889:
909:
112:
321:
838:
1195:
1294:
429:
2327:
85:
2911:
745:
881:, with the intention that the territory would unite with the Trust Territory of Somaliland. The Legislative Council of British Somaliland passed a resolution in April 1960 requesting independence and union with the Trust Territory of Somaliland, which was scheduled to gain independence on 1 July that year. The legislative councils of both territories agreed to this proposal following a joint conference in
2921:
346:
973:, which was first drafted in 1960. The constitution was widely regarded as unfair in the former Somaliland, however, and over 60% of the northern voters were against it in the referendum. Regardless, it was signed into law. Widespread dissatisfaction spread among the north's population, and British-trained officers attempted a
934:
On 26 June 1960, the former
British Somaliland protectorate obtained independence as Somaliland, with the Trust Territory of Somaliland due to follow suit five days later. The following day, on 27 June 1960, the newly convened Somaliland Legislative Assembly approved a bill that would formally allow
1028:“I, my Government and my people in the United Kingdom, wish you well on this day of independence. The connection between our people goes back some 130 years and British administration of the Protectorate for 60 years. I look forward to a continuing and enduring friendship between our two countries.”
861:
independence in favour of a gradual transfer of power. The arrangement would allow local politicians to gain more political experience in running the protectorate before official independence. However, strong pan-Somali nationalism and a landslide victory in the earlier elections encouraged them to
1120:
The Order in
Council explicitly stated that "Somaliland shall become an independent country on the 26 day of June, 1960" and that British protection over Somaliland would lapse on the same date. The introduction to the constitution defined Somaliland's territory as being all the territory of the
1737:
916:, May 1960 in which it was decide that 26 June be the day of Independence, and so signed on 12 May 1960. Somaliland Delegation: Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal, Ahmed Haji Dualeh, Ali Garad Jama& Haji Ibrahim Nur. From the Colonial Office:
1116:
The system of governance for
Somaliland was established by the Constitution of Somaliland which was enacted by the Somaliland Order in Council 1960 (SI 1960/1060) made by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on 23 June 1960.
931:, who had previously served as an unofficial member of the former British Somaliland protectorate's Executive Council and the leader of Government Business in the Legislative Council, became the prime minister of Somaliland.
1773:
888:
1810:
1079:
Your
Excellencies: I extend my best wishes and congratulations on the achievement of your independence. This is a noteworthy milestone in your history, and it is with pleasure that I send
2312:
2206:
2037:"The Somali Republic shall have the following boundaries. (a) North; Gulf of Aden. (b) North West; Djibouti. (c) West; Ethiopia. (d) South south-west; Kenya. (e) East; Indian Ocean."
2955:
1786:
842:
724:
2950:
2095:
by Paolo
Contini—leader of the UN Consultative Commission for Integration, which oversaw the union of the former State of Somaliland and the Trust Territory of Somaliland.
2246:
1777:
This list includes China (Republic of ), Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Israel, Libya, Union of the Soviet
Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, and the United States.
1587:
1377:
independent state and regards itself as the legal successor to the State of
Somaliland. However, unlike the former State of Somaliland, it has not gained widespread
773:
1302:
1209:
1738:"Read the eBook Department of State bulletin (Volume v. 43, Jul- Sep1960) by United States. Dept. of State. Office of Public Co online for free (page 25 of 100)"
1774:"THE BRENTHURST FOUNDATION Strengthening Africa's economic performance AFRICAN GAme ChANGeR? The Consequences of Somaliland's International (Non) Recognition
2566:
2120:
2556:
730:
111:
2629:
1301:
The
Somaliland Legislative Assembly had 33 members (MLAs), including an ex-officio Speaker. Members of the legislative assembly were elected in
2388:
2271:
2226:
897:
712:
638:
219:
2622:
2011:
1438:
2133:
908:
103:
766:
2718:
1852:
2880:
2061:
1926:
1892:
1878:
1695:
2741:
2658:
2639:
2415:
1049:
2276:
2817:
2713:
2551:
2113:
2802:
2765:
2708:
2447:
2256:
921:
759:
694:
408:
2087:
1485:
1591:
2812:
2807:
2782:
2663:
1382:
954:
863:
822:
236:
1940:
1625:
2728:
2651:
2646:
2617:
2351:
2241:
644:
2376:
2945:
2822:
2307:
2302:
1909:
428:
2571:
2541:
2326:
2216:
2106:
1200:
1147:
928:
901:
688:
626:
272:
184:
19:
This article is about the independent country established on 26 June 1960. For the state established in 1991, see
2885:
2698:
2668:
2576:
962:
614:
2612:
2561:
2266:
958:
950:
946:
706:
198:
1454:
1293:
2088:
Agreements made between the
Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of Somaliland on 26 June 1960
2892:
2792:
2787:
2751:
2634:
2600:
2583:
2546:
2452:
2335:
2281:
255:
977:. Their uprising failed, and Somaliland continued to be marginalized by the south during the next decades.
