1426:
620:
517:
1249:
1012:
57:
820:
1108:
873:
1188:
1425:
1048:
741:
619:
513:, he carried neither wagons nor kettles on his expeditions, and he boiled no meat, rather cutting off small strips of horseflesh, game, or beef to eat after roasting it on the coals. Nor did he have a tent, rather spreading out a horse-blanket under him and setting his saddle under his head, and all his retinue did likewise.
2181:
or
Chersonesos. Byzantine sources also report that Kalokyros attempted to persuade Sviatoslav to support Kalokyros in a coup against the reigning Byzantine emperor. As remuneration for his help, Sviatoslav was supposed to retain a permanent hold on Bulgaria. Modern historians, however, assign little
2191:
All figures in this article, including the numbers of
Sviatoslav's troops, are based on the reports of Byzantine sources, which may differ from those of the Slavonic chronicles. Greek sources report Khazars and "Turks" in Sviatoslav's army as well as Pechenegs. As used in such Byzantine writings as
1870:
hypothesizes that Olga hoped to orchestrate a marriage between
Sviatoslav and a Byzantine princess. If her proposal was peremptorily declined (as it most certainly would have been), it is hardly surprising that Sviatoslav would look at the Byzantine Empire and her Christian culture with suspicion.
615:
was among many historians to speculate that
Volodislav was Igor's eldest son and heir who died at some point during Olga's regency. Another chronicle relates that Oleg (? – 977?) was the eldest son of Igor. At the time of Igor's death, Sviatoslav was still a child, and he was raised by his
1375:
and other anti-Semitic organizations, as well as by his involvement in the "letter of 500", a controversial appeal to the
Prosecutor General to review all Jewish organizations in Russia for extremism. The Press Centre of the Belgorod Regional Administration responded by stating that a planned
1422:, near where Sviatoslav is believed to have been killed in 972. The handle is made out of four different metals including gold and silver, and could possibly have belonged to Sviatoslav himself, but this is speculation—the sword could have belonged to any nobleman from that period.
1031:
in the mouth of the Danube due to the great potential of that location as a commercial hub. In the
Primary Chronicle record for 969, Sviatoslav explains that it is to Pereyaslavets, the centre of his lands, "all the riches flow: gold, silks, wine, and various fruits from
756:, were attacked and forced to pay tribute to the Kievan Rus' rather than to the Khazars. According to a legend recorded in the Primary Chronicle, Sviatoslav sent a message to the Vyatich rulers, consisting of a single phrase: "I want to come at you!" (Old East Slavic
849:
and force them into subservience. Therefore, Khazar successor statelets continued their precarious existence in the region. The destruction of Khazar imperial power paved the way for Kievan Rus' to dominate north–south trade routes through the steppe and across the
1821:
For the alternative translations of the same passage of the Greek original that say that
Sviatoslav may have not shaven but wispy beard and not one but two sidelocks on each side of his head, see e.g. Ian Heath "The Vikings (Elite 3)", Osprey Publishing 1985;
1344:, by Samuel Gordon, a fictionalised account of the destruction of Khazaria by the Rus'. The Slavic warrior figures in a more positive context in the story "Chernye Strely Vyaticha" by Vadim Viktorovich Kargalov; the story is included in his book
1100:. Meanwhile, John, having quelled the revolt of Bardas Phokas, came to the Balkans with a large army and promoting himself as the liberator of Bulgaria from Sviatoslav, penetrated the impracticable mountain passes and shortly thereafter captured
1064:
In summer 969, Sviatoslav left Rus' again, dividing his dominion into three parts, each under a nominal rule of one of his sons. At the head of an army that included
Pecheneg and Magyar auxiliary troops, he invaded Bulgaria again, devastating
1722:
Anna
Litvina. Fyodor Uspensky. The choice of the name of the Russian princes in the X-XVI centuries. Dynastic history through the prism of anthroponymy. – Moscow, 2006 .-- 904 p. – 1000 copies. – ISBN 5-85759-339-5. – P.
728:
because the
Khazars collected duties from the goods transported by the Volga. Historians have suggested that the Byzantine Empire may have incited the Rus' against the Khazars, who fell out with the Byzantines after the persecutions of the
2294:. Kurya likely intended this as a compliment to Sviatoslav; sources report that Kurya and his wife drank from the skull and prayed for a son as brave as the deceased Rus' warlord. Christian 344; Pletneva 19; Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor 90.
544:
as a sign of his nobility. He preferred to dress in white, and it was noted that his garments were much cleaner than those of his men, although he had a lot in common with his warriors. He wore a single large gold earring bearing a
1131:
at the mouth of the Dnieper, where they made camp for the winter. Several months later, according to the Primary Chronicle, their camp was devastated by famine, so that even a horse's head could not be bought for less than a
808:. A visitor to Atil wrote soon after Sviatoslav's campaign: "The Rus' attacked, and no grape or raisin remained, not a leaf on a branch." The exact chronology of his Khazar campaign is uncertain and disputed; for example,
497:
named Asmud. The tradition of employing Varangian tutors for the sons of ruling princes survived well into the 11th century. Sviatoslav appears to have had little patience for administration. His life was spent with his
1073:, and massacring its inhabitants. Nikephoros responded by repairing the defenses of Constantinople and raising new squadrons of armored cavalry. In the midst of his preparations, Nikephoros was overthrown and killed by
1271:(1772). The Russian playwright chose to introduce Sviatoslav as his protagonist, although his active participation in the events following Igor's death is out of sync with the traditional chronology. Knyazhnin's rival
803:
as well. At Sarkel he established a Rus' settlement called Belaya Vyezha ("the white tower" or "the white fortress", the East Slavic translation for "Sarkel"). He subsequently destroyed the Khazar capital of
540:. Following Deacon's memories, Sviatoslav was a bright-eyed man of average height but of stalwart build, much more sturdy than Tzimiskes. He had a bald head and a wispy beard and wore a bushy mustache and a
1376:
monument to Sviatoslav had not yet been constructed but would show "respect towards representatives of all nationalities and religions." When the statue was unveiled, the shield bore a twelve-pointed star.
516:
595:) would lose respect for him and mock him if he became a Christian. The allegiance of his warriors was of paramount importance in his conquest of an empire that stretched from the Volga to the Danube.
401:
all of his life. Due to his abrupt death in an ambush, his conquests, for the most part, were not consolidated into a functioning empire, while his failure to establish a stable succession led to a
724:. The sources are not clear about the roots of the conflict between Khazaria and Rus', so several possibilities have been suggested. The Rus' had an interest in removing the Khazar hold on the
1976:
Christian 345. It is disputed whether Sviatoslav invaded the land of Vyatichs that year. The only campaign against the Vyatichs explicitly mentioned in the Primary Chronicle is dated to 966.
