33:
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Most of these variations are likely to be harmful, but a few unusual combinations may produce valuable new traits, spurring the pace of evolution. Cancer cells too have an extraordinary ability to evolve. Lindquist's lab investigates closely related evolutionary mechanisms involved in the progression
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have in common? They are all experiencing the consequences of misfolded proteins. ... In humans the consequences can be deadly, leading to such devastating illnesses as
Alzheimer's Disease. In one case, the misfolded protein is not only deadly to the unfortunate individual in which it has appeared,
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for a short post-doc before being hired as a faculty member in the
Biology Department in 1978, becoming the Albert D. Lasker Professor of Medical Sciences with the founding of the Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology in 1980. At the University of Chicago Lindquist investigated the role
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Cooper, A. A.; Gitler, A.; Cashikar, A.; Haynes, C.; Hill, K.; Bhullar, B.; Liu, K.; Xu, K.; Strathearn, K.; Liu, F.; Cao, S.; Caldwell, K. A.; Caldwell, G. A.; Marsischky, G.; Kolodner, R. D.; Labaer, J.; Rochet, J. C.; Bonini, N. M.; Lindquist, S. (2006).
626:
Chung CY, Khurana V, Auluck PK, Tardiff DF, Mazzulli JR, Soldner F, Baru V, Lou Y, Freyzon Y, Cho S, Mungenast AE, Muffat J, Mitalipova M, Pluth MD, Jui NT, SchĂĽle B, Lippard SJ, Tsai LH, Krainc D, Buchwald SL, Jaenisch R, Lindquist S (2013).
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Serio, T.; Cashikar, A.; Kowal, A.; Sawicki, G.; Moslehi, J.; Serpell, L.; Arnsdorf, M.; Lindquist, S. (2000). "Nucleated conformational conversion and the replication of conformational information by a prion determinant".
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gave a $ 5 million gift to
Whitehead Institute to establish the Susan Lindquist Chair for Women in Science in Lindquist's memory. The gift will be awarded to a female scientist at Whitehead Institute.
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2559:"Susan Lindquist, pioneering biologist and former director of Whitehead Institute, dies at 67 Biology professor and mentor to many investigated protein folding and its role in disease"
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Gitler, A. D.; Chesi, A.; Geddie, M. L.; Strathearn, K. E.; Hamamichi, S.; Hill, K. J.; Caldwell, K. A.; Caldwell, G. A.; Cooper, A. A.; Rochet, J. C.; Lindquist, S. (2009).
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Tardiff DF, Jui NT, Khurana V, Tambe MA, Thompson ML, Chung CY, Kamadurai HB, Kim HT, Lancaster AK, Caldwell KA, Caldwell GA, Rochet JC, Buchwald SL, Lindquist S (2013).
545:
consequences of genetic changes, but showing all changes at once when the HSP system is overloaded, either pharmacologically or under stressful environmental conditions.
352:
Lindquist's father and mother were of
Swedish and Italian descent, respectively, and although they expected her to become a housewife, Susan studied microbiology at the
1304:
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Lindquist lectured nationally and internationally on a variety of scientific topics. In June 2006, she was the inaugural guest on the "Futures in
Biotech" podcast on
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1907:
1941:
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492:. She was considered an expert in protein folding, which, as explained by Lindquist in the following excerpt, is an ancient, fundamental problem in biology:
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as a model system to study how heat shock proteins regulate gene expression and protein folding. For this work, Lindquist was made an investigator for the
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but it can apparently be passed from one individual to another under special circumstances – producing infectious neurodegenerative diseases such as
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Parsell, D.A.; Lindquist, S. (1993). "The
Function of Heat-Shock Proteins in Stress Tolerance: Degradation and Reactivation of Damaged Proteins".
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2403:"Whitehead Institute – News – 2014 – Master heat-shock factor supports reprogramming of normal cells to enable tumor growth and metastasis"
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Lindquist was married to Edward
Buckbee and had two daughters. She died of cancer in Boston at the age of 67 on October 27, 2016.
