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520:
30:
404:. Foremost among them was James A. Farley (1874-1913), who specialized in streetcar strikes—he claimed to have broken 50—and was said to command an army of forty thousand scabs to be deployed anywhere in the country. Much of the violence of the 1907 San Francisco strike was attributable to Farley, who reportedly cleared $ 1 million there. He was doing more than $ 10 million in business by 1914.
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Despite the transit disruption, which sometimes lasted for months, and despite the fact that many of the casualties were passengers and innocent bystanders, "the strikers invariably enjoyed wide public support, which extended beyond the working class."
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327:. Sometimes lasting only a few days, these strikes were often "marked by almost continuous and often spectacular violent conflict," at times amounting to prolonged riots and weeks of
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and physical tracks were vulnerable to sabotage. And their function as transportation for workers in other industries opened the possibility of leveraging a transit strike into a
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were called out to quell a full day of rioting and mob violence, with several wounded by gunfire, and widespread property damage
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354:. Unlike factory buildings, streetcar routes and cars were spread out and difficult to protect. The routes went through the
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Scenes of streetcar strikes, and the friction between owners and workers, appear in contemporary fiction such as
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The owners' tactic was simply to keep the routes running. To counter hostile crowds, the line owners turned to
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Striking workers during the San
Francisco streetcar strike in 1907 fell tree to obstruct the tracks.
42:
with track obstruction, year unknown; Cleveland's streetcar system had eight strikes in its history.
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Streetcar strikes rank among the deadliest armed conflicts in
American labor union history.
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450:
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479:
704:
Strikebreaking and
Intimidation: Mercenaries and Masculinity in Twentieth-century America
673:
Strikebreaking and
Intimidation: Mercenaries and Masculinity in Twentieth-century America
887:
Joseph
Canfield, Bulletin 112 of the Central Electric Railfans Association (1972), 32-33
453:, part of his administration's long successful struggle against local traction companies
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neighborhoods of cities; riders tended to be sympathetic to union causes. Their
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Electrified streetcars posed an attractive target for striking unions like the
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909:. 1881-1941. 5.46 cubic feet (13 boxes). 1,678 photographic prints.
518:
411:
654:
Cleveland: the making of a city by
William Ganson Rose, page 1013
487:, where the dynamiting of streetcars was a "nightly occurrence"
342:. The rise of private automobile ownership limited its impact.
39:
916:
88:
1038:
338:, less violent strikes persisted for decades, such as the
728:
Leslie's
Monthly Magazine, Volume 60, May 1905, page 106
1196:
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
740:
by Aaron
Brenner, Benjamin Day, Immanuel Ness, page 56
664:
662:
660:
1211:
List of worker deaths in United States labor disputes
865:. Charlotte Mecklenburg Library. 2017. Archived from
498:, with 31 killed and an estimated 1000 people injured
1188:
1049:
951:
65:
55:
47:
22:
670:
435:Examples of American streetcar strikes include:
368:the Philadelphia trolley strike and riots of 1910
624:of 1900 (based on Dreiser's own experience in a
449:, where strikers had the vocal support of Mayor
738:The Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History
559:1917, the San Francisco United Railroads strike
352:Amalgamated Street Railway Employees of America
1258:Riots and civil disorder in the United States
928:
901:Amalgamated Transit Union, Local 587 Records.
100:
8:
1084:Westmoreland County coal strike of 1910–1911
750:Robert B., Ross; George B., Catlin (1898).
935:
921:
913:
753:LANDMARKS OF DETROIT A HISTORY OF THE CITY
511:1913, Buffalo, where two regiments of the
107:
93:
85:
19:
1006:Coeur d'Alene, Idaho labor strike of 1892
1206:Anti-union violence in the United States
677:. Univ of North Carolina Press. p.
469:, the first in which Farley was involved
323:affected almost every major city in the
647:
1248:Streetcar strikes in the United States
1089:Paint Creek–Cabin Creek strike of 1912
1057:Streetcar strikes in the United States
1017:Streetcar strikes in the United States
790:St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 21 June 1900
393:saw 30 killed and about 1000 injured.
391:San Francisco Streetcar Strike of 1907
23:Streetcar strikes in the United States
1253:United States streetcar-related lists
389:of 1894. The casualty count for the
7:
903:1941-2011. 15 cubic feet (17 boxes).
801:"Troops Out to End Riots in Buffalo"
1201:Union violence in the United States
1074:1907 San Francisco streetcar strike
1268:Labor history of the United States
1109:Copper Country strike of 1913–1914
588:, which left 7 dead and 80 wounded
457:1892 Indianapolis streetcar strike
383:St. Louis Streetcar Strike of 1900
14:
336:1929 New Orleans streetcar strike
1221:
1167:Gulf Coast longshoremen's strike
1079:Pressed Steel Car strike of 1909
859:"Street Car Strike in Charlotte"
830:"Woman and Boy Shot in Car Riot"
28:
863:The Charlotte–Mecklenburg Story
496:1907, San Francisco, California
1069:1905 Chicago teamsters' strike
995:Cotton pickers' strike of 1891
544:1916-17, Springfield, Missouri
340:Atlanta transit strike of 1950
116:North American transit strikes
1:
1263:Strikes in the United States
1161:West Coast waterfront strike
945:American labor union history
669:Norwood, Stephen H. (2002).
