John McDouall Stuart - Knowledge (XXG)

2171: 722:, and, contrary to Stuart's instructions, for keeping a personal diary. The party comprised 10 men and 71 horses. Benjamin Head, veteran of the fourth expedition, was still too ill to accompany them. The party made good time to Newcastle Waters, reaching that point on 5 April, and experiencing conflict with the local Aboriginal people once again. Here they rested for a week before Stuart led a scouting party north, finding good water for the main body to move up to. The next stage, however, proved more difficult. Five times Stuart and his scouts tried to find a route towards Victoria River without success. Finally he headed north rather than north-west and was rewarded with a series of small waterholes leading to 1216: 730: 1119: 243: 520:

Creek to re-survey his claims. He left Adelaide with a small party in August 1859. Having surveyed his own claim and several new claims on behalf of his sponsors, Stuart spent the spring and summer exploring the area west of Lake Eyre, finding several more artesian springs. Working through the severe heat of summer, Stuart experienced trouble with his eyes because of the glare, and after some time enduring half rations, all but one of his men refused to leave camp. Contemptuously, Stuart sent them home.

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moved the main body up. Over the next two weeks Stuart made three more attempts to find a practicable route over the plains to the north-west, but without success. Finally, he decided to try heading due north. He was rewarded with the discovery of "a splendid sheet of water" 150 metres (492 ft) wide and 7 kilometres (4 mi) long which he named "Newcastle Water, after his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, Secretary for the Colonies".

286: 430: 1261: 660:. With difficulty, Stuart's party had reached the MacDonnell Ranges when heavy rains came, allowing them to press on northwards at a much better pace. They reached Attack Creek on 24 April 1861, this time finding no sign of the hostile tribesmen that had blocked the last attempt. At about the same time – and unknown to Stuart's party, of course – Burke, Wills and King reached their base camp at 36: 512:

the continent through the centre and discover a suitable route for the telegraph from Adelaide to the north coast. Stuart's friends and sponsors, James & John Chambers and Finke, asked the government to put up £1,000 to equip an expedition to be led by Stuart. The South Australian government, however, ignored Stuart and instead sponsored an expedition led by

453:). Although still well supplied with rations and not short of water, the expedition turned back about 100 kilometres short of the border because they had no more horse shoes (an essential item in that arid, stony region). Importantly, however, Stuart had found another reliable water supply for future attempts: a "beautiful spring" fed by the then-unknown 685:

shots whenever they came near. Provisions were running short and both men and horses were in poor condition. Finally, on 1 July 1861, exactly six months after they had left Chambers Creek, Stuart ordered a return. In the relative cool of the southern winter, they travelled fast, reaching the settled regions of South Australia in September.

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explorers) Stuart generally got on well with the Aboriginal people he encountered but he was unable to negotiate with this group and considered it unsafe to continue. That night, with even the indefatigable Kekwick complaining of weakness, the explorers abandoned their attempt to reach the north coast and reluctantly turned south.

1397:, London, No. 9 Campden Hill Square. In 2011 his grave in Kensal Green cemetery, London, was refurbished to its former glory. In Dysart, Scotland there is also a blue plaque on the house where he was born. The property, John McDouall Stuart View, is available as a holiday let, restored and owned by Fife Historic Buildings Trust. 1189: 693:

However, the prospect of establishing a route for an overland telegraph line became a significant factor. The government finally provided £2,000 at the last minute on condition that Stuart took a scientist with him. James & John Chambers along with William Finke remained the principal private backers.

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and other illnesses had rendered him practically blind, in pain and in such poor health that he spent some (900 km) of the return journey of his last expedition (1861–1862) being carried on a litter between two horses. He never recovered his health. He prepared his diaries for publication and on

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with its hoof, rendering him unconscious then trampling his right hand, dislocating two joints and tearing flesh and nail from the first finger. At first it was feared amputation would be necessary, but Stuart and Waterhouse (the naturalist, appointed by the Government) were able to catch up with the

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On 2 March 1860 the three men left Chambers Creek, aiming to find the centre of Australia. As always, Stuart travelled light, taking only as much as could be carried on a few pack horses. The secret to successful exploration, in Stuart's view, was to travel fast and avoid the delays and complications

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At much the same time, the wealthy rival colony Victoria was preparing the biggest and most lavishly equipped expedition in Australia's history; the Victorian Exploring Expedition, to be led by Robert O'Hara Burke. The South Australian government offered a reward of £2,000 to any person able to cross

