212:
360:
274:
1988:
1976:
169:
during the early 20th century. The firm has designed numerous iconic heritage buildings in
Singapore as well as Malaysia. Presently headquartered in UE Square Singapore, the firm has continued to design numerous projects in contemporary Singapore. Swan & Maclaren Group has operational presence in
253:
Because of
Bidwell's talent and reputation for designing handsome government buildings, Swan and Maclaren became the dominant architectural firm in colonial Singapore. Bidwell dominated its work between 1897 and 1911. The firm proceeded to win the most prestigious commissions in Singapore, and many
156:
business have expanded beyond
Architecture & Urban Design, and presently include Interior Design, Adaptive Reuse, Illumination Engineering, Immersive Experience Design, Sustainability Solutions (including Green Tech & Build), and in the near future, Luxury Senior Living development. One of
420:(1934). In 1927 they completed the construction of the ‘Eastern Extension’ at 35 Robinson Road (later to be known as Telegraph House), the intersection of the ten most important overseas telegraph cables. It is today the (Sofitel) So Singapore. Swan and Maclaren also designed the
463:
ended his partnership with Swan and
Maclaren Architects, which had originally been contracted to see the project through to completion. Subsequently, NLB released the firm from its contract, and called for new
312:
By 1904, Swan and
Maclaren was the largest architectural firm in Singapore. In 1905, Swan and Maclaren worked on the extensions and rebuilding of the Victoria Memorial Hall. In the same year, the
250:
had practised in the town in the 1820s and 1830s. Bidwell found an opportunity in
Singapore to exercise his knowledge of the full range and variety of Western architectural vocabulary.
289:
The
Raffles Hotel was one of the first of the numerous projects by Bidwell under Swan and Maclaren, which was to build a substantial number of buildings in a large variety of
37:
Architectural & Urban Design, Interior Design, Adaptive Reuse, Illumination
Engineering, Immersive Experience, Sustainability Solutions, Luxury Senior Living Development
468:
for the construction of the new
National Library building. The National Library building was eventually opened on 22 July 2005, after three years of construction.
1119:
2013:
435:'s original campus at Prince Edward Road. They did, however lose some of its dominance due to increased competition from both local and foreign companies.
2018:
780:
2008:
488:
1649:
199:
engineers, Archibald
Alexander Swan (1857–1911) and Alfred Lermit. Lermit later withdrew from partnership in 1890, and later in 1892, it became
883:
222:
was designed by RAJ Bidwell of Swan and Maclaren, who duplicated the adjacent original Town Hall that subsequently became the Victoria Theatre
1918:
1095:
428:
that commemorates the soldiers who died in World War I. Its reverse side was inscribed with the names of soldiers who died in World War II.
1167:
849:
351:
style. In 1911, Bidwell left Swan and Maclaren to establish his own practice. By then, he was the most important architect in Singapore.
1891:
1432:
929:
609:
558:
536:
530:
340:
1954:
798:
506:
413:
1937:
1899:
1874:
564:
267:
456:
919:
685:
518:
282:
255:
717:
707:
1831:
1675:
814:
1966:
1457:
1612:
1556:
1302:
1290:
998:
524:
320:
was extended and refurbished, and the 'Eastern Extension' (later 'Telegraph House', today Sofitel 'So Singapore) on 35
1886:
1580:
767:
646:
444:
1585:
1530:
1152:
965:
771:
552:
344:
235:
211:
238:
joined the firm, arriving in Singapore from England after a short working stint at the Public Works Department in
855:
820:
324:
was constructed. In that year, the firm also designed and built one of the largest shops in early Singapore, the
306:
1415:
Tan Kar Lin, Ho Weng Hin and Dinesh Naidu (28 June 2007). "Heritage conservation can make good economic sense".