1266:
506:
2796:"Recipients of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Vanderbilt Prize for Women's Excellence in Science and Mentorship award"
419:
Lindquist was awarded the
National Medal of Science in 2009 (presented in 2010), for research contributions to protein folding.
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Lindquist also co-founded two companies to translate research into potential therapies, FoldRx and
Yumanity Therapeutics (with
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Cowen, L. E.; Lindquist, S. (2005). "Hsp90 Potentiates the Rapid
Evolution of New Traits: Drug Resistance in Diverse Fungi".
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778:"Α-Synuclein is part of a diverse and highly conserved interaction network that includes PARK9 and manganese toxicity"
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Carroll, John. UPDATED: Onyx vet Tony Coles embarks on a new biotech adventure. Fierce BioTech. December 15, 2014.
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2483:"Whitehead Institute – News – 2016 – Whitehead's Susan Lindquist to receive prestigious Albany Prize in Medicine"
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2874:"Current Winner – Rosenstiel Award – Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center – Brandeis University"
2165:"Whitehead Institute – News – 2016 – Susan Lindquist, accomplished and beloved scientist, has died at age 67"
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1588:"Lindquist Lab | Lindquist Lab at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research | Lindquist Lab"
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Queitsch, C.; Sangster, T. A.; Lindquist, S. (2002). "Hsp90 as a capacitor of phenotypic variation".
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https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/updated-onyx-vet-tony-coles-embarks-on-a-new-biotech-adventure
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2016:
Protein and RNA synthesis induced by heat treatment in Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells
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Protein and RNA synthesis induced by heat treatment in Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells
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2380:
2190:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF – National Science Foundation"
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734:"A Systematic Survey Identifies Prions and Illuminates Sequence Features of Prionogenic Proteins"
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577:"Yeast reveal a "druggable" Rsp5/Nedd4 network that ameliorates α-synuclein toxicity in neurons"
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2661:"Professor Susan Lindquist from the Whitehead Institute Receives Max DelbrĂĽck Medal in Berlin"
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2019:
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in regulating the cellular response to environmental stresses. Lindquist pioneered the use of
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Lindquist is best known for her research that provided strong evidence for a new paradigm in
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1986:
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441:), companies developing drug therapies for diseases of protein misfolding and amyloidosis.
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2048:. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. July 18, 2008. Archived from
680:"Hsp90 and Environmental Stress Transform the Adaptive Value of Natural Genetic Variation"
405:
401:, one of the first women in the nation to lead a major independent research organization.
314:
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629:"Identification and rescue of α-synuclein toxicity in Parkinson patient-derived neurons"
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Lindquist was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Iver and Eleanor (née Maggio), and attended
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3162:
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2997:
2766:"Recipients of American Society for Cell Biology E.B. Wilson Medal award | MIT Biology"
1991:
1964:
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1619:"Using yeast to understand protein folding diseases: An interview with Susan Lindquist"
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865:"-Synuclein Blocks ER-Golgi Traffic and Rab1 Rescues Neuron Loss in Parkinson's Models"
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In 2004, Lindquist resumed research as an Institute Member, an associate member of the
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961:"Structural insights into a yeast prion illuminate nucleation and strain diversity"
473:
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1981:
1908:"Susan Lindquist, Scientist Who Made Genetic Discoveries Using Yeast, Dies at 67"
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1138:"Support for the Prion Hypothesis for Inheritance of a Phenotypic Trait in Yeast"
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2893:"Susan Lindquist Scientist Who Made Genetic Discoveries Using Yeast Dies at 67"
2585:
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3259:
2736:"Recipients of European Molecular Biology Organization Associate Member award"
1942:"In Memoriam: Susan Lindquist, 67, Pioneer in Protein Folding Research – ASCB"
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Lindquist, S. (1981). "Regulation of protein synthesis during heat shock".
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821:"Heat Shock Factor 1 is a Powerful Multifaceted Modifier of Carcinogenesis"
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Whitesell, Luke; Santagata, Sandro (2016). "Susan Lindquist (1949–2016)".
