1002:, since there were no-longer regular ticket inspections, and there was generally nowhere on the trains or stations to buy a ticket if a casual traveller had not planned ahead and pre-purchased one from a retail outlet. The reduced supervision also helped compound a trend of increasing vandalism, disorderly behaviour and crime that had plagued the STA system (both bus and train) since the late 1980s. The transit police force was increased and Transit Officers replaced guards on some trains, but negative public perceptions about personal safety and difficulty in getting tickets and information resulted in decreased patronage of many services.
1080:
520:
389:
291:
27:
234:
128:
503:
472:(SAR) on behalf of the Federal government. This interim arrangement lasted for over two years while the precise details of the sale of South Australia's railways were devised, disputed and re-negotiated, and the operating and management structures of the new Federal-controlled railway were put into place.
467:
On 1 July 1975, the
Federal Government took over financial responsibility for the non-metropolitan railways in South Australia and reimbursed the South Australian government for operating deficits incurred after this time. After formation of the Rail Division on 8 December 1975, the STA continued to
725:
and longer-distance suburban routes. They were painted in a characteristic brown and custard colour livery, leading to their nickname "Brown
Bombers". Known for their distinctively loud transmission whine, these buses were to become a familiar sight over the next 25 years, especially in the Adelaide
1393:
Note regarding closure dates: Common railway practice is to record the official closure of a line as a date which falls on a Sunday. In cases where the train service only operated Monday to Friday, this means the last train would actually have run on the preceding Friday. This was the situation in
916:
computerised ticket system was introduced across the STA bus, train and tram system. This formed the basis of today's MetroTicket system. Paper tickets were replaced by magnetic-stripe tickets, which are checked by an electronic validating machine each time a passenger boards a vehicle, and Weekly
1035:
16 August 1992; Changes were implemented which reduced services on most bus and train routes at night and at weekends. Train frequencies were reduced from approximately every 45 minutes to hourly. On the bus network, a separate "Nights & Sundays" pattern of routes was introduced, which often
456:
proposed a nationalisation program for
Australia's railways. It was recognised at the time that Australia's system of separate state-controlled railways led to unnecessary duplication of facilities and administration, inefficient operating practices, high costs and the lack of a uniform national
1144:
was the number of industrial branch lines which were intended mainly for freight, but were also provided with passenger trains at peak hours. These industrial trains were progressively rationalised during the STA era, along with some other lightly used services.
1036:
combined one or more daytime routes into circuitous and one-way hybrid routes. The rationale stated at the time was that evening and weekend services were very poorly patronised and the changes were needed to free resources to operate the new
Transit Link routes.
994:
and
Adelaide. This initiative aimed to attract peak-hour motorists onto public transport by providing frequent, fast, limited-stop services, using high-quality vehicles and traffic priority schemes (e.g. bus lanes and bus-priority traffic signals) where
705:
entered public service, 2101, 2102 and 2001 ran its first passenger service on 22 February 1980 while 2103, 2104 and 2002 were introduced shortly after. Delivery of the new trains continued until August 1981 when 2118 and 2012 were the final cars to be
371:. However the MTT continued to operate most of the local bus routes in the inner metropolitan area, which often followed former tram lines. The MTT was also involved in buying out many of the private bus operators then operating in the Adelaide suburbs.
759:
buses entered service. These were the last buses to be delivered in the classic all over silver livery (with white roof), which dated from MTT days. Originally, these buses were mostly used on shorter distance city routes, the last was withdrawn in
613:
buses. The Volvos updated and standardised the metropolitan bus fleet, which at the time comprised a wide variety of vehicle types and ages following buy-out of a number of private operators. The last example was withdrawn from service in
967:
1990; A four-year project to renew outdated signalling on the STA railway system was completed. New signals were installed and all STA trains and rail lines were supervised from a computerised traffic control centre in
Adelaide station
277:, which actually operated metropolitan buses, trains and trams. The formation of TransAdelaide was a prelude to competitive tendering and the introduction of private operators into the Adelaide public transport network.
351:
In the period following its establishment on 18 April 1974, the State
Transport Authority took over the functions of three government agencies. These were initially structured as three independent divisions of the STA:
1013:
depot was closed. Hackney had been the main depot in
Adelaide since the first electric tram lines opened in 1909, and had subsequently been converted by the MTT for use by trolleybuses and diesel buses.
