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861:. With the formation of the Court of Appeals, the Supreme Court could choose which cases it would hear and which cases it would leave to the lower courts. Constitutional amendments also lengthened judicial terms to ten years and changed the limits on the size of the Court to a minimum of five members and a maximum of nine. The method of selecting justices was changed from statewide election to appointment by the governor. The amendment also provided for a Judicial Nominating Commission to choose candidates. Justices also became subject to a retention election. In addition, the office of chief justice became permanent. Previously the title rotated among the justices. In 2004, the Indiana General Assembly created the Supreme Court Division of Administration, legalizing and expanding the role of the clerks of the Court.
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accepts a case, it reviews the documentation of the trials in the lower court and sometimes allows oral arguments before making a decision. In some cases the justices will issue a decision without hearing arguments from either side and will base their decision solely on evidence submitted in the lower courts. The Court can order a new trial to take place in the local court, overturn the decision of lower courts and enforce its own decision, or uphold the decision of lower courts.
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Indiana
Supreme Court". The Disciplinary Commission is responsible for investigating grievances filed against members of the bar for misconduct and making disciplinary recommendations to the Supreme Court. The Commission for Continuing Legal Education administers, develops, and regulates continuing legal education requirements, mediation training standards, and attorney specialization programs.
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chief justice from the sitting associate justices for a five-year term. The chief justice presides over the Court. When the position of chief justice becomes vacant, the most senior member of the Court serves as the acting chief justice until a new one is chosen by the
Judicial Nominating Commission. The chief justice also serves as chairman of the Judicial Nominating Commission.
335:(1820). Originally begun as a three-member judicial panel, the Court underwent major reforms in 1852 and 1971, as well as several other reorganizations. Court reforms led to a majority of Supreme Court cases being delegated to lower courts, an enlarged panel of justices, and employment of a large staff to assist as its caseload increases.
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completed, the justice must be reappointed with the same process originally used to appoint them to remain on the Court. A majority vote of both houses of the
Indiana General Assembly may impeach a justice for misconduct. It is mandatory for a justice to retire at age seventy-five, even if their term is incomplete.
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In 1851, the
Supreme Court was reorganized under the new state constitution. The position of justice was changed from an appointed position to an elected one. Judicial terms were changed to six years and the Court's size was set to a minimum of three members and not more than five. The Court's judges
383:
The Court appoints three commissions to assist it in its exclusive jurisdiction over the practice of law in
Indiana. The role of the Board of Law Examiners is to "inquire into and determine the character, fitness, and general qualifications to be admitted to practice law as a member of the bar of the
408:
submits a list of three qualified nominees to the governor. The governor then selects the new
Justice from the list. If the governor fails to choose a replacement within sixty days, the chief justice or the acting chief justice must do so. The Judicial Nomination Commission Chief Justice selects the
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may increase the number of associate justices to a maximum of eight for a total of nine court justices. A board of five commissioners assists the Court in its administrative duties. Commissioners are nominated by the
Judicial Nominating Commission and appointed by the governor. The Court offices and
820:
Courthouse, before moving to the third
Indiana Statehouse. In 1865 the Court was given its own building on lot number one in Indianapolis, where it remained until 1888, moving to its present location in the fifth Indiana Statehouse. As of 2012, the Court occupies the entire north wing of the third
425:
Eligibility requirements to be nominated as a justice of the
Supreme Court are established in Article 7 of the Indiana Constitution. The candidate must be a citizen of the United States and reside within the state of Indiana before being considered for the office. The candidate must also have been
375:
or the
Indiana Tax Court, who can hear the case or enforce the lower court's decision. If the parties still disagree with the outcome of the case, they can appeal the decision to the Indiana Supreme Court. The Court can choose to hear the case and possibly overturn the previous judgment, or it can
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admitted to the practice of law in Indiana for at least ten years prior to their candidacy or must have served as a judge of a circuit, superior, or criminal court of Indiana for five years. The candidate cannot be under an indictment in any court in the United States with a crime punishable as a
853:
The Court's caseload continued to grow over time. In 1881, the general assembly approved the creation of a five-member panel of commissioners to assist the justices in administrative tasks. Even this was not enough to handle the load. In 1891, the Appellate Court of Indiana was created to handle
387:
The Judicial Nominating Commission is responsible for recruiting and interviewing applicants to fill vacancies on the Indiana Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals, and the Tax Court. It then sends three nominees for each vacancy to the governor. The Judicial Qualification Commission investigates