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Vanderbilt Prize for Women's Excellence in Science and Mentorship in 2014.
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305:(June 5, 1949 – October 27, 2016) was an American professor of biology at
1301:
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of cancerous tumors and in the evolution of antibiotic-resistant fungi.
2532:
Webteam, University of Pittsburgh University Marketing Communications.
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Alberti, S.; Halfmann, R.; King, O.; Kapila, A.; Lindquist, S. (2009).
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framework for understanding devastating neurological illnesses such as
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by the German Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in 2008.
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526:
510:
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2043:"FASEB ANNOUNCES RECIPIENT OF THE 2009 EXCELLENCE IN SCIENCE AWARD"
793:
1012:"A neuronal isoform of the aplysia CPEB has prion-like properties"
547:
538:
518:
501:
322:
123:
2428:
Heitman, Joseph (September 30, 2005). "A Fungal Achilles' Heel".
2354:"From Mad Cows to 'Psi-chotic' Yeast: A New Paradigm in Genetics"
1965:"A Flurry of Folding Problems: An Interview with Susan Lindquist"
1513:"A Flurry of Folding Problems: An Interview with Susan Lindquist"
1136:
Patino, M. M.; Liu, J. -J.; Glover, J. R.; Lindquist, S. (1996).
372:
Upon completing her dissertation in 1976, Lindquist moved to the
283:
2636:"U.S. Scientist Receives Otto Warburg Medal Sponsored By QIAGEN"
521:) and how it can act as a switch that hides or reveals numerous
427:
230:
3361:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
2918:
1815:"Prions and Protein Folding: Video talk by Dr. Susan Lindquist"
1396:
Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research
306:
819:
Dai, C.; Whitesell, L.; Rogers, A. B.; Lindquist, S. (2007).
2303:
3371:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
360:
in 1976. She completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the
356:
as an undergraduate and received her PhD in biology from
1293:
Named one of the 50 most important women in science by
414:
David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
2534:"Susan L. Lindquist, PhD | Dickson Prize in Medicine"
3341:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2215:"Futures in Biotech 1 Dr. Susan Lindquist | TWiT.TV"
1246:
Lindquist won numerous awards and honors including:
325:. Lindquist was a member and former director of the
3227:
3206:
2960:
2358:
NAS Distinguished Leaders in Science Lecture Series
468:with new, self-perpetuating shapes rather than new
389:in 1988. After making important new discoveries to
278:
262:
244:
213:
203:
129:
111:
90:
71:
45:
23:
1870:"Susan Lindquist – 2009 National Medal of Science"
1666:Lindquist, S. (1986). "The Heat-Shock Response".
517:Lindquist worked on the PSI+ element in yeast (a
1398:with F. Ulrich Hartl and Arthur Horwich in 2016.
1305:William Procter Prize for Scientific Achievement
541:, may act in the same way, normally preventing
3381:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni
1386:Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS)
434:in Davos, Switzerland with other MIT leaders.
317:problem within a family of molecules known as
3396:Members of the American Philosophical Society
2930:
2718:"Cambridge researcher honored at White House"
397:in 2001 and was appointed as Director of the
8:
2691:"2010 Mendel Lecture – The Genetics Society"
1436:"The 2008 Genetics Society of America Medal"
3366:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
2848:"2015 Vallee Visiting Professors Announced"
1506:
1504:
1276:/Drew Award in Biomedical Research in 2000.
399:Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
2937:
2923:
2915:
1750:
1748:
1429:
1427:
1010:Si, K.; Lindquist, S.; Kandel, E. (2003).
430:network. In 2007, she participated in the
103:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
37:Susan Lindquist in 2015, portrait via the
31:
20:
2104:
1990:
1980:
1642:
1538:
1528:
1459:
1169:
1027:
992:
896:
844:
801:
757:
714:
660:
608:
2586:"The 50 Most Important Women in Science"
1379:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
513:and Creutzfeldt–Jacob Disease in humans.
