559:
Administrative Judge if a judge) is responsible for supervising all courts and agencies, while inside New York City an
Administrator (or Administrative Judge) supervises each major court. Administrators are assisted by Supervising Judges who are responsible in the on-site management of the trial courts, including court caseloads, personnel, and budget administration, and each manage a particular type of court within a county or judicial district. The Administrator is also assisted by the District Executive and support staff. The district administrative offices are responsible for personnel, purchasing, budgets, revenue, computer automation, court interpreters, court security, and case management. Opinions of the New York trial courts are published selectively in the
401:
243:
56:
676:: a justice's term ends, even if his or her 14-year term has not yet expired, at the end of the calendar year in which the justice reaches the age of 70. However, an elected Supreme Court Justice may apply for a "certification" from the Office of Court Administration (OCA) to continue in office, without having to be re-elected, for three two-year periods, until final retirement at the end of the year in which the Justice turns 76. A judge applying for certification to continue to serve must pass
551:
591:
cases annually; the population-based formula in the state
Constitution does not account for the millions of non-resident workers and visitors in the city, nor the 315,000 business associations that operate in the city. Elected New York Supreme Court justices can be moved or temporarily reassigned anywhere in the state, although typically such moves or reassignments are within the judge's judicial district.
835:
360:, Myriam Altman, Herman Cahn, and Beatrice Shainswit. Among other long serving Commercial Division Justices, these judges served at least a decade: Justice Cahn continued on as a Commercial Division judge in Manhattan from 1995 until 2008, Justice Charles Ramos served as a Commercial Division judge in Manhattan from 1996-2018, Justice
558:
The court system is divided into thirteen judicial districts: seven upstate districts each comprising between five and eleven counties, five districts corresponding to the boroughs of New York City, and one district on Long Island. In each judicial district outside New York City, an
Administrator (or
380:
has served in the Nassau County
Commercial Division since 2009 (as of May 2024), and Justice Thomas A. Stander served in the Monroe County Commercial Division from its inception for ten years. One constant throughout the Commercial Division history has been the involvement of New York attorney Robert
585:
The number of justices of the
Supreme Court in each New York Supreme Court judicial district (including justices assigned to the Appellate Division) is set forth by the New York State Constitution. Once a decade, the state Legislature may increase the number of justices in any judicial district, but
339:
established a trial level
Commercial Division, beginning in New York County (Manhattan) and Monroe County (the 7th Judicial District). The Commercial Division has expanded to the 8th District (located in Buffalo), and the Albany, Bronx, Kings, Nassau, Onondaga, Queens, Suffolk and Westchester County
256:
Under the New York State
Constitution, the New York State Supreme Court has unlimited jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases, with the exception of certain monetary claims against the State of New York itself. In practice, the Supreme Court hears civil actions involving claims above a certain
590:
has a cap of 171 justices (and only some of the New York
Supreme Court justices in New York City serve in trial parts, with others assigned to the Appellate Division or the Appellate Term). As a result, New York City has too few judges to handle New York City's caseload, which is more than 100,000
427:
The
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court in each judicial department is authorized to establish "appellate terms". An appellate term is an intermediate appellate court that hears appeals from the inferior courts within their designated counties or judicial districts, and are intended to ease the
299:
At
English Common Law, the lord chancellor, not as a part of his equitable jurisdiction, but as the king's delegate to exercise the Crown's special jurisdiction, had responsibility for the custody and protection of infants and the mentally incapacitated. Upon the organization of the Supreme Court
644:
Supreme Court justices are elected to 14-year terms. Justices are nominated by judicial district nominating conventions, with judicial delegates themselves elected from assembly districts. Some (political party) county committees play a significant role in their judicial district conventions, for
533:
The Criminal Term of the Supreme Court, New York County is divided into 2 Trial Assignment parts, 10 conference and trial parts, 1 youth part, 1 narcotics/felony waiver part, 1 integrated domestic violence part, and 16 trial parts which include 1 Judicial Diversion part, 1 Mental Health part, 1
649:
each other's candidates, while at other times they do not and incumbent judges must actively campaign for re-election. Judicial conventions have been criticized as opaque, brief and dominated by county party leaders. In practice, most of the power of selecting justices belongs to local
219:. Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of
521:
with the approval of presiding justice of the appropriate appellate division. The court sits in three-judge panels, with two justices constituting a quorum and being necessary for a decision. Decisions by the Appellate Term must be followed by courts whose appeals lie to it.
