590:
263:
continental passive margin subducting under oceanic plate. This rare phenomenon continues due to the previously subducted oceanic plate continuing to drag the continental plate under the oceanic upper plate. GPS data provides insights into the consequences of speed and direction of the colliding Indo-Australian plate and the Sunda plate. This data shows that lower Indo-Australian plate is the main driver for deformation seen in the nearby Sunda-Banda Arc system. The strain that is created within this system results in shortening, with the greatest concentration in the forearc and backarc. Active shortening is occurring within the Banda Orogen.
1212:
1236:
1224:
29:
1248:
262:
The plate margin between the lower Indo-Australian plate and the upper Sunda plate, features a unique form of subduction near the island of Timor. The subduction that occurred between the upper plate and lower plate started as oceanic plate subducting under oceanic. However, it then transitioned to
589:
266:
The eastern, southern, and western boundaries of the Sunda Plate are tectonically complex and seismically active. Only the northern boundary is relatively quiescent.
1947:
512:
1286:
486:
483:
1264:
1952:
1917:
1922:
1137:
322:
338:
Socquet, Anne; Wim Simons; Christophe Vigny; Robert McCaffrey; Cecep
Subarya; Dina Sarsito; Boudewijn Ambrosius; Wim Spakman (2006).
340:"Microblock rotations and fault coupling in SE Asia triple junction (Sulawesi, Indonesia) from GPS and earthquake slip vector data"
1942:
280:
1927:
505:
1932:
1912:
1907:
1503:
1493:
1279:
1937:
1738:
1508:
428:"Transition from subduction to arc-continent collision: Geologic and neotectonic evolution of Savu Island, Indonesia"
1410:
1252:
859:
216:
899:
125:
1902:
1897:
1240:
498:
389:"Plate boundary reorganization in the active Banda Arc–continent collision: Insights from new GPS measurements"
1831:
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879:
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759:
719:
656:
579:
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351:
1811:
1781:
1666:
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1605:
128:
measurements have confirmed its independent movement at 10 mm/yr eastward relative to
Eurasia.
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944:
709:
1856:
1646:
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93:
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387:
Nugroho, Hendro; Harris, Ron; Lestariya, Amin W.; Maruf, Bilal (December 2009).
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165:
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427:
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201:
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77:
28:
189:
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69:
490:
177:
153:
81:
73:
1268:
494:
470:
Bird, P. (2003) An updated digital model of plate boundaries,
313:
Whitten, T; Soeriaatmadja, R. E.; Suraya A. A. (1996).
120:
The Sunda Plate was formerly considered a part of the
259:, which generates frequent earthquakes and tsunamis.
1762:
1696:
1675:
1629:
1578:
1537:
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1319:
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528:
61:
53:
45:
35:
21:
317:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p. 87.
1280:
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8:
1548:
1353:
1287:
1273:
1265:
1223:
513:
499:
491:
27:
443:
363:
308:
306:
211:The Sunda is bounded in the east by the
302:
251:dips beneath the Sunda Plate along the
16:Tectonic plate including Southeast Asia
18:
485:also available as a PDF file (13 mb)
7:
1247:
472:Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
1948:Natural history of the Philippines
14:
1246:
1235:
1234:
1222:
1210:
588:
281:List of earthquakes in Indonesia
344:Journal of Geophysical Research
231:; to the south and west by the
1138:South American–Antarctic Ridge
109:straddling the Equator in the
1:
1802:Geelvinck (Cendrawasih) Basin
136:The Sunda Plate includes the
1953:Natural history of Singapore
1918:Geology of the Pacific Ocean
1504:Marikina Valley Fault System
1494:Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault
315:The Ecology of Java and Bali
1923:Geology of the Indian Ocean
1509:New Britain subduction zone
405:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.01.026
1969:
1411:Molucca Sea Collision Zone
1091:Galápagos Spreading Center
426:Harris, Ron (2009-06-01).