500:, and an unusual type of inheritance in
1423:
1361:European Molecular Biology Organization
959:Krishnan, R.; Lindquist, S. L. (2005).
2716:Valverde, Miriam (November 18, 2010).
2330:"A chair at MIT in Lindquist's memory"
2014:McKenzie, Susan Lee Lindquist (1976).
1880:from the original on December 11, 2021
2605:
2603:
2477:
2475:
2328:WEISMAN, ROBERT (November 17, 2016).
2159:
2157:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2037:
2035:
2033:
1940:Fleischman, John (October 28, 2016).
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1481:
1479:
1372:The American Society for Cell Biology
1253:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
678:Jarosz, D. F.; Lindquist, S. (2010).
7:
3346:Foreign members of the Royal Society
2891:Grimes, William (October 29, 2016).
1906:Grimes, William (October 28, 2016).
1391:Vallee Visiting Professorship (2015)
3391:American women molecular biologists
3356:Howard Hughes Medical Investigators
3336:Deaths from cancer in Massachusetts
2584:Svitil, Kathy (November 13, 2002).
1723:10.1146/annurev.ge.27.120193.002253
1680:10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.005443
1594:. February 10, 2016. Archived from
3326:American people of Swedish descent
3321:American people of Italian descent
2241:"MIT and the World Economic Forum"
2018:(PhD thesis). Harvard University.
1314:of the National Academies in 2006.
14:
2081:"Susan Lee Lindquist (1949–2016)"
1333:FASEB Excellence in Science Award
412:, and an associate member of the
153:FASEB Excellence in Science Award
145:Genetics Society of America Medal
3376:People from Park Ridge, Illinois
1359:Made an Associate Member of the
1267:American Academy of Microbiology
496:What do "mad cows", people with
2079:Fuchs, Elaine (December 2016).
1845:"Whitehead Institute – Faculty"
1821:. June 16, 2015. Archived from
1563:"Whitehead Institute – Faculty"
387:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2278:"Scientific Founders – FoldRx"
1288:American Philosophical Society
1:
3316:American molecular biologists
1668:Annual Review of Biochemistry
1623:Disease Models and Mechanisms
1121:10.1126/science.289.5483.1317
1029:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)01020-1
2611:"Susan L. Lindquist profile"
1982:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002076
1530:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002076
1345:Awarded the Mendel Medal by
1260:National Academy of Sciences
1162:10.1126/science.273.5275.622
3386:Whitehead Institute faculty
1452:10.1534/genetics.104.017834
1401:Awarded (posthumously) the
1342:, Berlin, Germany, in 2010.
1319:Genetics Society of America
560:Lindquist made advances in
472:. This research provided a
3417:
2106:10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.030
837:10.1016/j.cell.2007.07.020
750:10.1016/j.cell.2009.02.044
498:neurodegenerative diseases
490:Creutzfeldt–Jakob diseases
3351:Harvard University alumni
2538:www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu
2371:"Susan Lindquist profile"
1711:Annual Review of Genetics
1354:National Medal of Science
1281:Dickson Prize in Medicine
331:National Medal of Science
274:
196:
161:National Medal of Science
30:
3401:Biologists from Illinois
3331:American cell biologists
1963:Gitschier, Jane (2011).
337:Early life and education
2508:"Navigation for iFrame"
2442:10.1126/science.1119321
2304:"Yumanity Therapeutics"
1777:10.1126/science.aal3609
936:10.1126/science.1118370
889:10.1126/science.1129462
707:10.1126/science.1195487
653:10.1126/science.1245296
601:10.1126/science.1245321
362:American Cancer Society
343:Maine South High School
2137:"Susan Lindquist, PhD"
1511:Gitschier, J. (2011).
1265:Named a fellow of the
553:
533:. She proposed that a
531:evolutionary capacitor
515:
354:University of Illinois
2852:The Vallee Foundation
1876:. November 29, 2010.
