821:. Committees act, in effect, as "little legislatures", monitoring ongoing governmental operations, identifying issues suitable for legislative review, gathering and evaluating information, and recommending courses of action to their parent body in matters relating to their jurisdiction. Senate rules give committees significant gatekeeping authority over legislation that falls under their jurisdiction, with proposed bills submitted to the relevant committee, which can hold hearings, "mark up" bills, consolidate bills into a "clean bill", or ignore the bill altogether (there exist some workarounds for Senators to circumvent committees, but in general Senators work through the committee system).
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777:; each senator responds when their name is called. Senators who miss the roll call may still cast a vote as long as the recorded vote remains open. The vote is closed at the discretion of the presiding officer but must remain open for a minimum of fifteen minutes. If the vote is tied, the Vice President, if present, is entitled to a
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limited by the rules; thus, in most cases, senators may speak for as long as they please. Often, the Senate adopts unanimous consent agreements imposing time limits. In other cases (for example, for the budget process), limits are imposed by statute. In general, however, the right to unlimited debate is preserved.
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Paragraph 6 of rule XXXI specifies that if final action has not been taken before
Congress adjourns, the nomination is returned to the President. By the same rule, nominations are returned when the Senate goes into recess for more than 30 days. However, in modern practice, some nominations may stay
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by limiting debate to twenty hours. Congress can pass up to three reconciliation bills per year, with each bill addressing one of the topics of reconciliation (revenue, spending, or the debt limit). However, if
Congress passes a reconciliation bill affecting more than one of those topics, it cannot
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A public hearing by the committee is possible. Historically, about half of civilian appointees were approved without a hearing. After consideration, the committee can report a favorable recommendation, an unfavorable recommendation, or report no recommendation. It can also fail to act. To simplify
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The Senate Rules provide that no senator may make more than two speeches on a motion or bill on the same legislative day (a legislative day begins when the Senate convenes and ends when it adjourns; hence, it does not necessarily coincide with the calendar day). The length of these speeches is not
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are accorded priority during debates, even if another senator rises first. All speeches must be addressed to the
Presiding Officer, using the words "Mr. President" or "Madam President". Only the Presiding Officer may be directly addressed in speeches; other members must be referred to in the third
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On occasion, the Senate may go into what is called a secret or closed session. During a closed session, the chamber doors are closed and the galleries are completely cleared of anyone not sworn to secrecy, not instructed in the rules of the closed session, or not essential to the session. Closed
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is an obstructionary tactic used to defeat bills and motions by prolonging debate indefinitely. A filibuster may entail, but does not actually require, long speeches, dilatory motions, and an extensive series of proposed amendments. The longest filibuster speech in the history of the Senate was
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of the Senate and notes which members are present. In practice, senators almost always request quorum calls not to establish the presence of a quorum, but to temporarily delay proceedings without having to adjourn the session. Such a delay may serve one of many purposes; often, it allows Senate
769:; the presiding officer puts the question, and Members respond either "Aye!" (in favor of the motion) or "No!" (against the motion). The presiding officer then announces the result of the voice vote. Any senator, however, may challenge the presiding officer's assessment and request a
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presides). During debates, senators may speak only if called upon by the
Presiding Officer. The Presiding Officer is, however, required to recognize the first senator who rises to speak. Thus, the Presiding Officer has little control over the course of debate. Customarily, the
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leaders to negotiate compromises off the floor or to allow senators time to come to the Senate floor to make speeches without having to constantly be present in the chamber while waiting for the opportunity. Once the need for a delay has ended, any senator may request
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pass another reconciliation bill later in the year affecting one of the topics addressed by the previous reconciliation bill. In practice, reconciliation bills have usually been passed once per year at most. Reconciliation cannot be used to enact or rescind
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773:. The request may be granted only if it is seconded by one-fifth of the senators present. In practice, however, senators second requests for recorded votes as a matter of courtesy. When a recorded vote is held, the clerk calls the roll of the Senate in
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There are currently forty-five rules, with the latest revision adopted on
January 24, 2013. The most recent addition of a new rule occurred in 2006, when The Legislative Transparency and Accountability Act of 2006 introduced a 44th rule on
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For most positions, the nomination is passed first to a Senate committee for review. Generally, it is the Senate committee with jurisdiction over the topic or department related to the position to be filled.
