 pounds per square inch (140 kPa) pressure to keep
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In 2004, Brevard County ranked 13th out of 318 largest counties in the US for increase in the number of jobs. The county moved from 70 to 31 out of the top 200 metropolitan areas "Best Performing". This improvement was driven mainly by job growth. The 2004 hurricane recovery helped the area achieve
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in 1905. Gradually, the borders of Brevard County were shifted northward while the county got "pinched" eastward. The portions of Brevard County in present-day Broward and Palm Beach counties were given to Dade County, western areas of the county were given to Polk and Osceola County, and parts of
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vied for power in Florida. Their interest in the peninsula was more strategic than for building any real settlements. In contrast to today, where living in Florida means comfort and the "good life" to many people, Florida in the 18th century was seen as a hostile place with dangerous fauna such as
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to shop. Locals were concerned that the construction of malls would draw off business and lead to the disintegration of the Cocoa, Melbourne and Titusville downtowns. This did happen, but the downtown areas have been revived in the 21st century based on their historic assets and pedestrian scale.
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By the 1880s, the cities along the Indian River included Melbourne, Eau Gallie, Titusville, Rockledge, and Cocoa. Unlike cities further inland in Florida, these cities did not have to rely as heavily on roads. The primary way of transversing the county was by water. In 1877 commercial steamboat
178:. Their activity in Brevard County was intermittent and usually not permanent. Between 1650 and 1720 the area that is today Brevard County was very remote and inaccessible to Europeans. As a result of this the only Europeans in this time period to visit what has since become Brevard County and 169:
Heavy mosquito infestation and the threat of Indian attacks kept the area from having any permanent white settlements. The Spanish quickly left the area, but left a deadly reminder of their visit: European diseases. In 1763, the Spanish took the last 80 natives to Cuba. By that time, almost the
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But from the 1940s to the 1970s, the state assumed control of burning in order to prevent uncontrolled fires. It also developed a policy of controlled burns based on more understanding of fire's role in the state's environment. In 2006, the state burned a record 72,065 acres (291.64 km;
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in 1946 from their teaching positions as economic blackmail against them because of their activism. On Christmas night, 1951, a bomb exploded under their home, fatally injuring both of them. The murders were racially motivated and believed committed by members of the
119:." These people were primarily fishermen, as opposed to the hunting and gathering way of life which characterized the Paleoindians. It is believed that these were the ancestors of the Native Americans who would come in contact with the Europeans when they arrived. 199:
venomous snakes, alligators and panthers. Death by malaria was a possibility and death at the hands of angry Indians seemed even more likely. After being under Spanish, French, British, and then Spanish rule again, Florida finally became a United States territory.
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112.602 sq mi) in the county. Because of Florida's dry winters and lush vegetation, the fire threat is always high. Only California surpassed Florida in the number of fires fought by the state Forest Service, and none set so many controlled fires.
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In 2016, the population was 561,716. There were 470,993 licensed drivers, 164,663 registered Republicans, 127,430 registered Democrats, 101,721 independents. There were 5,299 births, 6,693 deaths, 255,465 in the civilian labor force, and 12,981 unemployed.
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In 1966, the population was 200,700. There were 73,624 licensed drivers, 16,612 registered Republicans, 49,261 registered Democrats, 1,545 independents. There were 4,291 births, 1,018 deaths, 94,500 in the civilian labor force, and 1,800 unemployed.
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were unconstitutional, he conducted voter registration drives and succeeded in registering 31% of black voters in Florida, a higher percentage than in any other southern state. The white establishment resisted, firing both him and his wife
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Volusia and Orange Counties were given to Brevard including the eventual county seat of Titusville. Later, the southern portion of the county was cut off to form St. Lucie County, which in turn spawned Martin and Indian River County.
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the discussion of Brevard County in the 19th century is that the boundaries have shifted such that the southernmost parts of present-day Brevard, were originally the northernmost parts. The original county seat was located at
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While the county was technically habitable, it was overrun by mosquitoes much of the year in the wet areas covering a great portion of its territory. Mosquitoes were controlled in 1950 by widespread use of the insecticide,
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were pirates, the vast and overwhelming majority of whom were British. Spanish ships laden with gold would travel via the gulf stream, and British pirates would hide in the then-remote waters off of the coast of Florida.
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was dispatched from St. Augustine to the Indian River area on a diplomatic mission to the Ais Indian Nation. He helped establish a "Period of Friendship" with the Ais Caciques(Chiefs) and made a color map of the area.
