72:
53:
1910:
1930:
1920:
612:
By the early 19th century, the Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga empire had begun to break up. After 1806, the empire's constituent parts effectively became principalities, and the cultural unity that had hitherto existed between the Malay
Peninsula and the islands of Riau-Lingga was gradually destroyed. The
633:
From here, the Raja
Bendahara of Pahang grew increasingly independent. While Bendahara Tun Ali had acknowledged Abdul Rahman as his overlord, the Anglo-Dutch Treaty confined the Sultan to Riau-Lingga, where he was deemed a vassal of the Dutch, and prevented him from exercising his control over the
617:
in 1824 further undermined the cohesion of the Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga empire and contributed to the emergence of Pahang and Johor as independent states. The Treaty confirmed, among other things, that the islands south of
Singapore, including Java and Sumatra, were to remain the preserve of the
618:
Dutch, while the
Peninsula would be within the British sphere of influence. The Malay Rulers were not consulted about the Treaty, and the Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga empire became irrevocably divided when a succession dispute gave rise to two centres of power, one in
570:
Tun Abdul Jalil became Sultan of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga and assumed the title Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah IV. His appointment was accepted by Johor chiefs based on an understanding that the
Bendahara would succeed to the throne if the Sultan died without heirs.
340:. A self rule was established in Pahang in the late 18th century, with Tun Abdul Majid declared as the first Raja Bendahara. The area around Pahang formed a part of the hereditary domains attached to this title and administered directly by the
359:, renounced his allegiance to the Sultan of Johor and became independent ruler of Pahang. He was able to maintain peace and stability during his reign, but his death in 1857 precipitated civil war between his sons. The younger son
375:
and the
Siamese, Wan Ahmad emerged victorious, establishing controls over important towns and expelled his brother in 1863. He served as the last Raja Bendahara, and was proclaimed Sultan of Pahang by his chiefs in 1881.
634:
Malay
Peninsula, which had come under the British. Bendahara Tun Ali declared his autonomy from the empire by 1853. He was able to maintain peace and stability during his reign, but his death in 1858 precipitated
976:
1975:
1966:
1107:
273:. At the height of its influence, the Sultanate was an important power in Southeast Asian history and controlled the entire Pahang basin, bordering to the north, the
973:
2192:
2187:
1959:
344:. The weakening of the Johor sultanate and the disputed succession to the throne was matched by an increasing independence of the great territorial magnates; the
2202:
1952:
1184:
701:
239:
269:
Over the years, Pahang grew independent from
Melakan control and at one point even established itself as a rival state to Melaka until the latter's
2197:
1313:
1145:
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1079:
1061:
474:
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459:
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210:
in the state and the source of all titles, honours and dignities in the state. Historically, the title was also used by rulers of the
731:. Sultan Abdullah became King of Malaysia on 31 January 2019, shortly after he replaced his father as Sultan of Pahang on 11 January.
2090:
1266:
757:
589:
123:
2136:
2106:
1449:
1175:
321:. After a period of union with Johor, it was eventually revived as a modern sovereign Sultanate in the late 19th century by the
2167:
1306:
689:
2126:
1249:
741:
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2065:
486:
1301:
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1273:
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2035:
996:
643:
270:
1329:
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230:
and the entire southerly part of the peninsula. Throughout its pre-Melakan history, Pahang was established as a
226:
appeared in foreign records from as early as 5th century and at its height, covered much of the modern state of
1794:
1498:
601:
444:
509:
2080:
1994:
1344:
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133:
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2025:
1493:
717:
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402:
1789:
1354:
1278:
638:
among his sons, Tun
Mutahir and Tun Ahmad, the result of which the formation of modern Pahang Sultanate.
516:, he reigned until 1677. With the decline of Aceh, Johor-Pahang gradually extend its suzerainty over the
2059:
1998:
1809:
1799:
1753:
721:
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627:
619:
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2015:
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1334:
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314:
309:
raids in the early 17th century, Pahang entered into the amalgamation with the successor of Melaka,
1743:
1513:
1472:
1283:
1241:
707:
655:
534:– heir apparent to the Johor throne who ruled Pahang as separate dominion until his death in 1676.