235:; and to the north by the
217:Molucca Sea Collision Zone
1551:
1204:
586:
113:on which the majority of
91:
26:
1832:Northern East Java Basin
1943:Natural history of Asia
1852:Southern Makassar Basin
1837:Northern Makassar Basin
1519:Philippine Fault System
1133:Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
66:Mainland Southeast Asia
1817:North Australian Basin
1750:West Melanesian Trench
1380:Philippine Mobile Belt
1186:Pacific-Farallon Ridge
1158:Ancient oceanic ridges
1148:Southwest Indian Ridge
1143:Southeast Indian Ridge
880:Philippine Mobile Belt
213:Philippine Mobile Belt
1630:Sulawesi and Moluccas
249:Indo-Australian Plate
176:, and the islands of
1928:Geology of Indonesia
1867:West Halmahera Basin
1745:West Caroline Trough
1499:Great Sumatran Fault
1462:South Bismarck Plate
1447:North Bismarck Plate
1334:Philippine Sea Plate
1061:Central Indian Ridge
480:10.1029/2001GC000252
365:10.1029/2005JB003963
144:, southern parts of
107:minor tectonic plate
1933:Geology of Malaysia
1913:Geology of Thailand
1908:Geology of Cambodia
1842:Ontong Java Plateau
1176:Kula-Farallon Ridge
445:10.1130/ges00209.s1
356:2006JGRB..111.8409S
1938:Geology of Vietnam
1827:North Flores Basin
1777:Aru-Tanimbar Basin
1739:New Britain Trench
1734:Pocklington Trough
1596:North Luzon Trough
1524:Ramu-Markham Fault
1217:Geology portal
1191:Pacific-Kula Ridge
1181:Mid-Labrador Ridge
1106:Mid-Atlantic Ridge
1101:Juan de Fuca Ridge
186:West Nusa Tenggara
111:Eastern Hemisphere
1885:
1884:
1872:West Natuna Basin
1797:East Natuna Basin
1758:
1757:
1729:New Guinea Trench
1709:Kilinailau Trench
1616:East Luzon Trench
1611:Philippine Trench
1480:
1479:
1457:Solomon Sea Plate
1416:Molucca Sea Plate
1401:Bird's Head Plate
1314:Convergence Zone)
1262:
1261:
1076:East Pacific Rise
221:Molucca Sea Plate
99:
98:
1960:
1822:North Biak Basin
1714:Manokwari Trough
1549:
1354:
1308:Australian Plate
1289:
1282:
1275:
1266:
1250:
1249:
1238:
1237:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1116:Kolbeinsey Ridge
592:
515:
508:
501:
492:
458:
457:
447:
423:
417:
416:
384:
378:
377:
367:
335:
329:
328:
310:
233:Australian Plate
92:Relative to the
31:
19:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1903:South China Sea
1898:Tectonic plates
1888:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1764:
1763:Subsea plateaus
1754:
1692:
1688:Tanimbar Trough
1671:
1625:
1586:Cotabato Trench
1574:
1560:Mentawai Trough
1541:
1533:
1514:Palu-Koro Fault
1476:
1467:Trobriand Plate
1430:
1406:Halmahera Plate
1396:Banda Sea Plate
1384:
1368:
1343:
1315:
1296:Tectonic plates
1293:
1263:
1258:
1209:
1200:
1152:
1126:Reykjanes Ridge
1111:Knipovich Ridge
1056:Carlsberg Ridge
1037:
954:
860:North Galápagos
681:
593:
584:
553:Indo-Australian
524:
522:Tectonic plates
519:
467:
465:Further reading
462:
461:
425:
424:
420:
386:
385:
381:
337:
336:
332:
325:
312:
311:
304:
299:
272:
225:Banda Sea Plate
138:South China Sea
134:
86:South China Sea
17:
12:
11:
5:
1966:
1964:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1877:Woodlark Basin
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1812:Minahasa Basin
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1787:Benham Plateau
1784:
1782:Bengkulu Basin
1779:
1774:
1768:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1741:(Bougainville)
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1667:Ternate Trough
1664:
1659:
1657:Sangihe Trough
1654:
1652:Salajar Trough
1649:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1606:Palawan Trench
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1552:
1546:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1472:Woodlark Plate
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1329:Caroline Plate
1325:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1300:Southeast Asia
1294:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1269:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1244:
1232:
1220:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:Explorer Ridge
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1043:Oceanic ridges
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
973:Bellingshausen
970:
964:
962:
960:Ancient plates
956:
955:
953:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
920:South Sandwich
917:
915:South Bismarck
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
855:North Bismarck
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
795:Juan Fernández
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
691:
689:
683:
682:
680:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
603:
601:
595:
594:
587:
585:
583:
582:
580:South American
577:
572:
570:North American
567:
566:
565:
560:
550:
545:
540:
534:
532:
526:
525:
520:
518:
517:
510:
503:
495:
489:
488:
474:, 4(3), 1027,
466:
463:
460:
459:
418:
399:(1–2): 52–65.
393:Tectonophysics
379:
330:
324:978-9625938882
323:
301:
300:
298:
295:
294:
293:
288:
283:
278:
271:
268:
255:also known as
241:Eurasian Plate
200:, and part of
133:
130:
122:Eurasian Plate
115:Southeast Asia
97:
96:
89:
88:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1965:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1772:Arafura Basin
1770:
1769:
1767:
1761:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Mussau Trough
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:Talaud Trough
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:Negros Trench
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:Manila Trench
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:(Sunda) with
1557:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1421:Sangihe Plate
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1312:Pacific Plate
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1196:Phoenix Ridge
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1155:
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1131:
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1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
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1102:
1099:
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1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
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1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
963:
961:
957:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
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893:
891:
888:
886:
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876:
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871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
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773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
710:Balmoral Reef
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
692:
690:
688:
684:
678:
675:
673:
670:
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623:
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581:
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541:
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533:
531:
527:
523:
516:
511:
509:
504:
502:
497:
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487:
484:
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477:
473:
469:
468:
464:
455:
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437:
433:
429:
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406:
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398:
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383:
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375:
371:
366:
361:
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334:
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296:
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284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
269:
267:
264:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:Yangtze Plate
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
207:
203:
199:
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191:
187:
183:
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155:
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147:
143:
139:
131:
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127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
95:
94:African Plate
90:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57:11–14 mm/year
56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
1857:Talaud Basin
1647:Ceram Trough
1642:Banda Trench
1570:Timor Trough
1565:Sunda Trough
1529:Sorong Fault
1338:
1251:
1239:
1227:
1208:
1086:Gakkel Ridge
998:Intermontane
790:Juan de Fuca
671:
647:New Hebrides
599:Minor plates
530:Major plates
471:
435:
431:
421:
396:
392:
382:
347:
343:
333:
314:
265:
261:
253:Sunda Trench
210:
135:
119:
117:is located.