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sessions during recess or agrees to suspend the rule by unanimous consent. When a nomination is returned without action, the president may nominate a different person or re-nominate the same person.
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703:. In most cases, cloture requires the support of three-fifths of the Senate. Cloture is invoked very rarely, particularly because bipartisan support is usually necessary to obtain the required
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for a vote in executive session. Some nominations are passed by unanimous consent. The leadership may delay putting a nomination on the calendar, and it may not then be acted upon.
707:. If the Senate does invoke cloture, debate does not end immediately; instead, further debate is limited to thirty additional hours unless increased by another three-fifths vote.
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person. In most cases, senators refer to each other not by name, but by state, using forms such as "the senior senator from
Virginia" or "the junior senator from California".
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negotiations before each new
Congress, with the percentage of a party's representation within the Senate determining the percentage of seats it will have on each committee.
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in the United States are appointed by the president but require Senate approval. Senate rule XXXI governs the Senate process for considering the president's nominations.
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sessions are rare and are usually held only under certain circumstances in which the Senate is discussing sensitive subject matter, such as information critical to
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legislation as the Senate rules state that "the reading of the
Journal shall not be suspended unless by unanimous consent". When the
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explicitly demonstrates otherwise. Any senator may request a quorum call by "suggesting the absence of a quorum"; a clerk then
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813:, and occasionally temporary committees. Senate rules establish the policy jurisdictions of each committee; for example, the
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The size of each standing committee is established by Senate rules. The makeup of committees are established through inter-
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to do business. Under the rules and customs of the Senate, a quorum is always assumed to be present unless a
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863:, which allows senators to block provisions that are "extraneous" to spending, revenues, or the debt limit.
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SR Rule XVII: Reference to
Committees; Motions to Discharge; Reports of Committees; and Hearings Available
852:
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There are very few restrictions on the content of speeches, and there is no requirement that speeches be
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When debate concludes, the motion in question is put to a vote. In many cases, the Senate votes by
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695:, who spoke for over twenty-four hours in an unsuccessful attempt to block the passage of the
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1279:"Committee Assignment Process in the U.S. Senate: Democratic and Republican Party Procedures"
1123:
113TH CONGRESS : 1ST SESSION S. RES. 16 : Amending the
Standing Rules of the Senate
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1350:"The Filibuster and Reconciliation: The Future of Majoritarian Lawmaking in the U.S. Senate"
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Theodore J., Lowi; Ginsberg, Benjamin; Shepsle, Kenneth A.; Ansolabehere, Stephen (2011).
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781:. If the Vice President is not present, however, the motion is resolved in the negative.
757:. Any Senator has the right to call a closed session as long as the motion is seconded.
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can discharge a nomination from the committee without the committee having acted.