71:
2075:
2045:
2020:
2004:
1224:
728:
223:
203:
84:
1804:
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294:
57:
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2131:
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1409:
1389:
1229:
695:
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259:
255:
211:
2111:
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1989:
1913:
1638:
1608:
1583:
1573:
1434:
1161:
980:
318:
310:
290:
286:
278:
274:
724:
on 6 January 2019, allowing his son to become Sultan of Pahang and thus King of
Malaysia.
1850:
1758:
1748:
1728:
1578:
1424:
1419:
1414:
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341:
329:
306:
302:
111:
52:
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1840:
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118:
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337:
298:
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496:
281:
to the south. To the west, it also extends jurisdiction over part of modern-day
1923:
1944:
1855:
1738:
1653:
1613:
1538:
1508:
1503:
531:
372:
349:
243:
1875:
1835:
1668:
1533:
567:
512:
died and Raja Bujang emerged as the new ruler of Johor-Pahang. Installed as
345:
247:
1022:
254:. Around the middle of the 15th century, it was brought into the orbit of
1865:
1773:
1763:
1723:
1678:
1643:
1138:
Towards a history of Laem Thong and Sri Vijaya (Asian studies monographs)
289:. During this period, Pahang was heavily involved in attempts to rid the
282:
263:
1819:
1768:
1683:
1593:
1553:
1528:
1523:
1198:
508:
From 1623, Pahang was nominally merged with Johor when Johor's Sultan
1688:
1603:
1598:
1563:
1558:
1457:
1188:
752:
231:
227:
199:
1072:
From Inderapura to Darul Makmur, A Deconstructive History of Pahang
1518:
1202:
1153:
921:
919:
917:
207:
1056:, vol. 16 – The Rulers of Malaysia, Editions Didier Millet,
262:
in 1470, following the coronation of the grandson of the former
1948:
1157:
1122:, Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Kuala Lumpur,
1090:
Lost Kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Early Southeast Asia
173:
332:
came into existence with the consolidation of power by the
190:
32:
1140:, Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University,
198:) is the title of the hereditary constitutional head of
949:
925:
908:
896:
872:
352:
in Johor and Singapore, and the Yamtuan Muda in Riau.
85:
Al-Sultan Abdullah Ri'ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah
2046:
Al-Sultan Abdullah Riayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah
2099:
1982:
1884:
1828:
1782:
1481:
1448:
1382:
1373:
1322:
1209:
328:After a period of union with Johor, the autonomous
168:
157:
139:
129:
117:
107:
102:
98:
64:
23:
16:Hereditary constitutional head of Pahang, Malaysia
558:Sultan of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga (Johor Empire)
504:Sultan of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga (Johor Empire)
991:
989:
58:Arms of His Royal Highness the Sultan of Pahang
997:"Malaysia crowns Sultan Abdullah as 16th King"
626:, r. 1812–1832) and the other in Johor (under
363:challenged the succession of his half-brother
1960:
1169:
836:
824:
716:. Sultan Ahmad abdicated in ill health after
8:
729:Abdullah Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah
454:reign jointly with Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah
1967:
1953:
1945:
1379:
1176:
1162:
1154:
1023:"Sultan Abdullah proclaimed Pahang sultan"
20:
1108:"From Pre-Malaccan period to present day"
336:, following the gradual dismemberment of
204:Al-Sultan Abdullah ibni Sultan Ahmad Shah
293:of the various foreign imperial powers;
191:
33:
961:
937:
884:
848:
788:
769:
708:Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin al-Mu’azzam Shah
2193:People from the Federated Malay States
2188:1880s establishments in British Malaya
812:
800:
367:, in a dispute that escalated into a
7:
1919:
860:
983:, National Archives, mdpekan.gov.my
776:
463:reign jointly with Abdul Jamal Shah
421:reign jointly with Abdul Jamil Shah
355:In 1853, the fourth Raja Bendahara
2203:20th-century Malaysian politicians
974:History of the Sultanate of Pahang
258:and subsequently established as a
202:, Malaysia. The current sultan is
14:
758:Family tree of Malaysian monarchs
702:Abdullah al-Mu’tassim Billah Shah
124:Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim Alam Shah
1928:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1052:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid (2011),
412:reign jointly with Mansur Shah I
371:. Supported by the neighbouring
70:
51:
266:as the first Sultan of Pahang.