542:
2870:
2520:
2231:
2018:
1556:
1378:
1370:
974:
837:
821:
for five days between 26 June 1960 and 1 July 1960, when it merged with the formerly
Italian administered
814:
806:
683:
84:
2832:
2746:
2686:
2536:
2469:
2361:
2356:
2286:
2221:
2141:
659:
632:
596:
555:
517:
476:
438:
417:
292:
2875:
2723:
2196:
1245:
985:
During its existence, Somaliland received international recognition from 35 countries, that included
568:
1987:
2914:
2860:
2855:
2840:
2733:
2459:
2366:
2211:
1853:
https://saxafimedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Somaliland_constitutional_conference_may1960.pdf
1755:
1544:
1194:
620:
445:
2920:
2022:
813:) was a short-lived independent country in the territory of the present-day unilaterally declared
2797:
2703:
2201:
1756:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958–1960, Africa, Volume XIV - Office of the Historian"
1125:
1036:
878:
867:
858:
850:
818:
608:
326:
91:
2092:
2082:
1864:
2077:
1502:
1428:
1132:
The Council of Ministers which was led by the Prime Minister and included four other ministers.
845:
and the Government of Somaliland in connexion with the Attainment of Independence by Somaliland
2924:
2605:
2236:
2191:
2176:
2057:
1434:
1138:
The High Court which was made up of a number of Judges determined by the Council of Ministers.
749:
125:
2865:
1905:
1719:
1052:
1039:
495:
149:
2425:
2420:
2393:
2371:
2186:
826:
794:
677:
562:
500:
339:
145:
44:
1486:
http://www.somalilandlaw.com/Treaties_between_the_UK_and_the_State_of_Somaliland_1960.pdf
1702:
965:, later to become President (from 1967 to 1969). On 20 July 1961, and through a popular
2850:
2261:
2181:
1043:
942:
700:
536:
530:
223:
2053:
Understanding Statebuilding: Traditional Governance and the Modern State in Somaliland
2939:
2497:
2403:
1033:
817:, which regards itself as its legal successor. It existed on the territory of former
2777:
2482:
2166:
1021:
1014:
970:
935:
for the union of Somaliland with the Trust Territory of Somaliland on 1 July 1960.
874:
854:
524:
483:
1046:
signed several bilateral agreements with Somaliland in Hargeisa on June 26, 1960.
2051:
1839:
1135:
The Legislative Assembly which had 34 members and was presided over by a Speaker.
1024:
sent the following message to the people of Somaliland to mark independence day:
917:
893:
1968:
873:
The British stated that it would be prepared to grant independence to the then
2845:
2440:
2435:
2408:
2129:
1406:
966:
718:
489:
383:
20:
1517:
900:
ceremony on 26 June 1960. The then Prime Minister of the State of Somaliland
2430:
2398:
2161:
2156:
1654:
The Illustrated Library of The World and Its Peoples: Africa, North and East
882:
462:
456:
450:
2502:
2381:
1374:
994:
389:
135:
1124:
The constitution established three branches of government following the
578:
504:
373:
367:
240:
2098:
2492:
2487:
1006:
998:
913:
802:
582:
153:
56:
1927:"Somaliland's 26th June 1960, 86 years of protectorate comes to end"
1893:"Somaliland's 26th June 1960, 86 years of protectorate comes to end"
1879:"Somaliland's 26th June 1960, 86 years of protectorate comes to end"
1527:
1525:
1825:
2477:
2171:
1292:
1010:
1002:
990:
986:
907:
887:
841:
Agreements and Exchanges of Letters between the Government of the
836:
574:
163:
941:
Following unification on 1 July 1960, a government was formed by
2588:
1545:
http://foto.archivalware.co.uk/data/Library2/pdf/1960-TS0044.pdf
2102:
938:
There were also fears of clashes with populations in Ethiopia.
