348:
2944:– then a province of Pattani– to recover goods up to the value what had been lost. The Portuguese took the king at his word, fitted out an expedition, and proceeded to the Kelantan River where they attacked and captured three junks owned by Pahang merchants, killing seventy four people, with a loss of only three of their men. The sultan, who, according to Pinto, was killed in 1540 appears to have been Sultan Muzaffar. He was succeeded by his younger brother Raja Zainal, who assumed the title
2888:
The third made his escape but was killed with all his men at Java. Simon Abreu and his crew were also killed on another occasion. Valentyn further records that in 1522 several
Portuguese who had landed at Pahang, in ignorance that the sultan there was son-in-law to the Sultan of Johor, were killed, many others were compelled to embrace Islam, while those who refused to do so were tied to the mouth of cannons and blown to pieces.
2960:(who died at Aceh in 1564). By her, he had a daughter Putri Putih also popularly known as Putri Kecil Besar, and a son, Raja Suboh. There is no further record on the fate of his son, but the daughter would become an ancestor of the future ruling families of Aceh and Perak. Mansur II was killed around 1560 in a war against Javanese Hindus in southern Pahang and was succeeded by his brother Raja Jamal who took the title Sultan
2804:, which stood on the site of the modern Sultan Abu Bakar Museum, but it ended up being completed before the invasion. The people composed a song, the first line of which ran: "the fort of Pahang, the flames devour". The invaders made only a half-hearted attempt on Pahang, and were soon put to fight with severe losses. They were forced to return by the route which they had come. This was the last Siamese invasion of Pahang.
3027:. Matelief, who had come to solicit the assistance of Pahang against the Portuguese, had an audience with the Sultan. The ruler emphasized the importance of alliance between Johor and neighbouring states, and added that he would try to provide two thousand men in order to bring the war to a successful conclusion. At the Sultan's request, Matelief sent him a gunner to test a cannon piece that was being cast for
2374:
2708:, as he had visited Melaka without his knowledge and paid obeisance to Sultan Alauddin. In 1488, Sultan Alauddin of Melaka died at Pagoh on the Muar River after being poisoned, it was claimed that the rulers of Pahang and Indragiri were responsible. The ruler of Inderagiri suggested that Raja Merlang, who had married Alauddin's half sister Raja Bakal and settled in Melaka, was behind the poisoning.
2971:. During his reign, Pahang had a brief period of cordial relations with the Portuguese. In 1586, Abdul Kadir sent a block of gold bearing quartz as a present to the Portuguese Governor of Malacca. According to the Portuguese, gold was still commonly mined in quarries across Pahang and sold in great quantity in Melaka. However, this relationship with Portuguese was discontinued by
2912:, Pahang sent a fleet with two thousand men to help the defenders. The force arrived at the mouth of the river on the day on which the bridge was destroyed. He despatched a vessel with Francisco Vasconcellos and others to attack the Pahang force which began to retreat. Sultan Mahmud of Pahang appears to have ruled in Pahang all through these events. His namesake of Melaka-Bintan,
3507:, the inland river-valley routes that crossed through Pahang formed a significant trading network linking the east and west coast of the peninsula. The inland attractions were threefold; first the presence of gold in the interior along the Tembeling and Jelai rivers, as well as in Kelantan to the north, second, the presence of tradable forest products, and of local people, the
2964:. During his reign, Raja Biajid and Raja Kasab –sons of Sultan Khoja Ahmad of Siak– came to Pahang. Raja Kasab married Putri Putih, a daughter of Mansur II. Raja Kasab's children by Putri Putih were Raja Mahmud, and five daughters, the youngest of which was Putri Bongsu Chandra Dewi. Raja Mahmud was the father of Raja Sulong who ultimately became Muzaffar Shah II of Perak.
2951:
Pahang formed part of the force of three hundred sailed-ships and eight thousand men which assembled in the Johor River for a reprisal attack on
Pattani, but later negotiations settled the dispute. In 1550, Pahang sent a fleet to help Johor and Perak in the siege of Melaka but the Portuguese warships
3066:
with Johor in 1623, when Johor's
Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah died and Raja Bujang emerged as the new ruler of Johor-Pahang, installed as Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah Riayat Shah III. From 1629 to 1635, Pahang, operating independently from Sultan Abdul Jalil III appeared determined to oust the Acehnese, allying
2887:
relates that until 1522 the Sultan of Pahang had sided with the
Portuguese, but seeing that the tide of fortune had turned against them, he, too became their enemy. Ignorant of this change, de Albuquerque sent three ships to Pekan for provisions, where two of his captains and thirty men were killed.
2721:
tell a story of Tun Teja, a daughter of a
Bendahara of Pahang who was famed for her beauty and betrothed to the Pahang Sultan. A Melakan envoy to Pahang, on his return to his country, spread the fame of Tun Teja's beauty. Sultan Mahmud, enamoured of the picture of Tun Teja that had been presented to
2668:
The events of this period are obscure. There is reason to believe that Raja Ahmad, the elder brother of the newly appointed Sultan of Pahang, who had also been passed over for the succession to the Melaka throne, as a consolation was installed heir to the Pahang
Sultanate by his father in Melaka and
3559:
The capital, Pekan, also served as the main trading port to the sultanate, frequented by both international and regional merchants. Despite intermittent diplomatic tensions between Pahang and
Portuguese Malacca, the presence of Portuguese merchants in Pekan was mentioned in some accounts. There was
2583:
Tun Hamzah, the commander of the army in the conquest, as the governor of Pahang, and permitted him the privillege, once he was out of
Melakan waters, of using six of the eight instruments that made up nobat band, and of having a pair of fringed umbrellas borne over him. Sri Bija Diraja accordingly
2623:
The
Bendahara's people flew to arms to avenge Tun Besar's death, but were restrained by the Bendahara who warned them against any measures that might be construed as treason against the Sultan. However, the Bendahara and his people vowed that the Raja Muhammad should never rule over them. Sultan
2899:
arrived to assist, relieved the city, and pursued the
Laksamana into Muar. He proceeded to Pahang, destroyed all the vessels in the river and killed over six hundreds people in retaliation for the assistance given by their ruler to the Sultan of Johor. Some were carried into slavery. A detailed
2560:
and Bera rivers. They were easily defeated and fled back by the same route. Subsequently, they attempted a naval invasion, and were again beaten. Muzaffar Shah then conceived the idea of checking Ligorian pretensions by attacking the Ligor vassal state, Pahang. An expedition was organised by
3058:
who was installed with the support of the Portuguese following a pact between the Portuguese and the Sultan of Johor. Raja Bujang's appointment was not accepted by Aceh, which was at war with the Portuguese. Aceh launched attacks on Pahang which forced Raja Bujang to flee to Lingga in 1617.
3576:
were solid slabs of tin, valued at their tin content, and were originally used as medium of exchange in the Melaka Sultanate. The Portuguese suppressed all Malay currency when they conquered Melaka in 1511, but this form persisted in some of the outlying Malay states, particularly Pahang.
2753:
Between 1488 and 1493, Raja Fatimah, a royal daughter of Alauddin of Melaka and a full sister of Sultan Mahmud, had married a Pahang prince. The annals state that her husband was Abdul Jamil. She died, childless, on 7 July 1495 and was buried at Pekan Lama in a graveyard known as
3038:
Matelief requested the Sultan to send two vessels to the Straits of Sabon to join the Johor vessels already there as soon as possible, and to despatch two more vessels to Penang waters to strengthen the Kedah and Achinese fleets to cut the off the Portuguese food supplies.