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is governed under a special rules process called "Reconciliation" that prohibits
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Senate Consideration of Presidential Nominations: Committee and Floor Procedure
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SR Rule XXXII: The President Furnished with Copies of Record Executive Sessions
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that govern its procedure. The Senate's power to establish rules derives from
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It is then up to the leadership of the Senate to place the nomination on the
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855:(which is controlled through the annual appropriations process) or adjust
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SR Rule XVI: Appropriations and Amendments to General Appropriation Bills
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727:
700:
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606:
The Constitution provides that a majority of the Senate constitutes a
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SR Rule XI: Papers – Withdrawal, Printing, Reading of, and Reference
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First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln
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SR Rule II: Presentation of Credentials and Questions of Privilege
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The latest change was the introduction in 2006 of a 44th rule on
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1511:, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, November 4, 2013 (PDF format)
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the process, with the support of the committee, the Senate by
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Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States
1448:
Return of Nominations to the President under Senate Rule XXXI
927:
There are currently forty-four Standing Rules of the Senate:
1040:
SR Rule XXXI: Executive Session – Proceedings on Nominations
155:
726:
started discussing the Senate Journal and was unable to be
1475:
United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration
1450:(Report). Congressional Research Service. January 29, 2021
1068:
SR Rule XXXVIII: Prohibition of Unofficial Office Accounts
2410:
Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media
985:
SR Rule XVIII: Business Continued from Session to Session
1037:
SR Rule XXX: Executive Session – Proceedings on Treaties
577:: "Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings
1428:(Report). Congressional Research Service. May 13, 2021
973:
SR Rule XIV: Joint Resolutions, and Preambles Thereto
3540:
List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex
946:
SR Rule VI: Quorum – Absent Senators May Be Sent For
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1147:Caro, Robert (2002). "3. Seniority and the South".
64:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
842:Legislation affecting spending, revenues, and the
1315:Kogan, Richard; Reich, David (January 21, 2021).
1150:Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson
1081:SR Rule XLI: Political Fund Activity; Definitions
3659:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door
3226:Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations
1136:https://www.rules.senate.gov/rules-of-the-senate
943:SR Rule V: Suspension and Amendment of the Rules
931:SR Rule I: Appointment of a Senator to the Chair
753:, or discussions of Senate deliberations during
1125:, January 24 (legislative day, January 3), 2013
1104:Legislative Transparency and Accountability Act
722:was discussed in 1922, the Mississippi Senator
915:active over long recesses if the Senate holds
801:Tasks in the Senate are divided among sixteen
699:. The Senate may end a filibuster by invoking
1530:
534:
8:
1239:
1237:
73:"Standing Rules of the United States Senate"
3687:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
1504:Official text, Standing Rules of the Senate
1399:"The Senate Has Become a Dadaist Nightmare"
3902:Standing Rules of the United States Senate
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1940:
1616:
1609:
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1053:SR Rule XXXIV: Public Financial Disclosure
940:SR Rule IV: Commencement of Daily Sessions
541:
527:
135:
1317:"Introduction to Budget "Reconciliation""
589:. The stricter rules are often waived by
124:Learn how and when to remove this message
3873:United States Capitol cornerstone laying
1087:SR Rule XLIII: Representation by Members
2640:Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule)
1115:
1009:SR Rule XXIV: Appointments of Committee
880:Advice and consent § United States
838:Reconciliation (United States Congress)
797:List of United States Senate committees
463:
295:
173:
147:
2117:Caucuses of the United States Congress
1322:Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
1310:
1308:
1306:
1214:American Government: Power and Purpose
976:SR Rule XV: Amendments and Resolutions
730:until the sponsors withdrew the Bill.
682:Filibuster in the United States Senate
160:Great Seal of the United States Senate
1348:Jacobi, Tonja; Van Dam, Jeff (2013),
1329:from the original on February 1, 2021
1291:from the original on January 28, 2021
1259:from the original on January 28, 2021
1193:from the original on January 20, 2021
1006:SR Rule XXIII: Privilege of the Floor
791:United States congressional committee
7:
1065:SR Rule XXXVII: Conflict of Interest
456:Vice presidential tie-breaking votes
62:adding citations to reliable sources
1748:Expelled, censured, and reprimanded
1003:SR Rule XXII: Precedence of Motions
817:deals with all matters relating to
631:The Senate is presided over by the
168:History of the United States Senate
1084:SR Rule XLII: Employment Practices
866:Reconciliation was created by the
749:, private communications from the
25:
3631:Progress of Civilization Pediment
3485:Congressional Pictorial Directory
2338:By length of service historically
1179:"Committees of the U.S. Congress"
1092:Congressionally Directed Spending
1018:SR Rule XXVI: Committee Procedure
668:to the matter before the Senate.
