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partners open the closed position entirely, so that their only points of connection are at their touching hips and arm contact, wherein the leader's right hand and arm touch the follower's back and the follower's left hand and arm touch the leader's shoulder and arm. Both partners then swing their free arms as they would in solo
Charleston. In both jockey and side-by-side Charleston, the leader steps back onto their left foot, while the follower steps back onto their right. In tandem Charleston, one partner stands in front of the other (usually the follower, though the arrangement may vary), both face in the same direction to start, and both begin by stepping back onto the left foot. The partner behind holds the front partner's hands, and their joined arms swing backwards and forwards, as in the basic step.
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543:©) developed in the 1980s, reputedly from a French form of Jive. Modern Jive is not technically of the Jive family, which typically use a 6-count pattern of various combinations of walking and triple steps (Ballroom Jive – back/replace triple-triple; Swing Jive – triple-triple back/replace), etc. It is pared down to a simple box step and concentrates on the simpler forms of couple dance styling, gauged to provide a social atmosphere rather than technical aptitude. There are debates about whether it is a form of swing dancing due to lack of syncopations, rhythmic footwork variations, a static partner dynamic, and lack of swinging music, amongst the swing community at large, but they do consider themselves a style of swing.
306:. The earliest form of the dance (often called "Pure Balboa") evolved in the mostly conservative dance halls of southern California where space was limited and strict codes of conduct were enforced. These dance halls usually prohibited the wild kicks of the Charleston and Lindy Hop. Pure Balboa is characterized by an upright posture with partners standing chest to chest. Step variations generally play with the rhythm or look and feel (style) from below the knee downwards and deal with changes in direction. Balboa is frequently danced to fast
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This is the first time a version of “swing” dance was termed “hand-dance/hand-dancing”. DC Hand-Dance is characterized by very smooth footwork and movements, and close-in and intricate hand-turns, danced to a 6-beat, 6-count dance rhythm. The more modern footwork consists of smooth and continuous floor contact, sliding and gliding-type steps versus hopping and jumping-type steps of the older style which stylistically still held elements of its
Jitterbug/Lindy Hop roots, and there are no aerials.
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include other steps in 8-count and 6-count rhythms. The name "Lindy Hop" is often attributed to "Shorty" George
Snowden during an interaction with a newspaper writer who asked him what kind of dance they were doing. Because Charles Lindbergh had just made his famous solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean, Shorty George is said to have replied, "the Lindy Hop." Whether it was Shorty George who coined the name is disputed by some writers, but, in any case, the name stuck. The
553:, rock-and-roll is very popular in Australia and danced socially as well as competitively and in performances. The style has a long association with Lindy Hop in that country, as many of the earliest Lindy Hoppers in the early 1990s moved to Lindy Hop from a rock-and-roll tradition. There are ongoing debates about whether rock-and-roll constitutes swing dancing, particularly in reference to the music to which it is danced: there is some debate as to whether or not it
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335:(or "Shag") is done primarily to uptempo swing and sometimes pre-swing jazz music (185–200+ BPM). It is believed that the dance originated in the Carolinas in the 1920s, later spreading across the United States during the 1930s. The shag is still danced today by swing dance enthusiasts worldwide. Shag is believed to have been the first and most popular swing dance of the original swing era
318:, both are considered to be a part of the dance. Bal-Swing evolved from Balboa when original Balboa dancers experimented with fancier variations of the dance which forced the chest to chest connection to be broken. In this form of Balboa a variety of spins, turns, dips, tricks, and even air steps are introduced.
563:– Popular in Europe, acrobatic rock'n'roll is popularly associated with Russian gymnasts who took up the dance, though it is popular throughout Europe today. It is a performance dance and sport rather than a social dance, though there are people who remove the acrobatic stunts to dance it on a social level.
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competitions, in contrast, demand spontaneity and lead/follow communications. Pre-choreographed dance patterns are prohibited and are penalized if discovered. Strictly swing competition feature dance couples performing to the randomly selected music. In the Jack-and-Jill category the couples are also
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originated around
Washington, DC in the mid-1950s, and a new generation of dancers started innovating and dancing to Motown music. From its very beginning, DC Hand-dance was referred to and called “DC Hand-Dance/Hand-Dancing”, “DC Swing”, “DC Style” (swing) and “fast dance” (meaning DC Hand-Dance).