949:
2254:
attacked Byzantine possessions in the south of Italy. This remarkable coincidence may be interpreted as an evidence of the anti-Byzantine German-Russian alliance. See: Manteuffel 41.
1080:
John Tzimiskes first attempted to persuade Sviatoslav to leave Bulgaria, but he was unsuccessful. Challenging Byzantine authority, Sviatoslav crossed the Danube and laid siege to
1084:, causing panic in the streets of Constantinople in summer 970. Later that year, the Byzantines launched a counteroffensive. Being occupied with suppressing a revolt brought by
925:, and immediately following the Pecheneg retreat, Olga sent a reproachful letter to Sviatoslav. He promptly returned and defeated the Pechenegs, who continued to threaten Kiev.
2281:
Constantine VII pointed out that, by virtue of their controlling the Dnieper cataracts, the Pechenegs may easily attack and destroy the Rus' vessels sailing along the river.
2173:. If so, a conflict of interests in the Crimea was inevitable. The Suzdal Chronicle, though a rather late source, also mentions Sviatoslav's war against Chersonesos. In the
1368:
3212:
431:
forms. Some scholars see the name of Sviatoslav, composed of the Slavic roots for "holy" and "glory", as an artificial derivation combining the names of his predecessors
884:
in 944. Close military ties between the Rus' and Byzantium are illustrated by the fact, reported by John Skylitzes, that a Rus' detachment accompanied Byzantine Emperor
299:
from 945 until his death in 972. He is known for his persistent campaigns in the east and south, which precipitated the collapse of two great powers in Eastern Europe,
854:, routes that formerly had been a major source of revenue for the Khazars. Moreover, Sviatoslav's campaigns led to increased Slavic settlement in the region of the
2010:
Christian 298. The Primary Chronicle is very succinct about the whole campaign against the Khazars, saying only that Sviatoslav "took their city and Belaya Vezha".
1123:. Cut off and surrounded, Sviatoslav came to terms with John and agreed to abandon the Balkans, renounce his claims to the southern Crimea, and return west of the
942:
3187:
2466:
1411:, which tells the story of his mother, Olga. Sviatoslav appears in various segments, both as a child as an adult. The adult prince Sviatoslav is played by
607:
mentions a certain Predslava, Volodislav's wife, as the noblest of the Rus' women after Olga. The fact that Predslava was Oleg's mother is presented by
935:
1988:
The chronicler may have wished to contrast Sviatoslav's open declaration of war to stealthy tactics employed by many other early medieval conquerors.
2290:
The use of a defeated enemy's skull as a drinking vessel is reported by numerous authors through history among various steppe peoples, such as the
2263:
Grekov 445–446. The Byzantine sources report the enemy casualties to be as high as 20,000, a figure modern historians find to be highly improbable.
3217:
717:
1241:, which provided obvious parallels with Sviatoslav's push towards Constantinople. Russia's southward expansion and the imperialistic ventures of
1136:. While Sviatoslav's campaign brought no tangible results for the Rus', it weakened the Bulgarian state and left it vulnerable to the attacks of
969:
3038:
3017:
2996:
2968:
2947:
2926:
2905:
2884:
2863:
2842:
2821:
2647:
1894:
1835:
1827:
661:; whether this Sfengus was a son of Sviatoslav, a son of Malusha by a prior or subsequent husband, or an unrelated Rus' nobleman is unclear.
989:
867:
2411:
2145:
The exact date of Sviatoslav's Bulgarian campaign, which likely did not commence until the conclusion of his Khazar campaign, is unknown.
2132:
Most historians believe the Greeks were interested in the destruction of Khazaria. Another school of thought essentializes the report of
2636:
Hanak, Walter K. (1995), "The Infamous Svjatoslav: Master of Duplicity in War and Peace?", in Miller, Timothy S.; Nesbitt, John (eds.),
2637:
650:
1238:
2795:
2759:
2741:
2685:
2671:
2607:
1545:
1127:. In return, the Byzantine emperor supplied the Rus' with food and safe passage home. Sviatoslav and his men set sail and landed on
1023:
Sviatoslav refused to turn his Balkan conquests over to the Byzantines, and the parties fell out as a result. To the chagrin of his
1011:
669:
178:
999:
903:. Sviatoslav was paid 15,000 pounds of gold and set sail with an army of 60,000 men, including thousands of Pecheneg mercenaries.
603:
Very little is known of Sviatoslav's family life. It is possible that he was not the only (or the eldest) son of his parents. The
3227:
3182:
1774:
seems to imply, she should have been about 65 at the time of Sviatoslav's birth. There are clearly some problems with chronology.
2483:
2447:
1176:, but the prince slighted his wise advice and was ambushed and slain by the Pechenegs when he tried to cross the cataracts near
984:
979:
577:
all of his life. In the treaty of 971 between Sviatoslav and the Byzantine emperor John I Tzimiskes, the Rus' swore by the gods
3207:
2507:
2458:
2099:
reported that the Byzantines and Rus' collaborated in the conquest of a Khazar kingdom in the Crimea in 1016, and still later,
809:
3192:
1746:
712:
Shortly after his accession to the throne, Sviatoslav began campaigning to expand Rus' control over the Volga valley and the
880:
The annihilation of Khazaria was undertaken against the background of the Rus'-Byzantine alliance, concluded in the wake of
604:
1237:
patriots due to his great military successes. His figure first attracted attention of Russian artists and poets during the
974:
730:
31:
1027:
and his mother (who died within three days after learning about his decision), Sviatoslav decided to move his capital to
2765:
1097:
1248:
2568:
2437:"The Federation of Jewish Communities protests against the presence of a Star of David in a new sculpture in Belgorod"
813:
570:
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Sviatoslav had several children, but the origin of his wives is not specified in the chronicle. By his wives, he had
1359:. The reports described the 13-meter tall statue as depicting a Rus' cavalryman trampling a supine Khazar bearing a
2251:
858:
culture, greatly changing the demographics and culture of the transitional area between the forest and the steppe.
744:
The Kievan Rus' at the beginning of Sviatoslav's reign (in red), showing his sphere of influence to 972 (in orange)
474:
405:
feud among his three sons, resulting in the deaths of Yaropolk and Oleg, while Vladimir emerged as the sole ruler.
1710:А.М. Членов. К вопросу об имени Святослава, in Личные имена в прошлом, настоящем и будущем: проблемы антропонимики
713:
351:
2918:
A History of Russian Law: From Ancient Times to the Council Code (Ulozhenie) of Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich of 1649
2326:
1462:
1085:
2622:(Brill Online). Eds.: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2006.