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today. The area which today is Brevard County was probably not coastal at this period in time. The coast of Florida was about 100 miles (160 km) wider and the Indian River was simply a lower point on dry land.
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After a few thousand years, perhaps by around 3000 B.C. peninsular Florida resembled the land of today; in shape, climate, fauna, and flora. The ocean had risen enough to flood the Indian River with salt water.
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rest of the nation. Ferries provided the first connections across the rivers, and were replaced by wooden bridges in the early 20th century. They had gates to allow the passage of boats through the waterways.
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During the summer of 1998, some of the worst brush fires on record broke out and could not be controlled.70,000 acres (280 km; 110 sq mi) were burned. Prior to property managers instituting
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arrived in the area near Brevard county between 12,000 and 10,000 years ago. The Paleoindians were semi-nomadic people who lived in smaller groups. At that time, the earth was warming from its most recent
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As the county was long, people in the southern, more populous side of the county complained about being so distant from the county seat. The county seat of Titusville was 50 miles (80 km) from
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In 2004, Brevard had its best October and November tourism season until then, despite widespread hurricane damage and the loss of five beachside hotels. Four of these hotels were restored by 2006.
621: 389:). This military installation was the first of major federal investment in projects to aid the development of Brevard County. The federal government also funded construction of what is now 1147: 1521: 764: 1459: 396:
In 1941, wartime forced blackouts along the coast. Submarines were using lights from shore to outline targeted ships. Residents found it awkward driving at night without headlights!
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in 1972 through a public vote establishing a Library Tax District. As the area's population grew, the number of libraries in the county nearly doubled in the following 50 years.
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According to a local legend, French survivors from Jean Ribault's expedition built a fort in the area with timbers from the wreckage of the flagship of Ribault's fleet, the
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in 1570 when he was shipwrecked off of Cape Canaveral. He faced hostile natives but through the use of a bluff was able to escape from them and get back to St. Augustine.
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Beginning in the 1960s, new bridges constructed across the waterways were designed as high-rise steel, designed to be high enough to allow passage of boats underneath.
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they would serve all residents in Brevard County. In the 1960s, the number of libraries in the county increased to 9. Further funding was secured for the
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the program. What had once been a primarily low-tech farmer/fisherman economy was transformed into a high-tech engineering and computer economy.
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into the area. The railroad reached Titusville in 1886 and Melbourne in 1894. With the railroad came increased settlement and the first tourists.
1139: 887: 754: 206:, Fort Ann was established on the eastern shore of the Indian River on a narrow strip of land on Merritt Island. During the construction of the 1513: 849: 822: 797: 233:
During the 19th century, the state of Florida was constantly changing the names and borders of counties. St. Lucie County was split off from
1451: 696: 363:. People flooded into the state of Florida, both tourists from northern winters and new full-time residents, and land prices soared. The 1297: 1332: 957: 536:
out potential contaminants, plus water main breaks, and stress on the system from the extra water from subsequent heavy rainfall.
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The first permanent settlement in present-day Brevard was established near Cape Canaveral in 1848. After the establishment of a
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and his militiamen encamped near present-day Mims. These settlements were short lived and were abandoned shortly thereafter.
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The Milken Institute ranked Brevard number one, out of 200 largest metropolitan areas, in overall job growth for 2005.
47:. The geographic boundaries of the county have changed significantly since its founding. The county is named for Judge 1096: 328: 203: 158: 174:
from the north quickly swept down from Georgia and the Carolinas to fill the void. These Indians became known as the
1228: 259: 250:, an early name for present day Fort Pierce. Later the southern part of Brevard split off to form a new county, 386: 378:
in Eau Gallie. This was the last person lynched in the county. The perpetrators were never brought to justice.
234: 568:, and hurricane damage. Unless a cure can be found for greening, the outlook is dim for improved production. 1041: 565: 482:
move the county seat. Since construction of the new center, Viera has been for all intents and purposes the
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Orange production dropped 87% from the 2008–9 season to the 2016–7 season. The decline was mostly due to
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landed on the shores near Melbourne Beach in 1513. There were about 10,000 of these natives in the area.
577: 286: 270: 423:. After the war he became president of the state NAACP. After the Supreme Court had ruled in 1944 that 136: 883: 407:
conditions, but beginning to organize to restore their constitutional rights. Beginning in the 1930s,
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had little effect on Brevard County, other than perhaps to slow the movement of settlers to the area.
