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1983 found that female attendance and time spent with their pup was shaped by increasing nutritional demands of the pup and the pups suckling efficiency. Females averaged 21 hours ashore and 36 hours at sea. As the pups aged, females began to spend more time at sea again. As the pups matured, specifically at the sixth week past birth, the mother's sea time declined by 30 percent. There was no relationship between the pups' activity or physical excursion and their suckling time, age, or sex. Their suckling time, and age, and sex are unrelated to their use of energy. Labeled water studies showed that the pups' milk intake had a direct relationship to their size. Pups that consumed more milk were heavier than those that did not. These findings show that the amount of time females spend onshore with their pups is based on their pup's suckling efficiency and nutritional demands.
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and pup leave the rookery together. This maternal attendance pattern is common in otariids. As pups get older the amount of time spent by females foraging out at sea increases. This continues until pups obtain the ideal body weight and energy reserves to eat on their own. A study conducted by the
University of California, Santa Cruz found that on average male pups consume more milk than females. This may be due to the sexual dimorphism common to otariids. Reproductive males fast throughout the reproductive season, often without entering the water once from mid-May until August, when the structure of the reproductive rookeries begins to fall apart and most animals leave for the open seas and disperse throughout their range.
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1071:, managers are implored to use non-harmful, non-lethal deterrence methods (such as rubber bullets, bullhorns and other noisemakers). Interference or deterrence by the general public is unlawful, unregulated, and considered to be stressful (even disruptive) to the animals and their habits. Additionally, the massive size of the Steller sea lion—and potential for aggression—poses a real threat for humans; thus, the interfering with, molestation or frightening of marine mammals is strictly forbidden. Offenders are subject to varying fines, court appearances and even jail time.
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848:. However, unlike some other species, they do not coerce individual females into harems, but control spatial territories among which females freely move. Steller sea lions have used aquatic, semiaquatic, and terrestrial territories. Males with semiaquatic territories have the most success in defending them. The boundaries are defined by natural features, such as rocks, faults, or ridges in rocks, and territories can remain stable for 60 days. Though Steller sea lion males are generally tolerant of pups, one male filmed on
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above water sounds, described as clicks, barks, and belches. The primary function of their vocalizations is for social behavior. Sonogram readings reported that
Steller Sea Lions make discrete, low frequency pulses underwater that resemble the male "belching" territorial noise made in air. These underwater vocalizations have an average of 20–30 pulses per second.
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593:, but have not been observed there since the 1980s. Based on genetic anаlyses and local migration patterns, the global Steller sea lion population has traditionally been divided into an eastern and western stock at 144°W longitude, roughly through the middle of the Gulf of Alaska. Recent evidence suggests the sea lions in Russia in the
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1128:, and other fish stocks in the Gulf of Alaska. This stems largely from the "junk-food hypothesis" representing a shift in their diet from fatty herring and capelin to leaner fare such as pollock and flounder, thereby limiting their ability to consume and store fat. Other hypotheses include increased predation by
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Another possible reason for decline in this species has been tied to the nutritional stress hypothesis. The lack of prey corresponds to the decrease in population. In females specifically, obtaining an insufficient amount of nutrients has resulted in the failure to complete their pregnancies to full
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Because
Steller sea lions are sexually dimorphic in size, their hearing differs in sensitivity, possibly due to differences in size of the hearing structures. Females have a higher sensitivity than males, perhaps to hear the higher frequency calls of their pups. The Steller sea lion's hearing range
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for up to three months before implanting and beginning to divide. Twins are rare. After a week or so of nursing without leaving the rookery, females begin to take progressively longer and more frequent foraging trips leaving their pups behind until at some point in late summer, when both the mother
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Like most otariids, Steller sea lions are vocal in air. Mature male sea lions have a range of vocalizations as part of their territorial behaviors, including belches, growls, snorts, and hisses that serve as warnings to others. Both males and females also produce underwater noises similar to their
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or the terminal drag-based paddling phase, the 2007 study found that little or no thrust was generated during those phases. Swimming performance in sea lions is modulated by changes in the duration and intensity of movements without changing their sequence. Using criteria based on velocity and the
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The age at weaning is highly variable; pups may remain with their mothers for as long as four years. Incidents of mothers feeding daughters that are simultaneously feeding their own newborn pups have been documented, which is an extremely rare occurrence among mammals. A study done at Año Nuevo in
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appear in their fifth to eighth year. Males are slightly longer than the females, growing to about 2.82–3.25 m (9.3–10.7 ft) long and averaging 3 m (9.8 ft) in length. Males have much wider chests, necks, and general forebody structure. Males can weigh between 450–1,120 kg
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Vocalizations are critical to mother-pup pairs, as the mothers must find their pups in a crowded breeding area when they return from foraging. The mother and pup both use distinctive calls, like names, to help differentiate themselves among the crowd of other sea lions. Their aerial vocalizations
549:(990–2,470 lb), weighing on average 544 kg (1,199 lb). Males are further distinguished from females by broader and higher foreheads, flatter snouts, and a thick mane of coarse hair around their large necks. Their Latin name translates roughly as "maned one with the broad forehead".
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Adult animals are lighter in color than most sea lions, ranging from pale yellow to tawny and occasionally reddish. Steller sea lion pups are born almost black, weighing around 23 kg (51 lb), and remain dark in coloration for several months. Females and males both grow rapidly until the
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Steller sea lions are sometimes killed intentionally by fishermen, as they are seen as competitors and a threat to fish stocks. Killing sea lions is strictly prohibited in the US and Russia; however, in Japan, a fixed number are still harvested annually, ostensibly to protect their fisheries. In
489:, who first described them in 1741. Steller sea lions have attracted considerable attention in recent decades, both from scientists and the general public, due to significant (and largely unexplained) declines in their numbers over an extensive portion of their northern range, notably in Alaska.
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Rosen, David A. S.; Hindle, Allyson G.; Gerlinsky, Carling D.; Goundie, Elizabeth; Hastie, Gordon D.; Volpov, Beth L.; Trites, Andrew W. (29 September 2016). "Physiological constraints and energetic costs of diving behaviour in marine mammals: a review of studies using trained
Steller sea lions
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fifth year, after which female growth slows considerably. Adult females measure 2.3–2.9 m (7.5–9.5 ft) in length, on average being 2.5 m (8.2 ft), and weigh 240–350 kg (530–770 lb), with an average of 263 kg (580 lb). Males continue to grow until their
840:, usually on beaches on isolated islands. The larger, older males establish and defend distinct territories on the rookery. A week or so later, adult females arrive, accompanied occasionally by sexually immature offspring, and form fluid aggregations throughout the rookery. Like all other
2140:
Maser, Chris; Mate, Bruce R.; Franklin, Jerry F.; Dyrness, C.T. (1981). "Natural
History of Oregon Coast Mammals". General technical report PNW; 133. Portland, OR: Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service.
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The composition of the diet of
Steller sea lions varies seasonally and geographically; as opportunistic predators, they concentrate on the locally most abundant prey species. In addition to their primary marine environment, they sometimes enter
672:, and rest. Steller sea lions usually congregate on isolated islands because they are the ideal terrestrial habitat. These isolated islands are preferred by Stellar sea lions because they can avoid predation from terrestrial predators, easily
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Pregnant females give birth soon after arriving on a rookery, and copulation generally occurs one to two weeks after giving birth, but the fertilized egg does not become implanted in the uterus until the fall. A fertilized egg may remain in
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factors can influence the amount of time that
Steller sea lions spend on land. Haul-out sites and haul-out abundance of the Steller sea lion can be determined by prey availability, predator abundance, tide levels, weather, etc.
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shifts due to changes in climate, effects of disease or contaminants, shooting by fishermen, and others. The decline is certainly due to a complex of interrelated factors which have yet to be defined by the research effort.
892:. Glide velocity of individual Steller sea lions has been measured as 2.9–3.4 meters or 1.2–1.5 body lengths per second, which is close to the optimal swim velocity of 1.4 body lengths per second based on the minimum
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and behavior. Steller sea lions' dives are more energetically costly if they perform dive bouts. The aerobic diving limit of
Steller sea lions was observed to be affected by their nutritional state and feeding.
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Steller sea lion were hunted for meat and other commodities by prehistoric communities everywhere their range intersected with human communities. Aside from food and clothing, their skin was used to cover
2018:
Higgins, Lesley V.; Costa, Daniel P.; Huntley, Anthony C.; Boeuf, Burney J. (January 1988). "Behavioral and
Physiological Measurements of Maternal Investment in the Steller Sea Lion, Eumetopias Jubatus".
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In the past, the low pup production has been tied to an increase in nutritional stress found in females. This was believed to have contributed to the decline in
Steller sea lions common to Alaska.
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856:. Though researchers are uncertain as to the motives or reasons behind said attacks, it is suggested that the bull involved may have an abnormal personality akin to being psychotic.
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minimum radius of turns, Steller sea lions' maneuverability is similar to that of other eared seals, superior to that of cetaceans, and inferior to that of many fish.
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Kastelein, R. A.; van Schie, R.; Verboom, W. C.; de Haan, D. (2005). "Underwater hearing sensitivity of a male and a female Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus)".
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1067:, there is still concern amongst agencies tasked with managing and monitoring the fish populations; as the Steller sea lions are, themselves, protected under the
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In the summer, Steller sea lions tend to shift their range somewhat southward. Therefore, though there are no reproductive rookeries in Japan, several consistent
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Keyes, M. C. (1968). "The nutrition of pinnipeds", pp. 359–395 in R. J. Harrison, R. C. Hubbard, R. S. Peterson, C. E. Rice, and R. J. Schusterman (eds.)
664:, Steller sea lions are amphibious and spend some time in water and some on land. Typically, Stellar sea lions spend their time in the water feeding but
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of the fore flipper stroke cycle. Although previous findings on eared seals suggested that thrust was generated by the initial outward movement of the
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discards. Most of the data on their foraging comes from data collected off the coast of Alaska; little is known of their foraging behavior elsewhere.
2582:"Predation on an Upper Trophic Marine Predator, the Steller Sea Lion: Evaluating High Juvenile Mortality in a Density Dependent Conceptual Framework"
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Campbell, G. S.; Gisiner, R. C.; Helweg, D. A.; Milette, L. L. (2002). "Acoustic identification of female Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)".
1960:
Higgins, Lesley V. (January 1988). "Behavioral and Physiological Measurements of Maternal Investment in the Steller Sea Lion, Eumetopias jubatus".
1624:"Annual, seasonal and daily variation in the abundance of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens in two breeding colonies in northern Chile"
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936:. This allows them to maximize their oxygen stores and efficiently forage during their dives. In addition to those adaptations, their thick
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1105:, was estimated to have fallen by 70–80% since the 1970s. As a consequence, in 1997 the western stock of Steller sea lions was listed as
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Trites, A. W. (2003). "The decline of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in Alaska: a review of the nutritional stress hypothesis".
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Mathisen, O. A.; Baade, R. T.; Lopp, R. J. (1962). "Breeding Habits, Growth and Stomach Contents of the Steller Sea Lion in Alaska".
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While the populations of the eastern and Asian stocks appear stable, the population of the western stock, particularly along the
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Pitcher, Kenneth W. (1998). "Reproductive Performance of female Steller sea lions: an energetics-based reproductive strategy?".
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Sepúlveda, Maritza; Santos, Macarena; Veas, Rodrigo; Muñoz, Lily; Olea, Danai; Moraga, Rodrigo; Sielfeld, Walter (August 2015).
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1504:"The oldest record of the Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776) from the early Pleistocene of the North Pacific"
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SeaLionPredation.com – news and information on seal and sea lion predation of salmon and steelhead in the Pacific Northwest
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Loughlin, Thomas R.; Rugh, David J.; Fiscus, Clifford H. (1984). "Northern Sea Lion Distribution and Abundance: 1956–80".
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Gentry, R. L. (1970). "Social Behavior of the Steller’s Sea Lion". PhD Thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA.
1017:. A subsistence harvest on the order of 300 animals or less continues to this day in some native communities in Alaska.
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were placed in the open ocean at the University of British Columbia's Open Water Research Station to study their diving
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680:, are commonly used for reproduction while other haul-out sites are used for other purposes like molting. However, both
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also suggests that they are capable of hearing the underwater calls of one of their main predators, the killer whale.
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Historically, the sea lion has had only very slight commercial value. For example, in the 19th century their
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Overview of Steller sea lion research at NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Lab
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Tidwell, Kyle; Carrothers, Brett; Bayley, Kristen; Magill, Lindsay; van der Leeuw, Bjorn (24 January 2019).
1113:. They have since been the object of intense study and the focus of much political and scientific debate in
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communities, or if local culling is deemed necessary, for example, nuisance animals destroying fish farms.
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Reproductively mature male sea lions gather together mid-spring on traditional, well-defined reproductive
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Fifteen years of research into the Alaska populations of Steller Sea Lions at the Alaska SeaLife Center
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Evaluation of Pinniped Predation On Adult Salmonids and Other Fish In The Bonneville Dam Tailrace, 2018
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Fiscus, C. H.; Baines, G. A. (1966). "Food and Feeding Behavior of Steller and California Sea Lions".