1312:Institute of Medicine
551:
494:
446:Johnson & Johnson
393:, Lindquist moved to
374:University of Chicago
236:University of Chicago
83:Boston, Massachusetts
3311:American geneticists
2360:, November 10, 1999.
1952:on November 3, 2016.
1434:Hopkins, N. (2008).
1347:The Genetics Society
529:, thus acting as an
432:World Economic Forum
329:and was awarded the
313:, particularly the
2826:"Fellows Directory"
2806:on October 30, 2016
2776:on October 30, 2016
2746:on October 30, 2016
2640:www.abnnewswire.net
2436:(5744): 2175–2176.
2383:on October 30, 2016
2097:2016Natur.540...40S
1825:on October 29, 2016
1769:2016Sci...354..974W
1356:(for 2009) in 2010.
1209:1981Natur.293..311L
1154:1996Sci...273..622P
1113:2000Sci...289.1317S
1107:(5483): 1317–1321.
1067:2002Natur.417..618Q
985:10.1038/nature03679
977:2005Natur.435..765K
928:2005Sci...309.2185C
922:(5744): 2185–2189.
881:2006Sci...313..324C
699:2010Sci...330.1820J
693:(6012): 1820–1824.
645:2013Sci...342..983C
593:2013Sci...342..979T
379:heat shock proteins
327:Whitehead Institute
319:heat-shock proteins
299:Susan Lee Lindquist
221:Whitehead Institute
120:heat-shock proteins
50:Susan Lee Lindquist
18:American geneticist
2898:The New York Times
2697:on August 13, 2011
2671:on January 3, 2011
2565:. October 28, 2016
1912:The New York Times
1635:10.1242/dmm.000810
1340:Max DelbrĂĽck Medal
1326:Otto Warburg Medal
554:
535:heat shock protein
444:In November 2016,
358:Harvard University
177:E. B. Wilson Medal
98:Harvard University
3288:
3287:
3178:Natalie Strynadka
3068:Zoubin Ghahramani
1617:Kain, K. (2008).
1567:Whitehead.mit.edu
1487:"Susan Lindquist"
1368:E.B. Wilson Medal
1297:Magazine in 2002.
1242:Awards and honors
1203:(5830): 311–314.
1148:(5275): 622–626.
1075:10.1038/nature749
1061:(6889): 618–624.
971:(7043): 765–772.
875:(5785): 324–328.
311:molecular biology
296:
295:
208:Molecular biology
198:Scientific career
189:
181:
165:
157:
149:
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64:Chicago, Illinois
3408:
3058:Alison Etheridge
3048:A. W. F. Edwards
2939:
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2878:www.brandeis.edu
2870:
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2802:. Archived from
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2772:. Archived from
2762:
2756:
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2742:. Archived from
2732:
2726:
2725:
2722:The Boston Globe
2713:
2707:
2706:
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2702:
2693:. Archived from
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2667:. Archived from
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2512:accounts.asm.org
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2479:
2470:
2469:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2379:. Archived from
2367:
2361:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2308:www.yumanity.com
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2284:on July 11, 2011
2280:. Archived from
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2108:
2091:(6): 1440–1442.
2076:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2055:on June 30, 2014
2054:
2047:
2039:
2028:
2027:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1994:
1984:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1948:. Archived from
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1903:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1598:on July 16, 2012
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1542:
1532:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1463:
1446:(3): 1125–1128.
1431:
1403:Rosenstiel Award
1236:
1217:10.1038/293311a0
1191:
1173:
1132:
1094:
1049:
1031:
1006:
996:
955:
910:
900:
858:
848:
831:(6): 1005–1018.
815:
805:
771:
761:
728:
718:
684:
674:
664:
622:
612:
587:(6161): 979–83.