1101:
541:
410:
312:
44:
1541:
1526:
464:
were the only states which agreed to the nationalisation plan and in South
Australia's case the transfer agreement only extended to railways outside the Adelaide suburban area.
1536:
1531:
1283:
927:
1988: The ASER redevelopment project was completed at
Adelaide station. The station platforms became effectively underground, with the Hyatt Regency hotel and
1561:
1546:
661:
was replaced with the current concrete structure. The wooden bridge had been built in 1929, at the time the line was converted from a railway to tramway.
241:
91:
1556:
710:
63:
680:
487:
764:
621:
476:
70:
1510:
691:
1326:
1299:
1268:
1040:
939:
924:
entered public service. These replaced the Redhen railcars, which had been the mainstay of the suburban train service since the late 1950s.
876:
77:
1394:
most (but not all) examples in the table above. Hence the "last train" date quoted may differ by a day or two from the official record.
998:
1992; Driver-only operation was introduced on STA trains and guards were progressively withdrawn. This led to a significant increase in
976:
816:
676:
491:
475:
Eventually, on 1 March 1978 the responsibility for management of all South Australia's non-metropolitan railways was transferred to the
842:
in the north-eastern suburbs. The O-Bahn is a unique public transport system, running on specially built concrete track with modified
798:
589:
59:
961:. The final cost of the project was A$ 98 million, which included the new fleet of specially-modified buses, based at St Agnes depot.
1307:
1127:
567:
436:
338:
110:
482:
The STA retained ownership and responsibility for all the suburban railway system around Adelaide, including the centrally located
367:(MTT) became the Bus & Tram Division, also on 8 December 1975. By this time all of Adelaide's tramways had closed, except the
828:
636:
1247:
991:
273:
These reforms split the STA into the Passenger Transport Board, which coordinated and funded the public transport system, and
1551:
1105:
802:
774:
738:
632:
545:
414:
316:
48:
1483:
1025:
596:. The opening of the rail line extension was the first public event where the new STA name and logo was prominently used.
1501:(Journal of the Australian Electric Traction Association) publisher: Transit Australia Publishing, Sydney ISSN 0818-5204
1197:
84:
1319:
1295:
1291:
1239:
1021:
906:
782:
730:
1090:
530:
399:
301:
964:
1990; Following rebuilding of the tracks and platforms in 1985 – 88, the Adelaide station concourse was refurbished.
1371:
1367:
1363:
1287:
1029:
980:
954:
928:
891:
823:
opened to provide improved bus – rail connections in the northern suburbs. Salisbury was the second purpose-built
1109:
1094:
549:
534:
418:
403:
320:
305:
37:
1344:
1315:
1232:
1006:
887:
749:
734:
647:
469:
357:
158:
1505:
1275:
1200:
1010:
958:
898:
809:
778:
658:
494:
diesel locomotives. At the same time, the separate Rail and Bus & Tram Divisions of the STA were combined.
483:
364:
245:
154:
1311:
1303:
1264:
1254:
883:
453:
268:
1467:
1165:
913:
902:
850:
695:
643:
1359:
1351:
1180:
972:
672:
1141:
950:
865:
839:
742:
665:
628:
585:
260:. This was to be achieved by assuming direct control of state-operated services (particularly in the
1384:
1213:
1044:
824:
820:
687:
507:
921:
843:
702:
450:
237:
942:
closed to regular passenger traffic. Redhen railcars 372/373 worked the last passenger movement.
1497:
857:
654:
580:
The following developments occurred in Adelaide's public transport system during the STA era.
368:
805:. It also allowed AN to avoid paying access charges to the STA for use of Adelaide station.
932:
257:
256:, which aimed to provide an integrated and co-ordinated system of public transport within
222:
199:
1431:
264:
metropolitan area) and by exercising regulatory control of privately operated services.
793:
722:
593:
1520:
1062:
946:
835:
603:
274:
186:
999:
861:
769:
1407:
1079:
519:
479:. This included much of the former SAR infrastructure, rolling stock and staff.
388:
290:
26:
869:
718:
457:
approach to railway policy. Whitlam's proposal aimed to address these issues.
1480:
756:
714:
610:
233:
875:
31 May 1987; North Arm Road, Wingfield and Eastern Parade stations on the
267:
The STA was dissolved (and the 1974 Act repealed) as a consequence of the
787:
785:. Keswick Terminal allowed access by interstate passenger trains such as
461:
261:
209:
668:
system was introduced across Adelaide, allowing transfers between modes.