3499:Official Congressional Directory
3118:Gov. Accountability Office (GAO)
1078:and Radio and Television Studios
868:Congressional Budget Act of 1974
859:spending, and is limited by the
38:
3308:Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper
2155:Arab and Middle Eastern members
2052:Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group
1587:Lists of United States Congress
994:SR Rule XX: Questions for Order
955:SR Rule VIII: Order of Business
49:needs additional citations for
3410:Congressional Research Service
3157:Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR)
2160:Asian Pacific American members
1284:Congressional Research Service
1021:SR Rule XXVII: Committee Staff
815:Committee on Foreign Relations
1:
3645:Surrender of General Burgoyne
3002:Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819)
2165:Asian Pacific American Caucus
1758:Lost re-election in a primary
1071:SR Rule XXXIX: Foreign Travel
970:SR Rule XIII: Reconsideration
967:SR Rule XII: Voting Procedure
714:was often used as a means to
3652:Surrender of Lord Cornwallis
3595:The Apotheosis of Washington
3329:Chief Administrative Officer
3167:Gov. Publishing Office (GPO)
1509:Standing Rules of the Senate
1050:– Senate Wing of the Capitol
623:to rescind the quorum call.
555:Standing Rules of the Senate
241:United States Vice President
18:Standing Rules of the Senate
3817:Health and Fitness Facility
3609:Declaration of Independence
2378:Killed or wounded in office
2199:Congressional Jewish Caucus
2172:Hispanic and Latino members
3928:
3231:Interparliamentary Affairs
3152:Congr. Budget Office (CBO)
2788:Riddick's Senate Procedure
2215:Gender and sexual identity
877:
835:
794:
788:
737:
679:
575:United States Constitution
3837:Old Supreme Court Chamber
3550:Congressional Prayer Room
3099:
3081:
2997:Congress Hall (1790–1800)
2948:
2415:
2404:
2343:Current members by wealth
1768:Elected but did not serve
1608:
1595:
1552:
1218:W.W. Norton & Company
999:Session with Closed Doors
961:SR Rule X: Special Orders
885:Selected public positions
3130:Architect of the Capitol
2992:Federal Hall (1789–1790)
2133:African-American members
1557:House of Representatives
1028:; Reports; Open Meetings
697:Civil Rights Act of 1957
559:parliamentary procedures
277:the United States Senate
139:This article is part of
29:Parliamentary procedures
3907:Parliamentary procedure
3680:Washington at Princeton
3624:Apotheosis of Democracy
3044:Congressional Quarterly
2733:Executive communication
2723:Blue slip (U.S. Senate)
2680:Suspension of the rules
2206:Native American members
1632:By shortness of service
720:Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill
637:President of the Senate
493:Senate office buildings
3847:Webster Page Residence
3822:House Recording Studio
3666:Revolutionary War Door
3427:Register of Copyrights
3008:Biographical Directory
2477:"Necessary and Proper"
2017:Policy Committee Chair
1995:Policy Committee Chair
1546:United States Congress
853:discretionary spending
647:(in special cases the
296:Politics and procedure
161:
3172:Technology Assessment
2593:Dear Colleague letter
2588:Continuing resolution
2583:Concurrent resolution
2062:Republican Conference
2002:Republican Conference
1963:President pro tempore
1695:Born outside the U.S.
1470:"Rules Of The Senate"
1061:Outside Earned Income
1026:Conference Committees
811:four joint committees
645:President pro tempore
487:Senate Reception Room
472:United States Capitol
288:Republican Conference
251:President pro tempore
159:
3912:United States Senate
3736:Mountains and Clouds
3492:Congressional Record
3349:Floor Services Chief
3236:Law Revision Counsel
2987:Continental Congress
2482:Power of enforcement
2445:Contempt of Congress
2348:From multiple states
2301:Mormon (LDS) members
2109:Congressional caucus
1753:Served a single term
1685:Expelled or censured
1627:By length of service
1480:United States Senate
1397:(February 4, 2021).