352:
required to have a case heard in the Commercial Division varies among these Commercial Division courts, ranging from $ 50,000 in Albany and Onondaga Counties to $ 500,000 in New York County, but the Commercial Division rules (Section 202.70) are otherwise uniform.
2484:
381:
L. Haig, who, among other things, co-chaired the 1995 Commercial Courts Task Force, facilitated the 2006 Commercial Division Focus Group study, and has chaired the Commercial Division Advisory Council since 2013 (through at least May 2024).
630:), in which County and Family Court judges have been designated as acting Supreme Court justices, serving part-time on that court. However, this practice also strains the resources of the courts that "lend" justices to the Supreme Court.
418:
Decisions of the Appellate Division department panels are binding on the lower courts in that department, and also on lower courts in other departments unless there is contrary authority from the Appellate Division of that department.
1376:
83:
79:
75:
680:, but OCA is not required to grant certification even if judges are capable. In 2020, for example, OCA denied certification to 46 of the 49 judges who applied for it, citing budget cuts and a hiring freeze.
983:
586:
Article VI of the state Constitution sets a population-based cap on the number of justices in each district, based on census data. As a result of the population-based cap, some areas have overloaded courts.
257:
monetary amount (for example, $ 50,000 in New York City) that puts the claim beyond the jurisdiction of lower courts. Civil actions about lesser sums are heard by courts of limited jurisdiction, such as the
196:. It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in
850:
on May 6, 1691. That court was continued by the State of New York after independence was declared in 1776. It became the New York Supreme Court under the New York Constitutional Convention of 1846.
610:) as "acting" Supreme Court justices to serve on the New York Supreme Court in New York City. A similar practice is done in the 9th Judicial District (which covers the New York suburban counties of
2538:
276:
The Supreme Court also hears civil cases involving claims for equitable relief, such as injunctions, specific performance, or rescission of a contract, as well as actions for a
1964:
2040:
292:. The court also has exclusive jurisdiction over "Article 78 proceedings" against a body or officer seeking to overturn an official determination on the grounds that it was
683:
These additional six years of service are available only for elected Supreme Court Justices, not for "Acting" Justices whose election or appointments were to lower courts.
167:
1658:
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660:
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658:(Brooklyn Democratic Party), which control the delegates. The process was challenged in litigation which ultimately resulted in a U.S. Supreme Court decision in
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227:
71:
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846:
The New York Supreme Court is the oldest Supreme Court with general original jurisdiction. It was established as the Supreme Court of Judicature by the
335:
In 1993, Administrative Judge Stanley S. Ostrau established pilot Commercial Parts in the New York County Supreme Court. Two years later, Chief Judge
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518:
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293:
160:
1980:
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and the Criminal Term of Bronx County Supreme Court—into a single trial court of criminal jurisdiction known as the Bronx Criminal Division.
1564:
2331:
2198:
686:
A referendum to increase the retirement age to 80 for Supreme Court and Court of Appeals judges was defeated by New York voters in 2013.