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Soon after his return from his first expedition, Stuart applied for a pastoral lease at Chambers Creek. Considered the discoverer, he was already entitled to a lease, but wanted rights to a larger area. As a bargaining chip in the negotiation process, Stuart offered to do the surveying himself and in

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While Stuart was responsible for naming a large number of topographical features for friends, backers and fellow explorers, he was sparing in the use of his own name. Central Mount Stuart, which he reckoned to be the geographical centre of Australia, he had designated "Central Mount Sturt" to honour

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in 1858. Leaving the main expedition to rest, he led a series of small parties in that direction, but was blocked by thick scrub and a complete lack of water. After a great deal of effort, the scouting parties managed to find another watering point 80 kilometres (50 mi) further north and Stuart

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It was 2,400 kilometres to Adelaide, all three men had scurvy, supplies were very short, the horses were in poor condition, and the country was drying out. Nevertheless, the party pressed on at Stuart's customary rapid pace. They reached the safety of Chambers Creek in August. A few days earlier, on

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I have named this "The Spring of Hope". It is a little brackish, not from salt, but soda, and runs a good stream of water. I have lived upon far worse water than this: to me it is of the utmost importance, and keeps my retreat open. I can go from here to Adelaide any time of the year and in any sort

394:' station Oratunga, taking as companions two of Chambers' employees (a white man named Forster and a young Aboriginal man), half a dozen horses, and rations for six weeks, all provided by Chambers, a pocket compass and a watch. From the Flinders Ranges, Stuart travelled west, passing to the south of 590:

The explorers were unable to progress much further north. Lack of water forced them back again and again. Stuart's scurvy was growing worse, Head was now half his original weight, and only Kekwick remained capable of heavy work. Then, on 22 May, it rained. With water now available nearly every day,

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William Kekwick, his remaining companion, was reputed for his steadfastness and would stay with Stuart for the remainder of his career, usually organising the supply bases while Stuart scouted ahead. Kekwick went south for provisions and more men, returning with 13 horses, rations for three months,

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Aboriginal people defended their country from trespassers. On 26 June they raided the explorers' camp. One stole the shoeing rasp (which Stuart was able to recover); others threw boomerangs at the horses and set fire to the grass around the camp. Like Sturt (and unlike some of the other Australian

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From here, however, progress seemed impossible. A four-day excursion to the north-west found no water at all and they had to retreat. After giving the horses a week to recover, they tried heading due north. They found another creek (later named Attack Creek) but were blocked by heavy scrub. Unlike

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trousers and an unfashionable long-tailed blue coat with brass buttons and cabbage-tree hat. He was able to endure privations and possessed a fierce determination which overrode any thought of personal comfort. He was not particularly gregarious; he had some good friends but seemed happiest away

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while Stuart tried to find a north-westward route to take them to Victoria River and thus the sea. The local Aboriginal people were wary of trespassers on their land, lighting fires around the camp and spooking the horses, and Kekwick had to mount an armed sentry with instructions to fire warning

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In 1844 Captain Sturt embarked on an expedition into the arid interior, and engaged Stuart as a draughtsman. Sturt's expedition penetrated further north than any previous attempt, at the cost of great hardship. Instead of the hoped-for inland sea, the explorers found two of the most fearsome arid

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When Stuart learned that Burke and Wills were missing he immediately offered to join the search for them. The first rescue teams had left some time earlier, however, and soon returned with the news that no less than 7 members of the largest and best-equipped expedition in Australia's history had

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Meanwhile, Stuart was entangled with other problems. Some of the land he had claimed and surveyed in the Chambers Creek district on his second trip had in fact already been explored and claimed by people attracted to the area by reports of Stuart's first trip. Stuart needed to return to Chambers

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and New South Wales. Several of the mainland colonies were competing to host the Australian terminus of the telegraph: Western Australia and New South Wales proposed long undersea cables; South Australia proposed employing the shortest possible undersea cable and bringing the telegraph ashore in

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all contending for the honour of discovery. Like the interior of Africa, inland Australia remained an embarrassing blank area on the map and although the long-held dreams of a fertile inland sea had faded, there was an intense desire to see the continent crossed. This was the apex of the age of

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Public exploration mania had cooled considerably. Although Stuart had now led five expeditions into the arid centre of Australia and crossed all but the last few hundred miles of the continent without losing a man, the South Australian government was initially reluctant to back a sixth effort.

