494:, or most commonly, an animal's "papers". Registration papers may consist of a simple certificate or a listing of ancestors in the animal's background, sometimes with a chart showing the lineage. Usually, there is space for the listing of successive owners, who must sign and date the document if the animal is gifted, leased or sold. Papers transferred upon sale of an animal may be submitted to the registry in order to update the ownership information, and in most cases, the registry will then issue a new set of papers listing the new owner as the proper owner of the horse. Genuine papers are often identifiable as containing the registered
687:'s kennel prefix forms the first part of the dog's registered name. For example, all dogs bred at the Gold Mine Kennels would have names that begin with the words "Gold Mine". Horse breeders are usually not required to do this, but often find it to be a good form of commercial promotion to include a stable name or farm initials in the horse's name. For example, Gold Mine Stables may name give all horses names with the prefix "Gold Mine", "GM", or "GMS". The
560:
36:
432:, where foals with the proper pedigree for registration but do not meet the color standard for the breed, yet may still carry the necessary genetics in a minimally-expressed form, may be registered and bred to fully registered animals, with ensuing offspring eligible for registration if they meet the breed standard.
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Other breeders use themes. For example, a more imaginative breeder at the Gold Mine
Kennels might name all the puppies of one litter after green precious stones: Gold Mine Emerald, Gold Mine Jade, and Gold Mine Peridot. Names for a subsequent litter might start with the adjectives describing precious
702:
Many dog breeders name their puppies sequentially, based on litter identification: Groups of puppies may be organized as Litter A, Litter B, and so on. When this is done, the names of all the puppies in litter A start with the letter "A," then "B" for litter B and so on. Horse breeders, especially in
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or horses is often spotted by a policy to not require any proof of pedigree at all. In the dog world, such registries may not sponsor competitions and thus cannot award championship points to identify the best individuals registered within a particular breed or species. In the less-organized world of
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Many such questionable registries are incorporated as for-profit commercial businesses, in contrast to the formal not-for-profit status of most reputable breed clubs. They may provide volume discounts for registrations by commercial dog breeders such as puppy mills. An unscrupulous registry for dogs
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There are also entities that refer to themselves as registries, but that are thinly veiled marketing devices for vendors of puppies and adult dogs, as well as a means of collecting registration fees from novice dog owners unfamiliar with reputable registries and breed clubs. Although these entities
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route for the incorporation of cross-bred animals. Often such incorporation is limited to females, with the progeny only being accepted as full pedigree animals after several generations of breeding to full-blood males. Such mechanisms may also allow the incorporation of purebred animals descended
458:
breed organizations require a conformation and performance standard for registration, and often allow horses of many different breeds to qualify, though documented pedigrees are usually required. Some breed registries use a form of ROM in which horses at certain shows may be sight classified. For
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In order to minimize the unwieldiness that long and fancy names can bring, registries usually limit the total number of characters and sometimes number of separate words that may compose the animal's registered name. They are often prohibited from using only punctuation or odd capitalization to
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whose parents are known. Animals are usually registered by their breeders while they are young. The terms studbook and register are also used to refer to lists of male animals "standing at stud", that is, those animals actively breeding, as opposed to every known specimen of that breed. Such
259:. While many color breeds are legitimate, some "registries" are primarily a marketing tool for poor quality animals that are not accepted for registration by more mainstream organizations. Other "registries" are marketing attempts to create new horse breeds, usually by breeders using
940:, British White Cattle Society, 1998, ("Base Cow Register" and "Grading-up Regulations"). Allows inclusion of inspected cross-bred female cattle after four generations of crossing with registered males, or inspected pure-bred non-pedigree female cattle after three generations.
339:
A closed stud book allows the breed to stay very pure to its type, but limits its ability to be improved. For instance, in performance disciplines, an animal that is successful in competitions is generally worth more than one that is pure. It also limits the
416:, which allows part-Thoroughbred/part-Quarter Horse foals to be recorded and shown, with full registration allowed after the horse achieves a set performance or merit standard akin to that of a merit registry. Other appendix registries are seen in certain
762:. Only after an animal has achieved a legitimate championship will some registries permit the use of the prefix Ch., or other title before or after their registered name. Some registries may use symbols to designate the status of certain individuals. An
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from a limited set of animals. A related preservation method is backbreeding, used by some equine and canine registries, in which crossbred individuals are mated back to purebreds to eliminate undesirable traits acquired through the crossbreeding.