549:1917, Twin Cities, Minnesota
379:American Federation of Labor
554:1917, Bloomington, Illinois
1286:
1219:
1094:1913 Ipswich Mills strike
1036:
943:Major armed conflicts in
907:Asahel Curtis photographs
581:Charlotte, North Carolina
122:
27:
1131:Battle of Blair Mountain
1120:1920 Alabama coal strike
635:A Hazard of New Fortunes
502:1908, Pensacola, Florida
1228:Portal:Organized Labour
1149:Columbine Mine massacre
779:The Making of Milwaukee
1099:Colorado Coalfield War
1043:
717:Motorman and Conductor
593:New Orleans, Louisiana
586:1920, Denver, Colorado
524:
441:Twin Cities, Minnesota
432:
1173:Memorial Day massacre
1042:
965:Rock Springs massacre
959:Great Railroad Strike
539:1916, Portland, Maine
522:
421:Kansas City streetcar
415:
702:Norwood, Stephen H.
630:William Dean Howells
507:1910, Columbus, Ohio
419:soldiers guarding a
1063:Colorado Labor Wars
571:streetcar employees
316:From 1895 to 1929,
1044:
1029:Illinois coal wars
983:Thibodaux massacre
756:. pp. 547–553
604:1944, Philadelphia
529:1913, Indianapolis
525:
433:
329:civil insurrection
1235:
1234:
1155:Harlan County War
1143:Hanapepe massacre
1125:Battle of Matewan
1023:Lattimer massacre
989:Morewood massacre
971:Bay View massacre
869:on April 25, 2017
575:1919, Los Angeles
491:1903, Los Angeles
447:Detroit, Michigan
311:
310:
126:Streetcar strikes
83:
82:
1275:
1225:
1189:Related articles
1114:Everett massacre
1101:, including the
1000:Homestead Strike
977:Haymarket affair
937:
930:
923:
914:
888:
885:
879:
878:
876:
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855:
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844:
839:. April 10, 1913
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616:Theodore Dreiser
451:Hazen S. Pingree
241:Century Airlines
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1137:Herrin massacre
1103:Ludlow Massacre
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810:. April 9, 1913
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423:during a 1918
417:National Guard
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402:strikebreakers
387:Pullman Strike
375:Samuel Gompers
364:general strike
360:overhead lines
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334:Following the
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534:1916, Atlanta
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325:United States
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302:Lyft and Uber
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1050:20th century
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871:. Retrieved
867:the original
862:
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841:. Retrieved
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812:. Retrieved
807:
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758:. Retrieved
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247:Philadelphia
192:Portland, ME
174:Indianapolis
168:Philadelphia
138:Indianapolis
125:
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15:
1157:, 1931–1932
1105:, 1913–1914
1065:, 1903–1904
1059:, 1895–1929
1031:, 1898–1899
1019:, 1895–1929
760:October 29,
719:, June 1900
381:called the
272:1980s–2020s
235:1930s–1970s
228:New Orleans
216:New Orleans
210:Los Angeles
204:Twin Cities
144:Los Angeles
1242:Categories
775:John Gurda
688:0807853739
642:References
873:April 24,
843:April 19,
814:April 19,
638:of 1890.
599:Milwaukee
474:Milwaukee
429:conductor
318:streetcar
278:Greyhound
156:Pensacola
132:St. Louis
51:1895–1929
36:Cleveland
895:Archives
463:Brooklyn
425:motorman
408:Examples
366:, as in
180:St. John
162:Columbus
56:Location
34:Boys in
610:Fiction
565:Seattle
377:of the
346:Tactics
321:strikes
296:Toronto
290:Toronto
259:Atlanta
186:Atlanta
74:protest
70:Strikes
66:Methods
1181:, 1938
1175:, 1937
1169:, 1935
1163:, 1934
1151:, 1927
1145:, 1924
1139:, 1922
1133:, 1921
1127:, 1920
1116:, 1916
1025:, 1897
1013:, 1894
1002:, 1892
991:, 1891
985:, 1887
979:, 1886
973:, 1886
967:, 1885
961:, 1877
685:
597:1934,
591:1929,
579:1919,
569:Tacoma
563:1917,
478:1899,
472:1896,
461:1895,
445:1891,
439:1889,
431:strike
222:Denver
833:(PDF)
804:(PDF)
781:, 198
875:2017
845:2016
816:2016
762:2018
683:ISBN
567:and
427:and
304:2019
298:2008
292:2006
286:2005
280:1983
267:1966
261:1950
255:1949
249:1944
243:1932
230:1929
224:1920
218:1920
212:1919
206:1917
200:1917
194:1916
188:1916
182:1914
176:1913
170:1910
164:1910
158:1908
152:1907
146:1903
140:1892
134:1900
48:Date
40:Ohio
618:'s
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835:.
806:.
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681:.
679:36
659:^
632:'
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331:.
76:,
72:,
38:,
936:e
929:t
922:v
877:.
847:.
818:.
764:.
691:.
108:e
101:t
94:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