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Stuart left Chambers Creek with a dozen men, 49 horses and rations for 30 weeks on 1 January 1861. It was high summer in South Australia and the worst possible time for travelling. Stuart was soon forced to send two men and the five weakest horses back. The heat was extreme and the party often

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In March 2010, the McDouall Stuart Lodge of Freemasons in Alice Springs commissioned a 4-metre high ferro-concrete statue of Stuart for donation to the Alice Springs Town Council to commemorate the 150th anniversary of Stuart's fourth expedition, during which he had reached the centre of the

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There is a high mount about two miles to the NNE which I hoped would be in the centre but on it tomorrow I will raise a cone of stones and plant the Flag there and will name it Mount Sturt after my excellent and esteemed commander of the expedition in 1844 and 45, Captain Sturt, as a mark of

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James Chambers put forward a plan for Stuart and Kekwick to return north with a government-provided armed guard to see them past the difficulties at Attack Creek. The government prevaricated and quibbled about cost, personnel, and ultimate control of the expedition, but eventually agreed to

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On 14 May 1858, with financial backing from William Finke, Stuart set off on the first of his six major expeditions. His aim was to find minerals, a land which the local Aboriginal people called Wingillpinin, and new grazing land in the north-west of South Australia. Stuart set out from

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Stuart led the first successful expedition to traverse the Australian mainland from south to north and return, through the centre of the continent. His experience and the care he showed for his team ensured he never lost a man, despite the harshness of the country he encountered.

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The explorations of Stuart eventually resulted in the 1863 annexation of a huge area of country to the Government of South Australia. This area became known as the Northern Territory. In 1911 the Commonwealth of Australia assumed responsibility for that area. In 1871–72 the

398:, then north along the western edge of Lake Torrens. He found an isolated chain of semi-permanent waterholes which he named Chambers' Creek (now called Stuart Creek). It later became crucially important as a staging post for expeditions to the arid centre of the continent. 1169: 623:. Stuart had solved that which he attempted with Capt. Sturt 15 years earlier – the riddle of the nature of the centre of the great Australian continent. He was awarded the Royal Geographical Society's Patron's Medal – becoming only the second person to receive both the 277:, at that time little more than a single crowded outpost of tents and dirt-floored wooden huts. Stuart soon found employment with the colony's Surveyor-General, working in the semi-arid scrub of the newly settled districts marking out blocks for settlers and miners. 544:) unexpected rain had ruined most of their stores and they continued on half-rations – something that Head, who had started the trip as a big man and weighed twice as much as Stuart, found difficult to adjust to. Water became more and more difficult to find and 1236:, being initiated in the Lodge of Truth, Adelaide, No. 649 on 1 August 1859, and retained membership until shortly before he returned to England. Another reference has him being inducted into the Lodge of Truth, North Adelaide, No. 933, on 5 April 1860. 508:. From there it would run overland for 3,000 kilometres south to Adelaide. The difficulty was obvious: the proposed route was not only remote and (so far as European settlers were concerned) uninhabited, it was simply a vast blank space on the map. 761:, and there marked a tree "JMDS" and named a nearby watercourse "Thrings Creek". He and his companions had crossed the continent from south to north. The following day Stuart found a sizable tree which he marked with an "S" and there raised the 258:, Scotland, Stuart was the youngest of nine children. His father William Stuart was a retired army captain serving as a customs officer. Stuart's parents died in his early teens and so he came under the care of relatives. He graduated from the 337:, Sturt appointed Stuart in his place. Both men survived to return to Adelaide, but suffered greatly from scurvy. Sturt never really recovered and soon returned to England; the younger Stuart was unable to work or travel for a year. 664:

only to find it deserted. The fourth member of their party, Charles Gray, was already dead; Wills and then Burke perished within a few more days, leaving only King to be sustained by the kindness of the local Aboriginal people.

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and sent McKinlay to report, and to investigate alternative sites for the new settlement. The expedition proved a near-disaster but recommended Port Darwin as a better location. Thring served as manager of stations at

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At around this time in Australia, exploration fever was reaching a peak. Several factors contributed. At "home" (as Australians still called Britain), public attention was focussed on the search for the source of the

564: 206:(7 September 1815 – 5 June 1866), often referred to as simply "McDouall Stuart", was a Scottish explorer and one of the most accomplished of all Australia's inland explorers. 409:

field underfoot) before shortage of provisions and lack of feed for the horses forced him to turn towards the sea 500 kilometres to the south. A difficult journey along the edge of the

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By current standards Stuart was physically a small, wiry man, but in fact he was of average build of western European men at that time. He had a full dark beard and sometimes wore

1425:. He was second-in-command to Stuart on each of his expeditions from the third (1859). On 19 June 1860 Stuart named Kekwick Ponds in the Northern Territory for his trusted deputy. 714:(one of the Chambers brothers' stations) five weeks later. However they did not leave Chambers Creek until 8 January 1862. One of the party, John W. Woodforde, son of the 705:

at North Adelaide on 23 October 1861. Their first stop, before they had reached the town of Gawler, was forced by trouble with their horses. One reared, striking Stuart's

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to Australia at the age of 23. Stuart was a slight, delicately built young man, standing about 5' 6" tall (168 cm) and weighing less than 9 stone (about 54 kg).