2202:. The Rus'-Magyar alliance resulted in the Hungarian expedition against the second largest city of the empire,
2194:
2075:
1164:
453:
439:, but modern researchers question the possibility of such a translation of names from one language to another.
264:
3154:
2529:(Brill Online). Eds.: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 1996.
447:
is identical to Sviatoslav, as the Norse rendition of the Slavic name. The 10th-century Eastern Roman Emperor
1847:
Vernadsky 276–277. The sidelock is reminiscent of Turkic hairstyles and practices and was later mimicked by
994:
394:
1741:
Paul R. Magocsi (2010) A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples, University of Toronto Press, p. 68,
3222:
2618:
2525:
2161:, among others, assume that the Emperor was interested primarily in diverting Sviatoslav's attention from
1952:
1242:
913:
and proceeded to occupy the whole of northern Bulgaria. Meanwhile, the Byzantines bribed the Pechenegs to
900:
304:
2339:
1201:
Following Sviatoslav's death, tensions among his sons grew. A war broke out between his legitimate sons,
2613:
2104:
1732:
Elena Rydzevskaya. Ancient Russia and Scandinavia in the 9th–14th centuries Moscow: Nauka, 1978. Pp. 203
1830:, p.60 or David Nicolle "Armies of Medieval Russia 750–1250 (Men-at-Arms 333)" Osprey Publishing 1999;
56:
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mother or under her instructions. Her influence, however, did not extend to his religious observance.
3197:
3127:
3093:
2136:
that, prior to the Danube campaign, the Byzantines and the Rus' were at war. See Sakharov, chapter I.
2078:
specifies that Sviatoslav resettled the Ossetians near Kiev, but Sakharov finds this claim dubitable.
1986:
Russian Primary Chronicle (ПСРЛ. — Т. 2. Ипатьевская летопись. — СПб., 1908) for year 6472.
1418:
In November 2011, a Ukrainian fisherman found a one metre long sword in the waters of the Dnieper on
1303:
1283:(1773) explores the conflict between military honour and family attachment. It is a vivid example of
910:
546:
2562:"К вопросу об имени Святослава." Личные имена в прошлом, настоящем и будущем: проблемы антропонимики
1015:
Pursuit of Sviatoslav's warriors by the Byzantine army, a miniature from 11th century chronicles of
3202:
2715:
2415:
2174:
2162:
1867:
1473:
1120:
922:
914:
625:
1245:
in the Balkans seemed to have been legitimized by Sviatoslav's campaigns eight centuries earlier.
3164:
3137:
3103:
2747:
2154:
2107:
against the Khazars in the Caucasus in 1030. For more information on these and other references,
2088:
2024:
1453:
1307:
1210:
1206:
906:
842:
694:
681:
646:
634:
379:
371:
203:
193:
135:
117:
99:
2710:
1355:
region had erected a monument to Sviatoslav's victory over the Khazars by the Russian sculptor
3034:
3013:
2992:
2964:
2943:
2922:
2901:
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2859:
2838:
2817:
2791:
2773:
2755:
2737:
2706:
2681:
2667:
2643:
2603:
2469:
Press Release), 23 November 2005; Dahan, David, "Jews protest trampled Star of David statue",
2096:
1890:
1831:
1823:
1771:
1742:
1541:
1364:
1356:
725:
608:
509:
415:
185:
2958:
2169:. Indeed, Leo the Deacon three times mentions that Sviatoslav and his father Igor controlled
1217:
and returned in 978. Yaropolk was killed, and Vladimir became the sole ruler of Kievan Rus'.
2800:
2595:
2520:
2199:
2158:
2133:
2100:
1882:
1569:
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1202:
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612:
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537:
470:
432:
424:
375:
324:
198:
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1168:
of fomenting strife between the Rus' and the Pechenegs. According to the Slavic chronicle,
1148:
Fearing that the peace with Sviatoslav would not endure, the Byzantine emperor induced the
841:
by Sviatoslav, the Rus' leader did not bother to occupy the Khazar heartlands north of the
469:
Almost nothing is known about Sviatoslav's childhood and youth, which he spent reigning in
2462:
2451:
2343:
2330:
2170:
2092:
1400:
1299:
1291:
1284:
1272:
1264:
1159:
838:
757:
448:
387:
248:
62:
2436:
1158:
to kill Sviatoslav before he reached Kiev. This was in line with the policy outlined by
819:
3009:
The Nature and the Image of Princely Power in Kievan Rus', 980-1054: A Study of Sources
2783:
2660:
2632:. tr. Sdobnikov, Y., ed. Ogden, Denis. Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1959
2229:
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1195:
1173:
1128:
1093:
1016:
855:
827:
773:
721:
654:
533:
525:
521:
420:
343:
316:
296:
71:
2444:
2412:"Alexander Verkhovsky. Anti-Semitism in Russia: 2005. Key Developments and New Trends"
1107:
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17:
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1951:
Indeed, Franklin and Shepard advanced the hypothesis that Sfengus was identical with
1862:
1360:
1124:
1101:
1028:
885:
752:
vassal tribes of the Khazars to his cause. Those who would not join him, such as the
363:
218:
2455:
1187:
3147:
3120:
3083:
2693:
Les tentatives d'entrainement de la Russie de Kiev dans la sphere d'influence latin
2625:
2203:
1925:
Shared maternal paternity of Yaropolk and Oleg is a matter of debate by historians.
1155:
1152:
562:
482:
335:
331:
238:
228:
109:
89:
917:, where Olga stayed with Sviatoslav's son Vladimir. The siege was relieved by the
3028:
3007:
2986:
2937:
2916:
2895:
2874:
2853:
2832:
2811:
2960:
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
2855:
Christianity and the Eastern Slavs, Volume I: Slavic Cultures in the Middle Ages
1412:
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of Russia. The controversy was further exacerbated by Klykov's connections with
1306:
of Sviatoslav in the early 20th century. Sviatoslav appears in the 1913 poem of
1276:
1252:
1226:
1096:, who defeated the coalition of Rus', Pechenegs, Magyars, and Bulgarians in the
777:
582:
1429:
Monument to Svyatoslav the Brave in the village of Stari Petrivtsi, Kyiv region
927:
2456:"FJC Russia Appeal Clarifies Situation Over Potentially Anti-Semitic Monument"
1570:
Khazarian state and its role in the history of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus
1419:
1234:
1214:
1177:
1089:
834:
768:) to denote an unequivocal declaration of one's intentions. Proceeding by the
749:
494:
402:
308:
168:
35:
2074:
The campaign against the Ossetians is attested in the Primary Chronicle. The
845:
permanently. On his way back to Kiev, Sviatoslav chose to strike against the
3111:
2777:
2514:
2291:
1181:
1149:
896:
851:
846:
781:
769:
762:) This phrase is used in modern Russian and Ukrainian (usually misquoted as
734:
478:
428:
320:
281:
1985:
1498:
2322:
2028:
1935:
1352:
1230:
1137:
1116:
753:
591:
574:
541:
500:
493:
until Sviatoslav reached maturity (ca. 963). Sviatoslav was tutored by a
398:
1047:
740:
2736:). Moscow, Russian Academy of Sciences, World History Institute, 2001.