238:of some major regional Malayic
1136:Rajani, Chand Chirayu (1987),
1092:, Metropolitan Museum of Art,
742:Family tree of Pahang monarchs
1:
2198:19th-century monarchs in Asia
2142:Dr. Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar
2081:Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah
2056:Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah
714:Ahmad Shah Al-Musta’in Billah
1054:The Encyclopedia of Malaysia
950:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
926:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
909:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
897:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
873:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
145:; 554 years ago
2183:1881 establishments in Asia
2178:1470 establishments in Asia
1976:Heads of states in Malaysia
579:(Bendahara Tun Abdul Jalil)
514:Abdul Jalil Riayat Shah III
475:Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah
317:, was also crowned the 7th
2219:
2112:Dr. Mohd. Ali Mohd. Rustam
2091:Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin
1400:Cameron Highlands District
739:
677:later proclaimed as Sultan
1904:
1195:
1118:Linehan, William (1973),
624:Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah
584:Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah
460:Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah
277:, and adjoins to that of
192:
94:
81:
69:
50:
43:
34:
31:
1795:Bandar Damansara Kuantan
979:15 December 2014 at the
608:Raja Bendahara of Pahang
590:Abdul Jalil Muazzam Shah
530:1641–1676: Yamtuan Muda
313:, when its 14th Sultan,
76:Abdullah in October 2019
683:Sultan of Modern Pahang
260:vassal Muslim Sultanate
2168:Sultanates in Malaysia
2122:Ahmad Fuzi Abdul Razak
2071:Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin
1494:Bandar Tun Abdul Razak
1106:Khoo, Gilbert (1980),
1070:Farish A Noor (2011),
718:Muhammad V of Kelantan
690:Ahmad al-Mu’azzam Shah
1871:FELDA Kota Gelanggi 2
1800:Bandar Indera Mahkota
1307:Flag and coat of arms
510:Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah
90:since 11 January 2019
1074:, Silverfish Books,
526:Abdul Jalil Shah III
487:Abdul Jalil Shah III
481:Alauddin Riayat Shah
373:Terengganu Sultanate
315:Abdul Jalil Shah III
305:. After a period of
212:Old Pahang Sultanate
206:. He is the Head of
2007:(the Prince Regent)
1790:Bandar Baru Chendor
1314:Tourist attractions
577:Abdul Jalil Shah IV
518:Riau-Lingga islands
2016:Sultan Sallehuddin
1088:Guy, John (2014),
837:Farish A Noor 2011
825:Farish A Noor 2011
615:Anglo-Dutch Treaty
553:House of Bendahara
439:Zainal Abidin Shah
409:Abdul Jamil Shah I
224:Old Pahang Kingdom
161:Istana Abu Bakar,
130:First monarch
119:Heir apparent
112:His Royal Highness
2173:History of Pahang
2163:Sultans of Pahang
2150:
2149:
2026:Sultan Muhammad V
1942:
1941:
1900:
1899:
1846:FELDA New Zealand
1463:Genting Highlands
1440:Temerloh District
1405:Jerantut District
1147:978-9745-675-01-8
1129:978-0710-101-37-2
1120:History of Pahang
1112:New Straits Times
1099:978-0300-204-37-7
1081:978-983-3221-30-1
1063:978-981-3018-54-9
1029:. 15 January 2019
1003:. 1 February 2019
1001:The Straits Times
596:Ahmad Riayat Shah
323:Bendahara dynasty
275:Pattani Sultanate
184:
183:
2210:
2132:Juhar Mahiruddin
1969:
1962:
1955:
1946:
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1922:
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1911:
1499:Bandar Tun Razak
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1390:Bentong District
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722:King of Malaysia
630:, r.1819–1835).