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Canada, commercial hunting is prohibited, but limited hunting permits are occasionally granted for
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The largest of the eared seals, Steller sea lions are quick swimmers, about as fast as the smaller
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such as various squid and octopus. They seem to prefer schooling fish and forage primarily between
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2468:. Technical paper no. 198. Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence. Juneau, Alaska
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676:(by means of cooling winds), and access offshore prey more easily. Some haul-out sites, known as
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2263:"Fasting affects the surface and diving metabolic rates of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus"
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in Russia was documented killing and eating several pups in a first-ever recorded incident of
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Size of male (left) and female (middle) compared to a 1.75-metre (5 ft 9 in) human
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Heptner, V. G.; Nasimovich, A. A; Bannikov, Andrei Grigorevich; Hoffmann, Robert S (1988).
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A 2007 study of Steller sea lions found that a majority of thrust was produced during the
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Steller sea lions are top-tier carnivores, but are susceptible to predation, primarily by
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Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) video clips from the BBC archive on Wildlife Finder
2337:"Vocal displays under water by the gray seal, the harbor seal,. And the stellar sea lion"
2304:"Vocal displays under water by the gray seal, the harbor seal,. and the stellar sea lion"
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off the coast of central California to the south. They formerly bred as far south as the
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Seal & Sea Lion Facts of the Columbia River & Adjacent Nearshore Marine Areas
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1710:"Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Diet in the Western Stock of Steller Sea Lions (
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Sandergen, F. E. (1970). 'Breeding and Maternal Behavior of the Steller's Sea Lion (
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pups. Records suggest that the range of their prey species has broadened over time.
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Steller sea lions congregate on Cape of Kekurny rocks in the Bukhta Russkaya of
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species of sea lion, predominantly found in the coastal marine habitats of the
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5431:
5404:
5311:
5261:
4660:
4633:
4561:
4544:
4307:
4280:
4126:
4030:
4014:
3850:
3730:
3570:
3406:
3273:
3065:
3033:
3017:
2213:
1187:
1155:
1106:
948:
756:
752:
713:
661:
625:
621:
466:
412:
371:
Range of Steller sea lions (purple = overall range, red = breeding rookeries)
296:
100:
65:
10043:
2288:
2231:
2048:
1649:
1529:
601:
comprise a third Asian stock, while the sea lions on the eastern seaboard of
10134:
9714:
9704:
9314:
9307:
9290:
9037:
9009:
8979:
8896:
8876:
8822:
8810:
8576:
8512:
8500:
8115:
8050:
7663:
7603:
7389:
7210:
6825:
6817:
6766:
6616:
6502:
6484:
6198:
6032:
5865:
5707:
5673:
5485:
5177:
4451:
3921:
3397:
2965:
2079:
841:
788:
772:
602:
470:
440:
273:
233:
105:
49:
2933:
2730:
2625:
2451:
2408:
2239:
2087:
1547:
638:
2684:
The End of the Line: How overfishing is changing the world and what we eat
1290:
10376:
10277:
10037:
9926:
9882:
9819:
9585:
9341:
9283:
9083:
8849:
8742:
8597:
8488:
8469:
7812:
7275:
7092:
7068:
6429:
6279:
6225:
6161:
6156:
6109:
6041:
5959:
5829:
5578:
5569:
5467:
5422:
5302:
5135:
4959:
4872:
4781:
4771:
4750:
4710:
4597:
4529:
4437:
4428:
3748:
3544:
3297:
3180:
3147:
2996:
2984:
2567:
1010:
776:
748:
744:
737:
669:
633:
286:
253:
95:
90:
75:
70:
60:
10121:
2261:
Svärd, C; Fahlman, A; Rosen, DAS; Joy, R; Trites, A (28 December 2009).
2146:
1120:
One suspected cause of their precipitous decline was the overfishing of
924:
To be able to dive for a long period of time, Steller sea lions exhibit
10430:
10409:
10147:
9687:
9261:
8641:
8194:
8041:
7915:
7630:
7142:
6472:
5938:
5494:
5458:
5325:
5293:
5277:
4790:
4493:
4072:
3553:
3460:
3378:
3306:
3248:
3225:
3118:
2668:
2356:
2335:
Schusterman, Ronald J.; Balliet, Richard F.; St. John, Stanley (1970).
2320:
2303:
2222:
1837:
1799:
1739:
1687:
1520:
1346:
1125:
1109:
and the eastern stock was listed as threatened under the United States
1021:
937:
916:
837:
764:
733:
729:
725:
677:
482:
110:
85:
2443:
2400:
872:
Steller sea lion pup on Antsiferov Island in the Kuril Islands, Russia
10160:
10080:
9694:
8494:
8482:
8298:
8245:
7990:
7678:
7412:
6132:
5793:
5628:
5385:
4822:
3594:
3520:
3469:
3451:
3424:
3345:
3207:
2990:
2978:
1114:
578:
474:
452:
428:
416:
263:
243:
10014:
2721:
2704:
2279:
2262:
2101:
Cheneval, O.; Blake, R.; Trites, Andrew; Chan, K. (1 January 2007).
1934:
1829:
1791:
1679:
1338:
984:
have been described as similar to the bleats of sheep, and bellows.
868:
129:
9321:
8280:
8139:
8082:
7955:
7758:
7615:
7242:
7224:
6847:
6517:
5766:
5751:
4412:
3703:
3198:
1173:
1089:
1078:
1014:
995:
940:
layer and outer fur layer keep their body insulated during dives.
925:
915:
867:
823:
696:
556:
1322:
Loughlin, Thomas R; Perez, Michael A; Merrick, Richard L (1987).
632:
and China. The oldest fossil known of the species was found near
10290:
9348:
7654:
6550:
5875:
5811:
3484:
3216:
2887:
News media report on Steller sea lions and sturgeon interactions
2512:
1144:
In October 2013, the eastern Steller sea lion was taken off the
1129:
1039:
In recent years, Steller sea lions have been known to enter the
10018:
9983:
9441:
8525:
8441:
7346:
6803:
6107:
5259:
4394:
3835:
3015:
2937:
1148:
after a major population comeback over the past several years.
5784:
5393:
3721:
2849:
US National Marine Fisheries Service Steller Sea Lion web page
2466:
The subsistence harvest and use of Steller sea lions in Alaska
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
660:
because of the cooler temperate climate of the area. Like all
2570:. The Economist (16 June 2012). Retrieved on 27 October 2012.
2103:"Turning maneuvers in Steller sea lions (Eumatopias jubatus)"
2862:
Alaska Department of Fish and Game page on Steller sea lions
656:
Steller sea lions tend to live in the coastal waters of the
620:
in the winter and spring. Vagrants have been spotted in the
1731:
10.1644/1545-1542(2002)083<0973:SASDID>2.0.CO;2
1468:
Allen, B. M., and R. P. Angliss (revised 25 November 2008)
1886:) in Alaska', M. S. Thesis, University of Alaska, College.
2302:
Schusterman, R. J.; Balliet, R. F.; John, S. S. (1970).
1897:"Cannibal Sea Lion Kills and Eats Pup—Never Before Seen"
636:, Japan and dates to the late Early Pleistocene, around
577:
of the Steller sea lion extends from the north shore of
2788:"Sea Lion Species Removed from Endangered Species List"
712:
marine predators, feeding on a wide range of fish and
2062:
Stelle, Liu; Blake, R; Trites, Andrew (1 July 2000).
779:. Very occasionally, they have been known to prey on
9915:
9871:
9861:
9831:
9804:
9765:
9730:
9720:
9710:
9700:
9683:
9645:
9621:
9611:
9601:
9591:
9581:
9571:
9561:
9551:
9541:
9531:
9521:
9511:
9455:
9337:
9327:
9303:
9279:
9269:
9246:
9236:
9206:
9176:
9166:
9156:
9146:
9136:
9126:
9116:
9106:
9096:
9063:
9053:
9043:
9005:
8995:
8985:
8975:
8945:
8922:
8912:
8902:
8892:
8882:
8872:
8862:
8838:
8828:
8818:
8795:
8766:
8726:
8716:
8706:
8677:
8615:
8543:
2875:
documentary about the decline of Steller's sea lions
2000:
Los Angeles, University of California Press. p. 200
10366:
10027:
9892:
9845:
9818:
9788:
9779:
9752:
9674:
9644:
9635:
9498:
9454:
9370:
9260:
9220:
9190:
9081:
8966:
8936:
8809:
8780:
8751:
8740:
8691:
8662:
8614:
8542:
8243:
8192:
8183:
8137:
8113:
8080:
8039:
7988:
7954:
7913:
7872:
7855:
7810:
7784:
7775:
7676:
7652:
7628:
7602:
7525:
7470:
7428:
7411:
7387:
7359:
7314:
7273:
7240:
7223:
7164:
7114:
7081:
7055:
6992:
6951:
6918:
6859:
6838:
6816:
6718:
6677:
6649:
6615:
6598:
6548:
6515:
6471:
6428:
6409:
6318:
6277:
6223:
6197:
6173:
6145:
6123:
6067:
6040:
6031:
5972:
5937:
5913:
5889:
5874:
5863:
5764:
5705:
5690:
5617:
5567:
5535:
5520:
5383:
5350:
5324:
5291:
5275:
5175:
5133:
4993:
4958:
4903:
4870:
4820:
4779:
4770:
4749:
4708:
4658:
4632:
4595:
4560:
4543:
4527:
4491:
4450:
4426:
4411:
4358:
4173:
4134:
4125:
4070:
4029:
4011:
3961:
3908:
3859:
3848:
3799:
3701:
3637:
3611:
3583:
3542:
3533:
3482:
3395:
3358:
3332:
3295:
3271:
3262:
3246:
3178:
3145:
3136:
3116:
3074:
3063:
3031:
2854:ARKive – images and movies of the Steller sea lion
2641:"In cold blood: evidence of Pacific sleeper shark (
10534:Taxa named by Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber
2904:NOAA fact sheet on pinnipeds in the Columbia River
1948:Alaska Department of Fish and Game, "Life History"
1950:. Adfg.alaska.gov. Retrieved on 17 December 2011.
1878:
1876:
2424:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
2381:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1502:Tsuzuku, Nahoko; Kohno, Naoki (27 August 2020).
1418:Olesiuk, Peter F, and Bigg, Michael A. (~1984)
1055:, some of which are also listed under the U.S.
1997:The Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea lions, and Walruses.
1866:
1864:
8453:
2949:
2911:De Bestiis Marinis, or, The Beasts of the Sea
1753:
1751:
1749:
1245:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T8239A45225749.en
803:. Shark species are also possible predators:
561:Steller sea lions congregate on rocks in the
8:
2639:Horning, Markus; Mellish, Jo-Ann E. (2014).
1457:Alaska Marine Mammal Stock Assessments, 2009
2464:Haynes, Terry L. and Mishler, Craig (1991)
1024:sold for a penny apiece for use as tobacco-
716:species. Important diet components include
10015:
9980:
9824:
9785:
9758:
9641:
9504:
9451:
9438:
9367:
9089:
8788:
8759:
8748:
8699:
8670:
8539:
8535:
8522:
8460:
8446:
8438:
8189:
7968:
7869:
7790:
7781:
7608:
7425:
7367:
7356:
7343:
7237:
7061:
6856:
6813:
6800:
6732:
6629:
6612:
6477:
6442:
6425:
6203:
6170:
6120:
6104:
6037:
5943:
5886:
5871:
5702:
5547:
5532:
5330:
5288:
5272:
5256:
4964:
4776:
4767:
4638:
4566:
4557:
4540:
4462:
4423:
4408:
4404:
4391:
4355:
4131:
4041:
4026:
4008:
3914:
3856:
3845:
3832:
3617:
3539:
3338:
3268:
3259:
3142:
3133:
3129:
3113:
3071:
3060:
3039:
3028:
3012:
2956:
2942:
2934:
2823:. Vol. II, part 3. Washington, D.C.:
2064:"Hydrodynamic drag in Steller sea lions ("
668:onto land to reproduce, raise their pups,
362:
197:
175:
149:
128:
38:
2720:
2667:
2615:
2605:
2355:
2319:
2278:
2221:
2154:
1811:
1809:
1729:
1708:Sinclair, E. H.; Zeppelin, T. K. (2002).
1639:
1628:Revista de BiologĂa Marina y OceanografĂa
1537:
1519:
1459:. (PDF) . Retrieved on 16 September 2011.
1243:
485:is named for the naturalist and explorer
2909:Georg Steller's original description in
2542:. US National Marine Fisheries Service .
1759:The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds
1590:Gentry, Roger L. (2009), "Eared Seals",
959:
775:and feed on brackish-water fish such as
2844:Marine Mammal Center – Steller Sea Lion
1433:"Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus)"
1199:
2181:
2170:
1075:Recent decline and subsequent recovery
10459:IUCN Red List near threatened species
1916:
1914:
1761:. Appleton, Century-Crofts, New York.
1661:
1659:
1585:
1583:
1312:. Northwest Regional Office. noaa.gov
1291:Steller Sea Lions, Eumetopias jubatus
1132:and sharks, indirect effects of prey
7:
10436:F0238262-853D-4A1F-9DC6-C12339E9E8B2
2705:"Is this any way to save a species?"
1470:NOAA-TM-AFSC-206. STELLER SEA LION (
10524:Fauna of the San Francisco Bay Area
4326:South African small-spotted genet (
2580:Horning, M; Mellish, J. A. (2012).