3123:, a sophisticated social hierarchy had been established, of which the most important were the offices of four major hereditary chiefs who were granted their respective fiefs to govern on behalf of the sultan. The system survived until modern times.
2882:
visited Pahang and stated that the Sultan of Pahang agreed to pay a cup of gold as an annual tribute to Portugal. This act was thought to be a sign friendship shown by the sultanate, but was regarded by the Portuguese as a sign submission.
3596:
sent a block of gold bearing quartz as a present to the Portuguese Governor of Malacca. As described in the 16th century's Portuguese account, gold was still commonly mined in quarries across Pahang and sold in great quantity in Melaka.
2745:
noted: "his highness went upstream for so long as the royal drums could be heard; when he came to Lubuk Pelang there he resided, and the sound of the drums was no longer heard. He went into religious seclusion; he it is whom people call
2995:. The Perak Annals relate that he also betrothed his eldest son to a grand daughter of Sultan of Perak. During his reign, Sultan Abdul Ghafur attacked the Portuguese and simultaneously challenged the Dutch presence in the
2935:
gave an account of his voyage with a Portuguese merchant vessel in Pahang. During their stay in Pekan, the reigning sultan was killed and a mob attacked their resident and seized their goods which amounted fifty thousand
2653:, and a hundred youths and a hundred maidens of noble family, Raja Muhammad proceeded to Pahang where he was installed as sultan around 1470 with the tile Sultan Muhammad Shah. The boundaries of his kingdom extended from
2624:
Mansur, after hearing their complaint, agreed that Raja Muhammad should be exiled from Melaka. He recalled Sri Bija Diraja from Pahang and commanded him to escort Muhammad to that country and install him as their Sultan.
2979:, Ahmad II reigned for only a year as he was too young to govern the country and was then replaced by his eldest half-brother, Abdul Ghafur, who had been born to a commoner. Abdul Ghafur who took the title of Sultan
2608:. As his sons grew up, the new ruler paid special favour to Raja Muhammad and designated him as his successor. When Raja Muhammad was about fifteen years old he was riding past a group of boys who were engaged in a
2766:. The prince was younger, and Jamil and his brothers seem to have exercised some measure of guardianship over him in the early years of his reign. The period saw the restoration of ties between Pahang and Melaka.
2587:
In the year that Pahang was conquered, Raja Abdullah married Putri Wanang Seri, the daughter of Dewa Sura, whose name had been changed Putri Lela Wangsa, probably on conversion to Islam. By her he had two sons
2839:
died of grief in Pahang. The Portuguese must have mistaken Abdul Jamil, who died exactly at the date, for Sultan Mahmud. After Abdul Jamil's death Sultan Mansur was the sole ruler. He was killed by all of his
2672:
On 17 September 1475, Sultan Muhammad Shah died and was buried at Langgar on the Pahang Tua. The inscription on his tomb gives his name, descent and the date of his death. According to the commentaries of
3046:, resulted in Johor declaring war on Pahang. In September 1612, the Johor army overran the suburbs of Pekan, which caused many deaths in the city. Pahang defeated Johor in 1613 with the aid of the
2737:
was the Pahang ruler concerned, but historians such as Linehan and Khoo suggested the events occurred during the reign of his uncle, Sultan Ahmad. Sultan Ahmad abdicated in favour of his young son
2940:
in gold and precious stones alone. The Portuguese escaped and proceeded to Pattani. They made representations to the King of Pattani, and he gave them permission to attack Pahang boats in the
2741:
who assumed the title Sultan Mansur Shah. The new Sultan was placed under the guardianship of his uncles, sons of the first sultan. In describing Ahmad Shah's life after the abdication, the
3138:. The laws as written went through an evolutionary process and were shaped by three main influences, namely the early non-indigenous Hindu/Buddhist tradition, Islam and the indigenous
2023:
2729:
The insults put upon the Sultan and his inability to avenge them brought him into disgrace with his people, and made his position untenable. The events took place around 1494. The
2952:
harassed the harbours of Pahang so that the attackers had to retreat to defend their own capital. Sultan Zainal Abidin died around 1555 and was succeeded by his eldest royal son,
2863:. The new Sultan's first royal wife was his first cousin, Raja Olah. After his accession to the throne, he married a second wife, Raja Khadija, one of the daughters of his cousin
3074:
In 1648, Abdul Jalil III attacked Pahang in an attempt to reassert his position as Ruler of Johor-Pahang. Aceh eventually abandoned its claim over Pahang in 1641 – the same year
2548:
over his country. The Ligorians, in assertion of their claim, sent an invading army led by Awi Chakri, overland to Melaka. The invaders, who were aided by auxiliaries from the
3511:
where were skilled at getting them, and lastly, the suitability of most of the state for long-distance travel, because of its relatively non-mountainous and open terrain.
2701:, who with the title Sultan Alauddin, succeeded his father Sultan Mansur in 1477. As a result, relations between Pahang and Melaka deteriorated greatly during his reign.
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1893:
1392:
4396:
1557:
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route. There, he was welcomed by Abdul Jamil. The deposed ruler stayed a year in the country during which time he married one of his daughters, whose mother was a
2677:, Sultan Mansur of Melaka had, by a daughter of the king of Pahang, a son who was poisoned. It is likely that this conjecture was in reference to Sultan Muhammad.
1650:
2722:
him by his chief, promised any reward, however great, to the man who would abduct the Pahang girl and bring her to Melaka. Tun Teja was won over by the Melakan
2697:. The new ruler had been passed over for the succession to the Melaka throne twice, first by his younger brother Muhammad, and second by a younger half-brother
2402:
1933:
3148:, that contain among others, detailed provisions on ceremonial matters, settlement of social conflicts, maritime matters, Islamic laws and general matters.
1973:
1487:
3580:
The most important product of Pahang was gold. Its gold mines were considered the best and the largest in the peninsula. The gold traded with ancient
2492:. Over the years, Pahang grew independent from Melakan control and at one point even established itself as a rival state to Melaka until the latter's
2287:
2183:
1640:
2920:. The young ruler visited Pahang around 1529 and married a relative of the Pahang ruler. Sultan Mahmud of Pahang died about 1530, and left two sons
1203:
1199:
2726:
and was taken to Melaka. The Sultan of Pahang, enraged and humiliated, prepared to declare war on Melaka but was later calmed down by his chiefs.
1903:
3019:. Earlier in 1606, Matelief, in an attempt to establish the Dutch power in the Strait of Malacca, was defeated twice by the Portuguese in the
2871:
was designed to strengthen Marhum Kampar position in his fight against the Portuguese. Mahmud was installed sultan by his new father-in-law.