1366:10.2139/ssrn.2221712
1287:. November 3, 2006.
1253:United States Senate
958:SR Rule IX: Messages
643:) or more often the
567:Article One, Section
563:United States Senate
149:United States Senate
58:improve this article
3760:Building Commission
3241:Legislative Counsel
3162:Library of Congress
3123:Comptroller General
3113:Congressional staff
2798:Senatorial courtesy
2187:Hispanic Conference
1602:Members and leaders
1354:UC Davis Law Review
1245:"Senate Committees"
1187:Library of Congress
1056:SR Rule XXXV: Gifts
1014:Standing Committees
803:standing committees
427:Senatorial courtesy
275:Party leadership of
233:Women in the Senate
3832:Old Senate Chamber
3698:VP Bust Collection
3522:United States Code
3454:Jefferson Building
3147:Cap. Guide Service
3014:Divided government
2931:Seal of the Senate
2895:Select and special
2860:Discharge petition
2813:Tie-breaking votes
2778:Recess appointment
2718:Advice and consent
2598:Discharge petition
2541:Appropriation bill
2450:Declaration of war
1642:Non-voting members
1404:The New York Times
1076:Franking Privilege
1033:Executive Sessions
937:SR Rule III: Oaths
844:federal debt limit
775:alphabetical order
755:impeachment trials
482:Old Senate Chamber
377:Recess appointment
304:Advice and consent
162:
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3885:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3798:
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3602:Statue of Freedom
3566:Statue of Freedom
3545:Brumidi Corridors
3517:Statutes at Large
3471:Publishing Office
3394:
3393:
3254:
3253:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3027:
3026:
2975:election disputes
2963:speaker elections
2926:Mace of the House
2773:Presiding Officer
2738:Executive session
2685:Unanimous consent
2645:Multiple referral
2630:Lame-duck session
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2326:
2325:
2126:Ethnic and racial
2070:
2069:
2057:Democratic Caucus
1980:Democratic Caucus
1932:
1931:
1227:978-0-393-11822-3
1094:and Related Items
897:unanimous consent
807:select committees
747:national security
633:Presiding Officer
621:unanimous consent
591:unanimous consent
551:
550:
448:Unanimous consent
348:Executive session
283:Democratic Caucus
261:Presiding officer
134:
133:
126:
108:
16:(Redirected from
3919:
3715:
3532:Capitol Building
3506:U.S. Gov. Manual
3459:Madison Building
3422:Copyright Office
3386:Sergeant at Arms
3344:Floor Operations
3263:
3185:
3101:
3083:
2946:
2763:Morning business
2650:House procedures
2613:Joint resolution
2417:
2406:
2286:Buddhist members
2105:
1941:
1763:Switched parties
1710:Switched parties
1647:Unseated members
1637:Youngest members
1617:
1610:
1597:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1516:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1422:
1409:
1408:
1391:
1385:
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1345:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1312:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1046:SR Rule XXXIII:
1024:SR Rule XXVIII:
951:Morning Business
597:Outline of rules
580:
570:
543:
536:
529:
353:Morning business
136:
129:
122:
118:
115:
109:
107:
66:
42:
34:
21:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3877:
3856:
3804:
3794:
3748:
3709:
3702:
3579:Hall of Columns
3526:
3470:
3463:
3401:
3390:
3371:Parliamentarian
3312:
3303:Parliamentarian
3250:
3209:
3176:
3105:
3095:
3088:Capitol Complex
3069:
3023:
3019:Party divisions
2935:
2909:
2827:
2711:Senate-specific
2706:
2561:Closed sessions
2529:Act of Congress
2517:
2491:
2487:Taxing/spending
2411:
2392:
2383:Party switchers
2352:Died in office
2322:
2274:
2258:
2227:Equality Caucus
2210:
2182:Hispanic Caucus
2121:
2096:
2066:
2023:
1928:
1772:
1714:
1651:
1604:
1591:
1548:
1543:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1484:
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1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
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1446:
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1412:
1393:
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1388:
1347:
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1342:
1332:
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1314:
1313:
1304:
1294:
1292:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1260:
1243:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1220:. p. 194.