411:
Some open or partly open registries may permit animals who have some but not all qualifications for full registration to nonetheless be entered in a preliminary recording system often called an "appendix" registry. The most notable is that of the
229:. Some multi-breed clubs also maintain registries, as do non-affiliated breed clubs, and there are a few registries that are maintained by other private entities such as insurance agencies; an example of this in the United States is the
278:
Some registers have the word "registry" in their title used in the sense of "list"; these entities are not registers in the usual sense in that they do not maintain breeding records. In the dog world, listed animals are required to be
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and number of the individual animal and its date of birth, the name of the attesting organization, with the logo if there is one, the name and signature of the registrar or other authorized person, and a corporate stamp or seal.
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criteria that require an animal to meet a certain standard of conformation, performance or both. This allows breeders to modify breeds by including individuals who conform to the breed standard but are of outside origin. Some
463:, winning horses of stock-type breeding receive points for conformation, which are attested to by the judges and recorded in an owner's special book. The points are accumulated to eventually result in a Registry on Merit.
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Europe, sometimes use the first letter of the dam's name as the first letter in the name of all of her offspring. Other breeders may use the same first letter to designate all the foals born on the farm in a given year.
680:) must usually have simple, no-nonsense monikers deemed to be "working dog names" such as "Pal", "Blackie", or "Ginger". The naming rules for independent dog clubs vary but are usually similar to those of kennel clubs.
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create a unique name; names are often published in all capitals on registration papers. Breeders are generally not allowed to use any name that may be obscene or misleading, such as the word 'champion' in a name, a
403:," particularly when the color is not a true-breeding characteristic. However, some breeds have a standard color or color preference that is one criterion among others used to register animals.
952:, Shetland Sheep Society, 2007, (p20: Rule 3.3, "The Experimental Register"). Allows inclusion of inspected non-pedigree female sheep after three generations of crossing with registered males.
363:
In an open stud book, animals may be registered even if their parents or earlier ancestors were not previously registered with that particular entity. Usually an open stud book has strict
336:, although they do compete at those shows in the FSS category. For the breed to move to the Miscellaneous class and then to fully recognized status, the breed's stud book must be closed.
245:
industry, some are marketed as cat registries. At least one group claims to register wild species (held by private individuals rather than by legitimate zoological parks, which use the
275:, where many different sanctioning organizations exist, some groups sponsor their own competitions, though wins at such events seldom carry much prestige in mainstream circles.
766:* may be used to designate an animal born in another country and imported. A plus + may be used to designate a champion or an animal under special registration status.
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A closed stud book is a stud book or breed registry that does not accept any outside blood. The registered animals and all subsequent offspring trace back to the
179:". Registration papers may consist of a simple certificate or a listing of ancestors in the animal's background, sometimes with a chart showing the lineage.
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655:" known as a call name for dogs or a stable name for horses, which is used by their owners or handlers when talking to the animal. For example, the famous
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in which they will compete; and although there are no specific naming requirements, there are many traditions that may be observed in naming.
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as its
Foundation Stock Service. In some cases, an open stud book may eventually become closed once the breed type is deemed to be fully set.
355:, may also have a set of studbook selection criteria where animals must meet either a conformation standard, a performance standard, or both.
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name, address and registered number of the breeder (often defined as the owner of the female at the time of the animal's conception or birth)
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The
Registry on Merit or ROM may be tied to percentage of bloodline, conformation, or classification or may be based solely on performance.
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was known by his stable name, "Big Red." The name can be anything that the animal's owner prefers. For example, the dog that won the 2008
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More controversial open stud books are those where there are few, if any qualifications for animals other than a single trait, such as a "
344:, which may make certain undesirable characteristics become accentuated in the breed, such as a poor conformational fault or a disease.
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A near-comprehensive list of multi-breed registries operating in North
America, flagging questionable registries, has been prepared by
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Some breeders create a name that incorporates or acknowledges the names of the sire, dam or other forebears. For example, the famous
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stones: Gold Mine
Sparkle, Gold Mine Brilliance, and Gold Mine Chatoyant. Breeders may be as creative or as mundane as they wish.
332:; it allows new breeds to develop under its Foundation Stock Service (FSS), but such dogs are not eligible for competition in AKC
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Another form of open registry is a registry based on performance or conformation, called in some societies
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The registered name often refers directly or indirectly to the breeder of the animal. Traditionally, the
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219:(AZA) also maintains stud books for captive species on display ranging from aardvarks to zebras.
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In such registries, an eligible animal that meets certain criteria is eligible to be registered
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regardless of ancestry. In some cases, even unknown or undocumented ancestry may be permitted.