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4386:
4357:
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2784:, known in Malay tradition as Ligor, invaded Pahang through Kelantan and the Tembeling with a large army, on the instructions of the King of
2292:
1072:
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were strengthened and the people mobilized. There was delay in completing the main fortification called the 'Fort of Pahang', also known as
2033:
1342:
4448:
2263:
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1537:
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In 1523, the Sultan of Johor again attacked Melaka with the ruler of Pahang as his ally, and gained a victory over the Portuguese in the
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3142:. By the early 17th century, during the reign of Sultan Abdul Ghafur, Pahang developed the set of laws into its own version, called
3098:
state that during the installation of Muhammad Shah as the first sultan in 1470, he was accompanied by Tun Hamzah who was appointed
2395:
2053:
1547:
3028:
1094:
347:
3071:
to the throne of Aceh, led to the signing of a peace treaty between Pahang and Aceh at Bulang Island in the Riau-Lingga islands.
2999:. Nevertheless, in 1607, Pahang not only tolerated the Dutch, but even cooperated with them in an attempt to oust the Portuguese.
2967:
Abdul Jamal was murdered in 1560 and was succeeded by his half-brother Raja Kadir who came to the throne with the title of Sultan
3011:
began their trade mission to Pahang led by the merchant Abraham van den Broeck. On 7 November 1607, a Dutch warship with Admiral
2957:
2917:
2103:
2083:
1783:
1332:
1227:
2524:. After a period of union with Johor, it was eventually revived as a modern sovereign Sultanate in the late 19th century by the
4443:
2874:
However, Pahang, for an unknown reason, forged an unusual relations with Portuguese during Sultan Mahmud's reign. According to
2698:
1963:
1620:
1597:
1457:
1322:
733:
3042:
Abdul Ghafur tried to reforge the Johor-Pahang alliance to assist the Dutch. However, a quarrel which erupted between him and
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271:
257:
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3051:
2347:
2213:
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1813:
1803:
2895:. The Laksamana attacked the shipping in the roads of Melaka, burnt one vessel and captured two others. During the battle,
2788:. The common threat made the people of Pahang ignore their squabbles with Melaka. Sultan Mahmud sent a Melakan army, under
2496:. During this period, Pahang was heavily involved in attempts to rid the peninsula of the various foreign imperial powers;
2901:
2584:
proceeded to Pahang which he governed for several years. Once a year he visited Melaka to show respect to his sovereign.
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2013:
1943:
1702:
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1302:
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3078:. With the decline of Aceh, Johor-Pahang gradually extended its suzerainty over the Riau-Lingga islands, creating the
2781:
2545:
2123:
1753:
1567:
1427:
723:
4438:
4433:
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3246:
3012:
2961:
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2233:
2093:
1823:
1312:
838:
3134:
2992:
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828:
788:
3354:
3075:
3043:
2953:
2541:
2003:
1923:
1763:
1352:
1022:
614:
2758:. After Ahmad's abdication, it appears that Raja Jamil, the eldest son of the first ruler under the style of
3416:
3310:
3268:
3202:
3020:
2972:
2921:
2884:
2852:
2820:
2763:
2738:
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2337:
2307:
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2153:
1733:
1492:
1467:
1217:
144:
3553:
3224:
3126:
Pahang was governed by the set of laws that derived from the formal legal text of Melaka consisted of the
3024:
2932:
2913:
2896:
2864:
2836:
2789:
2712:
2690:
2605:
2589:
2562:
1883:
1853:
1154:
1002:
928:
888:
2704:
Shortly after his accession, he ordered the killing of Tun Telanai, the hereditary chief of neighbouring
4367:
3288:
2848:
2832:
2823:. Between 1511 and 1512, while Mahmud was in Pahang, Sultan Abdul Jamil died and was buried at Pekan in
2674:
2440:
2143:
1953:
1660:
1372:
1114:
3536:
that allowed boats and their cargo to be dragged the few hundred metres between the headwaters of the
3067:
itself with the Dutch and Portuguese whenever it was convenient to do so. In 1637, the appointment of
3552:
systems. The presence of a large group of Pahang merchants in Pattani was recorded in the account of
3478:
3128:
3055:
2956:, who around the time of his accession married his first cousin, Purti Fatimah, a daughter of Sultan
2572:
with two hundred ships, proceeded to Pahang and conquered it in 1454. The last ruler of the kingdom,
2517:
1773:
1698:
1577:
1477:
1247:
992:
700:
359:
2512:
raids in the early 17th century, Pahang entered into the amalgamation with the successor of Melaka,
398:
1124:
818:
336:
2544:, the 5th Sultan of Melaka who reigned from 1445 to 1458 refused to acknowledge the suzerainty of
3504:
3144:
2827:. In the inscription on his tomb, his name given as Abdul Jalil and the date of his death is 917
2816:
2549:
2489:
2359:
1042:
962:
778:
710:
556:
422:
276:
157:
2975:, Abdul Kadir's only son by a royal wife, who was a boy when he died in 1590. According to the
2661:
to the north. The first Melakan ruler of Pahang, appears to have settled at Tanjung Langgar in
4411:
4382:
4353:
3589:
3091:
2996:
2905:
2808:
2785:
2689:
records that Muhammad was succeeded by his elder brother Raja Ahmad who took the title Sultan
2525:
2497:
2342:
1843:
1382:
1257:
647:
637:
536:
262:
79:
3560:
also permanent settlement of Chinese miner-merchants in Pekan. The standard currency was the
2453:
in the 15th century. At the height of its influence, the sultanate was an important power in
3047:
2477:
2354:
2332:
1873:
1723:
1527:
1174:
1084:
1032:
898:
743:
546:
493:
125:
75:
31:
3549:
3532:
3523:
3170:
2812:
2553:
2521:
2513:
2470:
2462:
2458:
2450:
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2378:
1863:
1743:
1517:
1417:
982:
687:
677:
624:
601:
207:
100:
3031:
of Johor. The people of Pahang also manufactured cannons which were better than those of
2792:
to help Pahang. Among the leaders of the expedition were Laksamana Khoja Hassan and the
2604:
Muzaffar Shah died around 1458 and was succeeded by Raja Abdullah who was styled Sultan
3187:
3177:
3068:
3063:
2941:
2855:, who may be the prince who is described as "the son of the original ruler of Pahang" (
2509:
2505:
2454:
2420:
1104:
952:
948:
868:
808:
667:
193:
35:
4427:
3192:
3182:
3162:
3090:
The system of administration adopted by the sultanate is largely modelled on that of
2879:
2428:
1983:
1688:
1237:
848:
798:
523:
3584:
came from there. The peninsula as a whole was so well known as a source of gold the
3541:
3079:
3016:
3008:
2716:
2557:
1437:
1362:
1267:
1164:
972:
289:
17:
2796:
Sang Setia, Sang Naya, Sang Guna, Sang Jaya Pikrama, and Tun Biajid. The forts at
30:
This article is about the Old Pahang Sultanate. For the office of the sultan, see
2576:
was captured and carried together with his daughter Putri Wanang Seri to Melaka.
3545:
3527:
2501:
369:
110:
3581:
3537:
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2892:
2841:
2828:
2793:
2705:
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2650:
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2609:
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to the south. To the west, its jurisdiction extended over parts of modern-day
1993:
1134:
908:
858:
513:
468:
409:
3561:
3099:
3054:
ascended to the throne in 1614. He was replaced a year later by a relative,
2984:
2900:
account of Portuguese operations in Pahang during 1522 and 1523 is given by
2723:
2638:
2613:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2485:
938:
918:
576:
566:
433:
226:
2844:
between 1512 and 1519, for committing adultery with a widow of his father.