451:Abdul Jamal Shah
390:Sultan of Pahang
334:Bendahara family
256:Melaka Sultanate
197:
196:
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187:Sultan of Pahang
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2060:the Deputy King
2031:Negeri Sembilan
1978:
1973:
1943:
1938:
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1880:
1824:
1778:
1639:Kuala Tembeling
1609:Kota Shahbandar
1477:
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981:Wayback Machine
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644:Tun Abdul Majid
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602:Mahmud Shah III
560:
555:
506:
392:
387:
385:House of Melaka
382:
348:in Pahang, the
319:Sultan of Johor
287:Negeri Sembilan
279:Johor Sultanate
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1851:FELDA Sebertak
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1374:Administrative
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566:died in 1699,
564:Mahmud Shah II
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550:
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547:Mahmud Shah II
543:
537:
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445:Mansur Shah II
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380:List of rulers
378:
342:Raja Bendahara
330:Pahang Kingdom
271:demise in 1511
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2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2036:Tuanku Muhriz
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1915:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1893:
1892:Tioman Island
1890:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1841:FELDA Mempaga
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1754:Tanjung Sepat
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1744:Tanjung Gemok
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1569:Fraser's Hill
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:Raub District
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1395:Bera District
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:Menteri Besar
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1230:Old Sultanate
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1083:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1002:
998:
992:
990:
986:
982:
978:
975:
970:
967:
963:
958:
955:
951:
946:
943:
939:
934:
931:
927:
922:
920:
918:
914:
910:
905:
902:
898:
893:
890:
886:
881:
878:
874:
869:
866:
862:
857:
854:
850:
845:
842:
838:
833:
830:
826:
821:
818:
814:
809:
806:
802:
797:
794:
790:
785:
782:
778:
773:
770:
763:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
746:
743:
735:
730:
726:
723:
720:abdicated as
719:
715:
711:
709:
705:
703:
699:
697:
693:
691:
687:
686:
682:
678:
675:
671:
669:
665:
663:
659:
657:
653:
651:
647:
645:
641:
640:
639:
637:
631:
629:
625:
621:
616:
607:
603:
599:
597:
593:
591:
587:
585:
581:
578:
574:
573:
572:
569:
565:
557:
552:
548:
544:
542:
538:
533:
529:
528:
527:
523:
522:
521:
519:
515:
511:
503:
499:
498:
493:
491:
488:
484:
482:
478:
476:
472:
470:
469:Ahmad Shah II
466:
464:
461:
457:
455:
452:
448:
446:
442:
440:
436:
434:
433:Muzaffar Shah
430:
428:
427:Mahmud Shah I
424:
422:
419:
418:Mansur Shah I
415:
413:
410:
406:
404:
400:
398:
397:Muhammad Shah
394:
393:
389:
384:
379:
377:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
217:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
188:
179:
176:.dirajapahang
171:
167:
164:
160:
156:
142:
138:
135:
134:Muhammad Shah
132:
128:
125:
122:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
101:
97:
93:
88:
86:
80:
73:
68:
63:
59:
54:
49:
42:
30:
22:
19:
2040:
2005:Tunku Ismail
1861:Kampung Awah
1815:Gohtong Jaya
1810:Bandar Putra
1629:Kuala Rompin
1624:Kuala Pahang
1549:Cherok Paloh
1544:Bukit Tinggi
1473:Muadzam Shah
1450:Subdistricts
