195:: 16-12-2015 00:15 UTC "The four states are spoken of in Maitrî VII. 11.7: "He who sees with the eye, and he who moves in dreams, He who is deep asleep and is greater " and "These states are: - 1) waking, 2) dream sleep, 3) deep sleep (susupti), i.e. deep, dreamless sleep in which the soul becomes temporarily one with Brahman and enjoys a corresponding unsurpassable bliss, and 4) the 'fourth' state (caturtha, turya, turïya), usually called turîya, in which that disappearance of the manifold universe and the union with Brahman on which the bliss of deep sleep depends takes place not as before unconsciously, but with continued and perfect consciousness." p. 5
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distributed throughout the body during the waking hours are gathered together in the cavity of the heart. The space of this cavity is homologized with cosmic space (see CU 3.12.7-9), and in the dream state the person travels about this space seeing and enjoying the same type of things that he experienced while awake. During deep and dreamless sleep, the self slips out of that cardiac space and enters the veins going from the heart to the peri- cardium; there it remains oblivious to everything (see BU 2.1; 4.3-4)."
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Shiva Sutra of
Vasugupta as translated by: Feuerstein, Georg (2013-09-11). The Yoga Tradition: Its History, Literature, Philosophy and Practice (Kindle Locations 9285-9291). Hohm Press. Kindle Edition. " during the differentiation waking, dream sleep, and deep sleep, emergence of enjoyment of the
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Patrick
Olivelle, The Early Upanishads Annotated, p. 23. "The cavity of the heart is the seat of the vital powers and the self and plays a central role in the explanations of the three states of awareness—waking, dreaming, and dreamless sleep— as well as of death. In sleep, the cognitive powers
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Saraswati, Sri Swami
Sivananda (2013-06-13). Kundalini Yoga (Kindle Location 2724). Kindle Edition."During the states of waking, dreaming and dreamless sleep, the Vijnana Atma which dwells in this body is deluded by
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DIPAK BHATTACHARYA, THE DOCTRINE OF FOUR IN THE EARLY UPANIṢADS AND SOME CONNECTED PROBLEMS in
Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 6, No. 1 (September 1978), pp. 1-34. Published by: Springer. Stable URL:
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Fourth . (1.7) The waking state (jâgrat) knowledge (jnâna). (1.8) Dream sleep (svapna) imagination (vikalpa). (1.9) Deep sleep (saushupta) illusion (mâyâ) nondifferentiation (aviveka). (1.10)"
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when a person is dreaming or is asleep. In this state, he or she cannot perceive the external universe with the senses. This state may contain the
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of memory or imagination. It is typically compared with the states of wakeful consciousness (
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84:and recur commonly in the literature of
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