2111:
2020:
1939:
1848:
1169:
1070:
1041:
1037:
785:
700:
688:
658:
642:
383:
355:
300:
213:
2318:
611:. He also speculated that Predslava came from the Hungarian nobility.
504:(roughly, "company") in permanent warfare against neighboring states.
2639:
Peace and War in Byzantium: Essays in Honor of George T. Dennis, S.J.
2166:
1883:"The Introduction of Christianity in Russia and the Pagan Traditions"
1404:
1372:
1133:
1081:
1066:
1033:
816:
proposed that the sack of Sarkel came after the destruction of Atil.
800:
792:
486:
367:
359:
339:
3030:
Early Ukraine: A Military and Social History to the Mid-19th Century
795:
around 965, possibly sacking (but not occupying) the Khazar city of
2027:. By the early 12th century, however, it had been destroyed by the
1275:(1758–1815) also wrote a play on the subject of Sviatoslav's life.
899:, to persuade Sviatoslav to assist the Byzantines in a war against
2358:
2228:
Boris II was captured by the Byzantines in 971 and carried off to
1424:
1247:
1186:
1106:
1104:, where the Rus' were holding a number of Bulgar princes hostage.
1046:
1024:
1010:
889:
871:
818:
796:
739:
618:
578:
550:
515:
436:
347:
312:
1881:
Froianov, I. Ia.; A. Iu. Dvornichenko; Iu. V. Krivosheev (1992).
1538:
Dynasties of the world: a chronological and genealogical handbook
2556:
Lichnye Imena v proshlom, Nastoyaschem i Buduschem Antroponomiki
2445:"Radical nationalism and efforts to oppose it in Russia in 2005"
1887:
Russian Traditional Culture: Religion, Gender, and Customary Law
805:
490:
378:
as subordinate princes of Kiev and Drelinia, while he appointed
156:
1290:
Interest in Sviatoslav's career increased in the 19th century.
1180:
early in 972. The Primary Chronicle reports that his skull was
931:
2336:
1313:(#70. Написанное до войны) as an epitome of militant Slavdom:
1209:, in 976, at the conclusion of which Oleg was killed. In 977,
784:
mercenaries in this campaign, perhaps to counter the superior
720:, which for centuries had been one of the strongest states of
2813:
Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present
1934:
She is traditionally identified in Russian historiography as
1213:
fled abroad to escape Oleg's fate where he raised an army of
275:
649:, who would ultimately break with his father's paganism and
358:, leading him to carve out for himself the largest state in
532:
Sviatoslav's appearance has been described very clearly by
1257:
Sviatoslav's Return from the Danube to His Family in Kiev
565:, converted to Orthodox Christianity at the court of the
2019:
The town was an important trade center located near the
1691:
1689:
457:("On the Governance of the Empire") records his name as
427:
origin, as opposed to his predecessors, whose names had
2001:, Franklin and Shepard 149; Christian 298; Pletneva 18.
1467:
2852:
Gasparov, Boris; Raevsky-Hughes, Olga (10 July 2018).
2582:. Cambridge, Mass.: Medieval Academy of America, 1953.
2177:, Sviatoslav promised not to wage wars against either
1596:
763:
536:, who himself attended the meeting of Sviatoslav with
524:, a miniature from the late 11th century chronicle of
2988:
Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1300) (2 vols)
2535:
Opisanie voin velikago kniazya Svyatoslava Igorevicha
1394:
1384:
2484:"On Khortitsa found the sword of Prince Svyatoslav"
1560:
A History of Russia: Since 1855, Walter Moss, pg 29
645:, a woman of indeterminate origins, Sviatoslav had
244:
234:
224:
212:
184:
174:
162:
145:
141:
131:
123:
116:
105:
95:
85:
77:
70:
49:
2936:Franklin, Simon; Shepard, Jonathan (6 June 2014).
2337:The Russian History in the Mirror of the Fine Arts
2198:by Constantine Porphyrogenitus, "Turks" refers to
2182:historical importance to this story. Kendrick 157.
1351:In 2005, reports circulated that a village in the
342:in Kiev until 962. His decade-long reign over the
2383:. Cambridge University Press, 1987. Pages 122–123
1294:depicted an episode of Sviatoslav's meeting with
1540:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 167.
876:Sviatoslav invading Bulgaria, Manasses Chronicle
2915:Feldbrugge, Ferdinand J. M. (20 October 2017).
2573:A History of Russia, Mongolia and Central Asia.
1938:'s sister; for other theories on her identity,
1668:
1342:The Lost Kingdom, or the Passing of the Khazars
1044:, and from Rus' furs, wax, honey, and slaves".
2790:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1988.
2580:The Russian Primary Chronicle: Laurentian Text
1379:Sviatoslav is the main character of the books
1092:, John Tzimiskes sent his commander-in-chief,
520:Sviatoslav's mother, Olga, with her escort in
2731:
2725:
2719:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2542:
2533:
1708:
1335:The cry of the bright ones: "I come at you!"
1077:, who thus became the new Byzantine emperor.
943:
419:records Sviatoslav as the first ruler of the
8:
2691:
2642:, The Catholic University of America Press,
2217:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
1997:For Sviatoslav's reliance on nomad cavalry,
1287:rendering of early medieval subject matter.
393:In contrast with his mother's conversion to
2698:
2578:Cross, S. H., and O. P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor.
2467:Federation of Jewish Communities of the CIS
2095:around 985, long after Sviatoslav's death.
1680:
1620:
1281:Sviatoslav's Return from the Danube to Kiev
1263:Among the works created during the war was
657:reported that Vladimir had a brother named
3047:
2443:, 21 November 2005; Kozhevnikova, Galina,
1758:
1656:
1632:
1172:attempted to warn Sviatoslav to avoid the
950:
936:
928:
895:In 967 or 968, Nikephoros sent his agent,
55:
46:
2727:Drevniaya Rus' na Mezhdunarodnykh Putiakh
1111:Siege of Durostorum in Manasses Chronicle
382:, his son by his housekeeper and servant
791:Sviatoslav destroyed the Khazar city of
3027:Basilevsky, Alexander (28 March 2016).
1885:. In Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer (ed.).
1770:If Olga was indeed born in 879, as the
1584:
1572:A.P. Novoseltsev, Moscow, Nauka, 1990.