1941:"Somaliland Marks Independence After 73 Years of British Rule"
1626:"Somaliland Marks Independence After 73 Years of British Rule"
1455:"SOMALILAND: DEMOCRATISATION AND ITS DISCONTENTS 28 July 2003"
1297:
Members of the Legislative Assembly elected in February 1960
1914:
Die Wahl der Parlamente: Band II: Afrika, Zweiter Halbband
2012:"The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic"
2207:
Postage stamps and postal history of British Somaliland
2093:
The Somali Republic: an experiment in legal integration
1613:
The Somali Republic: an experiment in legal integration
1497:
1495:
1493:
1365:
Use as a legal precedent for the Republic of Somaliland
912:
The Somaliland Protectorate Constitutional Conference,
1988:"The Signs Say Somaliland, but the World Says Somalia"
843:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
725:
Peace treaties of the Somaliland War of Independence
63:
2831:
2764:
2685:
2519:
2468:
2334:
2295:
2149:
2140:
2078:
Somaliland Order in Council (S.I. No. 1060 of 1960)
1582:
1580:
1481:
1479:
360:
288:
278:
271:
261:
254:
233:
216:
204:
194:
178:
169:
159:
141:
131:
121:
30:
2247:List of colonial governors of British Somaliland
1057:
1026:
1826:"Brief history about somaliland constitutions"
1076:Council of Ministers of Somaliland, Hargeisa.
949:as President of the Somali National Assembly,
2956:States and territories disestablished in 1960
2114:
1912:, Dieter Nohlen & Klaus Landfried (1978)
1557:"Central Intelligence Bulletin 26th Feb 1960"
1150:was the first and only holder of the office.
1090:Secretary of State, United States of America.
862:demand independence and unification with the
767:
8:
1422:
1420:
36:
16:1960 short-lived state in the Horn of Africa
1696:"Somaliland: The Little Country that Could"
1690:
1688:
1686:
1231:The Council of Ministers had five members:
1084:my warmest regards on this happy occasion.
2951:States and territories established in 1960
2770:
2691:
2529:
2525:
2344:
2340:
2146:
2121:
2107:
2099:
1381:as a country, instead being treated as an
774:
760:
402:
110:
27:
1969:"How Britain said farewell to its Empire"
866:under Italian Administration (the former
1677:
1665:
1535:, (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835
1401:
1399:
1397:
1307:
1233:
1152:
975:revolt to end the union in December 1961
267:176,120 km (68,000 sq mi)
1393:
1042:sent a congratulatory message, and the
416:
405:
270:
260:
253:
2227:Italian invasion of British Somaliland
1305:from 33 single-member constituencies.
1163:
277:
232:
215:
211:
177:
173:
7:
1430:Political Handbook of the World 2015
969:, the Somali people ratified a new
1811:"The Department of State Bulletin"
14:
1121:British Somaliland Protectorate.
2919:
2910:
2909:
2325:
1656:, (Greystone Press: 1967), p.338
1193:
1050:United States Secretary of State
743:
427:
344:
319:
83:
2083:1960 Constitution of Somaliland
1533:The New Encyclopædia Britannica
1507:. H.M. Stationery Office. 1960.
1289:Somaliland Legislative Assembly
1227:Somaliland Council of Ministers
1865:"Somaliland Constitution 1960"
1156:
695:Somaliland War of Independence
1:
864:Trust Territory of Somaliland
823:Trust Territory of Somaliland
237:Trust Territory of Somaliland
2242:1945 Sheikh Bashir Rebellion
2021:. 2004-02-01. Archived from
1427:Lansford, Tom (2015-03-24).
1143:Prime Minister of Somaliland
1055:sent the following letter:
924:, H. C. F. Wilks (Secretary)
235:• Unification with the
2272:Declaration of Independence
713:Declaration of Independence
64:
2972:
2217:Somaliland campaign (1920)
2050:Richards, Rebecca (2014).
1986:Lacey, Marc (2006-06-05).
1588:"Somali Independence Week"
1462:International Crisis Group
1201:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
1148:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
929:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
902:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
689:Somali Democratic Republic
185:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
18:
2905:
2773:
2694:
2532:
2528:
2347:
2343:
2323:
1615:, (Routledge, 1969), p.6.