3519:
2466:
382:
314:
3585:
3514:
The Tembeling Valley was the connecting link between the ports and the
2435:) also referred as the Old Pahang Sultanate, as opposed to the
2909:
2868:
2654:
2443:
2436:
1507:
1144:
503:
39:
3530:
region. This route involved the short overland stretch known as the
4379:
From Inderapura to Darul Makmur, A Deconstructive History of Pahang
2715:
with whom his royal uncle of Pahang continued to quarrel with. The
2937:
2797:
2662:
90:
4352:, vol. 16 - The Rulers of Malaysia, Editions Didier Millet,
2991:, the Queen of Pattani. He also formed marriage connections with
2807:
In 1511, the capital of Melaka was attacked and conquered by the
3139:
3032:
2811:, prompting a retreat of Sultan Mahmud's court to Pahang by the
2617:
4410:, Malaysian Branch Of The Royal Asiatic Society, Kuala Lumpur,
2916:
died in 1528, and was succeeded by a son, the fifteen year old
2693:. He married a daughter of Tun Hamzah and by her he had a son
3540:, flowing west, and the Serting River, flowing east into the
2616:'s son displaced Muhammad's headdress. In a rage he drew his
346:
4372:, Lembaga Muzium Negeri Pahang (Museum Authority of Pahang)
3518:
areas of the west coast and the Lebir Valley in southeast
2928:, with the former succeeding him as Sultan Muzaffar Shah.
4212:
4200:
4188:
4140:
4044:
4020:
3948:
3912:
3888:
3828:
3672:
3660:
3648:
3636:
3572:
survived in Pahang until 1893. In their original form,
2612:
game, when a misdirected ball kicked by Tun Besar, the
2457:
and controlled the entire Pahang basin, bordering the
2669:
proceeded to the country between the 1470 and 1475.
310:
221:
204:
190:
180:
168:
151:
138:
124:
116:
106:
96:
86:
71:
49:
2867:, around 1519. This marriage, which took place at
2480:, with its first sultan being a Melakan prince,
3102:for the new kingdom, by Seri Akar Raja as his
4320:
2396:
8:
2637:Accompanied by Tun Hamzah who was appointed
2476:The sultanate has its origin as a vassal of
2876:Os Portugueses em Africa, America e Oceania
2641:for the new kingdom, Seri Akar Raja as his
3568:, and other native gold and silver coins.
2847:Mansur was succeeded by his first cousin,
2665:, the old seat of the pre-Melakan rulers.
2403:
2389:
321:
46:
3035:but inferior to those of the Portuguese.
2711:Sultan Alauddin was succeeded by his son
3155:
38:. For the modern state of Malaysia, see
4398:From Pre-Malaccan period to present day
4308:
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4284:
4248:
4236:
4176:
4164:
4152:
4128:
4116:
4104:
4092:
4080:
4068:
4056:
4032:
4008:
3996:
3984:
3972:
3960:
3936:
3924:
3900:
3876:
3864:
3852:
3840:
3816:
3804:
3792:
3780:
3768:
3744:
3720:
3708:
3696:
3684:
3624:
3612:
3605:
1974:1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak
335:
324:
2565:and was personally led by the Melakan
34:. For the early modern Sultanate, see
203:
189:
179:
175:
150:
137:
133:
123:
7:
4369:Issues in the Ethnohistory of Pahang
4332:
4272:
4260:
4224:
3756:
3732:
3076:Portuguese Malacca fell to the Dutch
2762:, reigned jointly with Ahmad's son,
2264:2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack
2064:2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia
1904:Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire
1824:Japan Airlines Flight 715 incident
25:
2074:Attacks against places of worship
27:Old sultanate of Pahang, Malaysia
4348:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid (2011),
3522:; the latter led in turn to the
2958:Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor
2552:, followed the old route by the
2488:, the last pre-Melakan ruler of
2372:
2034:2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods
294:
269:
255:
2857:anak Raja Pahang raja yang asal
2657:to the south up to border with
2579:The Sultan of Melaka appointed
1894:Penang terminal bridge collapse
879:Separation of Perlis from Kedah
1804:Campbell Shopping Complex fire
230:, native gold and silver coins
1:
2014:2002 Taman Hillview landslide
1069:Japanese occupation of Malaya
528:
387:
4350:The Encyclopedia of Malaysia
4213:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
4201:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
4189:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
4141:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
4045:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
4021:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3949:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3913:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3889:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3829:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3673:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3661:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3649:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
3637:Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011
2254:2024 Lumut helicopters crash
2174:Kim Jong-nam's Assassination
2054:Bukit Antarabangsa landslide
1333:North Borneo self-governance
4449:1470 establishments in Asia
3437:Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah
2981:Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah
2908:attacked Sultan of Johor's
2782:Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom
2449:established in the eastern
2104:Genting Highlands bus crash
2084:Cameron Highlands bus crash
1784:AIA building hostage crisis
1754:Ligitan and Sipadan dispute
1703:Philippine militant attacks
1508:Federal Territory of Labuan
1438:Declaration of Rukun Negara
1428:National Operations Council
1393:Second communist insurgency
4465:
3401:عبد القدير علاء الدين شاه
3015:onboard dropped anchor at
3013:Cornelis Matelief de Jonge
2902:Fernão Lopes de Castanheda
2780:In 1500, the ruler of the
2776:Malay-Portuguese conflicts
2773:
2537:Melakan conquest of Pahang
2484:, himself the grandson of
2234:2022 Batang Kali landslide
1548:Peace Agreement of Hat Yai
29:
4406:Linehan, William (1973),
3441:عبد الغفور محى الدين شاه
3397:Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah
3169:
3166:
3161:
3158:
3152:List of Sultans of Pahang
3135:Undang-Undang Laut Melaka
3062:Pahang entered a nominal
2969:Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah
2946:Sultan Zainal Abidin Shah
2432:
2164:Movida Bar grenade attack
1914:Bright Sparklers disaster
1814:Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash
1794:National Monument bombing
1764:Kuala Lumpur flash floods
1558:Royal Immunity Amendments
1303:Singapore self-governance
1214:Crown Colony of N. Borneo
829:Siamese invasion of Kedah
234:
217:
176:
164:
134:
66:
54:
3119:. By the time of Sultan
3044:Alauddin Riayat Shah III
2516:, when its 14th sultan,
2184:Darul Quran madrasa fire
2004:2001 Kampung Medan riots
1924:Highland Towers collapse
1621:Pakatan Harapan takeover
1023:Unfederated Malay States
615:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
2885:Manuel de Faria e Sousa
2790:Bendahara Seri Maharaja
2600:The Sepak Raga incident
2437:modern Pahang Sultanate
2244:2023 Elmina plane crash
2224:2021-22 Malaysia floods
2204:2020-21 Malaysia floods
2194:2018 Subang Temple riot
2154:2015 Plaza Low Yat riot
2134:2014–15 Malaysia floods
2044:Bukit Gantang bus crash
1488:South China Sea dispute
1468:1977 Kelantan Emergency
1458:Federal Territory of KL
1353:Sarawak self-governance
427:65,000–40,000 BCE
4444:Sultanates in Malaysia
4395:Khoo, Gilbert (1980),
4377:Farish A Noor (2011),
3050:. Abdul Ghafur's son,
3025:Battle of Cape Rachado
3021:First Siege of Malacca
2897:Martim Afonso de Sousa
2835:'s commentaries, that
2620:and killed Tun Besar.