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As in the rest of the state and most of the South, African Americans in the county were largely
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In 2017, nearly all county residents were left without power as the result of the effect of
445: 364: 251: 1399: 1103: 491: 429: 424: 17: 222: 1336: 532: 528: 475: 408: 68: 44: 103:. The climate of the area then was very different from now; it was similar to that of 1573: 1363: 1259: 983: 927:"History of our Library System | Brevard Library Foundation | Brevard County Florida" 759: 723: 324: 191: 171: 104: 584:
List of members of the Florida House of Representatives from Brevard County, Florida
434: 412: 368: 162: 95: 934: 371:, the largest industries in Brevard were commercial fishing, citrus, and tourism. 1071: 656: 557:
In 1966, the county produced 2,880,000 boxes of oranges; in 2016, 382,000 boxes.
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New residents in the 1960s found local retailing unappealing and drove to nearby
1200: 1042:"From Mosquito Clouds to War Clouds: The Rise of Naval Air Station Banana River" 494:, the county forests and pastures had burned for months during the dry season. 360: 60: 226:
Boundaries of Brevard County in 1855, when it was renamed from St. Lucie County
151: 128: 1097:"Crist Announces Results of Harry T. Moore Murder Investigation", 16 Aug 2006 524:, which passed east of Brevard in 2016, caused about $ 38 million in damage. 1389: 1307: 1287: 347: 67:
since 1894, although most of the county's administration is performed from
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can be traced to the prehistory of native cultures living in the area from
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Berman, Dave (March 20, 2016). "Some issues remain half century later".
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in 1844. St. Lucie County was renamed Brevard County in 1855 after
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The first real boom to the area occurred with the extension of
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The first major land boom began in the 1920s after the end of
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were the dominant tribes in the area when it is thought that
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About this time, a new group of settlers appeared known as "
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temporarily stopped growth in Florida. Before the start of
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entire precolumbian population of Florida had died out.
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Throughout the 18th century, the great European powers
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In 1845, Florida became the 27th state of the Union.
817:. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 45. 1072:"Freedom Never Dies: The Legacy of Harry T. Moore" 1263:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 6A. Archived from 984:"Florida Frontiers "The Lynching of James Clark"" 316:transportation became a reality as the steamboat 1040:Governor Spessard L. Holland (April 11, 1942). 693:"Brevard County History - A Brief Introduction" 146:which wrecked on the shores of Cape Canaveral. 90:Crane Creek (Melbourne, Florida) § History 1406:, University of Arizona Press, 2016, pp. 15-19 719:"Naming barrier island would honor state find" 8: 687: 685: 683: 681: 679: 677: 675: 673: 1414: 1412: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1112: 655:. Flbrevard.com. 1935-06-01. Archived from 748: 746: 1421:"Brevard has $ 157M in structural damage" 908: 906: 904: 1551:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A, 10A. 755:"Guest columnist: A people lost in time" 695:. Brevard County Historical Commission. 627:. Brevard County Historical Commission. 281:. In 1874, the county seat was moved to 221: 1359:"Despite burns, fire threat still high" 1229:"An Idea Whose Time Has Come Yet Again" 1150:from the original on September 24, 2015 1017:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A, 5A. 594: 269:In 1864, the county seat was moved to 1524:from the original on November 9, 2018 1493:from the original on October 12, 2018 1481:McCarthy, John (September 24, 2017). 1431:from the original on October 12, 2018 1335:. Firehistory.asu.edu. Archived from 1181:from the original on October 12, 2018 1052:from the original on December 2, 2020 1046:Local Response: Blackout Restrictions 1021:from the original on October 13, 2018 990:from the original on 19 December 2018 964:from the original on 19 December 2018 285:. Then in 1875 the seat was moved to 7: 1177:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 13A. 1169:Bayley, Barbara (November 8, 2014). 1138:Brotermarkle, Ben (March 11, 2014). 956:Scruggs, David C (15 January 1989). 419:, and founder of the Brevard County 311:Boathouse, Titusville, Florida 1885. 