2224:
2429:
2009:
1751:
1830:
1141:
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1228:
1112:
1056:
153:
959:
2027:
645:
example restricting nomination to those candidates that receive approval from a party screening committee. Sometimes, the parties
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1500:
1170:
408:
Appeals from Supreme Court decisions, as well as from the Surrogate's Court, Family Court, and Court of Claims, are heard by the
1614:
2518:
1647:
594:
To address the imbalance, the New York court system designates other courts' judges (such as those sitting on the lower-level
474:, and generally sits at 141 Livingston Street in Brooklyn. The Appellate Term for the 9th and 10th Judicial Districts covers
2384:
2029:
Judicial Selection Methods in the State of New York: A Guide to Understanding and Getting Involved in the Selection Process
1875:
2533:
2036:
2023:
639:
136:
45:
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1002:
854:
599:
483:
462:. The 2nd Department has two Appellate Terms. The Appellate Term for the 2nd, 11th and 13th Judicial Districts covers
440:
400:
316:
231:
220:
112:
2000:
1462:
1285:
777:
646:
1501:"Report of the Office of Court Administration to the Chief Judge on the Commercial Division Focus Groups (July 2006)"
372:
presided in the Onondaga County (Syracuse) Commercial Division from its inception in 2007 for over 15 years, Justice
1607:"New York State Constitution, Article IV, Section 8: Appellate terms of supreme court; composition and jurisdiction"
1425:"New York State Unified Court System, Commercial Division - Nassau County, Biography of Justice Timothy S. Driscoll"
1377:"Former Manhattan Commercial Division Justice Eileen Bransten, Known for Cutting Through Complex Issues, Dies at 79"
1199:
561:
2452:
2077:
603:
246:
2260:
1518:
1359:"State of New York Unified Court System, Press Release, New Administrative Judge Named to Fifth Judicial District"
300:
in New York the Legislature transferred so much of the law as formed a part of the king's prerogative to it. The
2115:
1908:
595:
495:
487:
436:
361:
258:
212:
108:
65:
31:
1249:
Felsenthal, Edward. "It's All Business For Novel Court Now in Session, Wall Street Journal (January 15, 1993)".
673:
664:(2008), in which the justices unanimously upheld the constitutionality of New York's judicial election system.
607:
479:
324:
242:
131:
102:
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623:
619:
615:
611:
511:
499:
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320:
270:
266:
117:
503:
368:
served in the Brooklyn, Kings County Commercial Division from its inception in 2002 through 2016, Justice
281:
97:
881:
702:
448:
415:
There is one Appellate Division, which for administrative purposes comprises four judicial departments.
357:
349:
312:
262:
197:
193:
141:
55:
2165:'Frankly shocking' - Association of Supreme Court Justices slams OCA decision to cut judges and staff
1714:
1685:
847:
369:
315:
elsewhere. Misdemeanor cases, and arraignments in almost all cases, are handled by lower courts: the
277:
208:
189:
356:
The first specialist commercial judges assigned to the pilot Commercial Parts in 1993 were Justices
2082:
1424:
914:
787:
752:
717:
712:
412:. This court is intermediate between the New York Supreme Court and the New York Court of Appeals.
377:
365:
2215:
517:
Appellate terms consist of between three and five justices of the Supreme Court, appointed by the
1772:
1548:
807:
732:
727:
432:
2479:
1261:"New York Supreme Court Justice Herman Cahn Joins Milberg LLP | FinancialContent Business Page"
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1554:
1062:
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1042:
951:
747:
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550:
507:
1358:
1309:
853:
In November 2004, the court system merged the operations of two separate criminal courts—the
2503:
2142:
817:
767:
428:
workload on the Appellate Division and provide a less expensive forum closer to the people.
1743:
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1400:
1822:
1133:
921:
772:
651:
373:
341:
1284:
Webb, Patterson Belknap; Farinacci, Tyler LLP-Michael; Faridi, Muhammad U. (2019-01-10).
1221:"PART 202. Uniform Civil Rules For The Supreme Court And The County Court | NYCOURTS.GOV"
1220:
1104:
1080:
17:
2405:
938:
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1486:
822:
802:
797:
737:
431:
Appellate terms are located in the 1st and 2nd Judicial Departments only, representing
2110:
1162:
2512:
1851:
1648:"A court system for the future: the promise of court restructuring in New York State"
1606:
842:
Criminal Courts Building houses justices and courtrooms of the New York Supreme Court
782:
762:
742:
587:
471:
311:
cases in the five counties of New York City, whereas they are primarily heard by the
204:
1487:"New York State Unified Court System, Commercial Division NY Supreme Court, History"
1401:"Hon. Eileen Bransten, Biography, New York State Supreme Court Commercial Division"
812:
792:
757:
345:
250:
1965:
Resources: The Constitutional Limit on the Number of Justices in the Supreme Court
2493:
2349:
1867:
336:
216:
185:
2433:
1048:
722:
284:
of matrimonial actions, such as either contested or uncontested actions for a
2232:
2499:
2380:
955:
502:
Counties; it generally rotates between the Westchester County Courthouse in
459:
455:
289:
2415:
307:
With respect to criminal cases, the Criminal Branch of Supreme Court tries
834:
1191:
463:
364:
served in the Suffolk County Commercial Division from 2002-2023, Justice
2448:
1286:"A Fond Farewell to Two of the Commercial Division's Most Senior Judges"
1854:§ 140. "The state is hereby divided into thirteen judicial districts, "
514:. They occasionally sit at other locations within their jurisdiction.