321:
247:
125:
121:
93:
Robert Yap Min Choy, Executive Chairman; Lim Chai Boon, CEO; Edwin Tan Puay Kiat, Deputy CEO; Saw Kok Wei, CFO
1175:
843:
829:
755:
736:
590:
421:
839:
804:
786:
452:
317:
243:
216:
129:
724:
615:
432:
301:. Bidwell applied the south German architectural style in his design of the clubhouse. In Singapore's
1059:
935:
627:
378:
325:
117:
1980:
923:
679:
656:
621:
500:
482:
417:
348:
313:
290:
263:
188:
1835:
1113:
548:
465:
390:
1180:
1933:
1914:
1895:
1870:
1815:
1762:
1745:
1669:
1462:
1417:
1373:
1258:
1241:
1224:
1207:
1135:
1101:
1091:
982:
877:
298:
254:
of its early buildings are still extant today. Some of these buildings have been gazetted as
1992:
913:
701:
689:
666:
637:
633:
336:
328:
443:
In May 1999, Swan and Maclaren Architects was awarded the architectural tender for the new
889:
740:
695:
596:
431:
After World War II, Swan and Maclaren remained important continuing with projects such as
113:
109:
1034:
359:
293:. The firm was commissioned to rebuild the Teutonia Club in 1900 in its new location on
273:
425:
386:
2002:
1617:
1554:
Nur Dianah Suhaimi (5 August 2007). "Please don't turn The Majestic into foodcourt".
711:
542:
512:
459:, from the 30 firms that made submissions. In September 2000, the firm's team leader
448:
412:(1924–28), Ocean Building (1923), Hongkong Bank Chambers (now HSBC Building) (1925),
409:
363:
332:
302:
278:
259:
672:
Hongkong Bank Chambers (1919–1925, 1979–82; renamed to Hong Kong Bank Building, now
1222:
Laurel Teo (20 January 2001). "Tenders invited for new National Library building".
1060:"University of Glasgow :: Story :: Biography of Archibald Alexander Swan"
907:
833:
600:
405:
367:
239:
166:
165:, and was one of the most prominent architectural firms in Singapore when it was a
105:
101:
203:
after another surveyor engineer, James Waddell Boyd Maclaren, joined as partner.
1598:
1475:
730:
401:
382:
294:
227:
1839:
451:
that was demolished. It was shortlisted out of five for the final selection in
45:
Commercial, Industrial, Infrastructure, Healthcare, Entertainment, Hospitality
1105:
1009:
1813:
Alicia Yeo (21 February 2002). "Waterboat House set for new lease of life".
963:
Tan May Ping (22 May 1999). "Swan and Maclaren to design National Library".
903:
761:
650:
581:
460:
394:
196:
184:
65:
1528:
Sylvia Wong (25 May 1993). "The rise and rise of Singapore's skyscrapers".
1743:
Tan Hui Yee (17 February 2005). "St Patrick's chapel compound conserved".
1085:
1150:
Vivien Ng (24 August 2000). "New library in Victoria St to cost $ 100m".
1975:
408:, the firm continued to lead the local market with projects such as the
157:
the oldest architectural firms in the country, it was formerly known as
1776:
In association with Sir Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners
746:
494:
246:. He was the first professionally trained architect in Singapore since
776:
Initially awarded the tender but contract was subsequently terminated.
1205:
Laurel Teo (18 January 2001). "National Library design team splits".
1955:
National Library Board of Singapore, Infopedia: Swan & Maclaren
1281:
Chapel extensions, in association with Father Charles Benedict Nain
374:
358:
272:
210:
673:
1272:
Founded with Father Charles Benedict Nain and Swan & Lermit
1911:
Discover Singapore: The City's History & Culture Redefined
140:
1433:"THE CENOTAPH, SINGAPORE. DESIGNED BY DENIS SANTRY OF SWAN …"
1890:. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet in association with the
1487:
1485:
309:(formerly known as the Oranje Building), completed in 1904.
1239:
Kristina Tom (23 July 2005). "New National Library opens".
980:"Shortlisted designs for new library go on display today".
385:
on Mount Sophia. The Eu Villa was built at a grand cost of
277:
One of Swan and Maclaren's most prominent projects was the
75:
Archibald Swan, Alfred Lermit, James Waddel, Boyd Maclaren
1959:
1930:
A History of Singapore Architecture: The Making of a City
1760:
Tan Shzr Ee (11 February 2002). "Moving with the Times".
297:, after it moved from its location near Raffles Hotel on
339:. Between 1906 and 1912, Swan and Maclaren rebuilt the
170:
several countries around Asia, UK and the Middle East.