379:
The Indiana Supreme Court has original and sole jurisdiction in certain specific areas, including the practice of law, discipline or disbarment of judges appointed to the lower state courts, and supervision over the exercise of jurisdiction by the other lower courts of the state. When the Court
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held during the first statewide election following the completion of the justice's second year in office. The justice is listed on the ballot with the option to be retained or to be rejected from the Court. If retained, the justice may serve the remainder of their ten-year term. When a term is
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The entire Court takes part in the annual Judicial Conference of Indiana, which is attended by all of the state's judges, and recommends improvements to the Court and state judiciary. The Court is also responsible for implementing all laws passed by the Indiana General Assembly that affect the
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in most cases, meaning that it can only hear cases appealed to the Court after having been previously heard in lower courts. Most cases begin in local circuit courts, where the initial trial is held and a jury decides the outcome of the case. The circuit court decision can be appealed to the
832:
quickly became overwhelmed by an ever-increasing caseload. In 1853, the minimum was increased to four members and in 1872, it was increased to five. The Court has remained at a minimum of five justices since that time. In 1867, the general assembly transferred all the law books in the
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judiciary. The Division of Supreme Court Administration is staffed by clerks who oversee the fiscal management of the courts, including payroll and expenses. In addition, the division is responsible for maintaining the Court's records and assists in its administrative functions.
883:(1820), where the Court overturned a circuit court decision that tested slave ownership in the new state by stating "the framers of our constitution intended a total and entire prohibition of slavery," and resulted in all slaves in Indiana being freed. In the
804:
to replace him. Blackford became the second chief justice of the Court and was the longest serving justice in the Court's history, serving 36 years, 3 months, and 24 days. Blackford recorded all of the Court's early decisions in a multivolume work titled
756:
The Indiana Supreme Court was established in 1816 when Indiana was granted statehood. The new Court replaced the General Court of the Indiana Territory, which consisted of a three-member panel. Housed in a
828:
for precedence. This continued to be the case until the passage of the Practice Act in the late 1840s which changed the system for pleadings and caused many earlier precedents to become invalid.
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Portrait of the Indiana Supreme Court in their chambers in 1912. From left to right: Douglas Morris, Charles E. Cox, Chief Justice Leander J. Monks, Quincy Myers, and John W. Spencer.
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Article 7 of the Indiana Constitution governs the term length of Supreme Court Justices. When there is a vacancy on the Court, a new justice is nominated using a variation of the
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chambers are located on the third floor in the north wing of the Indiana Statehouse. The Court maintains a large legal library on the third floor that is open to the public.
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to the Court to create a Supreme Court Law Library. The library grew to become the primary legal library for the state and includes more than seventy-thousand volumes.
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Justices are appointed to a term that could potentially last for ten years. Once a new justice is chosen, he may serve for two years before being subjected to a
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800:, to serve as the first panel of judges on the Indiana Supreme Court. Johnson became the Court's first chief justice. When Johnson died in 1817, Jennings named
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cases of lower importance. At first the appellate court only took a small portion of the Supreme Court's caseload, but its responsibility gradually increased.
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on May 5, 1817. Under the state constitution of 1816, the governor appointed justices with the state senate's "advice and consent" for a term of seven years.
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The Court has heard several cases that have had a major impact on Indiana as well as others that have set nationwide precedents. The first of these cases,
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complaints of judicial misconduct and files charges where appropriate. Both commissions have the same members and are chaired by the chief justice.
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were punishable under American laws. This decision lead to the first execution of a white man for crimes against natives. In the
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established that the Court could invalidate a governor's veto if proper veto procedures were not followed, in effect ruling the
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In 1970, state constitutional amendments reorganized the Court. The constitution renamed the Appellate Court the
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with the rest of the state's government. Initially the Court shared space on the second floor of the
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1298:"IC 33-38-13-8 (2023 Code : Title 33 : Article 38 : Chapter 13 : Section 8)"
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that served for many years as a foundational text on the interpretation of state laws.
