52:$ 1,225,705.09 ($ 35.1 million in 2023 dollars) and fled. One of his assistants was indicted in 1841 for embezzling $ 609,525.71 of the sum, and, according to Swartwout's trustee, a federal court further reduced the amount by $ 435,052.21, leaving the remaining amount which Swartwout claimed he owed. Swartwout forfeited his personal property to meet the deficit and returned to the United States in 1841 after federal officials assured him that they would not prosecute him.
44:. Nine years later, Swartwout left office at the expiration of his term in 1838, retaining $ 201,096.40 with which to pay any pending claims that might be brought against him. He then went to England to raise money on his coal property before ensuring that his account at the customhouse was closed. After he left the country, or perhaps before, his account was "adjusted" by a subordinate and possibly by his successor, through the instigation of President
80:, to investigate the allegations of fraud and embezzlement in the Collector's Office. The committee's report found overwhelming evidence of massive corruption. However, President Tyler had made the political mistake of failing to secure the approval of
92:
It is believed that
Swartwout's story is the origin of the term "Swartwouted out", which has since come to define the embezzlement of a large sum of money from the United States government and subsequent escape to a foreign nation to escape punishment.
59:
to replace
Swartwout and to take corrective measures to prevent any future problems in the Collector's office. However, in 1841, allegations began to circulate that Hoyt had also been embezzling, and Hoyt was removed by Van Buren on February 27.
592:
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for the creation of the
Poindexter committee; the Congress, miffed at what it viewed as an usurpation of its powers, repudiated President Tyler's action in creating the commission.
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351:"NEW-YORK'S CUSTOMS OFFICERS.; THE COLLECTORS, NAVAL OFFICERS, AND SURVEYORS SINCE THE FOUNDATION OF THE GOVERNMENT"
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Jackson, Andrew; Smith, Sam B.; Owsley, Harriet Fason
Chappell; Moser, Harold D. (1980).
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was a political scandal in 1829. It arose from corruption in the Office of the
191:
Political
Corruption in America: An Encyclopedia of Scandals, Power, and Greed
69:
56:
415:
The Papers of Henry Clay: The Whig Leader, January 1, 1837-December 31, 1843
294:
The
Swartwout Chronicles 1338-1899 and the Ketelhuyn Chronicles 1451-1899
49:
453:
The
Adventures of Samuel Swartwout in the Age of Jefferson and Jackson
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There was also something of a "scandal with the scandal." President
260:
The
Almanac of Political Corruption, Scandals, and Dirty Politics
300:. New York: Trow Directory, Printing and Bookbinding Company |
72:
appointed a special three-person committee, headed by
Senator
531:: Republican Congressional Committee. 1880. p.
593:Political corruption scandals in the United States
188:
110:
556:Cengage Advantage Books: The American Pageant
263:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 73.
8:
55:President Martin Van Buren then appointed
48:. It was then alleged that Swartwout had
553:Kennedy, David; Cohen, Lizabeth (2012).
152:The Papers of Andrew Jackson: 1825-1828
101:
608:Political scandals in New York (state)
524:Republican Campaign Text Book for 1880
7:
494:. Carleton, Publisher. p. 258.
384:. Xlibris Corporation. p. 222.
603:Collectors of the Port of New York
491:The Old Merchants of New York City
378:Carstens, Patrick Richard (2013).
291:Weise, M.A., Arthur James (1899).
237:Texas State Historical Association
14:
559:. Cengage Learning. p. 247.
195:. Grey House Publishing. p.
42:Collector of the Port of New York
22:Collector of the Port of New York
227:Brunson, B. R. (15 June 2010).
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381:The Republic of Canada Almost
420:University Press of Kentucky
450:Brunson, Billy Ray (1989).
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598:1838 in the United States
109:Schultz, Jeffrey (1999).
613:1838 in New York (state)
488:Barrett, Walter (1865).
157:Univ. of Tennessee Press
64:Scandal with the scandal
187:Grossman, Mark (2008).
18:Swartwout-Hoyt scandal
117:. CQ Press. pp.
113:Presidential Scandals
412:Clay, Henry (2015).
302:Library of Congress
229:"SWARTWOUT, SAMUEL"
32:In 1829, President
458:Edwin Mellen Press
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328:The New York Times
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78:Mississippi
587:Categories
97:References
70:John Tyler
57:Jesse Hoyt
36:appointed
28:Background
50:embezzled
538:10 March
507:10 March
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