376:
served in the Manhattan Commercial Division from 2008 to 2018, Justice
285:
1900:
1519:"Press Release, New York State Unified Court System (March 26, 2013)"
839:
467:
308:
2182:
Hochul Vetoes Measure Aimed at Easing Certification of Older Judges
1333:
348:
focusing on business and commercial litigation. The jurisdictional
2372:
2327:
833:
549:
542:
In New York City, all major civil cases are heard in civil terms.
399:
241:
1066:
1134:"Commercial Division - NY Supreme Court - 7th Judicial District"
530:
In New York City, all felony cases are heard in criminal terms.
2449:"The Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York"
1105:"Commercial Division - NY Supreme Court - New York County Home"
1547:
Birnbaum, Edward L.; Belen, Ariel E.; Grasso, Carl T. (2012).
2262:
Report on the Merger of the Bronx Supreme and Criminal Courts
1357:
Zayas, Chief Administrative Judge Joseph A. (June 29, 2023).
1686:"New York's Appellate Terms: A Manual for Practitioners"
1016:"Sporza v. German Savings Bank, 84 N.E. 406, 192 N.Y. 8"
672:
Under state law, New York Supreme Court justices have a
454:
The 1st Department has a single Appellate Term covering
1981:
Local district Supreme Court imbalance concerns lawyers
304:
are responsible for oversight of the related programs.
2199:
Plan to Raise Judges' Retirement Age to 80 Is Rejected
1744:"Appellate Division - Second Judicial Department FAQs"
2217:
The Bronx Criminal Division: Merger After Five Years
1591:, 102 A.D.2d 663, 476 N.Y.S.2d 918 (2d Dept. 1984).
1537:, 102 A.D.2d 663, 476 N.Y.S.2d 918 (2d Dept. 1984).
447:. (City Courts in other departments appeal to the
1517:Hon. A. Gail Prudenti Chief Administrative Judge.
573:A judge of the New York Supreme Court is titled a
443:, City Courts in the 1st and 2nd Departments, and
226:A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the
2026:Council on Judicial Administration (March 2014).
1823:"Supreme Court, Criminal Branch, New York County"
1553:(6th ed.). James Publishing. pp. 1–23.
273:(town and village courts) outside New York City.
30:For the highest appellate court in New York, see
1334:"Carolyn Demarest, JAMS Mediator and Arbitrator"
940:The New York State Courts: An Introductory Guide
2539:1691 establishments in the Province of New York
1192:"Commercial Division - NY Supreme Court - Home"
1163:"Supreme Court - Commercial Division - History"
933:
931:
2270:Association of the Bar of the City of New York
2111:"In Brooklyn, fixing a 'corrupt' court system"
1800:28 NY Jur 2d, Courts and Judges § 220, at 274
883:State of New York Judiciary Budget: FY 2014-15
506:, the Nassau County Supreme Court Building in
1905:New York State Office of Court Administration
1872:New York State Office of Court Administration
1827:New York State Office of Court Administration
948:New York State Office of Court Administration
661:N.Y. State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres
161:
8:
2496:from the New York State Law Reporting Bureau
2302:Galie, Peter J.; Bopst, Christopher (2012).
2348:Gibson, Ellen M.; Manz, William H. (2004).
925:, 307 N.Y. 376, 384, 121 N.E.2d 375 (1954).
207:where the Supreme Court is not the state's
1995:
1993:
1941:
1929:
1812:, 188 Misc.2d 489, 729 N.Y.S.2d 286 (2001)
1634:
1587:, 66 N.Y.2d 473, 497 N.Y.S.2d 890 (1985);
984:"N.Y. New York City Civil Court Law § 202"
410:New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
396:New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
168:
154:
36:
27:Trial-level court in the state of New York
2076:Williams, Milton L. (19 September 2012).