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In 2008, the Court consisted of one chief justice and four associate justices, the
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In December 1816, the Indiana Supreme Court succeeded the General Court of the
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it shared with the Indiana legislature, the Court held its first session in
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case (1854), Indiana became the first state to establish the right for a
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as unconstitutional. In 1917, the state was among the first to adopt an
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decline to accept the case and uphold the decision of the lower courts.
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1180:"Ind. Admission and Discipline Rule 23, Indiana Rules of Court 2009"
1166:"Ind. Admission and Discipline Rule 12, Indiana Rules of Court 2009"
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Shepard, Randall T. "Slave Cases and the Indiana Supreme Court."
2018:
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In the early history of the state, the court relied heavily on
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to obtain court records free of charge. The 1909 case of
923:, a case heard in 1921, the Court overturned Indiana's
772:, Indiana's first governor, nominated John Johnson of
1514:
David J. Bodenhamer & Randall T. Shepard (2006).
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David J. Bodenhamer & Randall T. Shepard (2006).
318:, the Court's chambers are in the north wing of the
310:, is the highest judicial authority in the state of
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1692:Indiana Supreme Court Legal History Lecture Series
1662:. Indianapolis: Indiana Chamber of Commerce. 2005.
1633:Gugin, Linda C.; James E. St. Clair, eds. (2010).
1579:. Vol. VI. St. Louis: G.I. Jones and Company.
1547:. Indiana Center for Bioethics. Archived from
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1719:
927:laws, the first of their kind in the nation.
440:List of justices of the Indiana Supreme Court
8:
1123:
1121:
1018:Article 7, Section 10, Indiana Constitution.
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1407:"Indiana Supreme Court Justice Biographies"
1194:"Commission for Continuing Legal Education"
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1127:Article 7, Section 4, Indiana Constitution.
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2015:
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1542:"Williams v. Smith, 131 NE 2 (Ind.), 1921"
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1265:"Division of Supreme Court Administration"
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27:Highest court in the U.S. state of Indiana
2453:State supreme courts of the United States
1669:Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History.
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1095:
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2468:Courts and tribunals established in 1816
1664:(A new edition is published biennially.)
1495:"Time Passage of Bill Overriding a Veto"
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812:In 1824, the Supreme Court relocated to
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199:Justice exists where the law is supreme
1604:
1520:. Ohio University Press. p. 131.
1464:. Ohio University Press. p. 126.
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849:(November 6, 1786 – December 31, 1859)
36:
1635:Justices of the Indiana Supreme Court
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733:Term ends Dec. 31 of the year listed.
7:
1818:Superintendent of Public Instruction
1219:"Judicial Qualifications Commission"
749:First Supreme Court chambers in the
350:, host of the Indiana Supreme Court.
51:Seal of the Supreme Court of Indiana
2064:Supreme Court of the United States
306:, established by Article 7 of the
230:Supreme Court of the United States
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821:floor of the Indiana Statehouse.
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1287:Article 7, Indiana Constitution.
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2431:(federal and state, all levels)
1660:Here is Your Indiana Government
1622:A Sketchbook of Indiana History
2463:1816 establishments in Indiana
1896:Judicial Nominating Commission
406:Judicial Nominating Commission
1:
1366:Gugin and St. Clair, p. xiii.
915:, established in the case of
339:Organization and jurisdiction
2392:United States Virgin Islands
751:First State Capitol Building
701:
650:
643:1972 (age 51–52)
609:
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2429:Courts of the United States
1671:Summer 2003. p. 34–41.
1599:American Historical Society
1341:Indiana Historical Bureau.
1101:"Supreme Court Law Library"
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1639:Indiana Historical Society
1077:"Supreme Court Clerkships"
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29:
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1620:Funk, Arville L. (1983).