1531:Encyclopædia Britannica,
1173:
1170:
1160:
1155:
731:Constitutional referendum
298:
250:
212:
190:
174:
109:
98:
80:
75:
2623:House of Representatives
959:Abdirashid Ali Shermarke
951:Aden Abdullah Osman Daar
947:Abdulcadir Muhammed Aden
2282:2022 Waheen Market fire
1950:. 1960-06-26. p. 6
1840:"Statutory Instruments"
1652:Greystone Press Staff,
1635:. 1960-06-26. p. 6
1369:Today's re-established
645:Sheikh Bashir Rebellion
2232:Somaliland Camel Corps
2019:University of Pretoria
1779:
1411:www.worldstatesmen.org
1379:diplomatic recognition
1371:Republic of Somaliland
1319:Somali National League
1298:
1107:
1030:
981:Diplomatic recognition
925:
905:
892:Somaliland flying the
846:
815:Republic of Somaliland
798:
684:1961 revolt in Somalia
180:• Prime Minister
116:Location of Somaliland
37:
2287:Outline of Somaliland
2222:1922 Burao Tax Revolt
1775:
1504:Statutory Instruments
1327:National United Front
1296:
911:
891:
840:
750:Somaliland portal
293:East African shilling
142:Common languages
2453:Sa'ad ad-Din Islands
2197:Habr Yunis Sultanate
1255:Garad Ali Garad Jama
1246:Mohamed Ibrahim Egal
1087:Christian a. Herter
799:Qaranka Soomaaliland
569:Habr Yunis Sultanate
280:• 1960 estimate
199:Legislative Assembly
38:Qaranka Soomaaliland
2557:Diplomatic missions
2257:War of Independence
2252:State of Somaliland
2212:Somaliland campaign
2056:. Surrey: Ashgate.
1720:"Biyokulule Online"
1335:United Somali Party
1065:Their Excellencies,
805:: دولة صوماليلاند,
791:State of Somaliland
672:State of Somaliland
627:Somaliland campaign
621:Somaliland campaign
503: •
496:Land of the Berbers
446:Caves in Somaliland
32:State of Somaliland
2946:1960 in Somaliland
2742:Telecommunications
2202:British Somaliland
1948:The New York Times
1742:www.ebooksread.com
1724:www.biyokulule.com
1633:The New York Times
1299:
1126:Westminster system
1037:Secretary of State
926:
906:
879:British Somaliland
868:Italian Somaliland
859:British Somaliland
851:British government
847:
819:British Somaliland
609:British Somaliland
581: •
577: •
543:Ethiopian–Adal war
327:British Somaliland
2933:
2932:
2901:
2900:
2760:
2759:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2630:Political parties
2606:Somaliland Police
2552:Foreign relations
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2321:
2320:
2267:National Movement
2237:Somaliland Scouts
2192:Battle of Berbera
2177:Sultanate of Ifat
1760:history.state.gov
1440:978-1-4833-7155-9
1383:autonomous region
1362:
1361:
1286:
1285:
1279:Hajji Ibrahim Nur
1263:Ahmed Hajji Duale
1224:
1223:
904:salutes the flag.
853:planned to delay
811:Dawlat Ṣūmālīlānd
789:, officially the
784:
783:
664:
660:Modern Somaliland
601:
600:(1884–1960)
401:
400:
356:
355:
352:
351:
332:
331:
126:Independent state
65:Dawlat Ṣūmālīlānd
2963:
2923:
2913:
2912:
2813:Independence Day
2771:
2737:
2692:
2596:
2530:
2526:
2345:
2341:
2329:
2147:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2100:
2067:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2016:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1945:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1917:
1906:Dolf Sternberger
1903:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1861:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1791:
1785:. Archived from
1784:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1701:. Archived from
1700:
1692:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1630:
1622:
1616:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1590:. Archived from
1584:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1561:
1553:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1529:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1499:
1488:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1459:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1424:
1415:
1414:
1403:
1385:within Somalia.
1308:
1271:Hajji Yusuf Iman
1234:
1206:
1197:
1168:
1158:
1153:
1053:Christian Herter
1040:Christian Herter
776:
769:
762:
748:
747:
746:
662:
639:Italian invasion
633:Burao Tax Revolt
615:Dervish movement
599:
465:(5,000~3,500 BC)
431:
421:
403:
394:
378:
348:
347:
336:
335:
323:
322:
316:
315:
300:
299:
114:
87:
70:
69:
67:
54:
48:
40:
28:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2897:
2827:
2808:Public holidays
2783:National emblem
2756:
2735:
2673:
2618:House of Elders
2590:
2507:
2464:
2394:Golis Mountains
2389:Mountain ranges
2372:Greater Somalia
2330:
2317:
2291:
2187:Isaaq Sultanate
2136:
2127:
2074:
2064:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1996:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1929:. 26 June 2019.