445:, himself a keen explorer. The Chambers Creek survey complete, Stuart explored to the north again, aiming to reach the border between South Australia and what is now the 417:) and from there back to civilisation after four months and 2,400 kilometres. This expedition made Stuart's reputation and brought him the award of a gold watch from the 615:

Stuart reached Adelaide in October 1860. Although he had narrowly failed to cross the continent, his achievement in determining the centre was immense, ranked with

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The north-west of South Australia was at that time unexplored, but is now known to be so lacking in water and soil fertility that it remains unsettled to this day.

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after Stuart himself, not his mentor Sturt, and geographers no longer regard it as the true centre of Australia. Nevertheless, it retains its symbolic value.

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delayed while Stuart searched for fodder and water. They were still in northern South Australia on 11 February, the day that Burke and Wills reached the

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He returned in July with reports of "wonderful country"—an extraordinary description of territory that is now barely able to support a few cattle.

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they made good mileage and by mid June were able to reach a riverbed which Stuart named Tennant's Creek (now the site of the township

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The ten successful members of the party are listed here with their age on the day of the expedition's departure from North Adelaide.

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began to set in. Stuart's right eye was failing. Nevertheless, they found a major watercourse in early April which Stuart named the

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It is claimed that he was a member of Stephen Hack's expedition of May and June 1857 looking for grazing country north and west of

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Francis William Thring (1 May 1837 – 17 July 1908) married Clara (c. 1842 – 10 March 1934) in 1868. Among their children were:

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He married Clara Davey (28 January 1843 – 10 March 1934) in 1868 and had thirteen children. They had a home in Regent Street,

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April 1859 he set off with a party of three men and 15 horses. This gained for him the firm support and confidence of the

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Kekwick married Marian Caroline Owen in 1864 and had four children. He was appointed mineral and botanical collector for

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On 22 April 1860, according to Stuart's calculations, the party reached the centre of the continent. Stuart wrote:

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Stuart returned to his trade as a private surveyor, spending more and more time in remote areas, and moving to

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for Britain, initially to visit his sister in Scotland. He died in London two years later, and was buried at

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Conservation . . . graves of William Patrick Auld, James Frew, John McGorrery, Francis William Thring

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presented to him by Elizabeth Chambers, and named the long stretch of beach which lay to the west,

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Adelaide Frances (1883– ) married (Samuel) Hamilton Boyd of Stanley Street, Woodville Park in 1915

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William Francis Thring (1873– ) lived Mount Magnet, married Sarah Jane "Sis" Mowforth in 1902.

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contribute ten armed men and £2,500; and put Stuart in operational command. (In contrast, the

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to the sea. Stuart remained with the Survey Department until 1842 and then worked in the

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Stuart made one last attempt to reach Victoria River before continuing north into the

2194: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1455: 1363: 1359: 1277: 864: 649: 368: 349: 306: 298: 718:, was dismissed by Stuart for insubordination, having refused to be parted with his 1462:. He was a member of Stuart's last two exploration parties, in 1860–61 and 1861–62. 661: 537: 488: 395: 341: 314: 255: 247: 169: 1434:'s expedition to Central Australia, but fell ill before they set out, and died at 1400:

Stuart is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of Australian lizard,

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expedition had cost £9,000 to establish. That expedition had already reached the

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continent. The statue is located in a heritage precinct near the old hospital.

2000: 1981:. Vol. LXXIV, no. 19, 476. South Australia. 15 April 1909. p. 5 1836: 1808: 1768: 1728: 1394: 762: 620: 541: 263: 2078: 2050: 1972: 1864: 1845:. Vol. LXXVII, no. 5, 809. South Australia. 22 May 1920. p. 29 1740: 1701: 1653: 1597: 1576: 1549: 1526:

Beatrice Margaret "Trixie" (1885–) married Charles Edwin Ashford Lucy in 1911

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He was a member of one more brief but noteworthy exploration party, that of

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Ellen Maud Mary Thring (1868 – 2 March 1945) married Walter James Blackmore

2059:. Vol. 22, no. 1, 137. South Australia. 10 March 1934. p. 2 1710:. Vol. XXVI, no. 2534. South Australia. 20 March 1862. p. 2 1634:. Vol. III, no. 711. South Australia. 26 October 1860. p. 4 516:, which failed miserably, failing to travel beyond the settled districts. 2009:. Vol. XXV, no. 1252. South Australia. 2 August 1912. p. 9 1288: 1240: 1228: 753:

was impossible). On 24 July 1862 the expedition reached a muddy beach on

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gratitude for the great kindness I received from him during that journey.