726:
Hills and outer suburbs until their withdrawals between 2004 and 2006.
221:(STA) was the government agency which controlled public transport in
1061:
with its functions transferred to the Passenger Transport Board and
127:
1513:(SA Division) publisher: Port Dock Station Railway Museum (SA) Inc.
1032:), and to express peak-hour trains on three of the main rail lines.
931:
built above. The former main station building was re-opened as the
502:
232:
698:. Redhen railcar 403 worked the last regular passenger service.
1073:
513:
382:
284:
20:
990:
limited-stop bus route, numbered TL1, was introduced between
1414:
was renamed. It continued to be published until April 1976.
620:
1 March 1978; Non-metropolitan railways were transferred to
617:
31 October 1977; The Circle Line bus service was introduced.
917:
and Monthly tickets were replaced by 10-journey Multitrips.
374:
The Transport Control Board became the Regulation Division.
846:
buses and combining elements of both bus and rail systems.
16:
Agency responsible for public transport in South Australia
1054:
concept was extended to five new bus routes, TL6 to TL10.
808:
1985; The ASER project, involving major redevelopment of
729:
1981; New rail stations were opened in September 1981 at
1057:
30 June 1994; The STA was dissolved as a result of the
1493:
State Transport Authority Annual Reports 1977 to 1994
1020:
concept was introduced on two new bus routes (TL2 to
945:
20 August 1989; The second stage of the 12 kilometre
252:
The State Transport Authority was established by the
834:2 March 1986; The first six kilometre stage of the
205:
195:
177:
169:
147:
139:
134:
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1039:5 July 1993; A bus-rail interchange was opened at
506:Two double-ended STA 400 class Red Hens working a
1410:that was founded by the SAR in August 1973 when
853:opened to avoid level crossing on Military Road.
60:"State Transport Authority" South Australia
609:1977 to 1980; The STA took delivery of 307 new
602:4 February 1977; A new bus depot was opened at
1005:16 August 1992; A new bus depot was opened at
683:429 worked the last regular passenger service.
1542:Intermodal transport authorities in Australia
1527:Former government agencies of South Australia
838:opened between the city's eastern fringe and
599:1976; Smoking was banned on Adelaide's buses.
8:
360:became the Rail Division on 8 December 1975.
1108:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
920:November 1987: The first of a new fleet of
721:buses were delivered for services into the
548:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
417:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
319:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1537:Government agencies disestablished in 1994
126:
1128:Learn how and when to remove this message
711:Pressed Metal Corporation South Australia
568:Learn how and when to remove this message
437:Learn how and when to remove this message
339:Learn how and when to remove this message
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1147:
501:
1532:Government agencies established in 1974
1423:
653:October 1978 to April 1979; The wooden
477:Australian National Railways Commission
122:
1511:Australian Railway Historical Society
7:
1106:adding citations to reliable sources
546:adding citations to reliable sources
415:adding citations to reliable sources
358:South Australian Railways Commission
317:adding citations to reliable sources
49:adding citations to reliable sources
1562:1994 disestablishments in Australia
868:to a new purpose-build facility at
664:4 February 1979; A zone-based fare
781:to the new interstate facility at
767:(AN) country passenger trains and
468:administer and operate all the ex
254:State Transport Authority Act 1974
14:
1547:Rail transport in South Australia
1050:21 November 1993; The successful
1557:1974 establishments in Australia
1078:
518:
387:
289:
25:
763:18 May 1984; The few remaining
36:needs additional citations for
1140:In past years, one feature of
1:
1484:National Library of Australia
1432:State Transport Authority Act
631:was extended southwards from
606:in the south-western suburbs.
588:was extended southwards from
270:Passenger Transport Act 1994.
178:Superseding Government Agency
1149:Railway closures in STA era
1059:Passenger Transport Act 1994
986:17 February 1992; The first
940:Port Adelaide-Dry Creek line
877:Port Adelaide-Dry Creek line
797:which used the newly opened
701:22 February 1980; The first
1240:Islington Railway Workshops
592:to a temporary terminus at
148:Preceding Government Agency
1578:
1456:issue 59 April 1973 page 1
1327:Dry Creek to Port Adelaide
981:Penfield 3 railway station
955:Tea Tree Plaza Interchange
929:Adelaide Convention Centre
737:, and in November 1981 at
657:over the railway lines at
135:Government Agency overview
1142:Adelaide's railway system
912:27 September 1987; A new
860:depot was relocated from
470:South Australian Railways
242:State Transport Authority
219:State Transport Authority
184:Passenger Transport Board
159:South Australian Railways
125:
1452:Commissioner's Comments
849:9 March 1986; Relocated
810:Adelaide railway station
484:Adelaide railway station
365:Municipal Tramways Trust
155:Municipal Tramways Trust
225:between 1974 and 1994.