2558:. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
2202:Journal of Comparative Physiology B
2068:The Journal of Experimental Biology
1563:"Steller Sea Lion | NOAA Fisheries"
1231:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
828:Adult bull, females, and pups near
465:, and the largest of the so-called
10484:Fauna of the Western United States
2929:Sea lions ward off attacking orcas
2645:) predation on Steller sea lions (
2041:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1988.tb00181.x
1982:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1988.tb00181.x
1668:The Journal of Wildlife Management
1600:10.1016/b978-0-12-373553-9.00083-3
1420:Marine mammals in British Columbia
708:Steller sea lions are skilled and
25:
4670:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (
920:Sea lion releasing air underwater
455:'s northern coastline. It is the
431:. Its range continues across the
9966:
9424:
9418:
9411:
2766:10.1046/j.1365-2907.2003.00009.x
2127:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2006.00094.x
1903:. 16 August 2017. Archived from
1379:. New York City: DK Publishing.
1220:Gelatt, T.; Sweeney, K. (2016).
1172:
1158:
1063:. Though not as abundant as the
811:may prey on juvenile sea lions.
529:
515:
501:
220:
1641:10.4067/S0718-19572015000300001
1561:Fisheries, NOAA (29 May 2018).
943:Trained Steller sea lions from
10464:NatureServe vulnerable species
10000:List of fossil pinnipedimorphs
2568:Biodiversity: Pity the copepod
1852:"Alaska | NOAA Fisheries"
1594:, Elsevier, pp. 339–342,
1592:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals
137:Adult male, female and pup on
1:
4082:Malabar large-spotted civet (
1096:Royal British Columbia Museum
609:belong to the western stock.
10504:Mammals of the United States
8344:Indonesian mountain weasel (
8000:North American river otter (
6888:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (
3942:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii
2607:10.1371/journal.pone.0030173
2515:, March 2008, archived from
1490:)" Seal Conservation Society
1375:Kindersley, Dorling (2001).
1146:U.S. Endangered Species List
1069:Marine Mammal Protection Act
5205:Somalian slender mongoose (
2829:National Science Foundation
2820:Mammals of the Soviet Union
2490:10.13140/rg.2.2.33686.60482
2200:diving in the open ocean".
1923:Canadian Journal of Zoology
934:peripheral vasoconstriction
628:and along the coast of the
10550:
10509:Pinnipeds of North America
10479:Fauna of the Pacific Ocean
8158:Asian small-clawed otter (
6897:American hog-nosed skunk (
6879:Molina's hog-nosed skunk (
5187:Angolan slender mongoose (
4882:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (
3931:Small-toothed palm civet (
1267:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0"
896:for California sea lions.
751:, salmon, sand lance, and
29:
10469:Mammals described in 1776
9990:
9979:
9964:
9827:
9761:
9507:
9450:
9437:
9408:
9366:
9092:
8791:
8762:
8702:
8673:
8538:
8534:
8521:
8477:
8063:
7971:
7925:Saharan striped polecat (
7896:
7793:
7611:
7370:
7355:
7342:
7064:
6906:Striped hog-nosed skunk (
6812:
6799:
6735:
6637:Mediterranean monk seal (
6632:
6480:
6445:
6366:Juan Fernández fur seal (
6330:South American fur seal (
6301:
6265:South American sea lion (
6260:
6206:
6119:
6103:
5946:
5738:
5647:South American gray fox (
5591:
5550:
5333:
5271:
5255:
5223:Common slender mongoose (
5089:
4967:
4853:
4803:
4696:Narrow-striped mongoose (
4691:
4641:
4569:
4465:
4407:
4403:
4390:
4354:
4218:Crested servaline genet (
4044:
4007:
3917:
3844:
3831:
3620:
3566:
3341:
3132:
3112:
3059:
3042:
3027:
3011:
2973:
2214:10.1007/s00360-016-1035-8
815:Behavior and life history
370:
361:
342:
335:
217:Scientific classification
215:
195:
173:
164:
157:
148:
136:
127:
41:
8281:Stoat/Beringian ermine (
8149:African clawless otter (
7901:African striped weasel (
7714:Yellow-throated marten (
7590:Formosan ferret-badger (
7294:Western mountain coati (
7285:Eastern mountain coati (
7202:Western lowland olingo (
7184:Eastern lowland olingo (
7012:Southern spotted skunk (
6706:Southern elephant seal (
6697:Northern elephant seal (
6487:Pagophilus groenlandicus
5264:("dog-like" carnivorans)
5077:Stripe-necked mongoose (
4698:Mungotictis decemlineata
3573:Herpailurus yagouaroundi
3020:("cat-like" carnivorans)
2649:) in the Gulf of Alaska"
1271:explorer.natureserve.org
992:Interactions with humans
844:, Steller sea lions are
30:Not to be confused with
8326:Yellow-bellied weasel (
7581:Burmese ferret-badger (
7563:Chinese ferret-badger (
7554:Bornean ferret badger (
7545:Vietnam ferret-badger (
7030:Eastern spotted skunk (
7021:Western spotted skunk (
6751:Leptonychotes weddellii
6393:Subantarctic fur seal (
6339:Australasian fur seal (
5163:Black-footed mongoose (
5145:Bushy-tailed mongoose (
5094:White-tailed mongoose (
5032:Indian brown mongoose (
5014:Short-tailed mongoose (
5005:Small Indian mongoose (
4942:Flat-headed kusimanse (
4915:Alexander's kusimanse (
4891:Common dwarf mongoose (
4858:Pousargues's mongoose (
4720:Brown-tailed mongoose (
4679:Grandidier's mongoose (
3933:Arctogalidia trivirgata
3157:Sunda clouded leopard (
2825:Smithsonian Institution
2686:. Ebury Press, London.
2682:Clover, Charles. 2004.
2156:2027/uc1.31822028174480
2080:10.1242/jeb.203.12.1915
1094:Taxidermied specimens,
616:sites are found around
546:secondary sexual traits
477:and the two species of
401:northeast Pacific Ocean
18:Steller's Sea Lion
10529:ESA endangered species
8167:Congo clawless otter (
8070:Hydrictis maculicollis
8068:Spotted-necked otter (
8027:Southern river otter (
7978:Pteronura brasiliensis
7741:European pine marten (
7252:South American coati (
6980:Palawan stink badger (
6306:New Zealand sea lion (
5371:Japanese raccoon dog (
5068:Crab-eating mongoose (
5023:Indian grey mongoose (
4646:Ring-tailed vontsira (
4457:(bone-crushing hyenas)
4152:Central African oyan (
3713:Chinese mountain cat (
2180:Cite journal requires
1901:nationalgeographic.com
1567:www.fisheries.noaa.gov
1492:Accessed 25 April 2013
1474:): Eastern U. S. Stock
1111:Endangered Species Act
1098:
1087:
1057:Endangered Species Act
1005:
1000:Sea lions haul out on
976:
921:
873:
833:
705:
639:1.36 to 0.83
585:in the north, down to
570:
10312:Paleobiology Database
8472:and their stem-allies
8407:Back-striped weasel (
8353:Black-footed ferret (
8125:Smooth-coated otter (
7903:Poecilogale albinucha
7572:Javan ferret-badger (
7458:Sumatran hog badger (
7440:Northern hog badger (
7134:Crab-eating raccoon (
7039:Pygmy spotted skunk (
6760:Lobodon carcinophagus
6496:Histriophoca fasciata
6289:Australian sea lion (
6235:California sea lion (
5984:American black bear (
5726:Black-backed jackal (
5717:Side-striped jackal (
5557:Chrysocyon brachyurus
4981:Long-nosed mongoose (
4254:Rusty-spotted genet (
4091:Large-spotted civet (
3940:Sulawesi palm civet (
3869:Owston's palm civet (
3443:Andean mountain cat (
2107:Marine Mammal Science
2021:Marine Mammal Science
1962:Marine Mammal Science
1308:19 March 2012 at the
1093:
1082:
999:
970:
919:
871:
827:
700:
560:
487:Georg Wilhelm Steller
411:, from north-central
8222:Long-tailed weasel (
7800:Lyncodon patagonicus
7449:Greater hog badger (
6971:Sunda stink badger (
6661:Hawaiian monk seal (
6384:Guadalupe fur seal (
6357:Antarctic fur seal (
6348:Galápagos fur seal (
6244:Galápagos sea lion (
5362:Common raccoon dog (
5214:Cape gray mongoose (
5154:Jackson's mongoose (
5114:Paracynictis selousi
5105:Cynictis penicillata
4729:Durrell's vontsira (
4317:Giant forest genet (
4109:Large Indian civet (
4049:Small Indian civet (
3658:Sunda leopard cat (
3434:Southern tiger cat (
3370:African golden cat (
3047:African palm civet (
2892:3 March 2016 at the
2880:17 June 2008 at the
2856:(Eumetopias jubatus)
2703:Dalton, Rex (2005).
1994:Riedman, M. (1990).
1818:Journal of Mammalogy
1780:Journal of Mammalogy
1718:Journal of Mammalogy
1408:Animal Diversity Web
1324:"Eumetopias jubatus"
1238:: e.T8239A45225749.
1043:estuary and feed on
890:California sea lions
27:Species of carnivore
8265:M. aistoodonnivalis
8101:Hairy-nosed otter (
8018:Neotropical otter (
7798:Patagonian weasel (
7261:White-nosed coati (
6461:Cystophora cristata
6452:Erignathus barbatus
6185:Northern fur seal (
5962:Helarctos malayanus
5598:Atelocynus microtis
5305:U. cinereoargenteus
5196:Egyptian mongoose (
5123:Rhynchogale melleri
5121:Meller's mongoose (
5112:Selous's mongoose (
5096:Ichneumia albicauda
5050:Collared mongoose (
4924:Angolan kusimanse (
4808:Liberian mongoose (
4161:West African oyan (
4060:Civettictis civetta
3991:Golden palm civet (
3949:Masked palm civet (
3924:Arctictis binturong
3898:Hemigalus derbyanus
3896:Banded palm civet (
3887:Hose's palm civet (
3676:Rusty-spotted cat (
2643:Somniosus pacificus
2598:2012PLoSO...730173H
2436:2005ASAJ..118.1820K
2393:2002ASAJ..111.2920C
2344:Psychonomic Science
2308:Psychonomic Science
2147:10.2737/pnw-gtr-133
2119:2007MMamS..23...94C
2033:1988MMamS...4...44H
1974:1988MMamS...4...44H
1857:. 7 September 2021.
1486:"Steller Sea Lion (
1399:Keranen, Danielle.
1134:species composition
1065:California sea lion
761:continental shelves
469:(Otariidae). Among
167:Conservation status
10086:eumetopias-jubatus
10059:Eumetopias jubatus
10029:Eumetopias jubatus
8380:European polecat (
8213:Colombian weasel (
7863:(African polecats)
7491:Caucasian badger (
7419:(Eurasian badgers)
6869:(hog-nosed skunks)
6606:("southern seals")
6505:Halichoerus grypus
6436:("northern seals")
6308:Phocarctos hookeri
6213:Eumetopias jubatus
6211:Steller sea lion (
5993:Asian black bear (
5743:African wild dog (
5697:(wolf-like canids)
4974:Atilax paludinosus
4933:Common kusimanse (
4860:Dologale dybowskii
4832:Gambian mongoose (
4616:Western falanouc (
4607:Eastern falanouc (
4576:Cryptoprocta ferox
4481:Parahyaena brunnea
4236:Johnston's genet (
4191:Abyssinian genet (
4143:(African linsangs)
4051:Viverricula indica
3982:Brown palm civet (
3973:Asian palm civet (
3880:Cynogale bennettii
3871:Chrotogale owstoni
3767:European wildcat (
3758:Black-footed cat (
3348:Leptailurus serval
3316:Asian golden cat (
3082:(Asiatic linsangs)
2669:10.7755/FB.112.4.6
2647:Eumetopias jubatus
2554:Eumetopias jubatus
2552:Steller sea lion (
2357:10.3758/bf03331839
2321:10.3758/bf03331839
2074:(Pt 12): 1915–23.
1907:on 16 August 2017.
1884:Eumetopias jubatus
1712:Eumetopias jubatus
1521:10.7717/peerj.9709
1488:Eumetopias jubatus
1472:Eumetopias jubatus
1404:. Steller sea lion
1402:Eumetopias jubatus
1224:Eumetopias jubatus
1166:Marine life portal
1099:
1088:
1006:
977:
945:Vancouver Aquarium
922:
874:
862:embryonic diapause
834:
781:northern fur seals
706:
571:
389:Steller's sea lion
384:Eumetopias jubatus
346:Eumetopias jubatus
10514:Pinnipeds of Asia
10499:Mammals of Russia
10489:Mammals of Canada
10446:
10445:
10299:Open Tree of Life
10021:Taxon identifiers
10012:
10011:
10008:
10007:
9995:List of pinnipeds
9975:
9974:
9962:
9961:
9958:
9957:
9954:
9953:
9950:
9949:
9748:
9747:
9744:
9743:
9433:
9432:
9406:
9405:
9402:
9401:
9398:
9397:
9394:
9393:
9390:
9389:
9362:
9361:
9358:
9357:
9077:
9076:
8658:
8657:
8547:Amphicynodontidae
8435:
8434:
8431:
8430:
8427:
8426:
8423:
8422:
8419:
8418:
8398:Siberian weasel (
8389:American ermine (
8317:Japanese weasel (
8272:Mountain weasel (
8256:
8179:
8178:
7965:
7950:
7949:
7946:
7945:
7934:Striped polecat (
7884:Marbled polecat (
7866:
7851:
7850:
7823:
7771:
7770:
7750:Japanese marten (
7696:American marten (
7689:
7547:M. cucphuongensis
7538:
7521:
7520:
7509:European badger (
7482:Japanese badger (
7422:
7375:American badger (
7338:
7337:
7334:
7333:
7310:
7309:
7306:
7305:
7234:
7193:Northern olingo (
7177:
7152:Cozumel raccoon (
7127:
7051:
7050:
7005:
6964:
6872:
6853:
6795:
6794:
6791:
6790:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6779:
6778:
6769:Ommatophoca rossi
6742:Hydrurga leptonyx
6729:
6726:(Antarctic seals)
6699:M. angustirostris
6690:
6673:
6672:
6639:Monachus monachus
6626:
6609:
6594:
6593:
6590:
6589:
6439:
6422:
6405:
6404:
6267:Otaria flavescens
6256:
6255:
6167:
6135:Odobenus rosmarus
6099:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6087:
6086:
6050:
6027:
6026:
6023:
6022:
5925:Spectacled bear (
5883:
5859:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5699:
5686:
5685:
5605:Crab-eating fox (
5596:Short-eared dog (
5544:
5529:
5516:
5515:
5398:
5340:Otocyon megalotis
5284:
5251:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5103:Yellow mongoose (
4954:
4953:
4841:Banded mongoose (
4810:Liberiictus kuhni
4764:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4628:
4627:
4554:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4459:
4420:
4386:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4350:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4290:Servaline genet (
4209:Bourlon's genet (
4184:
4145:
4121:
4120:
4003:
4002:
3975:P. hermaphroditus
3827:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3740:African wildcat (
3697:
3696:
3667:Flat-headed cat (
3607:
3606:
3391:
3390:
3328:
3327:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3166:Clouded leopard (
3125:
3100:Spotted linsang (
3084:
3049:Nandinia binotata
2444:10.1121/1.1992650
2401:10.1121/1.1474443
1929:(11): 2075–2083.
