571:
191:-generated), and one byte is for subcode. Frames are arranged in sectors, which contain 98 frames each. The subcode bytes of the first two frames of a sector are used as two synchronization words. The subcode bytes of the remaining 96 frames of a sector are split into eight 96-bit long subcode channels (also called subchannels or simply channels) by putting together the nth bit of each subcode byte. Each channel has a bit rate of 7.35 kbit/s.
1202:
1222:
36:
1212:
350:
Both the P and Q channels on a regular audio CD are used for timing information. They assist the CD player in tracking the current location on the disc, and to provide the timing information for the time display on the CD player. The rest are not used in the Red Book specification.
468:
for each track (applicable to CD-DA only). The ISRC is used by the media industry, and contains information about the country of origin, the year of publication, owner of the rights, as well as a serial
1028:
365:
Channel. It indicates a start of a new track by at least two consecutive seconds (150 sectors) of all 1s, and the last block with all 1s is the first block of the new track.
396:: Indicates that this track contains data (rather than audio). Can be used for muting in audio CD players. Not used in the original CD-DA standard, added in the
448:(if the Q channel is in the lead-in area), or timing information for the current track (if the Q channel is in the program and lead-out areas of a session).
1033:
187:. The data in a CD are arranged in frames. A frame comprises 33 bytes, of which 24 bytes are audio or user data, eight bytes are error correction (
1038:
899:
387:
151:(CD) in addition to digital audio or user data, which is used for control and playback of the CD. The original specification was defined in the
656:
465:
188:
53:
428:: The next four bits indicate the mode of the Q channel, which can vary from 1 to 3, and define the structure and contents of the next bits.
852:
532:
374:
is used for control purposes of more sophisticated players. It has three different modes, but with a common structure for all of them.
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756:
194:
Each subcode bit/subchannel is designated by a letter from P to W. The following diagram illustrates how the channels are laid out:
119:
100:
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72:
719:
57:
79:
495:
are unused by Red Book compliant CDs and Yellow Book compliant CD-ROMs, and have been used for extensions to the standard:
1121:
407:
505:
standard for audio CDs. It allows for storage of additional information (e.g. album name, song name, and artist) on the
502:
1081:
904:
361:
is a simple "pause music" flag, which can be used for low-cost search systems. Many players ignore it in favor of the
86:
862:
684:
649:
441:
180:
156:
434:: The next 72 bits contain Q-channel data, and their structure depends on the mode defined in the previous bits.
68:
1215:
819:
734:
746:
475:
46:
957:
847:
842:
802:
570:
455:
152:
1246:
1205:
936:
877:
642:
594:
1221:
1187:
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1012:
914:
544:
797:
559:
480:: The last 16 bits contain an error detection code computed over the previous bits of the channel.
93:
979:
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563:
1069:
919:
767:
513:
subcode channels on the disc (either in the lead-in area or in the program or main area).
1177:
1106:
1054:
994:
809:
380:: The first four bits are used for control, each being a flag for a different feature:
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837:
777:
615:
729:
679:
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445:
148:
417:
35:
1126:
924:
894:
857:
1167:
1136:
1101:
989:
984:
967:
929:
27:
Data contained in a compact disc in addition to digital audio or user data
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814:
782:
1152:
1116:
867:
772:
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540:
536:
498:
164:
159:, though further specifications have extended their use (including the
17:
1225:
1162:
704:
397:
184:
160:
144:
761:
517:
390:(applies only to CD-DA). This is very rarely used on Compact Discs.
168:
724:
714:
595:"Data Interchange on Read-only 120 mm Optical Data Disks (CD-ROM)"
1076:
792:
694:
638:
634:
1157:
29:
420:(applies only to CD-DA). Used very rarely on Compact Discs.
539:
neglect to copy subcode data due to the obscurity of it.
1145:
1047:
1021:
1005:
950:
830:
672:
410:
to indicate permission to digitally copy the track.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
528:subcode channels to store low resolution graphics.
650:
147:specification) refers to data contained in a
8:
466:International Standard Recording Code (ISRC)
384:Four-channel Compact Disc digital audio flag
657:
643:
635:
454:: In this mode, the data bits contain the
440:: In this mode, the data bits contain the
589:
587:
585:
464:: In this mode, the data bits contain an
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
196:
179:Subchannel data is multiplexed with the
581:
543:can read subcode data and save it to a
520:or "karaoke" extension also uses the
7:
1211:
416:: The audio track was recorded with
58:adding citations to reliable sources
566:on the back labeled "Subcode Out".