102:
100:
1862:Weber Basin
1807:Manus Basin
1719:Lyra Trough
1621:Sulu Trench
1579:Philippines
1556:Java Trench
1452:Manus Plate
1442:Maoke Plate
1426:Timor Plate
1373:Philippines
1364:Burma Plate
1339:Sunda Plate
1171:Alpha Ridge
1166:Aegir Ridge
1121:Mohns Ridge
1096:Gorda Ridge
1071:Cocos Ridge
1066:Chile Ridge
910:Solomon Sea
850:North Andes
840:Molucca Sea
735:Conway Reef
720:Bird's Head
687:Microplates
291:Sunda Shelf
276:Kutai Basin
257:Java Trench
237:Burma Plate
229:Timor Plate
174:Philippines
172:, southern
160:along with
142:Andaman Sea
103:Sunda Plate
22:Sunda Plate
1892:Categories
1847:Sawu Basin
1792:Bula Basin
1765:and basins
1704:Ayu Trough
1697:New Guinea
1683:Aur Trough
1637:Aru Trough
1435:New Guinea
1304:New Guinea
1051:Aden Ridge
900:Seychelles
815:Madagascar
700:Aegean Sea
657:Philippine
558:Australian
297:References
124:, but the
1389:Indonesia
940:Trobriand
845:Niuafo’ou
800:Kerguelen
775:Halmahera
770:Greenland
755:Galápagos
725:Capricorn
715:Banda Sea
705:Anatolian
622:Caribbean
543:Antarctic
454:1553-040X
432:Geosphere
413:0040-1951
374:0148-0227
286:Sunda Arc
206:Indonesia
166:Singapore
1539:Trenches
1241:Category
1033:Kshiroda
1018:Malvinas
988:Farallon
983:Cimmeria
950:Woodlark
945:Victoria
905:Shetland
805:Kermadec
745:Explorer
695:Adriatic
627:Caroline
548:Eurasian
270:See also
202:Sulawesi
170:Cambodia
162:Malaysia
158:Thailand
62:Features
46:Movement
1544:troughs
1253:Commons
1028:Phoenix
1003:Izanagi
993:Insular
978:Charcot
895:Sangihe
865:Okinawa
835:Mariana
820:Malpelo
810:Lwandle
785:Iranian
780:Iberian
677:Yangtze
652:Okhotsk
612:Arabian
607:Amurian
575:Pacific
538:African
352:Bibcode
194:Sumatra
150:Myanmar
146:Vietnam
78:Sumatra
1486:Faults
968:Baltic
890:Rovuma
885:Rivera
870:Panama
760:Gonâve
750:Futuna
740:Easter
667:Somali
662:Scotia
637:Indian
563:Indian
452:
411:
372:
350:(B8).
321:
247:. The
243:; and
190:Borneo
182:Lombok
140:, the
132:Extent
70:Borneo
1676:Timor
1349:Small
1321:Large
1013:Lhasa
935:Tonga
930:Tisza
925:Timor
875:Pelso
830:Maoke
825:Manus
765:Gorda
730:Coiba
672:Sunda
642:Nazca
632:Cocos
617:Burma
438:(3).
105:is a
54:Speed
40:Minor
1542:and
1357:West
1229:List
1008:Kula
450:ISSN
409:ISSN
370:ISSN
319:ISBN
227:and
198:Java
178:Bali
156:and
154:Laos
101:The
82:Bali
74:Java
49:east
36:Type
1298:of
1023:Moa
476:doi
440:doi
401:doi
397:479
360:doi
348:111
204:in
126:GPS
1894::
482:.
448:.
434:.
430:.
407:.
395:.
391:.
368:.
358:.
346:.
342:.
305:^
239:,
223:,
219:,
215:,
208:.
196:,
192:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
168:,
164:,
152:,
148:,
84:,
80:,
76:,
72:,
68:,
1310:–
1306:(
1302:–
1288:e
1281:t
1274:v
514:e
507:t
500:v
478::
456:.
442::
436:5
415:.
403::
376:.
362::
354::
327:.
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