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was also established essentially on his route and was in 1942 named the

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John McDouall Stuart by Mona Stuart Webster. Melbourne University Press

1749:. Adelaide: National Library of Australia. 16 September 1863. p. 2 1662:. Adelaide: National Library of Australia. 27 September 1861. p. 2 1558:. No. 32, 946. New South Wales, Australia. 30 July 1943. p. 4 1439: 738: 505: 360:, exploring, prospecting for minerals, and surveying pastoral leases. 1904: 1606:. Adelaide: National Library of Australia. 11 January 1888. p. 6 668:

Stuart still planned to march north-west towards the known region of

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Explorations in Australia edited by William Hardman. Hesperian Press

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Many years of hard conditions combined with malnutrition, scurvy,

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upland, close to the town of Stuart Range which was changed to

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in his honour, following a recommendation by Governor-General

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was constructed along Stuart's route. The principal road from

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to the Top End in 1865–66. Government had grown impatient at

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Continuing to the north-west, Stuart reached the vicinity of

297:, Stuart's superior officer, was the famous explorer Captain 1929:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. 1382:, both a statue and a monument celebrate his achievements. 2158:

Official Web Site of the John McDouall Stuart Society Inc.

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Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011).

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on the way back to Adelaide. His remains were buried at

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Charlotte (1881– ) married William Garrett Ryan in 1913

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McDouall Stuart Avenue, Whyalla Norrie, South Australia

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for several years before moving again to the northern

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Mabel Alice (1887– ) married Arthur Edwin Box in 1912

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Stuart's sixth expedition was officially launched at