558:Some older CD players, such as the
25:
1220:
1210:
1201:
1200:
569:
386:: indicates that the track uses
34:
1039:Optical disc authoring software
535:made use of the fact that some
45:needs additional citations for
562:PD-5010, have a socket for an
1:
408:Serial Copy Management System
564:eight-pin mini-DIN connector
404:Digital copy permission flag
616:"INFORMATION ON CD FORMATS"
1263:
1029:CD copy protection schemes
456:Media Catalog Number (MCN)
157:Compact Disc Digital Audio
1196:
951:Hardware/software/content
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
273:
265:
199:
1034:CD player manufacturers
533:copy protection systems
501:is an extension to the
476:Cyclic redundancy check
200:Subcode / control byte
537:disk copying utilities
69:"Compact Disc subcode"
1048:Variants based on CD
1013:Orange-Book-Standard
545:CloneCD Control File
54:improve this article
973:Portable CD player
853:CD copy protection
554:Jack on CD players
388:four-channel audio
1234:
1233:
1070:Video Single Disc
597:. ECMA. June 1996
442:Table of Contents
414:Pre-emphasis flag
343:
342:
185:user digital data
171:specifications).
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104:
16:(Redirected from
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1102:Hybrid DVD-Audio
863:CD manufacturing
803:business card CD
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400:specifications.
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137:subchannel data
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1055:5.1 Music Disc
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995:Mini CD single
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406:: Used by the
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110:September 2014
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838:Rainbow Books
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778:Mixed Mode CD
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181:digital audio
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155:standard for
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141:control bytes
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1247:Compact disc
1111:Scarlet Book
884:
858:CD emulation
843:CD authoring
666:Compact disc
623:. Retrieved
620:www.csun.edu
619:
610:
599:. Retrieved
568:
557:
525:
521:
510:
506:
491:
487:
485:
474:
461:
458:of the disc.
451:
437:
431:
425:
418:pre-emphasis
413:
403:
393:
383:
378:Control bits
377:
370:
368:
362:
357:
355:
349:
274:Sync word 2
266:Sync word 1
193:
178:
149:compact disc
140:
136:
132:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1107:Hybrid SACD
1086:Purple Book
1006:Court cases
980:CD recorder
878:CD bronzing
709:Yellow Book
699:Orange Book
1226:Wiktionary
1127:Picture CD
925:Rock Ridge
895:CD-i Ready
885:CD subcode
868:CD ripping
848:CD burning
831:Technology
820:White Book
787:Beige Book
735:Green Book
625:2022-06-26
601:2009-04-26
577:References
80:newspapers
1168:LaserDisc
1137:VinylDisc
990:CD single
985:CD ripper
968:CD player
930:ISO 13490
905:El Torito
900:4ch CD-DA
798:shaped CD
764:(Karaoke)
751:Blue Book
486:Channels
432:Data bits
426:Mode bits
394:Data flag
339:Frame 98
334:Frame ..
329:Frame ..
324:Frame ..
175:Structure
1241:Category
1206:Category
1173:MiniDisc
1146:See also
1132:VideoNow
1092:DualDisc
1065:CD Video
1060:ATRAC CD
963:CD drive
910:ISO 9660
890:C2 error
783:Photo CD
689:Red Book
531:Several
524:through
509:through
503:Red Book
490:through
462:Q Mode 3
452:Q Mode 2
438:Q Mode 1
369:Channel
356:Channel
346:Channels
279:Frame 3
271:Frame 2
263:Frame 1
234:Channel
153:Red Book
139:(called
1216:Commons
1153:Blu-ray
1117:MovieCD
958:CD Case
773:Mini CD
768:Gold CD
742:CD-Text
560:Pioneer
541:CloneCD
499:CD-Text
469:number.
446:session
444:of the
317:Channel
312:Channel
307:Channel
302:Channel
297:Channel
292:Channel
287:Channel
282:Channel
165:CD Text
143:in the
133:Subcode
94:scholar
18:Subcode
1163:HD DVD
1122:MP3 CD
915:Joliet
873:CD rot
720:CD-MRW
705:CD-ROM
398:CD-ROM
161:CD-ROM
145:CD-ROM
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1082:DD-CD
1022:Lists
920:Romeo
757:CD+EG
725:CD-MO
715:CD-RW
685:CD-DA
673:Discs
319:data
314:data
309:data
304:data
299:data
294:data
289:data
284:data
101:JSTOR
87:books
1188:WORM
1178:SACD
1097:HDCD
1077:cDVD
942:XRCD
810:SVCD
793:PMCD
762:CD+G
730:CD-i
695:CD-R
518:CD+G
516:The
478:bits
205:Bit
189:CIRC
169:CD+G
167:and
73:news
1183:UMD
1158:DVD
937:UDF
815:VCD
747:CD+
183:or
135:or
56:by
1243::
680:CD
618:.
584:^
258:W
255:V
252:U
249:T
246:S
243:R
240:Q
237:P
229:1
226:2
223:3
220:4
217:5
214:6
211:7
208:8
163:,
658:e
651:t
644:v
628:.
604:.
547:.
526:W
522:R
511:W
507:R
492:W
488:R
371:Q
363:Q
358:P
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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