1345:Demographics
1254:
1237:Constitution
1137:
1119:
1111:
1089:
1071:
1053:
1046:Bibliography
1031:. Retrieved
1027:Malaysiakini
1026:
1017:
1005:. Retrieved
1000:
969:
964:, p. 66
962:Linehan 1973
957:
952:, p. 82
945:
940:, p. 52
938:Linehan 1973
933:
928:, p. 83
911:, p. 81
904:
899:, p. 79
892:
887:, p. 31
885:Linehan 1973
880:
875:, p. 80
868:
856:
849:Linehan 1973
844:
839:, p. 18
832:
827:, p. 17
820:
815:, p. 65
808:
803:, p. 87
796:
789:Linehan 1973
784:
779:, p. 29
772:
676:
650:Tun Muhammad
632:
628:Hussein Shah
611:
561:
541:Ibrahim Shah
507:
495:
489:
462:
453:
420:
411:
403:Ahmad Shah I
354:
338:Johor Empire
327:
268:
221:
186:
185:
82:
18:
1734:Sungai Ruan
1694:Paloh Hinai
1659:Lurah Bilut
1634:Kuala Tahan
1619:Kuala Lipis
1489:Bandar Bera
1267:Legislative
1246:Government
1225:Old Kingdom
863:, p. 9
813:Rajani 1987
801:Rajani 1987
791:, p. 7
736:Family tree
712:1974–2019:
706:1932–1974:
700:1917–1932:
696:Mahmud Shah
694:1914–1917:
688:1881–1914:
672:1863–1881:
668:Tun Mutahir
666:1858–1863:
660:1806–1858:
654:1803–1806:
648:1802–1803:
642:1770–1802:
620:Riau-Lingga
613:signing of
600:1761–1770:
594:1761–1761:
588:1760–1761:
582:1722–1760:
575:1699–1720:
545:1685–1699:
539:1677–1685:
524:1623–1677:
497:Interregnum
494:1617–1623:
485:1615–1617:
479:1614–1615:
473:1592–1614:
467:1590–1592:
458:1560–1590:
449:1560–1575:
443:1555–1560:
437:1540–1555:
431:1530–1540:
425:1519–1530:
416:1495–1519:
407:1495–1512:
401:1475–1495:
395:1470–1475:
365:Tun Mutahir
2157:Categories
2086:Terengganu
1934:Wikisource
1856:Janda Baik
1805:Bandar MEC
1739:Tanah Rata
1654:Lubuk Paku
1614:Kuala Krau
1539:Bukit Ibam
1509:Batu Talam
1504:Batu Hitam
1294:Pahangites
764:References
532:Raja Bajau
490:first time
350:Temenggong
244:Langkasuka
242:including
24:Sultan of
2100:Governors
1876:Ulu Cheka
1836:Cherating
1783:Townships
1674:Mengkuang
1669:Mengkarak
1534:Brinchang
1514:Belimbing
1383:Districts
1376:divisions
1355:Education
1279:Judiciary
1274:Geography
1250:Executive
1242:Elections
1197:Capital:
861:Khoo 1980
674:Tun Ahmad
656:Tun Koris
636:civil war
568:Bendahara
369:civil war
361:Wan Ahmad
346:Bendahara
291:Peninsula
248:Srivijaya
193:سلطان ڤهڠ
158:Residence
140:Formation
65:Incumbent
35:سلطان ڤهڠ
2076:Selangor
2021:Kelantan
1999:the King
1914:Category
1866:Sri Jaya
1829:Villages
1774:Tringkap
1764:Temerloh
1724:Sempalit
1699:Panching
1679:Mentakab
1644:Lanchang
1584:Jerantut
1365:Language
1360:Politics
1298:Symbols
1221:History
1033:10 April
977:Archived
777:Guy 2014
747:See also
307:Acehnese
295:Portugal
283:Selangor
264:Maharaja
240:mandalas
2137:Sarawak
2107:Malacca
1924:Commons
1820:KotaSAS
1769:Teriang
1719:Ringlet
1684:Merapoh
1649:Lentang
1594:Kemayan
1574:Gambang
1554:Chendor
1529:Beserah
1524:Bentong
1350:Economy
1340:Cuisine
1330:Culture
1323:Society
1199:Kuantan
1007:4 April
662:Tun Ali
622:(under
357:Tun Ali
299:Holland
218:History
195:
169:Website
148: (
103:Details
37:
2117:Penang
2066:Perlis
2041:Pahang
1983:Rulers
1885:Island
1689:Nenasi
1604:Ketari
1599:Kerdau
1564:Cheroh
1559:Chenor
1458:Gebeng
1302:Anthem
1255:Sultan
1210:Topics
1189:Pahang
1144:
1126:
1096:
1078:
1060:
753:Pahang
236:naksat
232:mueang
228:Pahang
200:Pahang
26:Pahang
2127:Sabah
2051:Perak
2011:Kedah
1990:Johor
1709:Penor
1704:Pekan
1664:Maran
1589:Karak
1519:Benta
1482:Towns
1468:Jelai
1335:Crime
1289:Music
1217:Index
1203:Pekan
1185:State
562:When
311:Johor
252:Ligor
208:Islam
163:Pekan
108:Style
45:State
1714:Raub
1142:ISBN
1124:ISBN
1094:ISBN
1076:ISBN
1058:ISBN
1035:2019
1009:2019
303:Aceh
301:and
285:and
250:and
222:The
150:1470
143:1470
1284:Law
1187:of
234:or
178:.my
174:www
2159::
1110:,
1025:.
999:.
988:^
916:^
520:.
325:.
297:,
246:,
214:.
2062:)
2058:(
2001:)
1997:(
1968:e
1961:t
1954:v
1177:e
1170:t
1163:v
1037:.
1011:.
189:(
152:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