1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1155:Alfred A. Knopf
1146:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1059:SR Rule XXXVI:
925:
923:Rules by number
912:
904:Senate calendar
882:
876:
857:Social Security
840:
834:
799:
793:
787:
763:
742:
736:
684:
678:
658:minority leader
654:majority leader
629:
604:
599:
578:
568:
561:adopted by the
547:
516:
515:
452:
436:
420:
399:
373:
357:
341:
279:
276:
265:
237:
229:
228:
211:Hill committees
201:
200:
183:Current members
130:
119:
113:
110:
67:
65:
55:
43:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3925:
3923:
3915:
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3894:
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3882:
3879:
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3864:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3827:Senate chamber
3824:
3819:
3814:
3812:Botanic Garden
3808:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3765:office lottery
3762:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3712:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3673:Columbus Doors
3669:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3605:
3598:
3591:
3589:Visitor Center
3586:
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3576:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
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3528:
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3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3479:Public Printer
3475:
3473:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3449:Adams Building
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3406:
3404:
3396:
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3305:
3300:
3295:
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3269:
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3260:
3256:
3255:
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3251:
3249:
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3233:
3228:
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3208:
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3197:
3191:
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3159:
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3097:
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3086:
3079:
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3075:
3074:
3071:
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3068:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2970:Senate history
2967:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2917:
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2911:
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2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2845:ranking member
2837:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2808:Standing Rules
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2783:Reconciliation
2780:
2775:
2770:
2768:Nuclear option
2765:
2760:
2757:Senate Journal
2753:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2695:Line-item veto
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2660:Reconciliation
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2558:
2553:
2551:Budget process
2548:
2543:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2472:Naturalization
2469:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2421:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2397:
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2393:
2391:
2390:
2385:
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2375:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2313:
2311:Quaker members
2308:
2306:Muslim members
2303:
2298:
2296:Jewish members
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2194:Jewish members
2191:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2157:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2092:Gerrymandering
2089:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2009:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1947:
1945:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
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1876:
1871:
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1846:
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1569:
1564:
1559:
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1549:
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1542:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1519:
1513:
1512:
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1499:
1498:External links
1496:
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1492:
1461:
1439:
1410:
1386:
1340:
1302:
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1233:
1226:
1204:
1170:
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1127:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1096:
1095:
1090:SR Rule XLIV:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:Senate Chamber
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1031:SR Rule XXIX:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
995:
992:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
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959:
956:
953:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
924:
921:
911:
908:
878:Main article:
875:
872:
836:Main article:
833:
832:Reconciliation
830:
819:foreign policy
789:Main article:
786:
783:
762:
759:
740:Closed session
738:Main article:
735:
734:Closed session
732:
712:Senate Journal
693:Strom Thurmond
680:Main article:
677:
674:
641:Vice President
628:
625:
616:calls the roll
603:
600:
598:
595:
549:
548:
546:
545:
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531:
523:
520:
519:
518:
517:
514:
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491:
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477:Senate chamber
474:
466:
465:
461:
460:
459:
458:
453:
451:
450:
445:
439:
437:
435:
434:
432:Standing Rules
429:
423:
421:
419:
418:
413:
408:
402:
400:
398:
397:
392:
387:
381:
379:
374:
372:
371:
369:Nuclear option
366:
360:
358:
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350:
344:
342:
340:
339:
329:
323:
321:
314:Closed session
311:
306:
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273:
271:
264:
263:
258:
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236:
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209:
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205:Former members
202:
199:
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192:
185:
181:
176:
175:
171:
170:
164:
163:
152:
151:
145:
144:
132:
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37:
28:
24:
14:
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10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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3584:Statuary Hall
3582:
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3442:
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3439:Poet Laureate
3437:
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3413:
3412:
3411:
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3387:
3384:
3382:
3381:Reading Clerk
3379:
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3321:
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3291:
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3257:
3247:
3244:
3242:
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3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Congr. Ethics
3219:
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3198:
3196:
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2953:House history
2951:
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2905:Subcommittees
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2898:
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2891:
2890:List (Senate)
2888:
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2823:Treaty Clause
2821:
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2809:
2806:
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1012:SR Rule XXV:
1011:
1008:
1005:
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997:SR Rule XXI:
996:
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987:
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949:SR Rule VII:
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771:recorded vote
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713:
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689:
683:
675:
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662:
659:
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649:Chief Justice
646:
642:
638:
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634:
626:
624:
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114:February 2021
106:
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78:
75: –
74:
70:
69:Find sources:
63:
59:
53:
52:
47:This article
45:
41:
36:
35:
32:
27:
19:
3868:Capitol Hill
3734:
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3092:Capitol Hill
3062:
3055:
3048:
3007:
2885:List (House)
2880:List (Joint)
2850:Of the Whole
2807:
2756:
2749:
2748:Jefferson's
2635:Magic minute
2388:Slave owners
2371:2000–present
2317:Sikh members
2315:
2222:LGBT members
2148:Black Caucus
1924:118th (2023)
1919:117th (2021)
1914:116th (2019)
1909:115th (2017)
1904:114th (2015)
1899:113th (2013)
1894:112th (2011)
1889:111th (2009)
1884:110th (2007)
1879:109th (2005)
1874:108th (2003)
1869:107th (2001)
1864:106th (1999)
1859:105th (1997)
1854:104th (1995)