1555:from the original on March 27, 2019 1520:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A. 1489:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A. 1462:from the original on April 22, 2021 1458:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 3A. 1452:"Just over 1,000 now without power" 1450:Gallop, J.D. (September 19, 2017). 1427:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 3A. 1367:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A. 1171:"New Englander is now 'so Brevard'" 1146:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 9A. 763:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A. 731:from the original on April 26, 2011 727:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 1A. 1580:History of Brevard County, Florida 1543:Berman, Dave (November 12, 2017). 1078:from the original on 28 March 2023 914:History of Brevard County Volume 1 815:Survey of Indian River Archaeology 792:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 13. 25: 1545:"Citrus growers feel the squeeze" 1140:"Mosquito Beaters swarm to unite" 1009:Brotemarkle, Ben (May 17, 2016). 767:from the original on May 17, 2014 622:"Historic Brevard Landmark guide" 351:Crane Creek, Melbourne circa 1900 39:is a county in the U.S. state of 1585:Histories of counties in Florida 1419:Berman, Dave (October 6, 2017). 1371:from the original on 17 May 2014 1127:. Melbourne, Florida. p. 3. 931:www.brevardlibraryfoundation.org 753:Barile, Diane (April 30, 2011). 717:Moody, Norman (April 21, 2011). 1512:Waymer, Jim (October 7, 2017). 1314:from the original on 2021-08-10 1292:. University of Arizona Press. 1235:from the original on 2012-09-30 1207:from the original on 2014-06-12 890:from the original on 2022-12-24 886:. University of South Florida. 858:from the original on 2023-04-11 699:from the original on 2023-01-21 634:from the original on 2022-12-18 531:, which struck the county with 374:In 1926, ten white men lynched 296:erupted due to resentment over 383:Naval Air Station Banana River 381:In 1940, the government built 123:From Spanish rule to statehood 1: 1357:Waymer, Jim (14 March 2011). 925:Foundation, Brevard Library. 337:Brevard County Library System 150:gave an early account of the 1253:Waymer, Jim (2 March 2011). 465:Windover Archaeological Site 86:Windover Archaeological Site 329:Florida East Coast Railroad 239:Theodore Washington Brevard 55:, and was originally named 1601: 580:of Installs and Open dates 300:, a boundary dispute with 277:on the southeast shore of 83: 1286:PYNE, STEPHEN J. (2016). 320:was brought to the area. 59:until 1855. The official 43:, along the coast of the 29:History of Brevard County 18:St. Lucia County, Florida 1255:"Danger seen in advance" 1231:. The Orlando Sentinel. 486:seat of Brevard County. 387:Patrick Space Force Base 304:, and cattle taxation. 212:General Joseph Hernandez 148:Pedro MenĂ©ndez de AvilĂ©s 51:, an early settler, and 566:citrus greening disease 343:20th century to present 273:, an area presently in 1392:Florida: A Fire Survey 1048:. Palm Beach History. 813:Rouse, Irving (1981). 391:Florida State Road A1A 352: 312: 227: 208:Hernández–Capron Trail 1106:, accessed 6 May 2008 912:Shofner, Jerrell H., 884:"Brevard County Maps" 838:Osborne, Ray (2008). 786:Osborne, Ray (2008). 517:Effects of hurricanes 350: 310: 225: 84:Further information: 63:has been located in 35:to the present age. 937:on 30 November 2016 243:Florida Comptroller 180:Indian River County 49:Theodore W. Brevard 33:pre-Columbian times 1483:"Matthew vs. Irma" 1398:2018-10-13 at the 1390:Stephen J. Pyne, 1321:– via JSTOR. 1102:2007-01-06 at the 353: 313: 294:Barber–Mizell feud 264:American Civil War 228: 117:the archaic people 1404:To the Last Smoke 851:978-0-7385-5327-6 824:978-0-404-15668-8 799:978-0-7385-5327-6 522:Hurricane Matthew 507:high employment. 403:and oppressed by 279:Lake Tohopekaliga 218:Statehood to 1900 53:state comptroller 16:(Redirected from 1592: 1565: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1447: 1441: 1440: 1438: 1436: 1416: 1407: 1387: 1381: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1354: 1348: 1347: 1345: 1344: 1329: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1319: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1274: 1272: 1250: 1244: 1243: 1241: 1240: 1225: 1216: 1215: 1213: 1212: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1188: 1186: 1166: 1160: 1159: 1157: 1155: 1135: 1129: 1128: 1120: 1107: 1094: 1088: 1087: 1085: 1083: 1068: 1062: 1061: 1059: 1057: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1028: 1026: 1006: 1000: 999: 997: 995: 980: 974: 973: 971: 969: 953: 947: 946: 944: 942: 933:. 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Index

St. Lucia County, Florida
pre-Columbian times
Brevard County
Florida
Atlantic Ocean
Theodore W. Brevard
state comptroller
county seat
Titusville
Viera
Windover Archaeological Site
Crane Creek (Melbourne, Florida) § History
Paleoindians
ice age
Great Britain
the archaic people
Ais
Jaega
Ponce De Leon
Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
Ais people
1605
Alvero Mexia
Creek Indians
Seminole
Indian River County
Spain
Great Britain
France
1837

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