1964:
83:
12-03,UE Square,83 Clemenceau Avenue,Singapore 239920
389:1 million. In the same year, the firm designed the
135:
97:
87:
79:
71:
49:
41:
33:
23:
447:on Victoria Street to replace the main library on
335:, located on the opposite side of the square from
1867:Singapore – A Guide to Buildings, Streets, Places
813:Singapore Railway Station & Hotel (1932; now
195:in 1887, a civil engineering firm formed by two
1581:"Swan and Maclaren to design National Library"
1361:Additions and alterations to various buildings
958:
956:
1656:. Archived from the original on 29 April 2007
1544:In association with Cyril Farey & Dawbarn
1321:
1319:
8:
18:
347:, dedicated to the Lady of Fatimah, in the
1913:. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions.
1639:New building, in association with E. Kolle
1570:In association with Tomlinson & Lermit
1118:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
17:
1405:In association with John Graham & Co.
892:(1919; now The Fullerton Waterboat House)
373:In 1913, Swan and Maclaren built a large
305:, Bidwell also designed the three-storey
1869:. Singapore: Times Books International.
1090:. Gretchen Liu. Singapore. p. 190.
910:, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya; demolished 2006)
489:Chinese High School Clock Tower Building
266:) and Victoria Memorial Hall (1905, now
1971:
952:
938:, Kuala Lumpur (1929; present building)
861:Tamil Methodist Episcopal Church (1925)
752:Manmathan Karunessvera Temple (1932–35)
1667:
1133:"Want to save parts of the Library?".
1111:
884:United World College of Southeast Asia
316:on Oxley Rise was built. In 1907, the
7:
2014:Design companies established in 1892
1928:Jane Beamish, Jane Ferguson (1989).
1865:Norman Edwards, Peter Keys (1996).
1830:Llew-Ann Phang (15 December 2006).
1715:Original building at Bukit Location
986:. 2 October 1999. p. H60, H61.
870:Terraces (128A-H) on Cairnhill Road
826:Singapore Rubber House (1960, 1978)
795:Shophouses on Syed Alwi Road (1921)
559:Telok Ayer Chinese Methodist Church
1803:Extension to Senior Boarding House
997:Johannes Widodo (September 2003).
565:Victoria Memorial Hall and Theatre
507:Prinsep Street Presbyterian Church
414:Prinsep Street Presbyterian Church
14:
1960:Singapore Institute of Architects
1334:War Memorial Wing (West transept)
647:Fairfield Methodist Girls' School
268:Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall
262:(1899), Teutonia Club (1900, now
2019:1892 establishments in Singapore
1986:
1974:
1371:"History of the Sultan Mosque".
665:Great Southern Hotel (1936; now
495:Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus
457:architectural design competition
2009:Architecture firms of Singapore
1035:"Find Us - Swan & Maclaren"
799:Singapore Chinese Girls' School
1087:The Singapore house, 1819-1942
718:Kampong Kapor Methodist Church
1:
815:Tanjong Pagar Railway Station
810:Singapore Island Country Club
606:Chin Leong Tang Temple (1920)
1832:"Bok House: End of a Legacy"
1621:. 18 January 2001. p. 7
525:Sri Srinivasa Perumal Temple
424:, a granite memorial at the
226:. Bidwell also designed the
55:; 137 years ago
1932:. Singapore: Graham Brash.
1887:Singapore: The Encyclopedia
1706:Northern and southern wings
1458:"TOP DESIGN FOR A MEMORIAL"
1377:. 8 July 1993. p. L22.
1139:. 22 May 1999. p. H56.
886:(1963–64, 1981, 1982, 1984)
723:Kheng Chiu Building (1963;
2035:
1697:4th Pavilion and new wings
1500:Conversion to nursing home
1343:Extensions (East transept)
873:Thong Teck Building (1972)
236:Regent Alfred John Bidwell
230:joining the two buildings.
1674:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1491:Additions and alterations
1303:St Nicholas Girls' School
1291:St Nicholas Girls' School
1064:universitystory.gla.ac.uk
821:Singapore Recreation Club
445:National Library building
154:Swan & Maclaren Group
19:Swan & Maclaren Group
1589:. 22 May 1999. p. 3
1466:. 31 May 1963. p. 4
999:"Modernism in Singapore"
864:Telecoms Building (1927)
807:(1884, 1907–21, 1922–23)
662:Grand Hotel (Still Road)
497:(1854, 1890, 1913, 1951)
248:George Drumgoole Coleman
126:Illumination Engineering
122:Sustainability Solutions
1892:National Heritage Board
1884:Tommy Koh, ed. (2006).