1925:
1924:
1920:
1904:
1900:
1895:. 26 June 2019.
1891:
1890:
1886:
1881:. 26 June 2019.
1877:
1876:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1847:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1824:Hagoog, Adnan.
1823:
1822:
1818:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1705:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1684:
1678:Richards (2014)
1676:
1672:
1666:Richards (2014)
1664:
1660:
1651:
1647:
1638:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1611:Paolo Contini,
1610:
1606:
1597:
1595:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1539:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1512:
1501:
1500:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1467:
1465:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1405:
1404:
1395:
1391:
1373:functions as a
1367:
1291:
1250:Prime Minister
1229:
1204:
1203:
1185:Time in office
1174:Term of office
1166:
1165:
1145:
1114:
983:
835:
827:Somali Republic
780:
744:
742:
737:
736:
678:Somali Republic
667:
666:
661:
651:
650:
604:
603:
598:
597:Colonial period
588:
587:
563:Isaaq Sultanate
558:
548:
547:
525:Kingdom of Adal
520:
510:
509:
479:
469:
468:
441:
419:
412:
397:
386:
379:
370:
345:
340:Somali Republic
320:
281:
264:
243:
241:Somali Republic
226:
181:
152:
148:
117:
104:National anthem
94:
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52:دولة صوماليلاند
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2262:Isaaq genocide
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2072:External links
2070:
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2003:
1992:New York Times
1978:
1960:
1944:(fee required)
1932:
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1910:Bernhard Vogel
1898:
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1708:on 2016-03-04.
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982:
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963:Prime Minister
943:Abdullahi Issa
849:Initially the
834:
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764:
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539:(15th-16th c.)
537:Adal Sultanate
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533:(12th-15th c.)
531:Ifat Sultanate
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486:(2500~2000 BC)
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2404:Ogo Mountains
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2063:9781472425898
2059:
2055:
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2048:
2047:
2043:
2028:on 2010-02-15
2024:
2020:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1979:
1975:. 2010-07-23.
1974:
1970:
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1949:
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1792:on 2013-10-05
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1697:
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1689:
1687:
1683:
1680:, p. 85.
1679:
1674:
1671:
1668:, p. 84.
1667:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1634:
1627:
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1608:
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1594:on 2011-09-28
1593:
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1303:February 1960
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1214:26 June 1960
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:(1928 – 2002)
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1167:(Birth–Death)
1154:
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1062:June 26, 1960
1061:
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1038:
1035:
1034:United States
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1016:
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741:
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732:
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726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
707:Peace process
705:
702:
699:
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687:
685:
682:
679:
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673:
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669:
665:
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573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
560:
557:
552:
551:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
527:(9th-12th c.)
526:
523:
522:
519:
514:
513:
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502:
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491:
488:
485:
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361:Today part of
359:
343:
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108:
105:
101:
97:
93:
86:
79:
74:
68:
66:
58:
46:
39:
29:
26:
22:
2841:Architecture
2818:Calling code
2788:Demographics
2704:Central Bank
2592:
2572:Human rights
2542:Constitution
2483:Maroodi Jeex
2251:
2167:Land of Punt
2052:
2030:. Retrieved
2023:the original
2006:
1995:. Retrieved
1991:
1981:
1972:
1963:
1952:. Retrieved
1947:
1935:
1921:
1913:
1901:
1887:
1873:
1859:
1848:
1834:
1819:
1805:
1794:. Retrieved
1787:the original
1776:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1703:the original
1673:
1661:
1653:
1648:
1637:. Retrieved
1632:
1620:
1612:
1607:
1596:. Retrieved
1592:the original
1567:. Retrieved
1563:
1551:
1540:
1532:
1513:
1503:
1466:. Retrieved
1461:
1449:
1433:. CQ Press.