196:Supremum Jus Lege Suprema
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2382:Northern Mariana Islands
1922:Environmental Management
1855:House of Representatives
1611:: CS1 maint: location (
1575:Alexander, D.S. (1881).
1345:. IN.gov. Archived from
1303:Indiana General Assembly
1239:. IN.gov. Archived from
1143:. IN.gov. Archived from
1103:. IN.gov. Archived from
981:Indiana Court of Appeals
859:Indiana Court of Appeals
373:Indiana Court of Appeals
360:Indiana General Assembly
262:Chief Justice of Indiana
30:Not to be confused with
18:Supreme Court of Indiana
2046:Highest judicial bodies
1628:: Christian Book Press.
1577:The Southern Law Review
1040:"Today's Supreme Court"
986:Constitution of Indiana
172:39.768639°N 86.162611°W
79:39.768639°N 86.162611°W
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358:minimum. However, the
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1682:Indiana Supreme Court
1590:Indiana and Indianans
1585:Dunn, Jacob Piatt Jr.
1343:"History and Origins"
991:Government of Indiana
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834:Indiana State Library
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585:Geoffrey G. Slaughter
462:Mandatory retirement
368:original jurisdiction
348:Indiana State Capitol
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304:Indiana Supreme Court
177:39.768639; -86.162611
84:39.768639; -86.162611
40:Indiana Supreme Court
2458:Indiana state courts
2372:District of Columbia
2075:State supreme courts
2048:in the United States
1860:Speaker of the House
308:Indiana Constitution
218:Indiana Constitution
1963:Township government
1793:Lieutenant Governor
1237:"Arms of the Court"
1141:"Appellate Process"
905:Woessner v. Bullick
897:Falkenburg v. Jones
885:Fall Creek Massacre
807:Blackford's Reports
759:three-room building
636:Christopher M. Goff
396:Terms and elections
244:Number of positions
168: /
75: /
2413:Philippine Islands
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1808:Secretary of State
1755:Indiana Statehouse
1697:2008-06-21 at the
1687:Indiana Courts.gov
1626:Rochester, Indiana
917:Callendar v. State
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826:English common law
768:In December 1816,
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414:retention election
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320:Indiana Statehouse
285:Lead position ends
208:Retention election
204:Composition method
135:Indiana Statehouse
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2408:Panama Canal Zone
2012:
2011:
1958:County government
1932:Natural Resources
1439:Dunn, p. 346–348.
1182:. 3 January 2022.
1168:. 3 January 2022.
996:Courts of Indiana
921:Williams v. Smith
913:Exclusionary rule
880:Lasselle v. State
780:; James Scott of
770:Jonathan Jennings
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698:September 1, 2022
691:February 16, 1982
366:The Court has no
332:Lasselle v. State
327:Indiana Territory
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236:Judge term length
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1381:
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1375:Dunn, p. 336.
1372:
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604:
601:(age 61)
591:
586:
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569:Mitch Daniels
567:
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561:
553:April 2, 2012
551:
548:(age 63)
546:March 6, 1961
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533:
527:
526:
523:
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517:
516:Mitch Daniels
514:
511:
508:
506:2014–present
505:
500:
497:(age 66)
487:
485:
484:Chief Justice
478:
472:
471:
467:
465:Appointed by
464:
461:
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433:
431:
429:
421:Qualification
420:
418:
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407:
404:. First, the
403:
402:Missouri Plan
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2147:
2062:
1994:Indiana Code
1989:Constitution
1937:State Police
1875:
1760:Indianapolis
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1634:
1621:
1589:
1576:
1569:Bibliography
1556:. Retrieved
1549:the original
1536:
1516:
1509:
1498:. Retrieved
1489:
1480:
1460:
1453:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1415:. Retrieved
1411:the original
1401:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1351:. Retrieved
1347:the original
1318:
1307:. Retrieved
1301:
1292:
1269:. Retrieved
1245:. Retrieved
1241:the original
1231:
1223:the original
1213:
1202:. Retrieved
1198:the original
1188:
1174:
1160:
1149:. Retrieved
1145:the original
1109:. Retrieved
1105:the original
1081:. Retrieved
1071:
1044:. Retrieved
920:
916:
904:
896:
888:
878:
876:
856:
852:
830:
823:
814:Indianapolis
811:
806:
790:Jesse Holman
786:Clark County
767:
755:
729:
714:Eric Holcomb
663:Eric Holcomb
495:May 11, 1958
483:
477:Loretta Rush
424:
411:
399:
390:
386:
382:
378:
365:
353:
330:
324:
316:Indianapolis
303:
301:
271:Loretta Rush
195:
163:86°09′45.4″W
160:39°46′07.1″N
139:Indianapolis
103:Jurisdiction
70:86°09′45.4″W
67:39°46′07.1″N
2387:Puerto Rico
2358:Territorial
2198:Mississippi
2113:Connecticut
1999:Indiana Day
1905:Departments
1838:Legislature
1517:Indiana Law
1461:Indiana Law
1322:ICC, p. 24.