162:Transport Control Board
1468:Railway Transportation
1333:(§ closed 29 May 1987)
777:were transferred from
511:
486:, the entire fleet of
249:
1552:Transport in Adelaide
1070:Railway line closures
973:Penfield railway line
856:18 October 1986; The
817:Salisbury Interchange
642:28 October 1978; The
584:25 January 1976; The
505:
240:3025 in its original
236:
1102:improve this section
1016:16 August 1992; The
951:Paradise Interchange
866:Adelaide city centre
840:Paradise Interchange
825:bus-rail interchange
666:integrated ticketing
542:improve this section
460:South Australia and
411:improve this section
313:improve this section
45:improve this article
1342:Grand Junction Road
1150:
922:3000 class railcars
831:had been the first.
765:Australian National
748:13 September 1981;
703:2000 class railcars
629:Christie Downs line
622:Australian National
1465:SAR House Journal
1157:Date of last train
1148:
844:Mercedes-Benz O305
815:17 December 1985;
627:2 April 1978; The
590:Hallett Cove Beach
512:
454:Federal Government
250:
238:3000 class railcar
1498:Transit Australia
1390:
1389:
1229:11 September 1981
1138:
1137:
1130:
975:services between
901:services between
886:services between
750:Port Dock station
735:Outer Harbor line
686:1 February 1980;
655:Goodwood Overpass
586:Hallett Cove line
578:
577:
570:
447:
446:
439:
369:Glenelg tram line
349:
348:
341:
215:
214:
121:
120:
113:
95:
1569:
1509:(Journal of the
1486:
1478:
1472:
1471:June 1973 page 4
1463:
1457:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1428:
1340:§ Eastern Parade
1338:§ North Arm Road
1192:Finsbury Stores
1160:Stations closed
1151:
1133:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1113:
1082:
1074:
899:Bridgewater line
829:Noarlunga Centre
783:Keswick Terminal
779:Adelaide station
755:1982; The first
709:1980; The first
671:17 August 1979;
659:Goodwood station
637:Noarlunga Centre
573:
566:
562:
559:
553:
522:
514:
442:
435:
431:
428:
422:
391:
383:
379:Sale of railways
344:
337:
333:
330:
324:
293:
285:
246:Goodwood station
130:
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1517:
1516:
1490:
1489:
1479:
1475:
1464:
1460:
1451:
1447:
1437:
1435:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1401:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1332:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1267:
1263:
1248:Islington Works
1218:1 February 1980
1191:
1189:
1188:Woodville North
1174:
1170:29 October 1978
1134:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1099:
1083:
1072:
949:opened between
933:Adelaide Casino
884:Northfield line
690:closed between
675:closed between
646:closed between
574:
563:
557:
554:
539:
523:
510:service in 1990
500:
488:Redhen railcars
443:
432:
426:
423:
408:
392:
381:
345:
334:
328:
325:
310:
294:
283:
258:South Australia
231:
223:South Australia
200:South Australia
191:
185:
165:
161:
157:
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1575:
1573:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1502:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1473:
1458:
1445:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1406:was the STA's
1400:
1397:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1381:14 August 1992
1379:
1375:
1374:
1357:
1356:4 January 1991
1354:
1348:
1347:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1281:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1260:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1205:1 January 1980
1203:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1185:17 August 1979
1183:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1136:
1135:
1086:
1084:
1077:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1055:
1048:
1037:
1033:
1014:
1003:
996:
992:Aberfoyle Park
984:
971:January 1991;
969:
965:
962:
943:
936:
925:
918:
910:
897:26 July 1987:
895:
882:24 July 1987;
880:
873:
854:
851:Grange station
847:
832:
813:
806:
799:standard gauge
794:Indian Pacific
761:
753:
746:
743:Noarlunga line
739:Christie Downs
727:
723:Adelaide Hills
707:
699:
684:
681:Redhen railcar
679:and Finsbury.
669:
662:
651:
650:and Semaphore.