1386:978-0-7894-7764-4
1331:Mammalian Species
1303:Steller Sea Lions
968:
894:cost of transport
641:million years ago
607:Commander Islands
439:, all the way to
405:Pacific Northwest
393:northern sea lion
375:
374:
317:
210:
190:
141:in the northeast
32:Steller's sea cow
16:(Redirected from
10541:
10494:Mammals of Japan
10439:
10438:
10426:
10425:
10413:
10412:
10400:
10399:
10387:
10386:
10385:
10359:
10358:
10346:
10345:
10333:
10332:
10320:
10319:
10307:
10306:
10294:
10293:
10281:
10280:
10268:
10267:
10265:steller-sea-lion
10255:
10254:
10242:
10241:
10229:
10228:
10216:
10215:
10203:
10202:
10190:
10189:
10177:
10176:
10164:
10163:
10151:
10150:
10138:
10137:
10125:
10124:
10115:
10114:
10102:
10101:
10089:
10088:
10076:
10075:
10063:
10062:
10061:
10048:
10047:
10046:
10016:
9981:
9970:
9917:
9873:
9863:
9833:
9825:
9806:
9786:
9767:
9759:
9732:
9722:
9712:
9702:
9685:
9647:
9642:
9623:
9613:
9603:
9593:
9583:
9573:
9563:
9553:
9543:
9533:
9523:
9513:
9505:
9457:
9452:
9439:
9428:
9422:
9416:
9415:
9368:
9339:
9329:
9305:
9281:
9271:
9248:
9238:
9208:
9178:
9168:
9158:
9148:
9138:
9128:
9118:
9108:
9098:
9090:
9065:
9055:
9045:
9007:
8997:
8987:
8977:
8947:
8924:
8914:
8904:
8894:
8884:
8874:
8864:
8840:
8830:
8820:
8797:
8789:
8768:
8760:
8749:
8728:
8718:
8708:
8700:
8679:
8671:
8617:
8545:
8540:
8536:
8523:
8462:
8455:
8448:
8439:
8371:Malayan weasel (
8290:Steppe polecat (
8263:Sichuan weasel (
8255:
8254:
8250:
8190:
8127:L. perspicillata
8092:Eurasian otter (
7969:
7964:
7963:
7959:
7870:
7865:
7864:
7860:
7839:Greater grison (
7822:
7821:
7817:
7791:
7782:
7732:Nilgiri marten (
7705:Pacific marten (
7688:
7687:
7683:
7609:
7592:M. subaurantiaca
7537:
7536:
7535:(ferret-badgers)
7532:
7426:
7421:
7420:
7416:
7368:
7357:
7344:
7238:
7233:
7232:
7228:
7176:
7175:
7171:
7126:
7125:
7121:
7062:
7004:
7003:
7002:(spotted skunks)
6999:
6963:
6962:
6958:
6871:
6870:
6866:
6857:
6852:
6851:
6843:
6814:
6801:
6758:Crabeater seal (
6733:
6728:
6727:
6723:
6689:
6688:
6687:(elephant seals)
6684:
6663:N. schauinslandi
6630:
6625:
6624:
6620:
6613:
6608:
6607:
6603:
6478:
6443:
6438:
6437:
6433:
6426:
6421:
6420:
6414:
6375:Brown fur seal (
6350:A. galapagoensis
6237:Z. californianus
6204:
6171:
6166:
6165:
6151:
6121:
6113:
6105:
6049:
6048:
6044:
6038:
5953:Melursus ursinus
5944:
5887:
5882:
5879:
5872:
5839:Ethiopian wolf (
5703:
5698:
5695:
5548:
5543:
5540:
5533:
5528:
5525:
5414:Blanford's fox (
5397:
5390:
5331:
5289:
5283:
5280:
5273:
5265:
5257:
5059:Ruddy mongoose (
5041:Javan mongoose (
4972:Marsh mongoose (
4965:
4944:C. platycephalus
4777:
4768:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4639:
4583:Malagasy civet (
4567:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4541:
4536:
4463:
4458:
4455:
4424:
4419:
4416:
4409:
4405:
4392:
4356:
4183:
4180:
4144:
4141:
4132:
4042:
4038:
4027:
4022:
4009:
3915:
3857:
3846:
3833:
3627:Otocolobus manul
3618:
3540:
3416:Geoffroy's cat (
3339:
3269:
3260:
3255:
3143:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3114:
3091:Banded linsang (
3083:
3080:
3072:
3061:
3040:
3029:
3021:
3013:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2935:
2832:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2724:
2700:
2694:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2656:Fishery Bulletin
2653:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2619:
2609:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2549:
2543:
2540:Steller Sea Lion
2537:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2521:
2510:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2475:
2469:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2430:(3): 1820–1829.
2419:
2413:
2412:
2387:(6): 2920–2928.
2376:
2370:
2369:
2359:
2341:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2282:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2225:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2183:
2178:
2176:
2168:
2158:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2015:
2009:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1893:
1887:
1880:
1871:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1813:
1804:
1803:
1775:
1762:
1755:
1744:
1743:
1733:
1705:
1692:
1691:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1643:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1587:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1541:
1523:
1499:
1493:
1483:
1477:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1429:
1423:
1416:
1410:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1355:
1349:. Archived from
1328:
1319:
1313:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1217:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1103:Aleutian Islands
1085:Vancouver Island
969:
757:intertidal zones
642:
630:Korean Peninsula
587:Año Nuevo Island
581:in Japan to the
567:British Columbia
533:
519:
505:
481:are bigger. The
437:Aleutian Islands
433:Northern Pacific
425:British Columbia
387:, also known as
379:Steller sea lion
366:
348:
312:
225:
224:
204:
201:
200:
184:
179:
178:
153:
132:
122:
52:
45:Temporal range:
42:Steller sea lion
39:
21:
10549:
10548:
10544:
10543:
10542:
10540:
10539:
10538:
10519:Holarctic fauna
10449:
10448:
10447:
10442:
10434:
10429:
10421:
10416:
10408:
10403:
10395:
10390:
10381:
10380:
10375:
10362:
10354:
10349:
10341:
10336:
10328:
10323:
10315:
10310:
10302:
10297:
10289:
10284:
10276:
10273:Observation.org
10271:
10263:
10258:
10250:
10245:
10237:
10232:
10224:
10219:
10211:
10206:
10198:
10193:
10185:
10180:
10172:
10167:
10159:
10154:
10146:
10141:
10133:
10128:
10120:
10118:
10110:
10105:
10097:
10092:
10084:
10079:
10071:
10066:
10057:
10056:
10051:
10042:
10041:
10036:
10023:
10013:
10004:
9986:
9971:
9946:
9888:
9841:
9814:
9775:
9740:
9670:
9631:
9536:Kamtschatarctos
9494:
9459:Desmatophocidae
9446:
9429:
9410:
9386:
9354:
9256:
9216:
9186:
9086:
9073:
8962:
8932:
8805:
8785:
8776:
8756:
8745:
8736:
8696:
8694:Pinnipediformes
8687:
8667:
8665:Pinnipedimorpha
8654:
8610:
8530:
8517:
8473:
8466:
8436:
8415:
8391:M. richardsonii
8335:European mink (
8252:
8251:
8249:
8239:
8231:American mink (
8204:Amazon weasel (
8175:
8133:
8109:
8076:
8059:
8035:
7984:
7961:
7960:
7958:
7942:
7909:
7892:
7862:
7861:
7859:
7847:
7830:Lesser grison (
7819:
7818:
7816:
7806:
7767:
7685:
7684:
7682:
7672:
7648:
7624:
7598:
7534:
7533:
7531:
7517:
7466:
7418:
7417:
7415:
7407:
7383:
7364:
7351:
7330:
7302:
7269:
7230:
7229:
7227:
7219:
7173:
7172:
7170:
7160:
7123:
7122:
7120:
7110:
7077:
7047:
7014:S. angustifrons
7001:
7000:
6998:
6988:
6961:(stink badgers)
6960:
6959:
6957:
6947:
6939:Striped skunk (
6914:
6908:C. semistriatus
6868:
6867:
6865:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6834:
6828:Ailurus fulgens
6808:
6775:
6725:
6724:
6722:
6714:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6669:
6645:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6586:
6544:
6511:
6467:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6418:
6416:
6415:
6413:
6401:
6314:
6297:
6273:
6252:
6219:
6193:
6160:
6155:
6153:
6152:
6150:
6146:
6141:
6115:
6111:
6083:
6063:
6046:
6045:
6019:
5968:
5933:
5909:
5880:
5878:
5868:
5847:
5776:Golden jackal (
5760:
5734:
5696:
5694:
5682:
5613:
5607:Cerdocyon thous
5587:
5563:
5541:
5539:
5526:
5524:
5512:
5477:RĂĽppell's fox (
5391:
5389:
5379:
5364:N. procyonoides
5346:
5338:Bat-eared fox (
5320:
5285:
5281:
5267:
5263:
5231:
5216:H. pulverulenta
5171:
5129:
5085:
5052:U. semitorquata
5007:U. auropunctata
4989:
4950:
4899:
4866:
4849:
4816:
4799:
4761:
4759:
4754:
4753:
4737:
4704:
4687:
4654:
4648:Galidia elegans
4624:
4591:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4537:
4532:
4511:
4503:Spotted hyena (
4487:
4470:Striped hyena (
4456:
4454:
4446:
4417:
4415:
4399:
4374:
4334:
4272:Aquatic genet (
4263:Pardine genet (
4200:Angolan genet (
4181:
4179:
4169:
4154:P. richardsonii
4142:
4140:
4117:
4100:Malayan civet (
4066:
4058:African civet (
4034:
4033:
4023:
4018:
4017:
4013:
3999:
3957:
3904:
3889:Diplogale hosei
3853:
3840:
3815:
3775:
3693:
3633:
3613:
3603:
3579:
3562:
3535:
3529:
3503:Eurasian lynx (
3478:
3387:
3354:
3334:
3324:
3291:
3264:
3256:
3251:
3234:
3174:
3126:
3122:
3108:
3081:
3068:
3055:
3036:
3023:
3019:
3007:
2969:
2962:
2894:Wayback Machine
2882:Wayback Machine
2840:
2835:
2816:
2812:
2810:Further reading
2807:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2722:10.1038/436014a
2702:
2701:
2697:
2681:
2677:
2651:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2550:
2546:
2538:
2534:
2525:
2523:
2522:on 23 July 2012
2519:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2463:
2459:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2280:10.3354/ab00211
2267:Aquatic Biology
2260:
2259:
2255:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2179:
2169:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2017:
2016:
2012:
1993:
1989:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1935:10.1139/z98-149
1920:
1919:
1912:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1881:
1874:
1869:
1862:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1830:10.2307/1378115
1815:
1814:
1807:
1792:10.2307/1376909
1777:
1776:
1765:
1756:
1747:
1707:
1706:
1695:
1680:10.2307/3801420
1665:
1664:
1657:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1589:
1588:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1484:
1480:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1417:
1413:
1398:
1394:
1387:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1359:
1357:
1356:on 3 March 2016
1353:
1339:10.2307/3503908
1326:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1310:Wayback Machine
1301:
1297:
1293:. marinebio.org
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1250:
1248:
1219:
1218:
1201:
1196:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1077:
994:
960:
958:
914:
886:
822:
817:
797:
718:walleye pollock
695:
654:
649:
637:
591:Channel Islands
555:
541:
540:
539:
538:
537:
534:
525:
524:
523:
520:
511:
510:
509:
506:
495:
397:near-threatened
357:
350:
344:
331:
328:E. jubatus
311:
219:
211:
202:
198:
191:
182:Near Threatened
180:
176:
169:
160:
123:
121:
120:
119:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
47:
46:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10547:
10545:
10537:
10536:
10531:
10526:
10521:
10516:
10511:
10506:
10501:
10496:
10491:
10486:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10451:
10450:
10444:
10443:
10441:
10440:
10427:
10414:
10401:
10388:
10372:
10370:
10364:
10363:
10361:
10360:
10347:
10334:
10321:
10308:
10295:
10282:
10269:
10256:
10243:
10230:
10217:
10204:
10191:
10178:
10165:
10152:
10139:
10126:
10116:
10103:
10090:
10077:
10064:
10049:
10033:
10031:
10025:
10024:
10019:
10010:
10009:
10006:
10005:
10003:
10002:
9997:
9991:
9988:
9987:
9984:
9977:
9976:
9973:
9972:
9965:
9963:
9960:
9959:
9956:
9955:
9952:
9951:
9948:
9947:
9945:
9944:
9937:
9930:
9923:
9913:
9906:
9898:
9896:
9890:
9889:
9887:
9886:
9879:
9869:
9859:
9851:
9849:
9843:
9842:
9840:
9839:
9828:
9822:
9816:
9815:
9813:
9812:
9802:
9794:
9792:
9783:
9777:
9776:
9774:
9773:
9762:
9756:
9750:
9749:
9746:
9745:
9742:
9741:
9739:
9738:
9728:
9718:
9708:
9698:
9691:
9680:
9678:
9672:
9671:
9669:
9668:
9661:
9653:
9651:
9639:
9633:
9632:
9630:
9629:
9619:
9609:
9599:
9589:
9579:
9569:
9559:
9549:
9539:
9529:
9519:
9516:Archaeodobenus
9508:
9502:
9496:
9495:
9493:
9492:
9485:
9478:
9471:
9463:
9461:
9448:
9447:
9442:
9435:
9434:
9431:
9430:
9409:
9407:
9404:
9403:
9400:
9399:
9396:
9395:
9392:
9391:
9388:
9387:
9385:
9384:
9383:
9382:
9376:
9374:
9364:
9363:
9360:
9359:
9356:
9355:
9353:
9352:
9345:
9335:
9325:
9318:
9311:
9301:
9294:
9287:
9277:
9266:
9264:
9258:
9257:
9255:
9254:
9244:
9234:
9226:
9224:
9218:
9217:
9215:
9214:
9204:
9196:
9194:
9188:
9187:
9185:
9184:
9174:
9164:
9154:
9144:
9134:
9124:
9114:
9104:
9093:
9087:
9082:
9079:
9078:
9075:
9074:
9072:
9071:
9061:
9058:Properiptychus
9051:
9041:
9034:
9027:
9020:
9013:
9003:
8993:
8983:
8972:
8970:
8964:
8963:
8961:
8960:
8953:
8942:
8940:
8934:
8933:
8931:
8930:
8920:
8910:
8900:
8890:
8880:
8870:
8860:
8853:
8846:
8836:
8826:
8815:
8813:
8807:
8806:
8804:
8803:
8792:
8786:
8781:
8778:
8777:
8775:
8774:
8763:
8757:
8752:
8746:
8741:
8738:
8737:
8735:
8734:
8724:
8714:
8703:
8697:
8692:
8689:
8688:
8686:
8685:
8674:
8668:
8663:
8660:
8659:
8656:
8655:
8653:
8652:
8645:
8638:
8631:
8623:
8621:
8612:
8611:
8609:
8608:
8601:
8594:
8587:
8580:
8573:
8566:
8559:
8551:
8549:
8532:
8531:
8528:Pan-Pinnipedia
8526:
8519:
8518:
8516:
8515:
8509:
8503:
8497:
8491:
8485:
8478:
8475:
8474:
8467:
8465:
8464:
8457:
8450:
8442:
8433:
8432:
8429:
8428:
8425:
8424:
8421:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8414:
8413:
8409:M. strigidorsa
8404:
8395:
8386:
8377:
8368:
8362:Least weasel (
8359:
8350:
8341:
8332:
8323:
8314:
8308:Haida ermine (
8305:
8296:
8292:M. eversmannii
8287:
8278:
8269:
8259:
8257:
8241:
8240:
8238:
8237:
8228:
8219:
8210:
8200:
8198:
8187:
8181:
8180:
8177:
8176:
8174:
8173:
8164:
8155:
8145:
8143:
8135:
8134:
8132:
8131:
8121:
8119:
8111:
8110:
8108:
8107:
8098:
8088:
8086:
8078:
8077:
8075:
8074:
8064:
8061:
8060:
8058:
8057:
8047:
8045:
8037:
8036:
8034:
8033:
8024:
8020:L. longicaudis
8015:
8009:Marine otter (
8006:
7996:
7994:
7986:
7985:
7983:
7982:
7972:
7966:
7952:
7951:
7948:
7947:
7944:
7943:
7941:
7940:
7931:
7921:
7919:
7911:
7910:
7908:
7907:
7897:
7894:
7893:
7891:
7890:
7880:
7878:
7867:
7853:
7852:
7849:
7848:
7846:
7845:
7836:
7826:
7824:
7808:
7807:
7805:
7804:
7794:
7788:
7779:
7773:
7772:
7769:
7768:
7766:
7765:
7756:
7747:
7738:
7729:
7723:Beech marten (
7720:
7711:
7702:
7692:
7690:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7670:
7660:
7658:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7646:
7636:
7634:
7626:
7625:
7623:
7622:
7612:
7606:
7600:
7599:
7597:
7596:
7587:
7578:
7569:
7560:
7551:
7541:
7539:
7523:
7522:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7515:
7506:
7500:Asian badger (
7497:
7488:
7478:
7476:
7468:
7467:
7465:
7464:
7455:
7446:
7442:A. albogularis
7436:
7434:
7423:
7409:
7408:
7406:
7405:
7399:Honey badger (
7395:
7393:
7385:
7384:
7382:
7381:
7371:
7365:
7360:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7340:
7339:
7336:
7335:
7332:
7331:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7326:
7320:
7318:
7312:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7304:
7303:
7301:
7300:
7291:
7281:
7279:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7267:
7258:
7248:
7246:
7235:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7217:
7208:
7199:
7190:
7180:
7178:
7162:
7161:
7159:
7158:
7149:
7140:
7136:P. cancrivorus
7130:
7128:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7104:B. sumichrasti
7099:
7089:
7087:
7079:
7078:
7076:
7075:
7065:
7059:
7053:
7052:
7049:
7048:
7046:
7045:
7036:
7027:
7018:
7008:
7006:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6986:
6977:
6967:
6965:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6945:
6936:
6930:Hooded skunk (
6926:
6924:
6916:
6915:
6913:
6912:
6903:
6894:
6885:
6875:
6873:
6854:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6832:
6822:
6820:
6810:
6809:
6804:
6797:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6789:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6781:
6780:
6777:
6776:
6774:
6773:
6764:
6755:
6749:Weddell seal (
6746:
6740:Leopard seal (
6736:
6730:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6712:
6703:
6693:
6691:
6675:
6674:
6671:
6670:
6668:
6667:
6657:
6655:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6643:
6633:
6627:
6610:
6596:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6575:
6566:
6560:Caspian seal (
6556:
6554:
6546:
6545:
6543:
6542:
6533:
6527:Spotted seal (
6523:
6521:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6509:
6500:
6491:
6481:
6475:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6465:
6456:
6450:Bearded seal (
6446:
6440:
6423:
6419:or true seals)
6417:(earless seals
6407:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6400:
6399:
6390:
6381:
6372:
6363:
6354:
6345:
6336:
6326:
6324:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6312:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6295:
6285:
6283:
6275:
6274:
6272:
6271:
6261:
6258:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6250:
6241:
6231:
6229:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6217:
6207:
6201:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6191:
6181:
6179:
6168:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6129:
6127:
6117:
6116:
6108:
6101:
6100:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6073:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6061:
6060:
6059:
6053:
6051:
6035:
6029:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6017:
6008:
5999:
5990:
5980:
5978:
5970:
5969:
5967:
5966:
5957:
5947:
5941:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5921:
5919:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5903:A. melanoleuca
5897:
5895:
5884:
5869:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5836:
5827:
5821:Eastern wolf (
5818:
5809:
5803:African wolf (
5800:
5791:
5785:Domestic dog (
5782:
5772:
5770:
5762:
5761:
5759:
5758:
5749:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5732:
5723:
5713:
5711:
5700:
5688:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5671:
5665:Sechuran fox (
5662:
5658:L. gymnocercus
5653:
5644:
5638:Darwin's fox (
5635:
5625:
5623:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5602:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5585:
5575:
5573:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5561:
5551:
5545:
5530:
5518:
5517:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5501:
5492:
5483:
5474:
5465:
5456:
5447:
5438:
5429:
5420:
5411:
5407:V. bengalensis
5401:
5399:
5381:
5380:
5378:
5377:
5368:
5358:
5356:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5344:
5334:
5328:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5309:
5299:
5297:
5286:
5276:
5269:
5268:
5260:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5220:
5211:
5202:
5193:
5183:
5181:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5160:
5151:
5147:B. crassicauda
5141:
5139:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5118:
5109:
5100:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5074:
5065:
5056:
5047:
5038:
5029:
5020:
5011:
5001:
4999:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4978:
4968:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4939:
4930:
4921:
4911:
4909:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4888:
4878:
4876:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4864:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4847:
4838:
4828:
4826:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4787:
4785:
4774:
4765:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4726:
4716:
4714:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4681:G. grandidieri
4676:
4666:
4664:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4642:
4636:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4613:
4603:
4601:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4580:
4570:
4564:
4555:
4538:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4499:
4497:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4476:
4466:
4460:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4434:
4432:
4421:
4401:
4400:
4395:
4388:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4364:
4362:
4352:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4323:
4314:
4305:
4296:
4287:
4278:
4269:
4260:
4251:
4245:Letaba genet (
4242:
4233:
4227:Common genet (
4224:
4215:
4206:
4197:
4187:
4185:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4158:
4148:
4146:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4106:
4097:
4088:
4078:
4076:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4055:
4045:
4039:
4024:
4012:
4005:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3993:P. zeylonensis
3988:
3979:
3969:
3967:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3955:
3951:Paguma larvata
3946:
3937:
3928:
3918:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3893:
3884:
3875:
3865:
3863:
3854:
3849:
3842:
3841:
3836:
3829:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3764:
3755:
3746:
3737:
3728:
3722:Domestic cat (
3719:
3709:
3707:
3699:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3682:
3678:P. rubiginosus
3673:
3664:
3655:
3651:P. bengalensis
3645:
3643:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3625:Pallas's cat (
3621:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3591:
3589:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3518:
3512:Iberian lynx (
3509:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3440:
3431:
3422:
3413:
3403:
3401:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3376:
3366:
3364:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3313:
3303:
3301:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3266:
3257:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3205:
3196:
3190:Snow leopard (
3186:
3184:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3163:
3153:
3151:
3140:
3127:
3117:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3069:
3064:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3043:
3037:
3032:
3025:
3024:
3016:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3003:Laurasiatheria
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2884:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2851:
2846:
2839:
2838:External links
2836:
2834:
2833:
2827:Libraries and
2813:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2779:
2744:
2715:(7047): 14–6.
2695:
2675:
2631:
2572:
2560:
2544:
2532:
2495:
2470:
2457:
2414:
2371:
2350:(5): 303–305.
2327:
2314:(5): 303–305.
2294:
2253:
2191:
2182:|journal=
2132:
2093:
2054:
2010:
1987:
1952:
1940:
1910:
1888:
1872:
1860:
1843:
1824:(2): 195–200.
1805:
1786:(4): 469–477.
1763:
1745:
1724:(4): 973–990.
1693:
1674:(3): 729–740.
1655:
1634:(2): 205–220.