413:brought Stuart to Miller's Water (near present-day 405:(not realising that there was a fantastically rich 193: 177: 155: 136: 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1495:, where he died. His remains were interred at the 726:, about 150 kilometres north of Newcastle Waters. 333:. After his second-in-command James Poole died of 560:, Governor of South Australia, on 12 April 1860. 1414:Among those who shared Stuart's travails were: 773:Members of Stuart's 1861–1862 expedition party 273:at the barely two-year-old frontier colony of 1967: 1965: 1948:"Place Names Register Extract: Kekwick Ponds" 1501:Royal Geographical Society of South Australia 1499:and a monument erected over the grave by the 1444:Royal Geographical Society of South Australia 1442:and a monument erected over the grave by the 348:where he worked for the wealthy pastoralists 269:In January 1839 he arrived aboard the barque 8: 2186:John McDouall Stuart Statue in Alice Springs 2029:"Place Names Register Extract: F. W. Thring" 2181:Searchable Journals of John McDouall Stuart 1345:, an electoral division in South Australia, 2067:– via National Library of Australia. 2017:– via National Library of Australia. 1989:– via National Library of Australia. 1881:– via National Library of Australia. 1853:– via National Library of Australia. 1825:– via National Library of Australia. 1785:– via National Library of Australia. 1718:– via National Library of Australia. 1642:– via National Library of Australia. 1566:– via National Library of Australia. 524:however only a single man; Benjamin Head. 495:Additionally, there was the factor of the 144: 133: 749:(without a chronometer, determination of 533:that always attend a large supply train. 305:, in the process reaching and naming the 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 2083:. John McDouall Stuart Society Inc. 2009 1865:"Heads of South Australian Intelligence" 1393:on the house where he lived and died in 1389:In England, Stuart is commemorated by a 1284:McDouall Peak, a hill in South Australia 779: 697:Sixth expedition (Crossing of Australia) 680:For five more weeks the party camped at 562: 197:Explorer of Australia, surveyor, grazier 1541: 1287:Stuart Street, an arterial road in the 745:, which hadn't, presuming it to be the 612:expedition had finally left Melbourne. 2172:Works by or about John McDouall Stuart 1454:(1 May 1837 – 17 July 1908), born in 1280:. Places named after Stuart include: 583:In fact the mountain became known as 7: 2148:The Journals of John McDouall Stuart 2001:"John McDouall Stuart and his Party" 1323:in the far north of South Australia, 733:Stuart's marked tree at Stuart Point 479:, with the competing expeditions of 309:, travelling the full length of the 58:adding citations to reliable sources 295:Surveyor General of South Australia 260:Scottish Naval and Military Academy 2116:Dictionary of Australian Biography 1905:"John McDouall Stuart blue plaque" 619:'s discovery of the source of the 216:Australian Overland Telegraph Line 25: 2133:John McDouall Stuart Society Inc. 2006:Australian Christian Commonwealth 1927:The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles 1374:honouring Stuart can be found in 1332:, Whyalla Stuart, South Australia 2221:Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery 1550:"Governor-General on N.T. Visit" 627:and a gold watch (the other was 34: 2241:Scottish emigrants to Australia 1870:The South Australian Advertiser 1631:The South Australian Advertiser 45:needs additional citations for 1219:Stuart's funerary monument at 652:in northern New South Wales.) 449:(at that time still a part of 1: 2246:Stuart expedition (1861–1862) 2163:Works by John McDouall Stuart 1684:Rigby Limited, Adelaide 1980 1626:"Exploration of the Interior" 1598:"A Chat with an Old Colonist" 1128:absent: Stuart Nash McGorrery 1126:Frew Kekwick Waterhouse King 325:areas anywhere in Australia: 27:Scottish explorer (1815-1866) 18:Stuart Expedition (1861–1862) 2226:Explorers of South Australia 1809:"Aborigines and Freemasonry" 1798:famous Australian Freemasons 1343:Electoral district of Stuart 1337:Electoral division of Stuart 367:and a private expedition to 289:John McDouall Stuart in 1860 1082:Frederick George Waterhouse 672:, which had been mapped by 608:20 August 1860, the larger 556:, which he named after Sir 439:Governor of South Australia 375:(later to become editor of 262:as a civil engineer before 2262: 2136:Whyalla Stuart High School 1339:in the Northern Territory, 1244:23 April 1864 left aboard 419:Royal Geographical Society 1837:"McDouall Stuart a Mason" 1746:South Australian Register 1729:johnmcdouallstuart.org.au 1707:South Australian Register 1659:South Australian Register 1603:South Australian Register 1555:The Sydney Morning Herald 1376:Victoria Square, Adelaide 1172:Stephen King Jr. ca. 1880 955:Died at Parkside Asylum. 