1523:
1490:
1438:
1403:. Sviatoslav plays a major role in the
1340:Sviatoslav is the villain of the novel
346:was marked by rapid expansion into the
2112:Khazars#Late references to the Khazars
1695:
1608:
1000:Constantinople & Aegean Sea (1043)
888:in his victorious naval expedition to
3213:10th-century princes from Kievan Rus'
2894:Bushkovitch, Paul (5 December 2011).
2303:
1644:
1329:Pouring the famed juice of the Danube
716:region. His greatest success was the
7:
3006:Hanak, Walter K. (10 October 2013).
2666:. Courier Dover Publications, 2004.
2486:. Rest in Ukraine. 23 September 2011
2381:Velimir Khlebnikov: A Critical Study
2091:refers to a Khazar potentate in the
1367:. This created an outcry within the
2831:Gleason, Abbott (28 January 2014).
2733:Древняя Русь на международных путях
2103:reported an unsuccessful attack by
1225:Sviatoslav has long been a hero of
319:, and at times was allied with the
1597:Gasparov & Raevsky-Hughes 2018
1298:in his well-known painting, while
330:Following the death of his father
25:
2873:Martin, Janet (6 December 2007).
2392:London: Shapiro, Vallentine, 1926
868:Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
748:Sviatoslav began by rallying the
589:, he believed that his warriors (
2939:The Emergence of Russia 750-1200
2165:, a Byzantine possession in the
623:Portrait of Sviatoslav I in the
397:, Sviatoslav remained a staunch
370:. In 970, he appointed his sons
3188:Murdered royalty of Kievan Rus'
1955:. Franklin and Shepard 200–201.
990:Thrace & Bulgaria (970–971)
362:. In 969, he moved his seat to
3218:10th-century murdered monarchs
2963:. Cambridge University Press.
2900:. Cambridge University Press.
2879:. Cambridge University Press.
2834:A Companion to Russian History
2806:Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959.
2600:The Emergence of Rus 750–1200.
2589:History of the Jewish Khazars.
2550:K Voprosu ob Imeni Sviatoslava
772:and Volga rivers, he attacked
573:in 957. Sviatoslav remained a
27:Prince of Kiev from 945 to 972
1:
2985:Curta, Florin (8 July 2019).
2065:Artamonov 428; Christian 298.
1808:Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor,
1795:Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor,
1399:), written by Russian writer
1239:Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
1119:, which the Byzantine armies
985:Bosporus & Bithynia (941)
289:
149:
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
2858:. Univ of California Press.
2591:Princeton Univ. Press, 1954.
2359:"Велимир Хлебников Творения"
2272:Franklin and Shepard 149–150
1324:Светлых клич: "Иду на вы!".
1121:besieged for sixty-five days
788:of the Khazars and Bulgars.
764:
758:
651:convert Rus' to Christianity
605:Rus'-Byzantine treaty of 945
481:around 945, and his mother,
334:in 945, Sviatoslav's mother
276:
2897:A Concise History of Russia
2770:The Diplomacy of Svyatoslav
2726:
2555:
2549:
2534:
1669:Franklin & Shepard 2014
1468:
1409:The Legend of Princess Olga
1395:
1385:
824:Sviatoslav's Council of War
571:Constantine Porphyrogenitus
3244:
2810:Borrero, Mauricio (2009).
2401:(Moscow: Det. lit., 1989).
2043:Christian 297–298; Dunlop
1889:. M.E. Sharpe. p. 4.
1407:historical anthology film
1333:I shall drink and remember
1331:Into the depth of my head,
865:
465:Early life and personality
268:
30:In this name that follows
29:
3161:
3152:
3144:
3134:
3125:
3117:
3110:
3100:
3091:
3080:
3075:
3050:
2957:Stephenson, Paul (2000).
2876:Medieval Russia, 980-1584
2837:. John Wiley & Sons.
2732:
2720:
2680:2nd ed. Routledge, 1992.
2561:
2543:
2461:27 September 2007 at the
1860:Based on his analysis of
1709:
1477:
1457:
1449:
1036:, silver and horses from
965:
882:Igor's Byzantine campaign
54:
3104:Yaropolk I Sviatoslavich
2664:A History of the Vikings
2342:14 November 2006 at the
2195:De Administrando Imperio
2076:Novgorod First Chronicle
1916:Primary Chronicle _____.
1316:
1165:De Administrando Imperio
1115:Sviatoslav retreated to
1069:, capturing the city of
862:Campaigns in the Balkans
454:De Administrando Imperio
307:. He conquered numerous
3228:Sons of princes regnant
3183:Medieval child monarchs
2816:. Infobase Publishing.
2700:Acta Poloniae Historica
2602:London: Longman, 1996.
2450:10 January 2007 at the
1536:Morby, John E. (2002).
1322:Стану пить я, вспоминая
1192:The Death of Sviatoslav
1138:Basil the Bulgar-Slayer
915:attack and besiege Kiev
473:. Sviatoslav's father,
451:'s Greek-language work
3208:10th-century conflicts
2804:The Origins of Russia.
2699:
2692:
2678:The Vikings in History
2619:Encyclopaedia of Islam
2526:Encyclopaedia of Islam
2379:Cooke, Raymond Cooke.
2023:between the Volga and
1966:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1953:Mstislav of Tmutarakan
1430:
1338:
1320:Наливая в глубь главы,
1311:Written before the war
1260:
1198:
1184:by the Pecheneg khan.
1112:
1098:Battle of Arcadiopolis
1061:
1020:
877:
830:
745:
630:
529:
305:First Bulgarian Empire
261:Svyatoslav I Igorevich
18:Sviatoslav I Igorevich
3193:Grand princes of Kiev
3155:Rulers of Kievan Rus'
2754:Moscow: Nauka, 1990.
2705:Warsaw, t. 22, 1970.
2471:European Jewish Press
1428:
1346:Istoricheskie povesti
1318:Знаменитый сок Дуная,
1315:
1251:
1190:
1110:
1050:
1014:
875:
822:
743:
622:
561:Sviatoslav's mother,
519:
311:tribes, defeated the
3052:Sviatoslav I of Kiev
2594:Franklin, Simon and
2329:7 March 2007 at the
2105:al-Fadl ibn Muhammad
2056:Logan (1992), p. 202
1469:Sviatoslav Ihorovych
1140:four decades later.
980:Constantinople (907)
975:Constantinople (860)
909:the Bulgarian ruler
837:reports the sack of
718:conquest of Khazaria
697:(c. 958 – 1015)
477:, was killed by the
277:Svętoslavŭ Igorevičǐ
269:Свѧтославъ Игорєвичь
2661:Kendrick, Thomas D.