1614:
1608:
1579:
1553:
1494:
1478:
1461:
1449:
1437:NOAA Fisheries
1424:
1411:
1392:
1385:
1367:
1314:
1295:
1283:
1258:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1180:Mammals portal
1169:
1153:
1150:
1122:Alaska pollock
1076:
1073:
1061:Bonneville Dam
1045:white sturgeon
1041:Columbia River
993:
990:
957:
954:
913:
910:
885:
882:
830:Juneau, Alaska
821:
818:
816:
813:
796:
793:
703:white sturgeon
701:Sea lion with
694:
691:
674:thermoregulate
653:
650:
648:
645:
595:Sea of Okhotsk
583:Gulf of Alaska
554:
551:
535:
528:
527:
526:
521:
514:
513:
512:
507:
500:
499:
498:
497:
496:
494:
491:
449:Sea of Okhotsk
445:Magadan Oblast
395:) is a large,
373:
372:
368:
367:
359:
358:
351:
340:
339:
333:
332:
325:
323:
319:
318:
304:
300:
299:
294:
290:
289:
284:
277:
276:
271:
267:
266:
261:
257:
256:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
213:
212:
196:
193:
192:
174:
171:
170:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
154:
146:
145:
143:Sea of Okhotsk
139:Yamsky Islands
134:
133:
125:
124:
116:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
53:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10546:
10535:
10532:
10530:
10527:
10525:
10522:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10505:
10502:
10500:
10497:
10495:
10492:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10456:
10454:
10437:
10432:
10428:
10424:
10419:
10415:
10411:
10406:
10402:
10398:
10393:
10389:
10384:
10378:
10374:
10373:
10371:
10369:
10365:
10357:
10352:
10348:
10344:
10339:
10335:
10331:
10326:
10322:
10318:
10313:
10309:
10305:
10300:
10296:
10292:
10287:
10283:
10279:
10274:
10270:
10266:
10261:
10257:
10253:
10248:
10244:
10240:
10235:
10231:
10227:
10222:
10218:
10214:
10209:
10205:
10201:
10196:
10192:
10188:
10183:
10179:
10175:
10170:
10166:
10162:
10157:
10153:
10149:
10144:
10140:
10136:
10131:
10127:
10123:
10117:
10113:
10108:
10104:
10100:
10095:
10091:
10087:
10082:
10078:
10074:
10069:
10065:
10060:
10054:
10050:
10045:
10039:
10035:
10034:
10032:
10030:
10026:
10022:
10017:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9993:
9992:
9989:
9982:
9978:
9969:
9943:
9942:
9938:
9936:
9935:
9931:
9929:
9928:
9924:
9922:
9921:
9914:
9912:
9911:
9907:
9905:
9904:
9903:Arctocephalus
9900:
9899:
9897:
9895:
9891:
9885:
9884:
9880:
9878:
9877:
9870:
9868:
9867:
9860:
9858:
9857:
9853:
9852:
9850:
9848:
9844:
9838:
9837:
9830:
9829:
9826:
9823:
9821:
9817:
9811:
9810:
9803:
9801:
9800:
9796:
9795:
9793:
9791:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9778:
9772:
9771:
9764:
9763:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9751:
9737:
9736:
9729:
9727:
9726:
9719:
9717:
9716:
9709:
9707:
9706:
9699:
9697:
9696:
9692:
9690:
9689:
9682:
9681:
9679:
9677:
9673:
9667:
9666:
9662:
9660:
9659:
9655:
9654:
9652:
9650:
9649:Dusignathinae
9643:
9640:
9638:
9634:
9628:
9627:
9620:
9618:
9617:
9610:
9608:
9607:
9600:
9598:
9597:
9596:Proneotherium
9590:
9588:
9587:
9580:
9578:
9577:
9570:
9568:
9567:
9560:
9558:
9557:
9550:
9548:
9547:
9540:
9538:
9537:
9530:
9528:
9527:
9520:
9518:
9517:
9510:
9509:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9497:
9491:
9490:
9486:
9484:
9483:
9479:
9477:
9476:
9472:
9470:
9469:
9465:
9464:
9462:
9460:
9453:
9449:
9445:
9440:
9436:
9427:
9423:
9421:
9414:
9380:
9379:
9378:
9377:
9375:
9373:
9369:
9365:
9351:
9350:
9346:
9344:
9343:
9336:
9334:
9333:
9326:
9324:
9323:
9319:
9317:
9316:
9312:
9310:
9309:
9302:
9300:
9299:
9295:
9293:
9292:
9288:
9286:
9285:
9278:
9276:
9275:
9268:
9267:
9265:
9263:
9259:
9253:
9252:
9245:
9243:
9242:
9235:
9233:
9232:
9228:
9227:
9225:
9223:
9219:
9213:
9212:
9205:
9203:
9202:
9198:
9197:
9195:
9193:
9189:
9183:
9182:
9181:Sarmatonectes
9175:
9173:
9172:
9165:
9163:
9162:
9155:
9153:
9152:
9145:
9143:
9142:
9135:
9133:
9132:
9125:
9123:
9122:
9115:
9113:
9112:
9105:
9103:
9102:
9095:
9094:
9091:
9088:
9085:
9080:
9070:
9069:
9068:Virginiaphoca
9062:
9060:
9059:
9052:
9050:
9049:
9042:
9040:
9039:
9035:
9033:
9032:
9028:
9026:
9025:
9024:Leptonychotes
9021:
9019:
9018:
9014:
9012:
9011:
9004:
9002:
9001:
8994:
8992:
8991:
8990:Australophoca
8984:
8982:
8981:
8974:
8973:
8971:
8969:
8965:
8959:
8958:
8954:
8952:
8951:
8944:
8943:
8941:
8939:
8935:
8929:
8928:
8921:
8919:
8918:
8911:
8909:
8908:
8901:
8899:
8898:
8891:
8889:
8888:
8881:
8879:
8878:
8871:
8869:
8868:
8861:
8859:
8858:
8854:
8852:
8851:
8847:
8845:
8844:
8837:
8835:
8834:
8827:
8825:
8824:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8812:
8808:
8802:
8801:
8794:
8793:
8790:
8787:
8784:
8779:
8773:
8772:
8765:
8764:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8750:
8747:
8744:
8739:
8733:
8732:
8725:
8723:
8722:
8721:Pinnarctidion
8715:
8713:
8712:
8711:Pacificotaria
8705:
8704:
8701:
8698:
8695:
8690:
8684:
8683:
8676:
8675:
8672:
8669:
8666:
8661:
8651:
8650:
8646:
8644:
8643:
8639:
8637:
8636:
8635:Potamotherium
8632:
8630:
8629:
8625:
8624:
8622:
8620:
8613:
8607:
8606:
8602:
8600:
8599:
8595:
8593:
8592:
8588:
8586:
8585:
8581:
8579:
8578:
8574:
8572:
8571:
8567:
8565:
8564:
8560:
8558:
8557:
8553:
8552:
8550:
8548:
8541:
8537:
8533:
8529:
8524:
8520:
8514:
8510:
8508:
8504:
8502:
8498:
8496:
8492:
8490:
8486:
8484:
8480:
8479:
8476:
8471:
8463:
8458:
8456:
8451:
8449:
8444:
8443:
8440:
8412:
8410:
8405:
8403:
8401:
8396:
8394:
8392:
8387:
8385:
8383:
8378:
8376:
8374:
8369:
8367:
8365:
8360:
8358:
8356:
8351:
8349:
8347:
8346:M. lutreolina
8342:
8340:
8338:
8333:
8331:
8329:
8324:
8322:
8320:
8315:
8313:
8311:
8306:
8304:
8302:
8297:
8295:
8293:
8288:
8286:
8284:
8279:
8277:
8275:
8270:
8268:
8266:
8261:
8260:
8258:
8248:
8247:
8242:
8236:
8234:
8229:
8227:
8225:
8220:
8218:
8216:
8211:
8209:
8207:
8202:
8201:
8199:
8197:
8196:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8182:
8172:
8170:
8165:
8163:
8161:
8156:
8154:
8152:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8141:
8136:
8130:
8128:
8123:
8122:
8120:
8118:
8117:
8112:
8106:
8104:
8099:
8097:
8095:
8090:
8089:
8087:
8085:
8084:
8079:
8073:
8071:
8066:
8065:
8062:
8056:
8054:
8049:
8048:
8046:
8044:
8043:
8038:
8032:
8030:
8025:
8023:
8021:
8016:
8014:
8012:
8007:
8005:
8003:
8002:L. canadensis
7998:
7997:
7995:
7993:
7992:
7987:
7981:
7979:
7976:Giant otter (
7974:
7973:
7970:
7967:
7957:
7953:
7939:
7937:
7932:
7930:
7928:
7923:
7922:
7920:
7918:
7917:
7912:
7906:
7904:
7899:
7898:
7895:
7889:
7887:
7882:
7881:
7879:
7877:
7876:
7871:
7868:
7858:
7854:
7844:
7842:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7828:
7827:
7825:
7815:
7814:
7809:
7803:
7801:
7796:
7795:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7774:
7764:
7762:
7757:
7755:
7753:
7748:
7746:
7744:
7739:
7737:
7735:
7734:M. gwatkinsii
7730:
7728:
7726:
7721:
7719:
7717:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7703:
7701:
7699:
7694:
7693:
7691:
7681:
7680:
7675:
7669:
7667:
7662:
7661:
7659:
7657:
7656:
7651:
7645:
7643:
7638:
7637:
7635:
7633:
7632:
7627:
7621:
7619:
7614:
7613:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7601:
7595:
7593:
7588:
7586:
7584:
7579:
7577:
7575:
7574:M. orientalis
7570:
7568:
7566:
7561:
7559:
7557:
7552:
7550:
7548:
7543:
7542:
7540:
7530:
7529:
7524:
7514:
7512:
7507:
7505:
7503:
7498:
7496:
7494:
7489:
7487:
7485:
7480:
7479:
7477:
7475:
7474:
7469:
7463:
7461:
7456:
7454:
7452:
7447:
7445:
7443:
7438:
7437:
7435:
7433:
7432:
7427:
7424:
7414:
7410:
7404:
7402:
7397:
7396:
7394:
7392:
7391:
7386:
7380:
7378:
7377:Taxidea taxus
7373:
7372:
7369:
7366:
7363:
7358:
7354:
7350:
7345:
7341:
7324:
7323:
7322:
7321:
7319:
7317:
7313:
7299:
7297:
7292:
7290:
7288:
7287:N. meridensis
7283:
7282:
7280:
7278:
7277:
7272:
7266:
7264:
7259:
7257:
7255:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7245:
7244:
7239:
7236:
7226:
7222:
7216:
7214:
7209:
7207:
7205:
7200:
7198:
7196:
7191:
7189:
7187:
7182:
7181:
7179:
7169:
7168:
7163:
7157:
7155:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7141:
7139:
7137:
7132:
7131:
7129:
7119:
7118:
7113:
7107:
7105:
7100:
7098:
7096:
7091:
7090:
7088:
7086:
7085:
7080:
7074:
7072:
7067:
7066:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7054:
7044:
7042:
7037:
7035:
7033:
7028:
7026:
7024:
7019:
7017:
7015:
7010:
7009:
7007:
6997:
6996:
6991:
6985:
6983:
6978:
6976:
6974:
6973:M. javanensis
6969:
6968:
6966:
6956:
6955:
6950:
6944:
6942:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6923:
6922:
6917:
6911:
6909:
6904:
6902:
6900:
6899:C. leuconotus
6895:
6893:
6891:
6890:C. humboldtii
6886:
6884:
6882:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6864:
6863:
6858:
6855:
6849:
6841:
6837:
6831:
6829:
6824:
6823:
6821:
6819:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6802:
6798:
6772:
6770:
6765:
6763:
6761:
6756:
6754:
6752:
6747:
6745:
6743:
6738:
6737:
6734:
6731:
6721:
6717:
6711:
6709:
6704:
6702:
6700:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6682:
6681:
6676:
6666:
6664:
6659:
6658:
6656:
6654:
6653:
6648:
6642:
6640:
6635:
6634:
6631:
6628:
6618:
6614:
6611:
6601:
6597:
6583:
6581:
6578:Baikal seal (
6576:
6574:
6572:
6569:Ringed seal (
6567:
6565:
6563:
6558:
6557:
6555:
6553:
6552:
6547:
6541:
6539:
6536:Harbor seal (
6534:
6532:
6530:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6520:
6519:
6514:
6508:
6506:
6501:
6499:
6497:
6494:Ribbon seal (
6492:
6490:
6488:
6483:
6482:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6470:
6464:
6462:
6459:Hooded seal (
6457:
6455:
6453:
6448:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6431:
6427:
6424:
6412:
6408:
6398:
6396:
6395:A. tropicalis
6391:
6389:
6387:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6373:
6371:
6369:
6364:
6362:
6360:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6337:
6335:
6333:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6321:Arctocephalus
6317:
6311:
6309:
6304:
6303:
6300:
6294:
6292:
6287:
6286:
6284:
6282:
6281:
6276:
6270:
6268:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6249:
6247:
6246:Z. wollebaeki
6242:
6240:
6238:
6233:
6232:
6230:
6228:
6227:
6222:
6216:
6214:
6209:
6208:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6196:
6190:
6188:
6183:
6182:
6180:
6178:
6177:
6172:
6169:
6163:
6158:
6154:(eared seals:
6149:
6144:
6138:
6136:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6114:
6106:
6102:
6077:
6076:
6075:
6074:
6072:
6070:
6066:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6043:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6016:
6014:
6009:
6007:
6005:
6000:
5998:
5996:
5995:U. thibetanus
5991:
5989:
5987:
5986:U. americanus
5982:
5981:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5965:
5963:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5949:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5936:
5930:
5928:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5906:
5904:
5901:Giant panda (
5899:
5898:
5896:
5894:
5893:
5888:
5885:
5877:
5873:
5870:
5867:
5862:
5844:
5842:
5837:
5835:
5833:
5828:
5826:
5824:
5819:
5817:
5815:
5810:
5808:
5806:
5801:
5799:
5797:
5792:
5790:
5788:
5787:C. familiaris
5783:
5781:
5779:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5768:
5763:
5757:
5755:
5750:
5748:
5746:
5745:Lycaon pictus
5741:
5740:
5737:
5731:
5729:
5724:
5722:
5720:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5701:
5693:
5689:
5679:
5677:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5654:
5652:
5650:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5636:
5634:
5632:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5616:
5610:
5608:
5603:
5601:
5599:
5594:
5593:
5590:
5584:
5582:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5560:
5558:
5553:
5552:
5549:
5546:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5523:
5519:
5509:
5507:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5493:
5491:
5489:
5484:
5482:
5480:
5475:
5473:
5471:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5448:
5446:
5444:
5441:Tibetan fox (
5439:
5437:
5435:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5395:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5376:
5374:
5373:N. viverrinus
5369:
5367:
5365:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5354:
5349:
5343:
5341:
5336:
5335:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5314:U. littoralis
5310:
5308:
5306:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5287:
5279:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5258:
5254:
5228:
5226:
5221:
5219:
5217:
5212:
5210:
5208:
5203:
5201:
5199:
5194:
5192:
5190:
5189:H. flavescens
5185:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5126:
5124:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5092:
5091:
5088:
5082:
5080:
5079:U. vitticolla
5075:
5073:
5071:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5030:
5028:
5026:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5012:
5010:
5008:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4986:
4984:
4983:Xenogale naso
4979:
4977:
4975:
4970:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4947:
4945:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4863:
4861:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4846:
4844:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4813:
4811:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4796:
4794:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4757:
4756:sensu stricto
4752:
4748:
4734:
4732:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4701:
4699:
4694:
4693:
4690:
4684:
4682:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4651:
4649:
4644:
4643:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4621:
4619:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4599:
4594:
4588:
4586:
4585:Fossa fossana
4581:
4579:
4577:
4572:
4571:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4526:
4508:
4506:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4479:Brown hyena (
4477:
4475:
4473:
4472:Hyaena hyaena
4468:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4441:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4422:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4393:
4389:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4331:
4329:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4299:Hausa genet (
4297:
4295:
4293:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4202:G. angolensis
4198:
4196:
4194:
4193:G. abyssinica
4189:
4188:
4186:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4166:
4164:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4102:V. tangalunga
4098:
4096:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4063:
4061:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4036:sensu stricto
4032:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4006:
3996:
3994:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3954:
3952:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3910:Paradoxurinae
3907:
3901:
3899:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3878:Otter civet (
3876:
3874:
3872:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3772:
3770:
3769:F. silvestris
3765:
3763:
3761:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3690:
3688:
3687:P. viverrinus
3685:Fishing cat (
3683:
3681:
3679:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3660:P. javanensis
3656:
3654:
3652:
3649:Leopard cat (
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3623:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3610:
3600:
3598:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3559:
3557:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3538:
3532:
3526:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3496:L. canadensis
3494:Canada lynx (
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3384:
3382:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3351:
3349:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3318:C. temminckii
3314:
3312:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3283:Marbled cat (
3281:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3270:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3253:sensu stricto
3250:
3245:
3231:
3229:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3171:
3169:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3103:
3102:P. pardicolor
3098:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3014:
3010:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2967:
2959:
2954:
2952:
2947:
2945:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2754:Mammal Review
2748:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2692:0-09-189780-7
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2670:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2635:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2592:(1): e30173.