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1085:Historical Society of the New York Courts
2544:Courts and tribunals established in 1691
2357:(3rd ed.). Wm. S. Hein Publishing.
2159:
2157:
2155:
1975:
1973:
1895:
1893:
1862:
1860:
876:
874:
872:
870:
696:Category:New York Supreme Court Justices
656:Kings County Democratic County Committee
302:Appellate Divisions of the Supreme Court
249:at 60 Centre Street, viewed from across
2143:Justices Uphold New York's Judge System
2063:
866:
340:Supreme Courts. These are specialized
44:
2407:The Constitutional History of New York
2351:Gibson's New York Legal Research Guide
2123:from the original on 24 September 2015
2090:from the original on 27 September 2015
2078:"A better way to pick New York judges"
1463:"Lifetime Achievement: Robert L. Haig"
534:Veteran's Court part, and 1 JHO part.
294:arbitrary, capricious and unreasonable
182:Supreme Court of the State of New York
2489:New York Codes, Rules and Regulations
1911:from the original on 3 September 2014
1680:
1678:
1601:
1599:
1597:
7:
1833:from the original on 4 December 2014
2480:Supreme Court outside New York City
2410:. Lawyers Co-operative Publishing.
2225:New York State Unified Court System
2109:Marks, Alexandra (12 August 2003).
1655:New York State Unified Court System
1589:Mountain View Coach Lines v. Storms
1535:Mountain View Coach Lines v. Storms
510:, and the Cohalan Court Complex in
327:; city courts; and justice courts.
2430:New York State Department of State
2010:New York State Department of State
581:Number of justices and assignments
203:New York is the only state in the
25:
2500:New York Official Reports Service
1810:Yellow Book of NY L.P. v. Dimilia
1657:. February 2007. p. 18, 27.
1585:Duffy v. Horton Memorial Hospital
1022:from the original on May 11, 2021
1878:from the original on 6 July 2014
54:
2524:New York Supreme Court Justices
2455:from the original on 2021-04-11
2390:from the original on 2019-08-02
2334:from the original on 2023-04-01
2305:The New York State Constitution
2279:from the original on 2016-03-03
2242:from the original on 2016-03-03
2046:from the original on 2021-04-22
1783:from the original on 2021-10-25
1754:from the original on 2022-01-29
1725:from the original on 2022-01-29
1715:"Appellate Term | NYCOURTS.GOV"
1696:from the original on 2022-01-29
1664:from the original on 2022-01-26
1617:from the original on 2022-01-29
1567:from the original on 2016-09-27
1375:Grant, Jason (April 28, 2022).
1231:from the original on 2019-03-11
1202:from the original on 2019-03-01
1173:from the original on 2019-02-11
1144:from the original on 2019-02-12
1115:from the original on 2019-02-26
965:from the original on 2019-03-06
896:from the original on 2017-09-18
2475:Supreme Court in New York City
1690:New York State Bar Association
1041:Stonecash, Jeffrey M. (2001).
435:. These hear appeals from the
323:and the five western towns of
1:
2529:New York (state) state courts
2494:New York Slip Opinion Service
2426:"New York State Constitution"
2037:New York City Bar Association
2024:New York City Bar Association
1773:"Appellate Term - Directions"
640:Elections in New York (state)
280:. The Supreme Court also has
2404:Lincoln, Charles Z. (1906).
1265:markets.financialcontent.com
1003:Civil Practice Law and Rules
600:New York City Criminal Court
441:New York City Criminal Court
317:New York City Criminal Court
232:intermediate appellate court
1310:"Hon. Elizabeth H. Emerson"
855:Bronx County Criminal Court
778:Henry Brockholst Livingston
654:organizations, such as the
606:, as well as the statewide
554:New York judicial districts
2560:
693:
637:
604:New York City Family Court
519:Chief Administrative Judge
393:
247:New York County Courthouse
29:
2116:Christian Science Monitor
2002:Local Government Handbook
1967:, Fund for Modern Courts.