2175:peace treaty of 971
1868:Alexander Nazarenko
1182:made into a chalice
1162:Porphyrogenitus in
1144:Death and aftermath
959:Rus'–Byzantine Wars
907:Sviatoslav defeated
735:Romanus I Lecapenus
626:Tsarsky titulyarnik
585:. According to the
461:("Sfendostlabos").
386:, as the prince of
3112:Titles in pretence
2788:Ukraine: A History
2748:Pletneva, Svetlana
2508:Artamonov, Mikhail
2473:, 22 November 2005
2171:Cimmerian Bosporus
2155:Mikhail Tikhomirov
2089:Mandgelis Document
1478:Святаслаў Ігаравіч
1458:Святослав Ігорович
1450:Святослав Игоревич
1431:
1308:Velimir Khlebnikov
1261:
1221:Art and literature
1199:
1113:
1062:
1056:, meeting between
1021:
970:Paphlagonia (830s)
878:
843:Caucasus Mountains
831:
746:
695:Vladimir the Great
682:Yaropolk I of Kiev
631:
530:
118:Prince of Novgorod
3171:
3170:
3162:Succeeded by
3135:Succeeded by
3101:Succeeded by
3088:
3040:978-0-7864-9714-0
3019:978-90-04-26022-1
2998:978-90-04-39519-0
2970:978-0-521-77017-0
2949:978-1-317-87224-5
2928:978-90-04-35214-8
2907:978-1-139-50444-7
2886:978-0-521-85916-5
2865:978-0-520-30247-1
2844:978-1-118-73000-3
2823:978-0-8160-7475-4
2676:Logan, Donald F.
2649:978-0-8132-0805-3
2565:) (Moscow, 1970).
1896:978-1-56324-039-3
1836:978-1-85532-848-8
1828:978-0-85045-565-6
1810:Primary Chronicle
1797:Primary Chronicle
1784:Primary Chronicle
1772:Primary Chronicle
1501:Primary Chronicle
1466:
1357:Vyacheslav Klykov
1304:equestrian statue
1008:
1007:
886:Nikephoros Phokas
810:Mikhail Artamonov
759:khochiu na vy iti
726:Volga trade route
708:Eastern campaigns
609:Vasily Tatishchev
587:Primary Chronicle
557:Religious beliefs
510:Primary Chronicle
507:According to the
416:Primary Chronicle
315:and attacked the
274:
254:
253:
16:(Redirected from
3235:
3145:Preceded by
3118:Preceded by
3086:
3081:Preceded by
3071:
3064:
3048:
3044:
3023:
3002:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2953:
2932:
2911:
2890:
2869:
2848:
2827:
2801:Vernadsky, G. V.
2766:Sakharov, Andrey
2735:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2716:Nazarenko, A. N.
2702:
2695:
2690:Manteuffel Th. "
2657:
2652:, archived from
2596:Jonathan Shepard
2575:Blackwell, 1999.
2569:Christian, David
2564:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2541:Chlenov, A. M. (
2537:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2480:
2474:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2418:on 9 August 2007
2414:. Archived from
2408:
2402:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2384:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2295:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2250:Simultaneously,
2248:
2242:
2239:
2233:
2226:
2220:
2213:
2207:
2189:
2183:
2159:Vladimir Pashuto
2152:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2134:Yahya of Antioch
2130:
2124:
2121:
2115:
2085:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2048:
2038:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2002:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1949:
1943:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1878:
1872:
1858:
1852:
1845:
1839:
1819:
1813:
1806:
1800:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1684:
1681:Bushkovitch 2011
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1621:Bushkovitch 2011
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1505:. Litopys.org.ua
1495:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1461:
1459:
1451:
1443:
1398:
1388:
1369:Jewish community
1053:Madrid Skylitzes
960:
952:
945:
938:
929:
767:
761:
733:in the reign of
676:Oleg of Drelinia
613:George Vernadsky
538:John I Tzimiskes
294:
291:
279:
273:romanized:
272:
270:
166:972 (aged 28–29)
154:
151:
61:Sviatoslav I by
59:
47:
21:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3158:
3150:
3140:
3131:
3123:
3106:
3097:
3089:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3041:
3026:
3020:
3005:
2999:
2984:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2956:
2950:
2935:
2929:
2914:
2908:
2893:
2887:
2872:
2866:
2851:
2845:
2830:
2824:
2809:
2784:Subtelny, Orest
2656:on 17 June 2010
2650:
2635:
2538:. Moscow, 1843.
2532:Chertkov A. D.
2511:Istoriya Khazar
2504:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2463:Wayback Machine
2452:Wayback Machine
2435:
2431:
2421:
2419:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2344:Wayback Machine
2331:Wayback Machine
2315:E. A Lanceray.
2314:
2310:
2302:
2298:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2227:
2223:
2214:
2210:
2190:
2186:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2093:Taman Peninsula
2086:
2082:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2039:
2035:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2005:
1996:
1992:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1950:
1946:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1859:
1855:
1846:
1842:
1820:
1816:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1765:
1759:Basilevsky 2016
1757:
1753:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1713:(Moscow, 1970).
1706:
1702:
1694:
1687:
1679:
1675:
1667:
1663:
1657:Feldbrugge 2017
1655:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1633:Stephenson 2000
1631:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1522:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1503:under year 970"
1497:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1401:Alexander Mazin
1337:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1300:Eugene Lanceray
1292:Klavdiy Lebedev
1273:Nikolai Nikolev
1265:Yakov Knyazhnin
1223:
1160:Constantine VII
1146:
1060:and Sviatoslav.
1009:
1004:
961:
958:
956:
870:
864:
814:David Christian
710:
601:
559:
467:
449:Constantine VII
423:with a name of
411:
292:
265:Old East Slavic
249:Slavic paganism
208:
167:
155:
152:
66:
63:Eugene Lanceray
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3241:
3239:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3160:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3133:
3128:Prince of Kiev
3124:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3099:
3094:Prince of Kiev
3090:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3076:Regnal titles
3073:
3072:
3054:
3051:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3024:
3018:
3003:
2997:
2982:
2969:
2954:
2948:
2933:
2927:
2912:
2906:
2891:
2885:
2870:
2864:
2849:
2843:
2828:
2822:
2807:
2798:
2781:
2763:
2745:
2721:А.Н. Назаренко
2713:
2688:
2674:
2658:
2648:
2633:
2623:
2611:
2592:
2583:
2576:
2566:
2539:
2530:
2518:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2475:
2429:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2372:
2350:
2321:on the way to
2308:
2296:
2283:
2274:
2265:
2256:
2243:
2234:
2232:as a prisoner.
2230:Constantinople
2221:
2215:W. Treadgold,
2208:
2184:
2179:Constantinople
2147:
2138:
2125:
2123:Christian 298.