1387:Memorial Hall and Tower
1176:Singapore Biennale 2006
801:(1920s; Cairnhill Road)
756:Mount Alvernia Hospital
1179:. 2006. Archived from
920:George Town Dispensary
867:Telephone House (1907)
805:Singapore Cricket Club
686:Institute of Education
453:National Library Board
370:
318:Singapore Cricket Club
286:
244:Federated Malay States
231:
217:Victoria Memorial Hall
1396:Renovation to Theatre
1084:Lee, Kip Lin (2015).
932:, Kuala Lumpur (1918)
616:Civilian War Memorial
539:(1906–12, 1938, 1956)
531:St Andrew's Cathedral
433:Singapore Polytechnic
400:In the years between
362:
341:Saint Joseph's Church
276:
214:
183:The company began in
1909:Susan Tsang (2007).
936:Victoria Institution
840:St Anthony's Convent
628:David Elias Building
622:Cycle & Carriage
578:Alkaff Arcade (1909)
519:Sri Mariamman Temple
291:architectural styles
258:, and these include
130:Immersive Experience
1256:"Monument No. 43".
1039:Swan & Maclaren
1015:on 28 November 2006
924:George Town, Penang
876:Times House (1958;
850:St Patrick's School
830:Singapore Turf Club
792:Ocean Towers (1999)
680:Hong Leong Building
657:Gleneagles Hospital
610:Chinese High School
591:Cenotaph, Singapore
501:Goodwood Park Hotel
483:Chesed-El Synagogue
418:Singapore Turf Club
314:Chesed-El Synagogue
264:Goodwood Park Hotel
201:Swan & Maclaren
189:Straits Settlements
159:Swan & Maclaren
29:Swan & Maclaren
20:
1531:The Business Times
1186:on 31 October 2007
1168:"National Library"
1153:The Business Times
966:The Business Times
930:St Andrew's Church
659:(1950, 1959, 1980)
537:St Joseph's Church
477:National monuments
391:Jinrikisha Station
371:
287:
256:national monuments
232:
207:Rise to prominence
27:Swan & Lermit
1920:978-981-261-365-3
1842:on 5 January 2007
1816:The Straits Times
1763:The Straits Times
1746:The Straits Times
1654:Emporis Buildings
1463:The Straits Times
1418:The Straits Times
1374:The Straits Times
1259:The Straits Times
1242:The Straits Times
1225:The Straits Times
1208:The Straits Times
1136:The Straits Times
1097:978-981-4634-01-4
983:The Straits Times
878:River Valley Road
702:Kelly & Walsh
355:After RAJ Bidwell
337:Robinson & Co
299:North Bridge Road
283:national monument
193:Swan & Lermit
163:Swan & Lermit
151:
150:
2026:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1943:
1924:
1905:
1880:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1838:. Archived from
1827:
1821:
1820:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1786:
1785:Resources Centre
1783:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1673:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1557:The Sunday Times
1551:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1480:
1479:
1473:
1471:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1314:
1313:New covered wing
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1262:. 21 March 1999.