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names of other ancestors, to the number of generations required by the issuing organization
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who meet specific criteria to be registered. One example is the semi-open stud book of the
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Naming rules vary according to the species and breed being registered. For example,
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Documentation usually included on registration certificates or papers includes:
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member of the breed. In horses, an example of a closed stud book is that of the
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organizations create a recording system for tracking the competition records of
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other breeds into the line to emphasize certain traits, to keep the breed from
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Breed registries usually issue certificates for each recorded animal, called a
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Finnhorse's registration, studbook registration, awarding and use to breeding
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Some closed stud books, particularly for certain
European breeds such as the
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registries usually issue certificates for each recorded animal, called a
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Along with a registered name, these animals often also have a simpler "
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In some agricultural breeds, an otherwise closed registry includes a
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283:. The American Mixed Breed Obedience Registry is an example. Some
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always maintain registries, either directly or through affiliated
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Registration papers are sometimes used as certificates of title.
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Dogs in the breed registry of a working dog club (particularly
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name and address of the original owner who registered the foal.
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also has such problematic registries, particularly for certain
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generally focus on dogs, particularly in relationship to the
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British White Cattle
Society Constitution, Rules and Byelaws
754:, or anything that can be mistaken for the name of another
628:, that is, the name under which they are registered as a
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In some registries, breeders may apply for permission to
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out of Belle's Good Cide, and the famous race horse
396:from unregistered stock or of uncertain parentage.
162:, is an official list of animals within a specific
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
263:to create a new type, but the animals are not yet
474:, and some other breeds with a heavy emphasis on
919:Finnhorse's conformation and health requirements
541:or to alleviate problems caused in the breed by
836:"Association of Zoos and Aquariums - Studbooks"
1015:See the American Border Collie Association's
1010:hog registration and identification standards
295:is one organization that uses such a system.
27:List of animal species, subspecies or lineage
8:
726:. Some names are a little less direct; 2003
950:Shetland Sheep Society Information Handbook
588:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
632:with the appropriate breed registry, and
608:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
320:, with a stud book tracing to 1791. The
237:organizations also maintain registries.
210:European Association of Zoos and Aquaria
827:
470:registries, in particular those of the
191:for several species of animal, such as
550:Registered names and naming traditions
512:In dogs, details of originating litter
506:name of sire (father) and dam (mother)
7:
586:adding citations to reliable sources
466:Registry on Merit is prevalent with
312:. This ensures that the animal is a
58:adding citations to reliable sources
293:United States Equestrian Federation
1012:by the Heritage Hog Breeders Club.
987:2008 Winner of Best in Show Trophy
414:American Quarter Horse Association
25:
877:. Kyhorsepark.com. Archived from
742:was by Polynesian out of Geisha.
216:Association of Zoos and Aquariums
175:, or most commonly, an animal's "
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459:example, at qualifying shows in
328:with primarily closed books for
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673:, with the call name of "Uno".
187:There are breed registries and
45:needs additional citations for
529:Crossbreeding and backbreeding
492:pedigreed animal documentation
173:pedigreed animal documentation
1:
381:
644:must be registered with the
838:. Aza.org. 24 February 2012
811:Coefficient of relationship
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861:December 20, 2005, at the
430:American Cream Draft Horse
1017:Registry on Merit Program
1008:An example of acceptable
776:List of cattle herd books
454:In the horse world, many
1050:Horse breeding and studs
671:K-Run's Park Me In First
924:27 October 2020 at the
905:17 October 2016 at the
420:of horses, such as the
1024:Canada's Guide To Dogs
962:Becker, Frank (2013).
378:American Quarter Horse
875:"Kentucky Horse Park"
515:identifiable markings
992:May 9, 2008, at the
669:show (US) was named
642:conformation showing
582:improve this section
436:Performance or merit
426:American Paint Horse
386:American Kennel Club
322:American Kennel Club
54:improve this article
881:on 21 December 2003
407:Appendix registries
324:is an example of a
299:Types of stud books
231:Field Dog Stud Book
183:Types of registries
801:Selective breeding
691:, which registers
442:Registry on Merit.
365:studbook selection
334:conformation shows
213:(EAZA) and the US
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816:Pet naming
806:Inbreeding
732:Funny Cide
724:Poco Bueno
712:Doc O'Lena
663:Man o' War
660:race horse
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110:March 2008
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598:May 2018
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468:sheepdog
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18:Studbook
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304:Closed
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