2116:
2080:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2041:See, generally
2033:
2012:
2003:
1990:
1978:
1969:
1957:
1944:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1895:
1873:
1871:Nazarenko 302.
1853:
1840:
1814:
1801:
1788:
1776:
1763:
1751:
1734:
1725:
1715:
1700:
1698:, p. 1-2.
1685:
1673:
1661:
1659:, p. 473.
1649:
1647:, p. 296.
1637:
1625:
1623:, p. 6-7.
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1562:
1553:
1546:
1528:
1526:, p. 389.
1516:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1327:
1222:
1219:
1196:Boris Chorikov
1174:Dnieper rapids
1145:
1142:
1129:Berezan Island
1094:Bardas Skleros
1075:John Tzimiskes
1058:John Tzimiskes
1017:John Skylitzes
1006:
1005:
1003:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
966:
963:
962:
957:
955:
954:
947:
940:
932:
866:Main article:
863:
860:
856:Saltovo-Mayaki
828:Boris Chorikov
776:. He employed
774:Volga Bulgaria
722:Eastern Europe
709:
706:
705:
704:
698:
686:
685:
679:
655:John Skylitzes
600:
597:
558:
555:
534:Leo the Deacon
526:John Skylitzes
522:Constantinople
466:
463:
410:
407:
327:(Hungarians).
297:Prince of Kiev
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
216:
210:
209:
207:
206:
201:
196:
190:
188:
182:
181:
176:
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159:
147:
143:
142:
139:
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133:
129:
128:
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120:
114:
113:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
72:Prince of Kiev
68:
67:
60:
52:
51:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3240:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:Slavic pagans
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3166:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3143:
3139:
3130:
3129:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3096:
3095:
3085:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3062:
3057:
3049:
3042:
3036:
3033:. McFarland.
3032:
3031:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2983:
2972:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2955:
2951:
2945:
2942:. Routledge.
2941:
2940:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2871:
2867:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2796:0-8020-5808-6
2793:
2789:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2760:5-02-009542-7
2757:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2742:5-7859-0085-8
2739:
2728:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2694:
2689:
2687:
2686:0-415-08396-6
2683:
2679:
2675:
2673:
2672:0-486-43396-X
2669:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2626:Grekov, Boris
2624:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2614:Golden, P. B.
2612:
2609:
2608:0-582-49091-X
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2586:Dunlop, D. M.
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2557:
2551:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2312:
2309:
2306:, p. 15.
2305:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2269:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2188:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1898:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1863:De Ceremoniis
1857:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1786:entry for 968
1785:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1761:, p. 99.
1760:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1719:
1716:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1671:, p. 38.
1670:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1635:, p. 56.
1634:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1602:
1599:, p. 42.
1598:
1593:
1590:
1587:, p. 53.
1586:
1581:
1578:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1547:9780198604730
1543:
1539:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1517:
1504:
1502:
1499:"E.g. in the
1494:
1491:
1485:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1455:
1447:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1361:Star of David
1358:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1336:
1325:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
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1286:
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1278:
1274:
1270:
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1254:
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1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1220:
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1212:
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1204:
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1193:
1189:
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1161:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1125:Dnieper River
1122:
1118:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1102:Marcianopolis
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:Bardas Phokas
1083:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1071:Philippopolis
1068:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1029:Pereyaslavets
1026:
1018:
1013:
1001:
998:
996:
995:Lemnos (1024)
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
964:
953:
948:
946:
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934:
933:
930:
926:
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908:
904:
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
883:
874:
869:
861:
859:
857:
853:
848:
844:
840:
836:
829:
825:
821:
817:
815:
811:
807:
802:
798:
794:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
766:
760:
755:
751:
742:
738:
736:
732:
727:
723:
719:
715:
714:Pontic steppe
707:
702:
699:
696:
693:
692:
691:
690:
683:
680:
677:
674:
673:
672:
671:
667:
666:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
628:
627:
621:
617:
614:
610:
606:
598:
596:
594:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
556:
554:
552:
548:
543:
539:
535:
527:
523:
518:
514:
512:
511:
505:
503:
502:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
464:
462:
460:
459:Σφενδοσθλάβος
456:
455:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
417:
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:Pereyaslavets
361:
357:
353:
352:Pontic steppe
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
317:Volga Bulgars
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
287:
283:
278:
266:
262:
258:
250:
247:
243:
240:
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158:
148:
144:
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119:
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98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
69:
64:
58:
53:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3153:
3126:
3092:
3067:
3060:
3055:
3029:
3008:
2987:
2974:. Retrieved
2959:
2938:
2917:
2896:
2875:
2854:
2833:
2812:
2803:
2787:
2769:
2751:
2697:
2677:
2663:
2654:the original
2638:
2629:
2617:
2599:
2588:
2579:
2572:
2544:А. М. Членов
2524:
2521:Barthold, W.
2510:
2502:Bibliography
2488:. Retrieved
2478:
2470:
2440:
2432:
2420:. Retrieved
2416:the original
2406:
2397:
2388:
2380:
2375:
2363:. Retrieved
2361:. Lib.rus.ec
2353:
2347:(in Russian)
2316:
2311:
2299:
2286:
2277:
2268:
2259:
2246:
2241:Kendrick 158
2237:
2224:
2216:
2211:
2204:Thessalonica
2193:
2187:
2150:
2141:
2128:
2119:
2108:
2101:Ibn al-Athir
2083:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2015:
2006:
1998:
1993:
1981:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1947:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1900:. Retrieved
1886:
1876:
1861:
1856:
1843:
1817:
1809:
1804:
1796:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1766:
1754:
1737:
1728:
1718:
1703:
1683:, p. 7.
1676:
1664:
1652:
1640:
1628:
1616:
1611:, p. 2.
1604:
1592:
1585:Gleason 2014
1580:
1574:(in Russian)
1565:
1556:
1537:
1531:
1524:Borrero 2009
1519:
1507:. Retrieved
1500:
1493:
1441:
1417:
1408:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1339:
1328:
1317:
1310:
1302:sculpted an
1296:Emperor John
1289:
1285:Poussinesque
1280:
1279:'s painting
1268:
1262:
1256:
1243:Catherine II
1224:
1200:
1191:
1163:
1147:
1114:
1079:
1063:
1051:
1022:
918:
905:
894:
879:
832:
823:
790:
747:
711:
687:
668:
664:
663:
632:
624:
602:
590:
586:
560:
531:
508:
506:
499:
468:
458:
452:
444:
440:
414:
412:
395:Christianity
392:
350:valley, the
329:
285:
260:
256:
255:
239:Olga of Kiev
229:Igor of Kiev
50:Sviatoslav I
44:
39:
3198:940s births
2976:24 November
2490:23 November
2422:12 November
2319:Sviatoslav
2163:Chersonesos
1902:19 February
1696:Martin 2007
1609:Martin 2007
1413:Les Serdyuk
1277:Ivan Akimov
1267:'s tragedy
1253:Ivan Akimov
750:East Slavic
678:(died 977?)