1066:ICC, p. 23.
909:pocket-veto
782:Charlestown
778:Knox County
468:Law school
175: /
150:Coordinates
95:Established
82: /
2447:Categories
2333:Washington
2233:New Mexico
2228:New Jersey
2103:California
1740:Government
1593:. 5 vols.
1558:2008-10-08
1500:2008-07-01
1417:2009-07-24
1353:2008-06-02
1309:2023-07-11
1271:2008-08-08
1247:2008-08-08
1204:2009-07-24
1151:2008-08-05
1111:2008-08-08
1083:2008-06-09
1046:2008-08-05
1002:References
959:Law portal
687:1982-02-16
622:Mike Pence
595:1962-11-01
542:1961-03-06
532:Mark Massa
491:1958-05-11
459:Term ends
438:See also:
225:Appeals to
2343:Wisconsin
2298:Tennessee
2257:Oklahoma
2193:Minnesota
2168:Louisiana
1917:Education
1886:Tax Court
1869:Judiciary
1813:Treasurer
1774:Executive
1607:cite book
901:defendant
774:Vincennes
267:Currently
2401:Obsolete
2328:Virginia
2311:criminal
2266:criminal
2238:New York
2213:Nebraska
2203:Missouri
2188:Michigan
2178:Maryland
2163:Kentucky
2143:Illinois
2118:Delaware
2108:Colorado
2098:Arkansas
2004:Taxation
1781:Governor
1695:Archived
1654:WorldCat
1587:(1919).
1267:. IN.gov
1079:. IN.gov
1042:. IN.gov
931:See also
925:eugenics
719:Indiana
668:Indiana
627:Indiana
447:Justice
239:10 years
131:Location
2348:Wyoming
2323:Vermont
2208:Montana
2148:Indiana
2128:Georgia
2123:Florida
2093:Arizona
2083:Alabama
1803:Auditor
1764:capital
1744:Indiana
1641:Press.
1595:Chicago
763:Corydon
741:History
522:Indiana
453:Joined
312:Indiana
252:Website
143:Indiana
114:Indiana
2302:Texas
2273:Oregon
2218:Nevada
2158:Kansas
2133:Hawaii
2088:Alaska
1927:Health
1850:Senate
1645:
1524:
1468:
794:Aurora
788:; and
428:felony
2306:civil
2261:civil
2173:Maine
2138:Idaho
1552:(PDF)
1545:(PDF)
710:2057
707:2024
659:2047
656:2030
618:2036
615:2028
575:IUPUI
565:2041
562:2024
512:2038
509:2024
450:Born
277:Since
192:Latin
188:Motto
2377:Guam
2318:Utah
2253:Ohio
2153:Iowa
1786:list
1643:ISBN
1613:link
1522:ISBN
1466:ISBN
716:(R)
665:(R)
624:(R)
571:(R)
518:(R)
302:The
98:1816
1982:Law
1742:of
796:in
792:of
784:in
776:in
2449::
1624:.
1609:}}
1605:{{
1597::
1327:^
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1009:^
689:)
597:)
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194::
141:,
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1114:.
1086:.
1049:.
703:–
685:(
652:–
611:–
593:(
558:–
540:(
489:(
247:5
34:.
20:)
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