1849:103rd (1993)
1844:102nd (1991)
1839:101st (1989)
1834:100th (1987)
1483:. Retrieved
1473:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1442:
1430:. Retrieved
1402:
1389:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1331:. Retrieved
1320:
1293:. Retrieved
1282:
1273:
1261:. Retrieved
1248:
1216:. New York:
1213:
1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1183:Congress.gov
1182:
1173:
1153:. New York:
1149:
1142:
1134:IV, 1, (b),
1130:
1118:
1097:
1074:SR Rule XL:
926:
916:
913:
901:
893:
889:
883:
865:
841:
823:
800:
779:casting vote
764:
743:
724:Pat Harrison
709:
685:
670:
663:
630:
605:
583:
554:
552:
431:
190:by seniority
120:
111:
101:
94:
87:
80:
68:
56:Please help
51:verification
48:
31:
26:
3842:Power Plant
3434:Law Library
3135:Cap. Police
3104:Legislative
2793:Senate hold
2700:Pocket veto
2675:Sponsorship
2655:Quorum call
2455:Impeachment
1829:99th (1985)
1824:98th (1983)
1819:97th (1981)
1814:96th (1979)
1809:95th (1977)
1804:94th (1975)
1799:93rd (1973)
1794:92nd (1971)
1789:91st (1969)
1784:90th (1967)
1777:New members
1395:Klein, Ezra
1333:February 3,
1295:February 3,
1263:February 3,
1197:February 3,
989:SR Rule XIX
874:Nominations
848:filibusters
612:quorum call
390:Quorum call
3896:Categories
3805:facilities
3512:Serial Set
3400:Library of
3376:Postmaster
3339:Doorkeeper
3200:Historical
2855:Conference
2833:Committees
2818:Traditions
2743:Filibuster
2496:Privileges
2270:Physicians
2263:Occupation
2012:Vice-Chair
1613:Membership
1249:Senate.gov
1110:References
910:Time limit
795:See also:
785:Committees
767:voice vote
716:filibuster
688:filibuster
676:Filibuster
443:Traditions
364:Filibuster
332:Committees
84:newspapers
3780:Longworth
3710:buildings
3693:VP's Room
3354:Historian
3293:Librarian
3288:Historian
3273:Secretary
3259:Employees
3064:Roll Call
2875:Oversight
2803:Seniority
2670:Saxbe fix
2608:Expulsion
2522:Procedure
2460:Inquiries
2440:(Dormant)
2432:Copyright
2427:Article I
2366:1950–1999
2361:1900–1949
2356:1790–1899
2075:Districts
1990:Secretary
1951:President
1731:seniority
1705:Appointed
1668:seniority
1454:April 15,
1432:April 15,
1374:155763015
1360:: 30–31,
1102:, by the
917:pro forma
861:Byrd Rule
751:president
406:Saxbe fix
309:Blue slip
3611:painting
3402:Congress
3324:Chaplain
3278:Chaplain
3057:Politico
3050:The Hill
2900:Standing
2865:Hearings
2841:Chairman
2513:Immunity
2508:Franking
2503:Salaries
2437:Commerce
2279:Religion
1700:Resigned
1485:March 3,
1327:Archived
1289:Archived
1257:Archived
1191:Archived
1100:earmarks
991:: Debate
728:clotured
587:earmarks
557:are the
395:Salaries
195:by class
141:a series
3861:Related
3790:Rayburn
3785:O'Neill
3744:Russell
3725:Dirksen
3574:Rotunda
3415:reports
3283:Curator
3246:Library
3205:Library
3195:Curator
3181:Offices
3106:offices
2980:memoirs
2958:memoirs
2941:History
2728:Classes
2578:Cloture
2556:Censure
2331:Related
2047:Leaders
2035:Speaker
1975:Leaders
1937:Leaders
1726:Members
1690:Classes
1663:Members
1620:Members
1382:2221712
805:, four
701:cloture
666:germane
573:of the
510:Russell
500:Dirksen
327:Cloture
174:Members
98:scholar
3852:Subway
3770:Cannon
3718:Senate
3708:Office
3444:THOMAS
3266:Senate
3188:Senate
3039:C-SPAN
2921:Gavels
2870:Markup
2750:Manual
2571:Senate
2420:Powers
2237:Senate
2233:Women
2138:Senate
2101:Groups
1944:Senate
1743:Former
1680:Former
1656:Senate
1562:Senate
1380:
1372:
1224:
1161:
761:Voting
627:Debate
608:quorum
602:Quorum
579:
569:
464:Places
385:Quorum
143:on the
100:
93:
86:
79:
71:
3803:Other
3753:House
3555:Crypt
3364:Board
3359:Pages
3334:Clerk
3317:House
3298:Pages
3214:House
3140:Board
3032:Media
2914:Items
2665:Rider
2566:House
2465:Trial
2242:House
2143:House
2028:House
2007:Chair
1985:Chair
1719:House
1581:119th
1577:118th
1573:117th
1370:S2CID
826:party
639:(the
581:..."
416:Holds
105:JSTOR
91:books
3775:Ford
3730:Hart
3560:Dome
3469:Gov.
2843:and
2690:Veto
2623:list
2546:Bill
2534:list
2177:list
2082:List
2040:list
1968:list
1956:list
1738:Dean
1675:Dean
1487:2022
1456:2023
1434:2023
1378:SSRN
1335:2021
1297:2021
1265:2021
1222:ISBN
1199:2021
1159:ISBN
710:The
686:The
656:and
553:The
505:Hart
411:Seal
336:list
318:list
255:list
245:list
223:NRSC
218:DSCC
77:news
1362:doi
60:by
3898::
1478:.
1472:.
1413:^
1401:.
1376:,
1368:,
1358:47
1356:,
1352:,
1325:.
1319:.
1305:^
1281:.
1255:.
1251:.
1247:.
1236:^
1189:.
1185:.
1181:.
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1106:.
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593:.
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3090:(
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102:·
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88:·
81:·
54:.
20:)
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