757:, 100 km east of today's 599:those further south, the 558:Richard Graves MacDonnell 536:By the time they reached 443:Richard Graves MacDonnell 143: 2231:People from Dysart, Fife 1814:Saturday Mail (Adelaide) 1192:F.G. Waterhouse ca. 1890 1043:Blinman, South Australia 674:Augustus Charles Gregory 246:Birthplace of Stuart in 2111:"Stuart, John McDouall" 1978:The Register (Adelaide) 1842:The Observer (Adelaide) 1796:freemasonrysaust.org.au 1475:'s lack of progress at 1362:, which was changed to 1232:from crowds. He was a 1211:Character and last days 1106:Magill, South Australia 570:, Australia, after rain 321:as a private surveyor. 281:Charles Sturt's protégé 280: 2211:Explorers of Australia 2153:University of Adelaide 1680:Goyder Kerr, Margaret 1452:Francis William Thring 1419:William Darton Kekwick 1272: 1224: 1203: 1193: 1183: 1173: 1157: 1143: 1129: 1019:William Darton Kekwick 989:Francis William Thring 828:Married King's sister 734: 571: 433: 411:Great Victorian Desert 290: 251: 69:"John McDouall Stuart" 2121:Angus & Robertson 1937:. ("Stuart", p. 257). 1702:"Stuart's Expedition" 1497:West Terrace Cemetery 1263: 1250:Kensal Green Cemetery 1221:Kensal Green Cemetery 1218: 1201: 1191: 1181: 1171: 1151: 1137: 1124:Auld Billiatt Thring 1121: 803:John William Billiatt 732: 710:rest of the party at 566: 432: 288: 245: 2216:Australian surveyors 1315:Central Mount Stuart 1270:Adelaide city centre 1264:Statue of Stuart in 1202:F.W. Thring ca. 1890 1074:Kensal Green, London 1051:John McDouall Stuart 898:William Patrick Auld 857:Nailsworth, Adelaide 703:James Chambers' home 585:Central Mount Stuart 568:Central Mount Stuart 492:heroic exploration. 455:Great Artesian Basin 204:John McDouall Stuart 150:John McDouall Stuart 138:John McDouall Stuart 54:improve this article 2056:The Mail (Adelaide) 1973:"Concerning People" 1025:38 years, 10 months 840:19 years, 10 months 658:Gulf of Carpentaria 2236:Scottish explorers 1460:Duke of Wellington 1330:Stuart High School 1273: 1225: 1204: 1194: 1184: 1182:W.P. Auld ca. 1890 1174: 1158: 1144: 1130: 1089:46 years, 2 months 1012:West Tce, Adelaide 995:24 years, 5 months 982:Payneham, Adelaide 952:West Tce, Adelaide 935:21 years, 9 months 922:West Tce, Adelaide 905:21 years, 5 months 889:West Tce, Adelaide 735: 617:John Hanning Speke 572: 540:(near present-day 447:Northern Territory 434: 327:Sturt Stony Desert 319:Mount Lofty Ranges 313:, and tracing the 291: 252: 2167:Project Gutenberg 1935:978-1-4214-0135-5 1907:. openplaques.org 1892:actpla.act.gov.au 1208: 1207: 1162: 1161: 1112: 1111: 1057:46 years, 1 month 1022:Second in Command 965:23 years, 1 month 808:19 years, 1 month 554:MacDonnell Ranges 528:Fourth expedition 425:Second expedition 201: 200: 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 2253: 2176:Internet Archive 2124: 2093: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2051:"Family Notices" 2047: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2025: 2019: 2018: 2016: 2014: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1969: 1960: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1944: 1938: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1901: 1895: 1889: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1861: 1855: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1833: 1827: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1805: 1799: 1793: 1787: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1769:"Stuart's Party" 1765: 1759: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1741:"Family Notices" 1737: 1731: 1726: 1720: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1698: 1692: 1682:Colonial Dynasty 1678: 1672: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1654:"Stuart's Diary" 1650: 1644: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1622: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1611: 1594: 1588: 1585: 1579: 1574: 1568: 1567: 1565: 1563: 1546: 1403:Ctenotus stuarti 1223:, London in 2014 1164: 1163: 1156:Auld Thring King 1114: 1113: 1102: 1100: 1070: 1068: 1038: 1036: 1008: 1006: 978: 976: 948: 946: 918: 916: 884: 882: 871:21 years, 4 days 853: 851: 821: 819: 780: 682:Newcastle Waters 639:Fifth expedition 514:Alexander Tolmer 470:Third expedition 385:First expedition 184: 166:7 September 1815 165: 163: 148: 134: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2255: 2254: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2191: 2190: 2143: 2107:Serle, Percival 2105: 2102: 2097: 2096: 2086: 2084: 2077: 2076: 2072: 2062: 2060: 2049: 2048: 2044: 2034: 2032: 2031:. NT Government 2027: 2026: 2022: 2012: 2010: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1984: 1982: 1971: 1970: 1963: 1953: 1951: 1950:. NT Government 1946: 1945: 1941: 1924: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1903: 1902: 1898: 1890: 1886: 1876: 1874: 1863: 1862: 1858: 1848: 1846: 1835: 1834: 1830: 1820: 1818: 1807: 1806: 1802: 1794: 1790: 1780: 1778: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1752: 1750: 1739: 1738: 1734: 1727: 1723: 1713: 1711: 1700: 1699: 1695: 1679: 1675: 1665: 1663: 1652: 1651: 1647: 1637: 1635: 1624: 1623: 1619: 1609: 1607: 1596: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1582: 1575: 1571: 1561: 1559: 1548: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1412: 1266:Victoria Square 1258: 1213: 1155: 1154:Nash McGorrery 1153: 1141: 1139: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1103:(aged 83) 1098: 1096: 1071:(aged 51) 1066: 1064: 1039:(aged 50) 1034: 1032: 1009:(aged 71) 1004: 1002: 979:(aged 75) 974: 972: 949:(aged 74) 944: 942: 919:(aged 72) 914: 912: 885:(aged 37) 880: 878: 854:(aged 74) 849: 847: 834:Stephen King jr 822:(aged 77) 817: 815: 769:in her honour. 