2520:, was crowned the 7th
1854:1985 Lahad Datu ambush
1724:Brunei's Limbang claim
1568:Asian financial crisis
1155:Sandakan Death Marches
1003:Federated Malay States
889:Crown Colony of Labuan
351:
3463:علاء الدين رعاية شاه
2983:had married in 1584,
2675:Afonso de Albuquerque
2461:to the north and the
2094:Hulu Langat landslide
1774:Malaysian haze crisis
1538:Constitutional crisis
1373:Singapore in Malaysia
1363:Formation of Malaysia
1228:Anti-cession movement
1115:Parit Sulong Massacre
594:Rise of Muslim states
518:100 BCE–1474 CE
350:
97:Common languages
4381:, Silverfish Books,
4366:Benjamin, Geoffrey,
3479:Abdul Jalil Shah III
3459:Alauddin Riayat Shah
3129:Undang-Undang Melaka
3052:Alauddin Riayat Shah
2831:. It is recorded in
2518:Abdul Jalil Shah III
2508:. After a period of
2024:Indian Ocean tsunami
1714:Singapore race riots
1699:North Borneo dispute
1478:Pedra Branca dispute
1293:Malayan Independence
1248:Federation of Malaya
1013:Anglo-Siamese Treaty
993:Mat Salleh Rebellion
789:Dutch–Portuguese War
508:100 BCE–642 CE
460:11,000–200 BCE
4401:, New Straits Times
3554:Fernão Mendes Pinto
3080:Johor-Pahang Empire
2933:Fernão Mendes Pinto
2379:Malaysia portal
2214:LRT train collision
1984:Al-Ma'unah incident
1964:Tropical Storm Greg
1448:New Economic Policy
1285:Independence period
1125:Battle of Singapore
819:Straits Settlements
754:Kubang Pasu Kingdom
473:500 – 200 BCE
182:• Established
18:Sultanate of Pahang
4321:Farish A Noor 2011
3592:. In 1586, Sultan
3333:Zainal Abidin Shah
3145:Hukum Kanun Pahang
3111:Penghulu Bendahari
2760:Sultan Abdul Jamil
2647:Penghulu Bendahari
1954:Pos Dipang mudflow
1734:Penang Hartal riot
1578:Reformasi Movement
1323:Sarawak Insurgency
1043:Kelantan rebellion
963:Jementah Civil War
869:Kingdom of Sarawak
839:Anglo-Dutch Treaty
779:Portuguese Malacca
711:Selangor Sultanate
360:Prehistoric period
352:
277:Old Pahang Kingdom
206:• Union with
76:Autonomous kingdom
4439:History of Pahang
4434:Sultans of Pahang
4417:978-0710-101-37-2
4408:History of Pahang
4388:978-983-3221-30-1
4359:978-981-3018-54-9
3590:Golden Chersonese
3564:known locally as
3496:
3495:
3337:زين العابدين شاه
2997:Strait of Malacca
2993:sultans of Brunei
2977:Bustan al Salatin
2906:Pedro Mascarenhas
2851:, another son of
2825:Ziarat Raja Raden
2809:Portuguese Empire
2756:Ziarat Raja Raden
2687:Bustan al Salatin
2685:The 17th century
2526:Bendahara dynasty
2459:Pattani Sultanate
2425:Kesultanan Pahang
2413:
2412:
2272:
2271:
1934:Genting landslide
1884:Ming Court Affair
1672:
1671:
1651:Bornean Amendment
1631:COVID-19 pandemic
1588:H1N1 flu pandemic
1496:
1401:
1400:
1383:ASEAN Declaration
1276:
1275:
1258:Malayan Emergency
1183:
1182:
1051:
1050:
762:
761:
701:Sarawak Sultanate
678:Pattani Sultanate
638:Malacca Sultanate
585:
584:
531:100 CE–1025
477:
476:
320:
319:
306:
305:
302:
301:
282:
281:
263:Malacca Sultanate
153:• 1685–1699
140:• 1470–1475
60:Kesultanan Pahang
16:(Redirected from
4456:
4420:
4402:
4391:
4373:
4362:
4336:
4330:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4306:
4300:
4299:, pp. 62–63
4294:
4288:
4282:
4276:
4270:
4264:
4258:
4252:
4246:
4240:
4239:, pp. 13–14
4234:
4228:
4222:
4216:
4210:
4204:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4162:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4132:
4126:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4059:, pp. 24–25
4054:
4048:
4042:
4036:
4030:
4024:
4018:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3994:
3988:
3982:
3976:
3975:, pp. 18–19
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3940:
3939:, pp. 17–18
3934:
3928:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3904:
3898:
3892:
3886:
3880:
3874:
3868:
3867:, pp. 16–17
3862:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3802:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3771:, pp. 13–14
3766:
3760:
3754:
3748:
3742:
3736:
3730:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3688:
3687:, pp. 12–13
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3610:
3377:Abdul Jamal Shah
3343:Marhum di Bukit
3299:Marhum di Hilir
3247:Abdul Jamil Shah
3156:
3048:Sultan of Brunei
2962:Abdul Jamal Shah
2918:Alauddin Shah II
2561:Muzaffar's son,
2434:
2417:Pahang Sultanate
2405:
2398:
2391:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2144:Sabah earthquake
1685:
1684:
1668:
1641:Political crisis
1615:
1598:Sedition Dragnet
1528:Operation Lalang
1502:
1490:
1414:
1413:
1289:
1288:
1196:
1195:
1192:Formative period
1175:Jesselton revolt
1095:Bornean Campaign
1085:Malayan campaign
1064:
1063:
1033:Battle of Penang
899:Pahang Civil War
775:
774:
718:
695:
658:Pahang Sultanate
632:
625:Brunei Sultanate
609:
598:
597:
530:
490:
489:
467:
456:
445:
421:
397:
389:
381:
365:
364:
340:
322:
298:
297:
286:
285:
273:
272:
259:
258:
252:
251:
236:
235:
56:
51:Pahang Sultanate
47:
32:Sultan of Pahang
21:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4424:
4423:
4418:
4405:
4394:
4389:
4376:
4365:
4360:
4347:
4344:
4339:
4331:
4327:
4319:
4315:
4307:
4303:
4295:
4291:
4283:
4279:
4271:
4267:
4259:
4255:
4247:
4243:
4235:
4231:
4223:
4219:
4211:
4207:
4199:
4195:
4187:
4183:
4175:
4171:
4163:
4159:
4151:
4147:
4139:
4135:
4127:
4123:
4115:
4111:
4103:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4043:
4039:
4031:
4027:
4019:
4015:
4007:
4003:
3995:
3991:
3983:
3979:
3971:
3967:
3959:
3955:
3947:
3943:
3935:
3931:
3923:
3919:
3911:
3907:
3899:
3895:
3887:
3883:
3875:
3871:
3863:
3859:
3851:
3847:
3839:
3835:
3827:
3823:
3815:
3811:
3803:
3799:
3791:
3787:
3779:
3775:
3767:
3763:
3755:
3751:
3743:
3739:
3731:
3727:
3719:
3715:
3707:
3703:
3695:
3691:
3683:
3679:
3671:
3667:
3659:
3655:
3647:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3623:
3619:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3505:pre-Melakan era
3501:
3487:
3483:عبد الجليل شاه
3381:عبد الجامل شاه
3251:عبد الجامل شاه
3213:Marhum Langgar
3171:Posthumous name
3154:
3088:
3005:
2778:
2772:
2683:
2635:
2630:
2602:
2581:Sri Bija Diraja
2539:
2534:
2522:Sultan of Johor
2471:Negeri Sembilan
2463:Johor Sultanate
2451:Malay Peninsula
2409:
2373:
2371:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2327:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2282:
2274:
2273:
1944:MH2133 incident
1874:Sabah Emergency
1864:Memali Incident
1744:13 May Incident
1682:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1613:
1518:Memali incident
1500:
1418:13 May incident
1411:
1403:
1402:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1193:
1185:
1184:
1078:
1075:
1061:
1053:
1052:
983:Pahang Uprising
772:
771:Colonial period
764:
763:
716:
693:
688:Johor Sultanate
630:
607:
602:Kedah Sultanate
595:
587:
586:
571:700s–1025
487:
479:
478:
469:Neolithic Klang
465:
457:Perak man/woman
454:
446:Bewah man/woman
443:
419:
395:
383:Lenggong Valley
379:
362:
338:
331:
295:
270:
256:
210:
197:
183:
154:
141:
101:Classical Malay
62:
58:
52:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4462:
4460:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4403:
4392:
4387:
4374:
4363:
4358:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4325:
4313:
4301:
4289:
4277:
4265:
4253:
4241:
4229:
4217:
4205:
4193:
4181:
4169:
4157:
4145:
4133:
4121:
4109:
4097:
4085:
4073:
4061:
4049:
4037:
4025:
4013:
4001:
3989:
3977:
3965:
3953:
3941:
3929:
3917:
3905:
3893:
3881:
3869:
3857:
3845:
3833:
3821:
3809:
3797:
3785:
3773:
3761:
3749:
3737:
3725:
3713:
3701:
3689:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3641:
3629:
3617:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3484:
3481:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3456:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3447:Marhum Pahang
3445:
3442:
3439:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3366:
3365:Marhum Syahid
3363:
3360:
3357:
3355:Mansur Shah II
3352:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:Marhum Tengah
3319:
3316:
3313:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3257:Marhum Ziarat
3255:
3252:
3249:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3235:Marhum Syeikh
3233:
3230:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3165:
3160:
3153:
3150:
3087:
3086:Administration
3084:
3069:Iskandar Thani
3064:dynastic union
3004:
3001:
2987:, a sister of
2954:Mansur Shah II
2942:Kelantan River
2833:de Albuquerque
2771:
2768:
2682:
2679:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2601:
2598:
2550:Pahang Kingdom
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2494:demise in 1511
2455:Southeast Asia
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2293:Constitutional
2290:
2288:Communications
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2114:MH370 incident
2110:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1834:MH653 incident
1830:
1829:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1497:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1444:
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1434:
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1430:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1412:
1409:
1408:
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1404:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1389:
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1379:
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1375:
1369:
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1365:
1359:
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1264:
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1260:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1243:
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1234:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1210:
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1206:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:
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1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1105:Battle of Muar
1101:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1005:
999:
998:
995:
989:
988:
985:
979:
978:
975:
969:
968:
965:
959:
958:
955:
949:British Malaya
945:
944:
941:
935:
934:
931:
929:Pangkor Treaty
925:
924:
921:
915:
914:
911:
905:
904:
901:
895:
894:
891:
885:
884:
881:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
861:
855:
854:
851:
845:
844:
841:
835:
834:
831:
825:
824:
821:
815:
814:
811:
809:Pahang Kingdom
805:
804:
801:
795:
794:
791:
785:
784:
781:
773:
770:
769:
766:
765:
760:
759:
756:
750:
749:
746:
740:
739:
736:
730:
729:
726:
720:
719:
713:
707:
706:
703:
697:
696:
690:
684:
683:
680:
674:
673:
670:
668:Aceh Sultanate
664:
663:
660:
654:
653:
650:
648:Sulu Sultanate
644:
643:
640:
634:
633:
627:
621:
620:
617:
611:
610:
604:
596:
593:
592:
589:
588:
583:
582:
579:
573:
572:
569:
563:
562:
559:
553:
552:
551:170–1135
549:
543:
542:
539:
533:
532:
526:
520:
519:
516:
510:
509:
506:
500:
499:
496:
488:
486:Early kingdoms
485:
484:
481:
480:
475:
474:
471:
462:
461:
458:
451:
450:
447:
440:
439:
437:
429:
428:
425:
416:
415:
413:
405:
404:
401:
399:Mansuli Valley
392:
391:
390:2,000,0000 BCE
385:
376:
375:
373:
363:
358:
357:
354:
353:
343:
342:
333:
332:
325:
318:
317:
312:
308:
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292:
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280:
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266:
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248:
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187:
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181:
178:
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170:
166:
165:
162:
161:
158:Mahmud Shah II
155:
152:
149:
148:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
131:
128:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
80:Malacca Empire
73:
69:
68:
64:
63:
53:
50:
36:Pahang Kingdom
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4461:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
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4437:
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4432:
4431:
4429:
4419:
4413:
4409:
4404:
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4399:
4393:
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4384:
4380:
4375:
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4364:
4361:
4355:
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4346:
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4329:
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4322:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4257:
4254:
4251:, pp. 30
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4230:
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4029:
4026:
4022:
4017:
4014:
4010:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3981:
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3974:
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3638:
3633:
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3626:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3609:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3591:
3588:named it the
3587:
3583:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3555:
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3547:
3543:
3539:
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3477:
3474:
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3462:
3460:
3457:
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3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3417:Ahmad Shah II
3415:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3346:مرحوم دبوكيت
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3311:Muzaffar Shah
3309:
3306:
3305:
3302:مرحوم دهيلير
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3269:Mansur Shah I
3267:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:Muhammad Shah
3201:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3164:
3163:Personal name
3157:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3108:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3070:
3065:
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3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3007:In 1607, the
3002:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2922:Raja Muzaffar
2919:
2915:
2914:Marhum Kampar
2911:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2886:
2881:
2880:Duarte Coelho
2877:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2865:Marhum Kampar
2862:
2858:
2854:
2853:Muhammad Shah
2850:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2837:Sultan Mahmud
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2821:Sultan Mansur