439:N. Anthony Coles
309:specializing in
292:
289:
287:
285:
269:Matthew Meselson
264:Doctoral advisor
258:
187:
179:
173:
163:
155:
147:
139:
78:
75:October 27, 2016
59:
57:
35:
21:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3223:
3202:
3108:Gero Miesenböck
3078:Michael Hausser
3053:Yvonne Elsworth
3033:Philip Donoghue
3028:Annette Dolphin
2956:
2943:
2913:
2903:
2901:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2855:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2831:
2829:
2828:. Royal Society
2824:
2823:
2819:
2809:
2807:
2800:biology.mit.edu
2794:
2793:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2770:biology.mit.edu
2764:
2763:
2759:
2749:
2747:
2740:biology.mit.edu
2734:
2733:
2729:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2674:
2672:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2644:
2642:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2591:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2514:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2489:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2409:. July 31, 2014
2401:
2400:
2396:
2386:
2384:
2369:
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2348:
2338:
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2327:
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2301:
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2276:
2275:
2271:
2263:
2259:
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2238:
2237:
2233:
2223:
2221:
2213:
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2208:
2198:
2196:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2145:
2143:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2078:
2077:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2031:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1975:(5): e1002076.
1962:
1961:
1957:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1924:
1922:
1905:
1904:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1853:
1851:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1754:
1753:
1746:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1523:(5): e1002076.
1510:
1509:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1489:. Royal Society
1485:
1484:
1477:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1421:
1413:
1408:
1310:Elected to the
1286:Elected to the
1258:Elected to the
1251:Elected to the
1244:
1239:
1194:
1135:
1097:
1052:
1009:
958:
913:
861:
818:
782:Nature Genetics
775:
731:
682:
677:
639:(6161): 983–7.
625:
574:
570:
552:Susan Lindquist
525:throughout the
507:mad-cow disease
460:based upon the
454:
406:Broad Institute
370:
339:
315:protein folding
282:
256:
240:
192:
171:
122:
118:
116:protein folding
107:
91:Alma mater
86:
80:
76:
67:
61:
55:
53:
52:
51:
41:
26:
25:Susan Lindquist
19:
12:
11:
5:
3414:
3412:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3293:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3275:William Miller
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3183:Richard Thomas
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3148:John Robertson
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3118:David Phillips
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3093:Andy Mackenzie
3090:
3085:
3083:Laurence Hurst
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Daniel Drucker
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3013:Stephen Cusack
3010:
3005:
3000:
2998:Clifford Cocks
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2919:
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2911:
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2839:
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2757:
2727:
2708:
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2627:
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2576:
2550:
2524:
2499:
2471:
2420:
2394:
2362:
2346:
2320:
2295:
2269:
2257:
2239:Yossi Sheffi.
2231:
2206:
2181:
2153:
2128:
2066:
2029:
2006:
1955:
1932:
1891:
1861:
1836:
1806:
1744:
1701:
1658:
1609:
1579:
1554:
1500:
1475:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1349:, UK, in 2010.
1343:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1321:Medal in 2008.
1315:
1308:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1248:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1192:
1133:
1095:
1050:
1022:(7): 879–891.
1007:
956:
911:
859:
816:
794:10.1038/ng.300
788:(3): 308–315.
773:
744:(1): 146–158.
729:
675:
623:
571:
569:
566:
562:nanotechnology
453:
450:
369:
366:
338:
335:
294:
293:
280:
276:
275:
272:
271:
266:
260:
259:
248:
242:
241:
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217:
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211:
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205:
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194:
193:
191:
190:
182:
174:
166:
158:
150:
142:
133:
131:
127:
126:
113:
112:Known for
109:
108:
106:
105:
100:
94:
92:
88:
87:
81:
79:(aged 67)
73:
69:
68:
62:
49:
47:
43:
42:
36:
28:
27:
24:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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3362:
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3354:
3352:
3349:
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3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3265:Sue Lindquist
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3240:Zdeněk Bažant
3238:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3193:Frank Uhlmann
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:Roger Sheldon
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3123:Jonathan Pila
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3088:Jane Langdale
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3063:Jeremy Farrar
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2988:Stephen Brown
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Allan Balmain
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2950:Royal Society
2947:
2940:
2935:
2933:
2928:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2887:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2840:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2709:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2670:
2666:
2665:Mdc-berlin.de
2662:
2656:
2653:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2587:
2580:
2577:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2551:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2525:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2472:
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2439:
2435:
2431:
2424:
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2404:
2398:
2395:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2339:September 21,
2335:
2331:
2324:
2321:
2309:
2305:
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2296:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2267:
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2207:
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2170:
2166:
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2138:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2051:
2044:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1969:PLOS Genetics
1966:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1862:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1763:(6315): 974.