485:, ruled as
421:Kievan Rus'
403:fratricidal
348:Volga River
344:Kievan Rus'
338:reigned as
309:East Slavic
295:– 972) was
86:Predecessor
3203:972 deaths
3177:Categories
3138:Yaropolk I
3056:Rurikovich
2772:. Moscow:
2523:"Khazar".
2304:Hanak 2013
2025:Don Rivers
1747:1442610212
1645:Curta 2019
1486:References
1474:Belarusian
1420:Khortytsia
1227:Belarusian
1215:Varangians
1178:Khortytsia
1117:Dorostolon
1090:Asia Minor
1082:Adrianople
835:Ibn Haukal
354:, and the
293: 943
257:Sviatoslav
204:Vladimir I
194:Yaropolk I
169:Khortytsia
153: 943
136:Vladimir I
100:Yaropolk I
36:patronymic
3132:945–960s
3098:960s–972
3012:. BRILL.
2991:. BRILL.
2921:. BRILL.
2776:, 1982. (
2711:0001-6829
2515:Leningrad
2292:Scythians
2206:, in 968.
1999:see, e.g.
1463:romanized
1454:Ukrainian
1235:Ukrainian
897:Kalokyros
852:Black Sea
847:Ossetians
833:Although
765:idu na vy
684:(952–978)
670:Predslava
567:Byzantine
547:carbuncle
495:Varangian
479:Drevlians
429:Old Norse
321:Pechenegs
282:Old Norse
179:Predslava
132:Successor
112:(945–962)
96:Successor
40:Igorevich
3165:Yaropolk
3159:945–972
3087:(regent)
2752:Polovtsy
2630:Kiev Rus
2459:Archived
2454: ;
2448:Archived
2441:Interfax
2340:Archived
2327:Archived
2323:Tsargrad
2097:Kedrenos
2029:Kipchaks
1940:see here
1936:Dobrynya
1849:Cossacks
1812:, p. 84.
1799:, p. 84.
1391:The Hero
1365:Kolovrat
1353:Belgorod
1211:Vladimir
1207:Yaropolk
1150:Pecheneg
919:druzhina
911:Boris II
901:Bulgaria
839:Samandar
782:Pecheneg
754:Vyatichs
665:Children
647:Vladimir
635:Yaropolk
592:druzhina
569:Emperor
549:and two
542:sidelock
501:druzhina
471:Novgorod
441:Sveinald
388:Novgorod
380:Vladimir
372:Yaropolk
303:and the
301:Khazaria
286:Sveinald
245:Religion
2616:"Rus."
2517:, 1962.
2365:17 June
2200:Magyars
2021:portage
1964:"Rus",
1465::
1446:Russian
1231:Russian
1170:Sveneld
1042:Bohemia
1038:Hungary
923:Pretich
799:on the
786:cavalry
701:Sfengus
689:Malusha
659:Sfengus
643:Malusha
445:Sveneld
384:Malusha
366:on the
356:Balkans
325:Magyars
214:Dynasty
127:945–970
81:945–972
3066:
3037:
3016:
2995:
2967:
2946:
2925:
2904:
2883:
2862:
2841:
2820:
2794:
2778:online
2758:
2740:
2709:
2684:
2670:
2646:
2606:
2252:Otto I
2167:Crimea
2045:passim
1893:
1838:, p.44
1834:
1826:
1745:
1544:
1509:6 July
1405:Soviet
1389:) and
1373:Pamyat
1259:(1773)
1233:, and
1134:grivna
1067:Thrace
1034:Greece
1025:boyars
801:Crimea
793:Sarkel
629:, 1672
599:Family
551:pearls
487:regent
425:Slavic
368:Danube
360:Europe
340:regent
235:Mother
225:Father
175:Spouse
106:Regent
65:(1886)
34:, the
3068:Died:
3061:Born:
2774:Nauka
2219:, 509
1434:Notes
1396:Geroi
1386:Kniaz
1381:Knyaz
1156:Kurya
1132:half-
890:Crete
797:Kerch
778:Oghuz
641:. By
583:Veles
579:Perun
575:pagan
437:Rurik
399:pagan
313:Alans
219:Rurik
186:Issue
124:Reign
78:Reign
3148:Olga
3121:Igor
3084:Olga
3035:ISBN
3014:ISBN
2993:ISBN
2978:2017
2965:ISBN
2944:ISBN
2923:ISBN
2902:ISBN
2881:ISBN
2860:ISBN
2839:ISBN
2818:ISBN
2792:ISBN
2756:ISBN
2738:ISBN
2707:ISSN
2682:ISBN
2668:ISBN
2644:ISBN
2604:ISBN
2547:.) "
2492:2017
2424:2007
2367:2012
2157:and
2087:The
1904:2017
1891:ISBN
1832:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1743:ISBN
1707:See
1542:ISBN
1511:2013
1363:and
1269:Olga
1205:and
1203:Oleg
1153:khan
1040:and
812:and
806:Atil
780:and
731:Jews
639:Oleg
637:and
581:and
563:Olga
491:Kiev
483:Olga
475:Igor
435:and
433:Oleg
413:The
409:Name
376:Oleg
374:and
336:Olga
332:Igor
323:and
199:Oleg
163:Died
157:Kiev
146:Born
110:Olga
90:Igor
3070:972
3063:942
2724:).
2696:".
2553:."
2109:see
1723:41.
1194:by
1088:in
921:of
826:by
770:Oka
489:in
443:or
259:or
38:is
3179::
2786:.
2768:.
2750:.
2628:.
2598:.
2571:.
2513:.
2439:,
2335:,
1866:,
1688:^
1476::
1472:;
1460:,
1456::
1452:;
1448::
1415:.
1348:.
1255:.
1229:,
892:.
737:.
653:.
553:.
390:.
290:c.
288:;
284::
280:;
271:,
267::
150:c.
3043:.
3022:.
3001:.
2980:.
2952:.
2931:.
2910:.
2889:.
2868:.
2847:.
2826:.
2780:)
2762:.
2744:.
2730:(
2718:(
2703:.
2610:.
2559:(
2494:.
2465:(
2426:.
2369:.
2333:"
2325:.
2317:"
2114:.
2047:.
2031:.
1942:.
1906:.
1851:.
1749:.
1550:.
1513:.
1393:(
1383:(
1019:.
951:e
944:t
937:v
703:?
528:.
263:(
42:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