1314:Mediation Solutions of NY
596:New York City Civil Court
437:New York City Civil Court
362:Elizabeth Hazlitt Emerson
259:New York City Civil Court
213:New York Court of Appeals
32:New York Court of Appeals
18:Supreme Court of New York
1439:"Hon. Thomas A. Stander"
1044:Governing New York State
674:mandatory retirement age
668:Mandatory retirement age
608:New York Court of Claims
319:; the District Court in
2310:Oxford University Press
2197:James C. McKinley Jr.,
1901:"9th Judicial District"
1550:New York Trial Notebook
331:The Commercial Division
2519:New York Supreme Court
2012:. 2018. p. 25-26.
1942:Gibson & Manz 2004
1930:Gibson & Manz 2004
1868:"Court Administration"
1635:Galie & Bopst 2012
950:. 2016. pp. 1–3.
843:
555:
405:
282:exclusive jurisdiction
253:
230:serves as the highest
221:New York's 62 counties
1987:(September 22, 2022).
1018:. CourtListener.com.
837:
703:George Pierce Andrews
562:Miscellaneous Reports
553:
403:
350:amount in controversy
245:
194:judiciary of New York
2534:New York (state) law
2186:New York Law Journal
1467:New York Law Journal
1381:New York Law Journal
848:Province of New York
296:or contrary to law.
278:declaratory judgment
211:(which would be the
209:court of last resort
190:general jurisdiction
48:Unified Court System
2205:(November 6, 2013).
2171:(October 10, 2020).
2149:(January 17, 2008).
2083:New York Daily News
1985:Times Herald-Record
915:Schneider v. Aulisi
788:Jeremiah T. Mahoney
718:Benjamin N. Cardozo
713:Richard J. Bartlett
634:Elections and terms
378:Timothy S. Driscoll
366:Carolyn E. Demarest
40:Part of a series on
2188:(January 3, 2023).
2141:Linda Greenhouse,
2039:. pp. 23–27.
920:2021-08-17 at the
844:
808:Daniel D. Tompkins
728:Richard J. Daronco
556:
433:Downstate New York
406:
390:Appellate Division
269:, city courts, or
254:
228:Appellate Division
72:Appellate Division
2319:978-0-19-986056-2
2066:, pp. 16–18.
1560:978-1-58012-104-0
748:Jasper W. Gilbert
708:George G. Barnard
404:Second Department
370:Deborah Karalunas
344:, with a defined
186:trial-level court
178:
177:
137:Surrogate's Court
16:(Redirected from
2551:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2432:. Archived from
2419:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2389:
2356:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2308:(2nd ed.).
2288:
2287:
2285:
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2278:
2267:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2241:
2227:. October 2009.
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2020:
2014:
2013:
2008:(7th ed.).
2007:
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1719:ww2.nycourts.gov
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1138:www.nycourts.gov
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1109:www.nycourts.gov
1101:
1095:
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1091:
1081:"Stanley Ostrau"
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1047:(4th ed.).
1038:
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768:Samuel Leibowitz
690:Notable justices
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37:
21:
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2017:
2005:
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1991:
1979:Heather Yakin,
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1963:
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1103:
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1074:
1059:
1051:. p. 172.
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423:Appellate terms
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342:business courts
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132:Court of Claims
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2015:
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1934:
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1750:. Q2 and Q41.