2591:
2587:
2583:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2555:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2533:
2518:
2514:
2507:
2506:
2499:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2474:
2471:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2328:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2192:
2187:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2113:(1): 94–109.
2112:
2108:
2104:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2006:0-520-06497-6
2003:
1999:
1998:
1991:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1713:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1609:9780123735539
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1450:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1097:
1092:
1086:
1081:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1053:rainbow trout
1051:species, and
1050:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1034:First Nations
1029:
1027:
1026:pipe cleaners
1023:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1003:
998:
991:
989:
985:
981:
974:
956:Communication
955:
953:
950:
946:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
918:
911:
909:
906:
902:
897:
895:
891:
883:
881:
878:
870:
866:
863:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
831:
826:
819:
814:
812:
810:
806:
802:
801:killer whales
794:
792:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
768:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
722:Atka mackerel
719:
715:
711:
710:opportunistic
704:
699:
692:
690:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
651:
646:
644:
640:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
599:Kuril Islands
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
568:
564:
559:
552:
550:
547:
532:
518:
504:
492:
490:
488:
484:
480:
479:elephant seal
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:
459:of the genus
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
409:North America
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:
380:
369:
365:
360:
355:
349:
347:
341:
338:
337:Binomial name
334:
330:
329:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
309:
305:
302:
301:
298:
295:
292:
291:
288:
285:
282:
279:
278:
275:
272:
269:
268:
265:
262:
259:
258:
255:
252:
249:
248:
245:
242:
239:
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
223:
218:
214:
208:
194:
188:
183:
172:
168:
163:
156:
152:
147:
144:
140:
135:
131:
126:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
51:
40:
37:
33:
19:
10368:Phoca jubata
10367:
10028:
9939:
9932:
9925:
9918:
9908:
9901:
9881:
9876:Proterozetes
9874:
9866:Oriensarctos
9864:
9855:
9854:
9836:Thalassoleon
9834:
9809:Pithanotaria
9807:
9797:
9768:
9754:Panotariidae
9733:
9725:Protodobenus
9723:
9713:
9703:
9693:
9686:
9663:
9656:
9624:
9614:
9604:
9594:
9584:
9576:Pelagiarctos
9574:
9564:
9554:
9544:
9534:
9524:
9514:
9487:
9482:Desmatophoca
9480:
9473:
9466:
9417:
9347:
9340:
9330:
9320:
9313:
9306:
9298:Histriophoca
9296:
9289:
9282:
9272:
9249:
9239:
9229:
9222:Cystophorini
9209:
9199:
9179:
9169:
9159:
9149:
9139:
9129:
9119:
9109:
9099:
9066:
9056:
9046:
9036:
9029:
9022:
9015:
9008:
8998:
8988:
8978:
8955:
8948:
8925:
8915:
8905:
8895:
8887:Palmidophoca
8885:
8875:
8865:
8855:
8848:
8841:
8831:
8821:
8800:Magnotherium
8798:
8769:
8731:Pteronarctos
8729:
8719:
8709:
8680:
8647:
8640:
8633:
8626:
8619:Semantoridae
8603:
8596:
8591:Pachycynodon
8589:
8582:
8575:
8570:Amphicynodon
8568:
8563:Amphicticeps
8561:
8554:
8511:Infraorder:
8408:
8399:
8390:
8381:
8372:
8363:
8354:
8345:
8336:
8327:
8318:
8309:
8300:
8291:
8282:
8273:
8264:
8244:
8232:
8223:
8214:
8205:
8193:
8168:
8159:
8150:
8138:
8126:
8114:
8103:L. sumatrana
8102:
8093:
8081:
8069:
8052:
8040:
8028:
8019:
8010:
8001:
7989:
7977:
7935:
7926:
7914:
7902:
7886:V. peregusna
7885:
7873:
7840:
7831:
7811:
7799:
7786:Lyncodontini
7777:Ictonychinae
7761:M. zibellina
7760:
7751:
7742:
7733:
7724:
7716:M. flavigula
7715:
7706:
7698:M. americana
7697:
7677:
7665:
7653:
7641:
7629:
7618:Eira barbara
7617:
7591:
7583:M. personata
7582:
7573:
7564:
7555:
7546:
7526:
7510:
7501:
7493:M. canescens
7492:
7483:
7471:
7459:
7450:
7441:
7429:
7400:
7388:
7376:
7295:
7286:
7274:
7262:
7253:
7241:
7212:
7203:
7194:
7185:
7165:
7153:
7144:
7135:
7115:
7103:
7102:Cacomistle (
7094:
7082:
7071:Potos flavus
7070:
7040:
7031:
7022:
7013:
6993:
6981:
6972:
6952:
6940:
6931:
6919:
6907:
6898:
6889:
6880:
6860:
6827:
6768:
6759:
6750:
6741:
6707:
6698:
6678:
6662:
6650:
6638:
6623:(monk seals)
6579:
6570:
6561:
6549:
6537:
6528:
6516:
6504:
6495:
6486:
6460:
6451:
6394:
6386:A. townsendi
6385:
6376:
6368:A. philippii
6367:
6358:
6349:
6340:
6332:A. australis
6331:
6319:
6307:
6290:
6278:
6266:
6245:
6236:
6224:
6212:
6210:
6186:
6174:
6134:
6013:U. maritimus
6012:
6011:Polar bear (
6003:
6002:Brown bear (
5994:
5985:
5973:
5961:
5952:
5951:Sloth bear (
5926:
5914:
5902:
5890:
5840:
5831:
5822:
5813:
5804:
5795:
5786:
5777:
5765:
5754:Cuon alpinus
5753:
5744:
5728:L. mesomelas
5727:
5718:
5706:
5675:
5666:
5657:
5656:Pampas fox (
5648:
5639:
5630:
5618:
5606:
5597:
5581:S. venaticus
5580:
5568:
5556:
5555:Maned wolf (
5537:Cerdocyonina
5505:
5504:Fennec fox (
5496:
5487:
5479:V. rueppelli
5478:
5469:
5460:
5451:
5450:Arctic fox (
5443:V. ferrilata
5442:
5433:
5432:Corsac fox (
5424:
5415:
5406:
5405:Bengal fox (
5384:
5372:
5363:
5351:
5339:
5313:
5312:Island fox (
5304:
5292:
5225:H. sanguinea
5224:
5215:
5206:
5198:H. ichneumon
5197:
5188:
5176:
5164:
5155:
5146:
5134:
5122:
5113:
5104:
5095:
5078:
5069:
5060:
5051:
5042:
5033:
5025:U. edwardsii
5024:
5016:U. brachyura
5015:
5006:
4994:
4982:
4973:
4943:
4934:
4925:
4917:C. alexandri
4916:
4904:
4892:
4883:
4871:
4859:
4842:
4834:M. gambianus
4833:
4821:
4809:
4793:S. suricatta
4792:
4780:
4755:
4730:
4721:
4709:
4697:
4680:
4671:
4659:
4647:
4617:
4608:
4596:
4584:
4575:
4552:carnivorans)
4533:
4504:
4492:
4480:
4471:
4439:
4427:
4397:Herpestoidea
4360:Herpestoidea
4327:
4319:G. victoriae
4318:
4309:
4308:Cape genet (
4300:
4292:G. servalina
4291:
4282:
4281:King genet (
4274:G. piscivora
4273:
4264:
4255:
4246:
4238:G. johnstoni
4237:
4228:
4219:
4210:
4201:
4192:
4174:
4163:P. leightoni
4162:
4153:
4135:
4110:
4101:
4093:V. megaspila
4092:
4084:V. civettina
4083:
4071:
4059:
4050:
4035:
4019:
3992:
3983:
3974:
3962:
3950:
3941:
3932:
3923:
3897:
3888:
3879:
3870:
3768:
3759:
3751:F. margarita
3750:
3741:
3732:
3731:Jungle cat (
3723:
3714:
3702:
3686:
3677:
3669:P. planiceps
3668:
3659:
3650:
3640:Prionailurus
3638:
3626:
3596:
3584:
3572:
3571:Jaguarundi (
3555:
3543:
3522:
3513:
3504:
3495:
3483:
3471:
3462:
3453:
3444:
3435:
3426:
3418:L. geoffroyi
3417:
3408:
3407:Pampas cat (
3396:
3380:
3371:
3359:
3347:
3317:
3308:
3296:
3285:P. marmorata
3284:
3272:
3252:
3227:
3218:
3209:
3200:
3191:
3179:
3167:
3158:
3146:
3101:
3092:
3075:
3048:
3001:Superorder:
2995:Infraclass:
2910:
2872:
2855:
2819:
2795:. Retrieved
2791:
2782:
2757:
2753:
2747:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2683:
2678:
2659:
2655:
2646:
2642:
2634:
2589:
2585:
2575:
2563:
2553:
2547:
2535:
2524:, retrieved
2517:the original
2504:
2498:
2480:
2473:
2460:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2347:
2343:
2330:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2208:(1): 29–50.
2205:
2201:
2194:
2173:cite journal
2135:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2027:(1): 44–58.
2024:
2020:
2013:
1996:
1990:
1968:(1): 44–58.
1965:
1961:
1955:
1943:
1926:
1922:
1905:the original
1900:
1891:
1883:
1846:
1821:
1817:
1783:
1779:
1758:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1671:
1667:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1591:
1570:. Retrieved
1566:
1556:
1511:
1507:
1497:
1487:
1481:
1471:
1464:
1452:
1440:. Retrieved
1436:
1427:
1414:
1401:
1395:
1376:
1370:
1358:. Retrieved
1351:the original
1333:(283): 1–7.
1330:
1317:
1298:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1270:
1261:
1249:. Retrieved
1235:
1229:
1223:
1143:
1139:
1119:
1100:
1038:
1030:
1019:
1007:
986:
982:
978:
942:
923:
905:foreflippers
898:
887:
879:
875:
858:
850:Medny Island
835:
820:Reproduction
809:great whites
798:
785:harbor seals
769:
707:
655:
611:
572:
563:Gulf Islands
542:
461:
460:
392:
388:
383:
382:
378:
376:
345:
343:
327:
326:
307:
306:
280:
48:1.36–0
36:
10325:SeaLifeBase
10234:NatureServe
10156:iNaturalist
10053:Wikispecies
9799:Callorhinus
9790:Callorhinae
9665:Gomphotaria
9658:Dusignathus
9626:Titanotaria
9616:Pseudotaria
9546:Nanodobenus
9291:Halichoerus
9192:Erignathini
9151:Monotherium
9141:Monachopsis
9101:Cryptophoca
9038:Ommatophoca
8968:Lobodontini
8927:Terranectes
8917:Pristiphoca
8857:Neomonachus
8833:Auroraphoca
8771:Devinophoca
8682:Enaliarctos
8400:M. sibirica
8382:M. putorius
8355:M. nigripes
8337:M. lutreola
8310:M. haidarum
8206:N. africana
8169:A. congicus
8160:A. cinereus
8151:A. capensis
8051:Sea otter (
8029:L. provocax
7936:I. striatus
7857:Ictonychini
7752:M. melampus
7664:Wolverine (
7642:P. pennanti
7565:M. moschata
7556:M. everetti
7502:M. leucurus
7460:A. hoevenii
7451:A. collaris
7401:M. capensis
7296:N. olivacea
7211:Olinguito (
7167:Bassaricyon
7154:P. pygmaeus
7084:Bassariscus
7057:Procyonidae
7032:S. putorius
7023:S. gracilis
6941:M. mephitis
6932:M. macroura
6826:Red panda (
6806:Musteloidea
6767:Ross seal (
6720:Lobodontini
6652:Neomonachus
6580:P. sibirica
6538:P. vitulina
6503:Grey seal (
6485:Harp seal (
6377:A. pusillus
6341:A. forsteri
6176:Callorhinus
6110:Pinnipedia
6069:Musteloidea
5841:C. simensis
5805:C. lupaster
5674:Hoary fox (
5667:L. sechurae
5640:L. fulvipes
5631:L. culpaeus
5527:(true dogs)
5486:Swift fox (
5461:V. macrotis
5353:Nyctereutes
5262:Caniformia
5207:H. ochracea
5165:B. nigripes
5156:B. jacksoni
5043:U. javanica
4960:Herpestinae
4935:C. obscurus
4926:C. ansorgei
4906:Crossarchus
4762:(mongooses)
4751:Herpestidae
4731:S. durrelli
4722:S. concolor
4672:G. fasciata
4609:E. goudotii
4530:Herpestidae
4440:P. cristata
4301:G. thierryi
4256:G. maculata
4220:G. cristata
4211:G. bourloni
3964:Paradoxurus
3922:Binturong (
3861:Hemigalinae
3838:Viverroidea
3801:Viverroidea
3760:F. nigripes
3612:Leopard cat
3597:P. concolor
3514:L. pardinus
3463:L. tigrinus
3454:L. pardalis
3445:L. jacobita
3436:L. guttulus
3409:L. colocola
3168:N. nebulosa
3138:Pantherinae
3018:Feliformia
2760:(1): 3–28.