644:Semaphore line
640:
633:Christie Downs
625:
618:
615:
607:
600:
597:
594:Christie Downs
576:
575:
526:
524:
517:
499:
496:
445:
444:
395:
393:
386:
380:
377:
376:
375:
372:
361:
347:
346:
297:
295:
288:
282:
279:
230:
227:
213:
212:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
190:
189:
181:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
164:
163:
151:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
132:
131:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1574:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1481:Keeping Track
1477:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1454:Keeping Track
1449:
1446:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1408:house journal
1405:
1404:Keeping Track
1398:
1396:
1395:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1378:GMH Elizabeth
1377:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1284:National Park
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1132:
1129:
1121:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1087:This section
1085:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1069:
1064:
1063:TransAdelaide
1060:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
963:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:O-Bahn Busway
944:
941:
938:29 May 1988;
937:
934:
930:
926:
923:
919:
915:
911:
908:
904:
900:
896:
893:
889:
885:
881:
878:
874:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
852:
848:
845:
841:
837:
836:O-Bahn Busway
833:
830:
827:in Adelaide,
826:
822:
818:
814:
811:
807:
804:
803:Crystal Brook
800:
796:
795:
790:
789:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:
766:
762:
758:
754:
751:
747:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
697:
693:
689:
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34:This article
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1436:. Retrieved
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1399:Publications
1392:
1391:
1280:26 July 1987
1259:24 July 1987
1244:31 July 1986
1208:ICI Osborne
1139:
1124:
1115:
1100:Please help
1088:
1058:
1052:Transit Link
1051:
1026:Golden Grove
1018:Transit Link
1017:
1000:fare evasion
988:Transit Link
987:
862:Angas Street
858:Glenelg tram
792:
786:
770:The Overland
768:
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540:Please help
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206:Headquarters
196:Jurisdiction
173:30 June 1994
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43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
1506:Catch Point
1438:26 February
1336:§ Wingfield
1331:27 May 1988
1320:Bridgewater
1296:Mount Lofty
1292:Upper Sturt
1276:Bridgewater
1154:Destination
1045:Gawler line
1024:and TL3 to
907:Bridgewater
821:Gawler line
731:North Haven
692:Albert Park
688:Hendon line
508:Belair line
248:in May 2005
1521:Categories
1418:References
1372:Penfield 3
1368:Penfield 2
1364:Penfield 1
1300:Heathfield
1288:Long Gully
1269:Northfield
1255:Northfield
1190:No.18 Shed
1041:Smithfield
1022:West Lakes
995:practical.
892:Northfield
870:Glengowrie
812:commenced.
801:line from
706:delivered.
498:Chronology
244:livery at
71:newspapers
1412:Rail News
1345:Rosewater
1316:Carripook
1233:Port Dock
1226:Port Dock
1173:Semaphore
1166:Semaphore
1118:July 2023
1089:does not
1030:Elizabeth
977:Salisbury
888:Dry Creek
775:Melbourne
757:MAN SL200
715:Volvo B58
677:Woodville
648:Glanville
611:Volvo B59
558:July 2023
529:does not
492:830 class
427:July 2023
398:does not
329:July 2023
300:does not
281:Formation
170:Dissolved
101:July 2023
1352:Penfield
1181:Finsbury
1009:and the
1007:Mile End
788:The Ghan
490:and two
462:Tasmania
262:Adelaide
210:Adelaide
1312:Jibilla
1308:Aldgate
1304:Madurta
1265:Pooraka
1221:Hendon
1201:Osborne
1175:Exeter
1110:removed
1095:sources
1043:on the
1011:Hackney
959:Modbury
914:Crouzet
879:closed.
864:in the
819:on the
752:closed.
741:on the
733:on the
713:bodied
550:removed
535:sources
451:Whitlam
419:removed
404:sources
321:removed
306:sources
229:History
85:scholar
1434:. 1974
1214:Hendon
983:cease.
909:cease.
903:Belair
894:cease.
696:Hendon
140:Formed
87:
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1360:Hilra
1262:Cavan
968:yard.
760:2011.
614:2003.
92:JSTOR
78:books
1440:2018
1093:any
1091:cite
1028:and
979:and
953:and
905:and
890:and
791:and
719:B10M
717:and
694:and
533:any
531:cite
402:any
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363:The
356:The
304:any
302:cite
217:The
64:news
1385:GMH
1198:ICI
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