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820:
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394:Main article:
391:
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337:Judith S. Kaye
332:
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325:Suffolk County
271:justice courts
267:District Court
239:
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215:) but it is a
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2436:on 2016-02-07
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19:
2457:. Retrieved
2438:. Retrieved
2434:the original
2406:
2392:. Retrieved
2350:
2336:. Retrieved
2304:
2281:. Retrieved
2261:
2255:
2244:. Retrieved
2216:
2210:
2202:
2193:
2185:
2176:
2169:Queens Eagle
2168:
2146:
2137:
2125:. Retrieved
2114:
2104:
2092:. Retrieved
2081:
2071:
2064:NYC Bar 2014
2059:
2048:. Retrieved
2028:
2018:
2001:
1984:
1937:
1925:
1913:. Retrieved
1880:. Retrieved
1847:
1835:. Retrieved
1817:
1809:
1805:
1796:
1785:. Retrieved
1777:nycourts.gov
1776:
1767:
1756:. Retrieved
1748:nycourts.gov
1747:
1738:
1727:. Retrieved
1718:
1709:
1698:. Retrieved
1689:
1666:. Retrieved
1654:
1642:
1630:
1619:. Retrieved
1610:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1569:. Retrieved
1549:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1512:
1495:
1481:
1470:. Retrieved
1466:
1457:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:
1433:
1419:
1408:. Retrieved
1404:
1395:
1384:. Retrieved
1380:
1370:
1352:
1341:. Retrieved
1337:
1328:
1317:. Retrieved
1313:
1304:
1293:. Retrieved
1289:
1279:
1268:. Retrieved
1264:
1255:
1244:
1233:. Retrieved
1224:
1215:
1204:. Retrieved
1195:
1186:
1175:. Retrieved
1166:
1157:
1146:. Retrieved
1137:
1128:
1117:. Retrieved
1108:
1099:
1088:. Retrieved
1084:
1075:
1043:
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1010:
998:
987:. Retrieved
978:
967:. Retrieved
939:
913:
909:
898:. Retrieved
882:
852:
845:
813:Sol Wachtler
793:Juan Merchan
758:Barry Kramer
685:
682:
671:
659:
643:
593:
584:
574:
572:
560:
557:
541:
532:
529:
516:
504:White Plains
453:
430:
426:
417:
414:
407:
355:
346:jurisdiction
334:
313:County Court
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298:
275:
263:County Court
255:
251:Foley Square
238:Jurisdiction
225:
202:
198:County Court
181:
179:
142:Family Court
127:Specialized
126:
98:County Court
89:
2180:Brian Lee,
1915:1 September
1882:1 September
1837:28 November
1405:www.pli.edu
620:Westchester
538:Civil terms
484:Westchester
217:trial court
92:(1st level)
2513:Categories
2459:2012-09-01
2440:2012-09-01
2394:2014-11-24
2373:2004042477
2338:2016-03-06
2328:2011051555
2283:2014-11-27
2246:2014-11-27
2050:2015-08-04
1787:2022-01-29
1758:2022-01-29
1729:2022-01-29
1700:2022-01-28
1668:2022-01-28
1621:2022-01-29
1571:2023-03-23
1472:2024-05-12
1448:2024-05-23
1410:2024-09-03
1386:2024-09-03
1343:2024-05-23
1319:2024-05-23
1295:2024-05-23
1270:2024-05-23
1235:2019-03-02
1206:2019-03-02
1177:2019-03-02
1148:2019-03-02
1119:2019-03-02
1090:2024-05-12
1049:SUNY Press
1005:article 78
989:2023-08-26
969:2019-03-04
900:2014-11-29
861:References
753:James Kent
733:Noah Davis
723:John Carro
694:See also:
638:See also:
451:instead.)
2233:491295164
2127:15 August
1067:00-032955
460:The Bronx
456:Manhattan
385:Structure
290:annulment
261:, or the
68:(highest)
2453:Archived
2385:Archived
2381:54455036
2332:Archived
2274:Archived
2237:Archived
2121:Archived
2094:4 August
2088:Archived
2041:Archived
1909:Archived
1876:Archived
1831:Archived
1781:Archived
1752:Archived
1723:Archived
1694:Archived
1659:Archived
1615:Archived
1565:Archived
1290:Lexology
1229:Archived
1200:Archived
1171:Archived
1142:Archived
1113:Archived
1020:Archived
960:Archived
956:39042187
918:Archived
891:Archived
624:Rockland
616:Dutchess
496:Dutchess
488:Rockland
464:Brooklyn
113:Criminal
2487:in the
2416:1337955
1026:May 10,
830:History
575:justice
508:Mineola
480:Suffolk
286:divorce
192:in the
184:is the
82:, 3rd,
2414:
2379:
2371:
2361:
2326:
2316:
2231:
1557:
1065:
1055:
954:
628:Putnam
612:Orange
602:, and
569:Judges
500:Putnam
498:, and
492:Orange
476:Nassau
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