1253:
1247:
1246:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1172:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1117:
1109:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1014:
1008:. Archived from
1003:
994:
988:
987:
977:
971:
970:
960:
914:Cenotaph, Penang
777:
768:National Library
737:Majestic Theatre
690:Bukit Timah Road
667:Yue Hwa Building
638:Bukit Pasoh Road
634:Ee Hoe Hean Club
472:List of projects
329:department store
147:
144:
142:
63:
61:
56:
21:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2023:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1987:
1985:
1973:
1965:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1927:
1921:
1908:
1902:
1883:
1877:
1864:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:Science Complex
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1666:
1659:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1592:
1590:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1483:
1469:
1467:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1110:
1098:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1001:
996:
995:
991:
979:
978:
974:
962:
961:
954:
945:
900:
895:
890:Waterboat House
775:
772:Victoria Street
764:Building (1908)
749:Chambers (1910)
747:Malayan Banking
741:New Bridge Road
704:Building (1935)
696:Istana Woodneuk
643:Eu Villa (1913)
624:Building (1984)
584:Building (1958)
574:
567:(1905, 1954–58)
553:Armenian Street
479:
474:
441:
416:(1930) and the
357:
345:Victoria Street
209:
181:
176:
139:
128:
124:
120:
116:
114:Interior Design
112:
110:Master Planning
108:
104:
90:
59:
57:
54:
28:
12:
11:
5:
2032:
2030:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1983:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1950:
1949:External links
1947:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1925:
1919:
1906:
1900:
1881:
1875:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1822:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1752:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1650:"Ocean Towers"
1641:
1632:
1604:
1586:Business Times
1572:
1563:
1546:
1537:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1481:
1449:
1437:www.nas.gov.sg
1424:
1407:
1398:
1389:
1380:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1315:
1306:
1301:Extensions to
1294:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1248:
1231:
1214:
1197:
1159:
1142:
1125:
1096:
1076:
1051:
1026:
989:
972:
951:
950:
949:
944:
941:
940:
939:
933:
927:
917:
911:
899:
896:
894:
893:
887:
881:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:Stamford House
853:
847:
837:
827:
824:
818:
811:
808:
802:
796:
793:
790:
787:Ocean Building
784:
778:
765:
759:
753:
750:
744:
734:
728:
721:
715:
705:
699:
693:
683:
677:
670:
663:
660:
654:
644:
641:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
604:
594:
588:
585:
579:
575:
573:
572:Other projects
570:
569:
568:
562:
556:
549:Tao Nan School
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
478:
475:
473:
470:
440:
437:
426:Esplanade Park
356:
353:
307:Stamford House
208:
205:
180:
177:
175:
172:
149:
148:
137:
133:
132:
118:Adaptive Reuse
99:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
51:
47:
46:
43:
39:
38:
35:
31:
30:
25:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2031:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1941:
1939:9971-947-97-8
1935:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1901:981-4155-63-2
1897:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1882:
1878:
1876:9971-65-231-5
1872:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1809:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1753:
1748:
1747:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1724:Modernisation
1721:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1620:
1619:
1618:The New Paper
1614:
1613:"Team splits"
1608:
1605:
1600:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1534:. p. S8.
1533:
1532:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1411:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1367:
1364:
1358:
1355:
1352:New buildings
1349:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1278:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1261:
1260:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1243:
1235:
1232:
1228:. p. H5.
1227:
1226:
1218:
1215:
1211:. p. H3.
1210:
1209:
1201:
1198:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1156:. p. 12.
1155:
1154:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1077:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1011:
1007:
1000:
993:
990:
985:
984:
976:
973:
968:
967:
959:
957:
953:
947:
946:
942:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
905:
902:
901:
897:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
852:chapel (1932)
851:
848:
845:
841:
838:
835:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
781:Novena Church
779:
773:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
722:
719:
716:
713:
712:Raffles Place
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
671:
668:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
648:
645:
642:
639:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
598:
595:
592:
589:
587:23 Amber Road
586:
583:
580:
577:
576:
571:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
550:
547:
544:
543:Masjid Sultan
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
513:Raffles Hotel
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
480:
476:
471:
469:
467:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:Stamford Road
446:
438:
436:
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:Sultan Mosque
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
369:
365:
364:Sultan Mosque
361:
354:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:Raffles Place
330:
327:
323:
322:Robinson Road
319:
315:
310:
308:
304:
303:downtown area
300:
296:
292:
284:
280:
279:Raffles Hotel
275:
271:
269:
265:
261:
260:Raffles Hotel
257:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
229:
225:
221:
218:
213:
206:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
179:Early history
178:
173:
171:
168:
164:
160:
155:
146:
143:.swanmaclaren
138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
92:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
26:
22:
16:
1981:Architecture
1929:
1910:
1885:
1866:
1858:Bibliography
1844:. Retrieved
1840:the original
1825:
1814:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1761:
1755:
1744:
1738:
1729:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1688:3rd Pavilion
1684:
1660:14 September
1658:. Retrieved
1653:
1644:
1635:
1623:. Retrieved
1616:
1607:
1597:– via
1591:. Retrieved
1584:
1575:
1566:
1555:
1549:
1540:
1529:
1523:
1518:New building
1514:
1509:New hospital
1505:
1496:
1474:– via
1468:. Retrieved
1461:
1452:
1440:. Retrieved
1436:
1427:
1416:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1372:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1309:
1297:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1257:
1251:
1240:
1234:
1223:
1217:
1206:
1200:
1190:11 September
1188:. Retrieved
1181:the original
1174:
1162:
1151:
1145:
1134:
1128:
1086:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1063:
1054:
1042:. Retrieved
1038:
1029:
1019:11 September
1017:. Retrieved
1010:the original
1005:
992:
981:
975:
969:. p. 3.
