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304:. The bulky nest is attached to marsh vegetation, often just above the ground or surface of the water with leaves or grass arching over the top. The female builds a new nest each year and lays an average of four eggs per clutch. Females give a series of chips as they leave the nest, probably to ward off attacks by their mate or neighboring males.
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Adults have streaked rusty, buff and black upperparts with an unstreaked gray breast, light belly and a white throat. The wings are strikingly rusty. Most males and a few females have rust-colored caps. Their face is gray with a dark line through the eye. They have a short bill and fairly long legs.
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Swamp sparrows generally forage on the ground near the water's edge, in shallow water or in marsh vegetation. In winter, their diet is principally fruit and seeds, while during the breeding season their diet is mainly arthropods.
285:) winters in coastal marshes of the Carolinas and differs from the two inland swamp sparrow subspecies in having more black in a grayer overall plumage, larger bill, different songs, and a smaller average
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While swamp sparrows can be found year-round in small numbers on the southern edge of their breeding range, individuals are probably all migratory, primarily
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Swamp sparrows breed across the northern United States and boreal Canada. The southern edge of their breeding range coincides largely with the
281:. A small number of morphologically distinct birds inhabit tidal marshes from northern Virginia to the Hudson River Estuary. This subspecies (
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332:. A male can have a repertoire of several different trills. The common call note is a loud chip reminiscent of a phoebe.
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Immature birds and winter adults usually have two brown crown stripes and much of the gray is replaced with buff.
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This bird's numbers have declined due to habitat loss in some parts of its range.
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The song of the swamp sparrow is a slow monotone trill, slower than that of the
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489:"Swamp Sparrow Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology"
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561:- USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
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363:Singing from the edge of a marsh in Minnesota
296:, including brackish marshes, across eastern
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515:Mowbray, Thomas B. (1997). Poole, A. (ed.).
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1046:Taxa named by John Latham (ornithologist)
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527:. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology
1026:IUCN Red List least concern species
453:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
311:to the southeastern United States.
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767:swamp-sparrow-melospiza-georgiana
525:The Birds of North America Online
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371:Problems playing this file? See
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442:BirdLife International (2018).
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550:Swamp sparrow species account
581:at VIREO (Drexel University)
552:- Cornell Lab of Ornithology
264:: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
252:: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
579:Swamp sparrow photo gallery
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422:East Hartford, Connecticut
292:Their breeding habitat is
279:Line of Maximum Glaciation
585:Interactive range map of
460:: e.T22721070A132142598.
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571:Internet Bird Collection
273:Distribution and habitat
1041:Birds described in 1790
397:Swamp sparrow taken at
1036:Birds of North America
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258:: 0.5-0.8 oz (15-23 g)
918:Paleobiology Database
566:"Swamp sparrow media"
493:www.allaboutbirds.org
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226:) is a medium-sized
948:Fringilla georgiana
936:Melospiza-georgiana
669:Melospiza_georgiana
644:Melospiza georgiana
614:Melospiza georgiana
587:Melospiza georgiana
558:Melospiza georgiana
519:Melospiza georgiana
446:Melospiza georgiana
223:Melospiza georgiana
190:Melospiza georgiana
51:Conservation status
592:IUCN Red List maps
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905:Open Tree of Life
606:Taxon identifiers
399:Lake Mattamuskeet
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228:New World sparrow
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172:M. georgiana
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181:Binomial name
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300:and central
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243:Measurements
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232:song sparrow
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853:Neotropical
827:NatureServe
775:iNaturalist
638:Wikispecies
473:13 November
287:clutch size
238:Description
1020:Categories
963:Q109578180
931:Xeno-canto
498:2020-09-30
429:References
373:media help
1031:Melospiza
309:migrating
166:Species:
159:Melospiza
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
957:Wikidata
832:2.103651
819:22721070
793:11306549
695:22721070
690:BirdLife
623:Wikidata
262:Wingspan
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
990:8105648
884:1484478
744:2492235
677:Avibase
629:Q742826
384:Gallery
294:marshes
200:, 1790)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
1003:997954
923:368701
910:265545
858:swaspa
806:179488
751:GNAB:
731:swaspa
718:swaspa
657:swaspa
531:25 Jan
302:Canada
256:Weight
250:Length
198:Latham
977:6K24J
871:78417
845:44398
788:IRMNG
726:eBird
715:BOW:
708:17181
998:ITIS
985:GBIF
892:ODNR
879:OBIS
840:NCBI
814:IUCN
801:ITIS
780:9096
739:GBIF
703:BOLD
533:2013
475:2021
458:2018
349:Song
324:Call
315:Diet
216:The
128:Aves
972:CoL
762:IBC
664:ADW
653:ABA
590:at
462:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