755:Van Diemen Gulf 699: 646:Burke and Wills 641: 610:Burke and Wills 530: 472: 451:New South Wales 427: 387: 373:Anthony Forster 346:Flinders Ranges 303:New South Wales 283: 275:South Australia 240: 189: 188:London, England 186: 182: 173: 167: 161: 159: 151: 139: 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2259: 2257: 2249: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2193: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2169: 2160: 2155: 2142: 2141:External links 2139: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2070: 2042: 2020: 1992: 1961: 1939: 1918: 1896: 1884: 1856: 1828: 1800: 1788: 1760: 1732: 1721: 1693: 1673: 1645: 1617: 1589: 1580: 1569: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1509: 1504: 1489: 1464: 1463: 1448: 1447: 1427: 1426: 1411: 1408: 1368: 1367: 1356: 1346: 1340: 1333: 1327: 1324: 1318: 1312: 1302: 1299:Stuart Highway 1295: 1285: 1257: 1254: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1205: 1195: 1185: 1175: 1160: 1159: 1145: 1131: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1078: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1047: 1045: 1040: 1029: 1026: 1023: 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He wrote: 435: 400: 396:Lake Torrens 388: 378:The Register 376: 362: 342:Port Lincoln 339: 323: 311:Murrumbidgee 292: 270: 268: 256:Dysart, Fife 253: 220:Port Augusta 212: 208: 203: 202: 183:(1866-06-05) 170:Dysart, Fife 131: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 52:Please help 47:verification 44: 2206:1866 deaths 2201:1815 births 1774:The Journal 1666:28 November 1610:18 December 1391:blue plaque 1378:, while in 1372:James White 1353:Coober Pedy 1307:, an inner 1305:Stuart Park 1276:his friend 1256:Recognition 1142:Auld Thring 724:Daly Waters 550:Finke River 403:Coober Pedy 381:) in 1858. 365:Streaky Bay 181:5 June 1866 110:August 2016 2195:Categories 2119:. Sydney: 1954:14 October 1877:14 October 1849:14 October 1821:14 October 1577:nla.gov.au 1562:13 October 1536:References 1436:Nuccaleena 1410:Associates 1395:Kensington 1291:suburb of 1140:Nash King 1086:Naturalist 960:Heath Nash 763:Union Jack 743:Mary River 601:Warramunga 542:Oodnadatta 462:of season. 264:emigrating 250:, Scotland 238:Early life 172:, Scotland 162:1815-09-07 80:newspapers 1486:Two Wells 1234:Freemason 1054:Commander 902:Assistant 751:longitude 720:greatcoat 712:Moolooloo 497:telegraph 2109:(1949). 1753:12 March 1714:24 March 1493:Parkside 1482:Angaston 1366:in 1933. 1293:Griffith 1289:Canberra 1241:trachoma 1229:moleskin 501:Victoria 329:and the 254:Born in 2174:at the 2151:at the 2100:Sources 2087:20 June 2035:20 June 1781:23 July 1638:4 April 1473:Finniss 1440:Blinman 1423:Warrior 1311:suburb, 1268:in the 1097: ( 1065: ( 1033: ( 1003: ( 973: ( 943: ( 913: ( 879: ( 848: ( 816: ( 739:Top End 506:Top End 94:scholar 2063:13 May 2013:13 May 1985:13 May 1933: 1911:11 May 1688: 1507:Family 1380:Darwin 1360:Stuart 1309:Darwin 798:Notes 759:Darwin 707:temple 689:died. 546:scurvy 485:Burton 415:Ceduna 356:, and 335:scurvy 315:Murray 248:Dysart 232:Gowrie 224:Darwin 96: 89: 82: 75: 67: 1355:, and 1246:Indus 1152:1904 1138:1900 1122:1861 795:Grave 489:Baker 481:Speke 371:with 271:Indus 101:JSTOR 87:books 2089:2019 2065:2023 2037:2019 2015:2023 1987:2023 1956:2019 1931:ISBN 1913:2012 1879:2019 1851:2019 1823:2019 1783:2017 1755:2015 1716:2019 1686:ISBN 1668:2012 1640:2016 1612:2013 1564:2019 1484:and 1335:the 1297:the 1099:1899 1095:1898 1092:1815 1067:1867 1063:1866 1060:1815 1035:1873 1031:1872 1028:1822 1005:1909 1001:1908 998:1837 975:1914 971:1913 968:1838 945:1915 941:1914 938:1840 915:1913 911:1912 908:1840 881:1878 877:1877 874:1840 850:1916 846:1915 843:1841 818:1920 814:1919 811:1842 792:Died 789:Born 621:Nile 487:and 477:Nile 407:opal 293:The 178:Died 156:Born 73:news 2165:at 222:to 56:by 2197:: 2113:. 2053:. 2003:. 1975:. 1964:^ 1867:. 1839:. 1811:. 1771:. 1743:. 1704:. 1656:. 1628:. 1600:. 1552:. 1406:. 1252:. 483:, 441:, 421:. 352:, 234:. 2123:. 2091:. 2039:. 1958:. 1915:. 1757:. 1670:. 1614:. 1503:. 1446:. 1317:, 1301:, 1101:) 1069:) 1037:) 1007:) 977:) 947:) 917:) 883:) 852:) 820:) 164:) 160:( 123:) 117:( 112:) 108:( 98:· 91:· 84:· 77:· 50:. 20:)

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