964:
844:Queen Street
834:Dunearn Road
823:(late 1970s)
789:(1923, 1974)
601:Orchard Road
533:(1952, 1983)
442:
430:
402:World Wars I
399:
381:businessman
372:
368:Kampong Glam
311:
288:
252:
240:Kuala Lumpur
233:
223:
219:
200:
192:
182:
167:crown colony
162:
158:
153:
152:
106:Urban Design
102:Architecture
80:Headquarters
34:Company type
15:
1599:NewspaperSG
1476:NewspaperSG
908:Ampang Road
898:In Malaysia
731:Liat Towers
708:John Little
597:Centrepoint
383:Eu Tong Sen
326:John Little
295:Scotts Road
228:clock tower
2003:Categories
1733:Renovation
1325:Rebuilding
943:References
725:Beach Road
649:(1920–21;
439:Since 1999
89:Key people
1993:Singapore
1846:1 January
1114:cite book
1106:898225266
904:Bok House
676:Building)
651:Neil Road
545:(1924–28)
527:(1961–66)
461:Ken Yeang
395:Neil Road
234:In 1897,
185:Singapore
66:Singapore
1836:Sun2Surf
1670:cite web
1470:31 March
1044:20 April
1006:Docomomo
422:Cenotaph
377:for the
281:, now a
197:surveyor
98:Services
72:Founders
42:Industry
24:Formerly
1967:Portals
1625:8 March
1593:8 March
1442:7 March
1069:6 March
906:(1929;
832:(1934;
770:(1999;
739:(1928;
710:(1907;
688:(1929;
636:(1927;
551:(1910;
466:tenders
379:Chinese
242:of the
220:(right)
174:History
136:Website
58: (
50:Founded
1936:
1917:
1898:
1873:
1104:
1094:
926:(1923)
916:(1929)
858:(1904)
783:(1950)
758:(1960)
733:(1979)
720:(1929)
698:(1935)
682:(1974)
630:(1928)
618:(1964)
612:(1919)
593:(1922)
561:(1924)
521:(1916)
515:(1899)
509:(1930)
503:(1900)
491:(1919)
485:(1905)
349:Gothic
224:(left)
1184:(PDF)
1171:(PDF)
1013:(PDF)
1002:(PDF)
948:Notes
375:villa
1934:ISBN
1915:ISBN
1896:ISBN
1871:ISBN
1848:2008
1676:link
1662:2007
1627:2023
1595:2023
1472:2023
1444:2023
1192:2007
1120:link
1102:OCLC
1092:ISBN
1071:2023
1046:2022
1021:2007
674:HSBC
404:and
215:The
161:and
145:.com
60:1887
53:1887
762:MPH
582:AIA
455:'s
393:on
366:in
343:on
331:in
270:).
191:as
141:www
64:in
2005::
1894:.
1834:.
1672:}}
1668:{{
1652:.
1615:.
1583:.
1484:^
1460:.
1435:.
1318:^
1173:.
1116:}}
1112:{{
1100:.
1062:.
1037:.
1004:.
955:^
922:,
406:II
397:.
387:$
187:,
1969::
1942:.
1923:.
1904:.
1879:.
1850:.
1819:.
1766:.
1749:.
1678:)
1664:.
1629:.
1601:.
1560:.
1478:.
1446:.
1421:.
1245:.
1194:.
1122:)
1108:.
1073:.
1048:.
1023:.
880:)
846:)
842:(
836:)
817:)
774:)
743:)
727:)
714:)
692:)
669:)
653:)
640:)
603:)
599:(
555:)
285:.
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