1762:
1758:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1659:
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1650:
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1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1613:
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1593:
1589:
1583:
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1568:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:PLOS Genetics
1514:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1411:Personal life
1410:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
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1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1282:
1279:Received the
1278:
1275:
1272:Received the
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1241:
1234:
1230:
1226:
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1218:
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1210:
1206:
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1198:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
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1000:
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990:
986:
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970:
966:
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957:
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949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
912:
908:
904:
899:
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890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
860:
856:
852:
847:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
813:
809:
804:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
774:
769:
765:
760:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
730:
726:
722:
717:
712:
708:
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696:
692:
688:
681:
676:
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532:
528:
524:
520:
514:
512:
508:
503:
499:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:DNA sequences
467:
463:
459:
451:
449:
447:
442:
440:
435:
433:
429:
425:
420:
417:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
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388:
384:
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367:
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328:
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308:
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291:
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254:
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237:
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229:
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199:
195:
186:
183:
178:
175:
170:
167:
162:
159:
154:
151:
146:
143:
138:
137:Dickson Prize
135:
134:
132:
128:
125:
121:
117:
114:
110:
104:
101:
99:
96:
95:
93:
89:
84:
74:
70:
65:
48:
44:
40:
39:Royal Society
34:
29:
22:
16:
3264:
3255:John Kuriyan
3250:Andrew Knoll
3235:Alain Aspect
3214:Lisa Jardine
3198:Colin Wilson
3188:Bryan Turner
3168:Henry Snaith
3158:Julia Slingo
3143:Alan Roberts
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60:June 5, 1949
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3306:2016 deaths
3301:1949 births
3280:John Spence
3270:Gail Martin
3219:Robin Saxby
3163:Scott Sloan
3138:Andrew Read
3133:John Rarity
3113:Ketan Patel
3043:James Dyson
3018:Anne Cutler
3008:Andy Cooper
2993:Jane Clarke
2904:October 30,
2832:October 30,
2810:October 30,
2780:October 30,
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2645:October 31,
2620:October 31,
2543:October 30,
2517:October 31,
2492:October 31,
2413:October 31,
2387:October 30,
2376:MIT Biology
2288:October 31,
2250:October 30,
2224:October 31,
2194:www.nsf.gov
2174:October 28,
2146:October 30,
2059:October 31,
1925:October 30,
1884:October 30,
1854:October 30,
1829:October 30,
1674:: 1151–91.
1602:October 30,
1572:October 30,
1493:October 30,
482:Parkinson's
478:Alzheimer's
474:biochemical
462:inheritance
424:Leo Laporte
408:of MIT and
3295:Categories
3260:Jiayang Li
3245:Linda Buck
2983:Kamal Bawa
2588:. Discover
2487:wi.mit.edu
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2169:wi.mit.edu
1717:: 437–96.
1419:References
1384:Elected a
543:phenotypic
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3173:Ajay Sood
3023:Ben Davis
2973:Ali Alavi
2450:0036-8075
2199:August 7,
2115:0092-8674
1946:ASCB Post
1920:0362-4331
1785:0036-8075
523:mutations
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3207:Honorary
2952:elected
2563:MIT News
2466:27186932
2458:16195450
2141:HHMI.org
2123:29413691
2024:14767508
2001:21589898
1878:Archived
1793:27884995
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1470:18385104
1440:Genetics
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1388:in 2015.
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1363:in 2011.
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1307:in 2006.
1302:Sigma Xi
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1274:Novartis
1269:in 1997.
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