2819:princess, to
2818:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2770:Middle period
2769:
2767:
2765:
2764:Sultan Mansur
2761:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2748:Marhum Syeikh
2744:
2740:
2736:
2733:records that
2732:
2727:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2713:Sultan Mahmud
2709:
2707:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2670:
2666:
2664:
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2656:
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2648:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2594:Raja Muhammad
2591:
2585:
2582:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2563:Raja Abdullah
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2542:Muzaffar Shah
2536:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2482:Muhammad Shah
2479:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
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2438:
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2222:
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2201:
2197:
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2185:
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2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2124:MH17 incident
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2092:
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2077:
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2057:
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2045:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1885:
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1881:
1877:
1875:
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1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1690:
1689:Brunei revolt
1687:
1686:
1678:
1677:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
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1535:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1410:Modern period
1407:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1238:Malayan Union
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1200:BMA of Malaya
1198:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1057:
1056:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
994:
991:
990:
986:
984:
981:
980:
976:
974:
971:
970:
966:
964:
961:
960:
956:
954:
950:
947:
946:
942:
940:
937:
936:
932:
930:
927:
926:
922:
920:
917:
916:
912:
910:
907:
906:
902:
900:
897:
896:
892:
890:
887:
886:
882:
880:
877:
876:
872:
870:
867:
866:
862:
860:
857:
856:
852:
850:
849:Burney Treaty
847:
846:
842:
840:
837:
836:
832:
830:
827:
826:
822:
820:
817:
816:
812:
810:
807:
806:
802:
800:
799:Dutch Malacca
797:
796:
792:
790:
787:
786:
782:
780:
777:
776:
768:
767:
757:
755:
752:
751:
747:
745:
744:Reman Kingdom
742:
741:
737:
735:
734:Setul Kingdom
732:
731:
727:
725:
724:Besut Kingdom
722:
721:
714:
712:
709:
708:
704:
702:
699:
698:
691:
689:
686:
685:
681:
679:
676:
675:
671:
669:
666:
665:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
649:
646:
645:
641:
639:
636:
635:
628:
626:
623:
622:
618:
616:
613:
612:
605:
603:
600:
599:
591:
590:
580:
578:
575:
574:
570:
568:
565:
564:
560:
558:
555:
554:
550:
548:
545:
544:
541:424–775
540:
538:
535:
534:
527:
525:
524:Gangga Negara
522:
521:
517:
515:
512:
511:
507:
505:
502:
501:
497:
495:
494:Ancient Kedah
492:
491:
483:
482:
472:
470:
464:
463:
459:
453:
452:
448:
442:
441:
438:
436:
435:
431:
430:
426:
424:
423:Niah cultures
418:
417:
414:
412:
411:
407:
406:
402:
400:
394:
393:
386:
384:
378:
377:
374:
372:
371:
367:
366:
361:
356:
355:
349:
345:
344:
341:
334:
329:
323:
316:
313:
311:Today part of
309:
293:
291:
288:
287:
284:
278:
275:
268:
267:
264:
261:
254:
253:
250:
249:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
233:
229:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
209:
199:
195:
185:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:
146:
145:Muhammad Shah
143:
129:
127:
119:
115:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
74:
70:
65:
61:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4407:
4397:
4378:
4368:
4349:
4342:Bibliography
4335:, p. 27
4328:
4323:, p. 16
4316:
4309:Linehan 1973
4304:
4297:Linehan 1973
4292:
4287:, p. 31
4285:Linehan 1973
4280:
4275:, p. 86
4268:
4263:, p. 83
4256:
4249:Linehan 1973
4244:
4237:Linehan 1973
4232:
4220:
4215:, p. 80
4208:
4203:, p. 81
4196:
4191:, p. 81
4184:
4179:, p. 29
4177:Linehan 1973
4172:
4167:, p. 30
4165:Linehan 1973
4160:
4155:, p. 29
4153:Linehan 1973
4148:
4143:, p. 81
4136:
4131:, p. 29
4129:Linehan 1973
4124:
4119:, p. 27
4117:Linehan 1973
4112:
4107:, p. 27
4105:Linehan 1973
4100:
4095:, p. 26
4093:Linehan 1973
4088:
4083:, p. 26
4081:Linehan 1973
4076:
4071:, p. 25
4069:Linehan 1973
4064:
4057:Linehan 1973
4052:
4047:, p. 81
4040:
4035:, p. 20
4033:Linehan 1973
4028:
4023:, p. 81
4016:
4011:, p. 20
4009:Linehan 1973
4004:
3999:, p. 19
3997:Linehan 1973
3992:
3987:, p. 19
3985:Linehan 1973
3980:
3973:Linehan 1973
3968:
3963:, p. 18
3961:Linehan 1973
3956:
3951:, p. 80
3944:
3937:Linehan 1973
3932:
3927:, p. 17
3925:Linehan 1973
3920:
3915:, p. 80
3908:
3903:, p. 17
3901:Linehan 1973
3896:
3891:, p. 80
3884:
3879:, p. 17
3877:Linehan 1973
3872:
3865:Linehan 1973
3860:
3855:, p. 15
3853:Linehan 1973
3848:
3843:, p. 14
3841:Linehan 1973
3836:
3831:, p. 80
3824:
3819:, p. 14
3817:Linehan 1973
3812:
3807:, p. 14
3805:Linehan 1973
3800:
3795:, p. 14
3793:Linehan 1973
3788:
3783:, p. 14
3781:Linehan 1973
3776:
3769:Linehan 1973
3764:
3752:
3747:, p. 13
3745:Linehan 1973
3740:
3728:
3723:, p. 13
3721:Linehan 1973
3716:
3711:, p. 13
3709:Linehan 1973
3704:
3699:, p. 13
3697:Linehan 1973
3692:
3685:Linehan 1973
3680:
3675:, p. 83
3668:
3663:, p. 81
3656:
3651:, p. 79
3644:
3639:, p. 80
3632:
3627:, p. 31
3625:Linehan 1973
3620:
3615:, p. 31
3613:Linehan 1973
3608:
3579:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3531:
3513:
3502:
3260:مرحوم زيارة
3143:
3133:
3127:
3125:
3121:Abdul Ghafur
3114:
3110:
3103:
3096:Malay Annals
3095:
3089:
3073:
3061:
3041:
3037:
3017:Kuala Pahang
3009:Dutch Empire
3006:
2976:
2966:
2950:
2930:
2890:
2875:
2873:
2861:Malay Annals
2860:
2856:
2846:
2824:
2806:
2801:
2779:
2755:
2752:
2747:
2743:Malay Annals
2742:
2731:Malay Annals
2730:
2728:
2718:Malay Annals
2717:
2710:
2703:
2699:Raja Hussain
2686:
2684:
2681:Early period
2671:
2667:
2655:Sedili Besar
2646:
2636:
2622:
2603:
2586:
2578:
2540:
2475:
2424:
2416:
2414:
2338:Kuala Lumpur
1778:1972–present
1708:1962–present
1608:1MDB scandal
1268:Baling Talks
1165:Si Rat Malai
1071: /
1060:World War II
973:North Borneo
657:
432:
408:
368:
290:Johor Empire
245:Succeeded by
244:
239:
225:
59:
44:
4311:, p. 7
4227:, p. 9
3759:, p. 9
3735:, p. 9
3594:Abdul Kadir
3528:Kra Isthmus
3368:مرحوم شهيد
3289:Mahmud Shah
3216:مرحوم لڠݢر
3056:Raja Bujang
3029:Raja Bongsu
3003:Late period
2926:Raja Zainal
2904:. In 1525,
2878:, in 1518,
2849:Raja Mahmud
2817:Kelantanese
2739:Raja Mansur
2735:Abdul Jamil
2695:Raja Mansur
2606:Mansur Shah
2502:Netherlands
2433:كسلطانن ڤهڠ
2348:George Town
2303:Immigration
1343:Konfrontasi
498:<100 BCE
403:235,000 BCE
370:Paleolithic
337:History of
240:Preceded by
111:Sunni Islam
82:(1470–1511)
78:within the
55:كسلطانن ڤهڠ
4428:Categories
3601:References
3582:Alexandria
3556:in 1540.