1429:
1410:
1368:
1356:
1351:
1300:
1240:Designation
1230:
1220:5 days
1217:1 July 1960
1182:Left office
1179:Took office
1146:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1108:
1048:
1031:
1027:
1022:Elizabeth II
1019:
1015:Soviet Union
984:
971:constitution
940:
937:
933:
927:
898:Independence
875:protectorate
872:
855:protectorate
848:
825:to form the
810:
790:
786:
785:
671:
663:(since 1960)
556:Early modern
484:Land of Punt
388:
380:
372:
309:Succeeded by
308:
303:
263:• Total
239:to form the
229:26 June 1960
220:Independence
99:
62:
25:
2699:Agriculture
2669:Visa policy
2044:Works cited
918:Ian Macleod
894:Somali Flag
727:(1991-1997)
703:(1982-1990)
697:(1981-1991)
691:(1969-1991)
680:(1960-1969)
623:(1901-1910)
617:(1884-1920)
611:(1884-1960)
518:Middle Ages
453:(10,000 BC)
418:History of
304:Preceded by
246:1 July 1960
195:Legislature
2940:Categories
2856:Literature
2736:(currency)
2613:Parliament
2562:Government
2441:Dul Madoba
2436:Buur Dhaab
2409:Buur Dhaab
2377:Waterfalls
2150:Chronology
2130:Somaliland
2032:2010-02-02
1997:2010-02-02
1954:2008-06-20
1796:2015-03-15
1639:2008-06-20
1598:2011-01-24
1389:References
1112:Governance
967:referendum
922:D. B. Hall
787:Somaliland
719:Somaliland
490:Macrobians
459:(5,000 BC)
439:Prehistory
420:Somaliland
384:Somaliland
273:Population
170:Government
21:Somaliland
2893:Languages
2793:Education
2752:Transport
2734:Shilling
2714:Companies
2659:Ministers
2635:President
2584:Judiciary
2567:Embassies
2547:Elections
2431:Cal Madow
2421:Shimbiris
2416:Mountains
2399:Cal Madow
2336:Geography
2162:Dhambalin
2157:Laas Geel
1464:: 2. 2003
1407:"Somalia"
1282:Minister
1274:Minister
1266:Minister
1258:Minister
1171:Election
1161:Portrait
955:President
883:Mogadishu
807:romanized
463:Dhaymoole
457:Dhambalin
451:Laas Gaal
222:from the
160:Religion
2915:Category
2871:Religion
2709:Airports
2601:Military
2521:Politics
2503:Togdheer
2382:Lamadaya
2367:Wildlife
2308:Military
2303:Maritime
2296:By topic
2134:articles
1973:BBC News
1569:19 April
1375:de facto
1013:and the
995:Ethiopia
492:(525 BC)
409:a series
407:Part of
390:de facto
289:Currency
136:Hargeisa
2851:Cuisine
2833:Culture
2803:Library
2766:Society
2747:Tourism
2687:Economy
2537:Cabinet
2470:Regions
2448:Islands
2362:Geology
2357:Climate
2142:History
1916:, p1926
1842:. 1960.
1813:. 1960.
1518:Somalia
1468:5 March
1343:Speaker
945:, with
896:at the
833:History
579:Berbera
505:Mosylon
477:Ancient
374:de jure
368:Somalia
284:650,000
218:•
205:History
150:English
132:Capital
100:Anthem:
2925:Portal
2876:Sports
2778:Anthem
2724:Energy
2664:Mayors
2493:Sanaag
2488:Saaxil
2352:Cities
2313:Postal
2132:
2060:
1437:
1020:Queen
1007:Israel
999:France
914:London
803:Arabic
795:Somali
733:(2001)
721:(1991)
715:(1991)
709:(1991)
674:(1960)
647:(1945)
641:(1941)
635:(1922)
629:(1920)
583:Bulhar
411:on the
208:
154:Arabic
146:Somali
122:Status
102:
57:Arabic
45:Somali
41:
2886:Games
2866:Music
2861:Media
2729:Ports
2478:Awdal
2460:Caves
2426:Golis
2172:Malao
2026:(PDF)
2015:(PDF)
1790:(PDF)
1783:(PDF)
1706:(PDF)
1699:(PDF)
1560:(PDF)
1458:(PDF)
1352:Total
1314:MLAs
1311:Party
1011:Libya
1003:Ghana
991:Egypt
987:China
575:Zeila
501:Malao
256:Area
164:Islam
2881:Team
2798:Flag
2652:List
2640:List
2593:Xeer
2589:Law
2577:LGBT
2498:Sool
2058:ISBN
1571:2021
1470:2022
1435:ISBN
1237:Name
1210:1960
1164:Name
1032:The
957:and
92:Flag
76:1960
2846:Art
2719:EEZ
1564:CIA
1338:12
1322:20
1157:No.
961:as
953:as
877:of
870:).
857:of
793:, (
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1492:^
1478:^
1460:.
1419:^
1409:.
1396:^
1357:34
1346:1
1330:1
1190:1
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1017:.
1009:,
1005:,
1001:,
997:,
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