2223:10023/11765
1251:19 November
1002:Amak Island
930:bradycardia
901:drive phase
854:cannibalism
753:cephalopods
741:Pacific cod
493:Description
473:, only the
467:eared seals
457:sole member
451:, south to
407:regions of
207:NatureServe
203:Vulnerable
10453:Categories
10383:Q109647419
10073:Eumetopias
9941:Phocarctos
9920:Hydrarctos
9910:Arctophoca
9856:Eumetopias
9735:Valenictus
9676:Odobeninae
9637:Neodobenia
9606:Prototaria
9566:Osodobenus
9556:Neotherium
9526:Imagotaria
9500:Odobenidae
9475:Atopotarus
9468:Allodesmus
9444:Otarioidea
9381:see below↓
9372:Otarioidea
9315:Pagophilus
9274:Batavipusa
9251:Pachyphoca
9231:Cystophora
9211:Platyphoca
9201:Erignathus
9161:Phocanella
9131:Leptophoca
9111:Frisiphoca
9048:Piscophoca
9000:Hadrokirus
8950:Callophoca
8938:Miroungini
8907:Pontophoca
8867:Eomonachus
8843:Messiphoca
8783:Monachinae
8743:Pinnipedia
8628:Necromites
8584:Kolponomos
8507:Caniformia
8505:Suborder:
8468:Genera of
8373:M. nudipes
8364:M. nivalis
8328:M. kathiah
8283:M. erminea
8274:M. altaica
8224:N. frenata
8215:N. felipei
8185:Mustelinae
7927:I. libycus
7841:G. vittata
7707:M. caurina
7484:M. anakuma
7362:Mustelidae
7349:Mustelidae
7325:see below↓
7316:Mustelidae
7213:B. neblina
7124:(raccoons)
7095:B. astutus
7093:Ringtail (
7069:Kinkajou (
7041:S. pygmaea
6982:M. marchei
6840:Mephitidae
6708:M. leonina
6600:Monachinae
6571:P. hispida
6562:P. caspica
6359:A. gazella
6291:N. cinerea
6187:C. ursinus
6125:Odobenidae
6078:see below↓
6058:see below↓
6042:Pinnipedia
5960:Sun bear (
5927:T. ornatus
5916:Tremarctos
5892:Ailuropoda
5830:Red wolf (
5796:C. latrans
5719:L. adustus
5676:L. vetulus
5649:L. griseus
5579:Bush dog (
5470:V. pallida
5468:Pale fox (
5452:V. lagopus
5423:Cape fox (
5303:Gray fox (
5061:U. smithii
4893:H. parvula
4884:H. hirtula
4772:Mungotinae
4661:Galidictis
4634:Galidiinae
4562:Euplerinae
4545:Eupleridae
4534:sensu lato
4505:C. crocuta
4438:Aardwolf (
4369:see below↓
4310:G. tigrina
4283:G. poensis
4265:G. pardina
4247:G. letabae
4229:G. genetta
4127:Genettinae
4111:V. zibetha
4031:Viverrinae
4020:sensu lato
4015:Viverrinae
3984:P. jerdoni
3851:Viverridae
3810:see below↓
3749:Sand cat (
3556:A. jubatus
3381:C. caracal
3274:Pardofelis
3093:P. linsang
3034:Feliformia
2797:27 October
2792:Yahoo News
2662:(4): 297.
1360:27 October
1276:11 October
1194:References
1188:Eared seal
1107:endangered
1047:, several
949:metabolism
884:Locomotion
846:polygynous
714:cephalopod
626:Bohai Gulf
622:Yellow Sea
462:Eumetopias
447:, and the
421:Washington
413:California
308:Eumetopias
287:Pinnipedia
10474:Otariinae
9847:Zalophini
9820:Otariinae
9781:Otariidae
9715:Pliopedia
9705:Ontocetus
9332:Planopusa
9308:Nanophoca
9010:Homiphoca
8980:Acrophoca
8897:Pliophoca
8877:Noriphoca
8823:Afrophoca
8811:Monachini
8605:Wangictis
8577:Drassonax
8513:Arctoidea
8501:Carnivora
8481:Kingdom:
8470:pinnipeds
8319:M. itatsi
8253:(weasels)
8116:Lutrogale
8053:E. lutris
8011:L. felina
7820:(grisons)
7743:M. martes
7686:(martens)
7604:Guloninae
7390:Mellivora
7263:N. narica
7204:B. medius
7195:B. gabbii
7186:B. alleni
7174:(olingos)
7143:Raccoon (
6995:Spilogale
6881:C. chinga
6862:Conepatus
6818:Ailuridae
6617:Monachini
6529:P. largha
6199:Otariinae
6162:sea lions
6157:fur seals
6148:Otariidae
6033:Mustelida
6004:U. arctos
5866:Arctoidea
5823:C. lycaon
5778:C. aureus
5708:Lupulella
5620:Lycalopex
5497:V. vulpes
5495:Red fox (
5459:Kit fox (
5434:V. corsac
5178:Herpestes
4791:Meerkat (
4550:(Malagasy
4452:Hyaeninae
4413:Hyaenidae
4328:G. felina
3742:F. lybica
3554:Cheetah (
3472:L. wiedii
3461:Oncilla (
3427:L. guigna
3398:Leopardus
3379:Caracal (
3372:C. aurata
3307:Bay cat (
3228:P. pardus
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3159:N. diardi
3077:Prionodon
2977:Kingdom:
2966:Carnivora
2366:130930524
2289:1864-7782
2273:: 71–82.
2232:0174-1578
2165:128550106
2049:0824-0469
1650:0718-1957
1530:2167-8359
1514:: e9709.
1011:baidarkas
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838:rookeries
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678:rookeries
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569:, Canada.
471:pinnipeds
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274:Carnivora
240:Kingdom:
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10377:Wikidata
10239:2.104433
10226:14001011
10174:11304379
10038:Wikidata
9927:Neophoca
9894:Otariini
9883:Zalophus
9695:Odobenus
9586:Pontolis
9489:Eodesmus
9342:Praepusa
9284:Gryphoca
9241:Miophoca
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9084:Phocinae
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8850:Monachus
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8598:Parictis
8556:Allocyon
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8489:Chordata
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8299:Ferret (
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8094:L. lutra
7962:(otters)
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7813:Galictis
7725:M. foina
7640:Fisher (
7528:Melogale
7511:M. meles
7431:Arctonyx
7276:Nasuella
7254:N. nasua
7231:(coatis)
7145:P. lotor
6921:Mephitis
6680:Mirounga
6430:Phocinae
6411:Phocidae
6280:Neophoca
6226:Zalophus
6133:Walrus (
5832:C. rufus
5814:C. lupus
5794:Coyote (
5629:Culpeo (
5570:Speothos
5506:V. zerda
5488:V. velox
5425:V. chama
5136:Bdeogale
5034:U. fusca
4873:Helogale
4843:M. mungo
4782:Suricata
4711:Salanoia
4618:E. major
4598:Eupleres
4429:Proteles
4418:(hyenas)
4182:(genets)
3733:F. chaus
3724:F. catus
3715:F. bieti
3595:Cougar (
3545:Acinonyx
3523:L. rufus
3521:Bobcat (
3470:Margay (
3452:Ocelot (
3425:Kodkod (
3346:Serval (
3309:C. badia
3298:Catopuma
3208:Jaguar (
3192:P. uncia
3181:Panthera
3148:Neofelis
3066:Feloidea
2997:Eutheria
2991:Mammalia
2985:Chordata
2983:Phylum:
2979:Animalia
2890:Archived
2878:Archived
2774:52221241
2739:30885310
2731:16001032
2626:22272296
2586:PLOS ONE
2526:16 April
2452:16240840
2409:12083225
2240:27686668
2088:10821748
1548:32913674
1476:. (PDF).
1306:Archived
1152:See also
1022:whiskers
842:otariids
805:sleepers
777:sturgeon
749:sculpins
745:rockfish
738:flatfish
693:Foraging
666:haul-out
662:otariids
634:Kanazawa
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264:Mammalia
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244:Animalia
230:Domain:
187:IUCN 3.1
10431:ZooBank
10410:2433463
10213:1005904
10148:2433462
10044:Q431981
9770:Eotaria
9688:Aivukus
9262:Phocini
9031:Lobodon
8642:Puijila
8499:Order:
8493:Class:
8301:M. furo
8246:Mustela
8195:Neogale
8042:Enhydra
7916:Ictonyx
7875:Vormela
7832:G. cuja
7759:Sable (
7666:G. gulo
7631:Pekania
7616:Tayra (
7413:Melinae
7225:Nasuina
7117:Procyon
6473:Phocini
6112:(seals)
6047:(seals)
5939:Ursinae
5881:(bears)
5876:Ursidae
5752:Dhole (
5542:(zorro)
5416:V. cana
5326:Vulpini
5294:Urocyon
5278:Canidae
5070:U. urva
4574:Fossa (
4494:Crocuta
4176:Genetta
4073:Viverra
3614:lineage
3536:lineage
3505:L. lynx
3361:Caracal
3335:lineage
3333:Caracal
3265:lineage
3263:Bay cat
3249:Felinae
3210:P. onca
3199:Tiger (
3119:Felidae
2989:Class:
2968:species
2964:Extant
2927:Video:
2617:3260237
2594:Bibcode
2432:Bibcode
2389:Bibcode
2248:7209195
2115:Bibcode
2029:Bibcode
1970:Bibcode
1838:1378115
1800:1376909
1740:1383503
1688:3801420
1539:7456534
1347:3503908
1126:herring
938:blubber
765:bycatch
734:capelin
730:herring
726:halibut
686:abiotic
652:Habitat
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483:species
391:or the
356:, 1776)
303:Genus:
270:Order:
260:Class:
205: (
185: (
117:↓
10423:203609
10356:254999
10317:106238
10304:949686
10291:254999
10187:180625
10119:ECOS:
10081:ARKive
9934:Otaria
7991:Lontra
7679:Martes
6954:Mydaus
6848:skunks
5812:Wolf (
5692:Canina
5522:Canini
5386:Vulpes
5282:(dogs)
4823:Mungos
4137:Poiana
3219:P. leo
3217:Lion (
3123:(cats)
2913:(1751)
2873:Nature
2772:
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2709:Nature
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1572:7 June
1546:
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1442:21 May
1383:
1377:Animal
1345:
1141:term.
1115:Alaska
1049:salmon
1015:kayaks
932:, and
912:Diving
787:, and
682:biotic
579:Honshu
475:walrus
453:Honshu
429:Alaska
417:Oregon
316:, 1866
10397:4GK58
10351:WoRMS
10330:69421
10278:80642
10252:34886
10169:IRMNG
10161:41755
10135:17302
10130:EUNIS
10112:6H93Y
10099:12505
9985:Lists
9322:Phoca
9121:Kawas
8140:Aonyx
8083:Lutra
7473:Meles
7243:Nasua
6518:Phoca
5975:Ursus
5767:Canis
5394:foxes
3704:Felis
2770:S2CID
2735:S2CID
2652:(PDF)
2520:(PDF)
2509:(PDF)
2362:S2CID
2340:(PDF)
2244:S2CID
2161:S2CID
1855:(PDF)
1834:JSTOR
1796:JSTOR
1736:JSTOR
1684:JSTOR
1508:PeerJ
1354:(PDF)
1343:JSTOR
1327:(PDF)
1130:orcas
1083:Near
926:apnea
575:range
553:Range
508:Skull
281:Clade
10418:ITIS
10405:GBIF
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10286:OBIS
10260:NOAA
10247:NCBI
10200:8239
10195:IUCN
10182:ITIS
10143:GBIF
10122:5147
10094:BOLD
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6551:Pusa
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3586:Puma
3534:Puma
3485:Lynx
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2727:PMID
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2513:NOAA
2448:PMID
2405:PMID
2285:ISSN
2236:PMID
2228:ISSN
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807:and
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10208:MDD
10107:CoL
10068:ADW
2762:doi
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2660:112
2612:PMC
2602:doi
2486:doi
2440:doi
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2397:doi
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2352:doi
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2275:doi
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