3516:tin mining
3509:Orang Asli
3503:Since the
3488:1623–1677
3466:1614–1615
3450:مرحوم ڤهڠ
3444:1592–1614
3424:1590–1592
3404:1575–1590
3384:1560–1575
3362:1555–1560
3359:منصور شاه
3340:1540–1555
3324:مرحوم تڠه
3318:1530–1540
3296:1519–1530
3293:محمود شاه
3276:1495–1519
3273:منصور شاه
3254:1495–1512
3238:مرحوم شيخ
3232:1475–1495
3225:Ahmad Shah
3210:1470–1475
3116:Temenggung
3105:Hulubalang
2989:Ratu Hijau
2893:Muar River
2842:hulubalang
2802:Kota Biram
2794:Hulubalang
2774:See also:
2706:Terengganu
2691:Ahmad Shah
2659:Terengganu
2651:Temenggung
2643:Hulubalang
2610:sepak raga
2590:Raja Ahmad
1994:Sauk Siege
1661:Green Wave
1135:Sook Ching
909:Larut Wars
859:Naning War
682:1516– 1902
557:Old Pahang
514:Langkasuka
449:16,000 BCE
410:Mesolithic
117:Government
4225:Khoo 1980
3757:Khoo 1980
3733:Khoo 1980
3562:tin ingot
3550:Tembeling
3533:Penarikan
3486:1615–1617
3421:احمد شاه
3315:مظفر شاه
3229:احمد شاه
3207:محمد شاه
3100:Bendahara
2985:Ratu Ungu
2931:In 1540,
2859:) in the
2813:Penarikan
2786:Ayutthaya
2724:Laksamana
2639:Bendahara
2614:Bendahara
2574:Dewa Sura
2570:Tun Perak
2567:Bendahara
2554:Tembeling
2486:Dewa Sura
2326:By region
2228:2021–2022
2138:2014–2015
2038:2006–2007
1978:1998–1999
1844:Dawn Raid
1758:1969–2002
1728:1967–2009
1693:1962–1966
1681:Incidents
1655:2021–2023
1645:2020–2022
1635:2020–2022
1592:2009–2010
1582:1998–2022
1572:1997–1998
1542:1987–1988
1482:1979–2008
1452:1971–1990
1432:1969–1971
1397:1968–1989
1377:1963–1965
1347:1963–1966
1327:1962–1990
1317:1960–2012
1262:1948–1960
1252:1948–1963
1242:1946–1948
1232:1946–1963
1222:1946–1963
1208:1945–1946
1179:1943–1944
1169:1943–1945
1159:1942–1945
1099:1941–1942
1089:1941–1942
1079:1941–1945
1027:1909–1946
1007:1895–1946
997:1894–1905
987:1891–1895
977:1882–1946
957:1874–1946
943:1875–1876
939:Perak War
923:1867–1874
919:Klang War
913:1861–1874
903:1857–1863
893:1848–1946
873:1841–1946
863:1831–1832
833:1821–1826
823:1786–1946
813:1770–1881
803:1641–1824
793:1601–1661
783:1511–1641
758:1839–1864
748:1810–1902
738:1808–1916
728:1780–1899
705:1599–1641
672:1496–1903
662:1470–1623
652:1450–1899
642:1402–1511
619:1267–1521
577:Majapahit
567:Srivijaya
547:Old Kedah
434:Neolithic
196:invasion
107:Religion
67:1470–1623
4333:Benjamin
4273:Benjamin
4261:Benjamin
3520:Kelantan
3132:and the
3113:, and a
3023:and the
2973:Ahmad II
2633:Founding
2510:Acehnese
2498:Portugal
2467:Selangor
2439:, was a
2313:Military
2298:Economic
2281:By topic
1313:ISA 1960
561:449–1454
339:Malaysia
328:a series
326:Part of
315:Malaysia
222:Currency
194:Acehnese
120:Monarchy
3586:Ptolemy
3574:tampang
3570:Tampang
3566:tampang
3499:Economy
2628:History
2360:Sarawak
1667:present
1614:present
1501:present
1493:Spratly
1218:Sarawak
717:present
694:present
631:present
608:present
537:Pan Pan
227:Tampang
192:•
169:History
147:(first)
87:Capital
57:
4414:
4385:
4356:
3542:Pahang
3524:Patani
3167:Reign
3094:. The
3092:Melaka
2938:ducats
2910:Bintan
2869:Bintan
2558:Pahang
2532:Origin
2500:, the
2490:Pahang
2478:Melaka
2444:Muslim
2343:Penang
1204:Borneo
1145:Syburi
1073:Borneo
953:Borneo
504:Chi Tu
466:
455:
444:
420:
396:
380:
330:on the
172:
160:(last)
130:
126:Sultan
72:Status
40:Pahang
3546:Jelai
2798:Pekan
2663:Pekan
2546:Ligor
2514:Johor
2447:state
2441:Malay
2421:Malay
2355:Sabah
2333:Kedah
2308:Legal
1665:2022–
1612:2015–
1499:1980–
715:1766–
692:1528–
629:1368–
606:1136–
581:1300s
208:Johor
91:Pekan
4412:ISBN
4383:ISBN
4354:ISBN
3548:and
3538:Muar
3526:and
3193:Jawi
3188:Rumi
3183:Jawi
3178:Rumi
3140:adat
3033:Java
2924:and
2649:, a
2645:, a
2618:kris
2592:and
2506:Aceh
2504:and
2469:and
2429:Jawi
2415:The
2268:2024
2258:2024
2248:2023
2238:2022
2218:2021
2208:2021
2198:2018
2188:2017
2178:2017
2168:2016
2158:2015
2148:2015
2128:2014
2118:2014
2108:2013
2098:2011
2088:2010
2078:2010
2068:2009
2058:2008
2048:2007
2028:2004
2018:2002
2008:2001
1998:2000
1988:2000
1968:1996
1958:1996
1948:1995
1938:1995
1928:1993
1918:1991
1908:1989
1898:1988
1888:1987
1878:1986
1868:1985
1858:1985
1848:1981
1838:1977
1828:1977
1818:1976
1808:1976
1798:1975
1788:1975
1768:1971
1748:1969
1738:1967
1718:1964
1625:2018
1602:2014
1562:1993
1552:1989
1532:1987
1522:1985
1512:1984
1472:1977
1462:1974
1442:1970
1422:1969
1387:1967
1367:1963
1357:1963
1337:1963
1307:1959
1297:1957
1272:1955
1149:1942
1139:1942
1129:1942
1119:1942
1109:1942
1047:1915
1037:1914
1017:1909
967:1879
933:1874
883:1843
853:1826
843:1824
213:1623
200:1617
186:1470
3475:14
3455:13
3433:12
3413:11
3393:10
4430::
3544:,
3373:9
3351:8
3329:7
3307:6
3285:5
3265:4
3243:3
3221:2
3199:1
3159:#
3109:a
3082:.
2948:.
2829:AH
2750:.
2596:.
2556:,
2528:.
2473:.
2431::
2427:,
2423::
951:/
529:c.
388:c.
3107:,
2419:(
2404:e
2397:t
2390:v
1705:)
1701:(
1495:)
1491:(
1216:/
1202:/
42:.
20:)
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