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in St Louis. George Edick, who owned the club, let teenagers dance on the lower level and the swing dancers of the time taught them what was learned from their trips to the east coast. As people traveled around, they added parts of west coast, bop and
Carolina shag to complement the dance and make it
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Swing dancing was most popular in the 1930s and 1940s, but it still continues today. Dance moves have evolved with the music. Swing dancing styles are the foundation of many other dance styles including disco, country line dancing, and hip hop. Swing dancing clubs and contests are still held around
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evolved in the early 1930s. It is a dance of
African American origin characterized by a high degree of physical vigor. It is characterized by an 8-count basic, the "swingout", that transitions from open position through closed position and back. It has an emphasis on improvisation and the ability to
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forms of swing dance developed in the 1940s and 1950s. They are slotted swing dances, danced to a wide variety of music including blues, pop, jazz, and rock and roll. Similar to West Coast Swing, they emphasize the closed position, double resistance/rock step, and lead-follow and also incorporate
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with smooth (not bouncy) foot styling from West Coast Swing. Slotted dancing was introduced to
Imperial Swing in the late 1970s and has completely replaced the original dancing in the round. Imperial Swing shares the same core moves with West Coast Swing: the starter (or basic) step, the
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music. It is popular today in Europe, and was considered by some to be the
European counterpart to East Coast Swing, a 6-count dance standardized for the American ballroom industry. It is danced to rock music of various kinds, blues or boogie woogie music but usually not to jazz. As the dance has
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is danced partnered or solo, often to faster music. It
Charleston includes a number of positions, including side-by-side, hand-to-hand, and tandem. In "jockey position", the closed position is opened out so that both partners may face forward, without breaking apart. In side-by-side Charleston,
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In West Coast Swing the competitions are divided into sections by level of experience. The levels are
Newcomer, Novice, Intermediate, Advanced and All-Star. There is no official system in the United States to ensure that couples dance at the appropriate level of experience. The World Swing Dance
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Most competition dance floors can only hold about 12 couples dancing at a time. If the number of participants is larger than what the floor can hold, the competition will hold qualifying rounds. Once they get to 24 couples there will then be the quarterfinal round (2 separate rounds of about 12
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or dancing or "Country Western Swing Dancing" (C/W Swing) has a distinct culture, with classes and instructional videos on YouTube and DVD teaching dips, lifts, aerials and flips. It adds variations from other country dances, swing styles, salsa and more. As the name suggests, it is most often
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is both a partner dance and a "called" circle dance that originated in the Afro-American community of the United States in the beginning of the 20th century. The dance that eventually became known as the Big Apple is speculated to have been created in the early 1930s by African-American youth
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is a dance of International Style Ballroom dancing. It is a very upbeat dance in which the performers look to be hopping off the ground. It initially was based on Eastern swing taken to England by American Troops in World War II and evolved before becoming the now standardized form of
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dance studios in the 1940s. It is also known as Six-count Swing, Triple-Step Swing, or Single-Step Swing. East Coast Swing has very simple structure and footwork along with basic moves and styling. It is popular for its simple nature and is often danced to slow, medium, or fast tempo
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The American Bop Association (ABA) is a non-profit corporation of 34 member swing dance clubs who are dedicated to the preservation and promotion of the broad range of dance and music styles more commonly known as bop, all forms of swing, jitterbug, and shag.
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was danced along the strands between Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, and Wilmington, North Carolina, during the 1940s but, during the 1990s and later, has expanded to many other places. It is most often associated with
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is any form of swing dance, though it is often used as a synonym for the six-count derivative of Lindy Hop called "East Coast Swing". It was also common to use the word to identify a kind of dancer (i.e., a
356:, Missouri. St. Louis Shag features a stationary 8-count basic that is most commonly composed of triple-step, kick, triple-step, kick. It is a very fast closed position dance that is usually done to
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in Harlem was the home of the Lindy Hop. As its popularity increased, professional troupes were formed. These troupes toured the United States and Europe performing versions of the Lindy Hop.
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has long been the name for jazz-influenced western music of the 1940s and, by extension, two-step, line dancing or swing dance done to such music. Contemporary 21st century
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was developed in the 1940s, as a stylistic variation on the Los Angeles style of the Lindy Hop. It is a slotted dance and is done to a wide variety of music including:
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1377:"DanceSport - Competition Guides - For the Competitor - USADance.org." DanceSport - Competition Guides - For the Competitor - USADance.org. Accessed April 10, 2015.
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417:, blues, or rock and roll. Occasionally, Rockabilly, aka Rock-a-billy, is mistaken for East Coast Swing, but Rockabilly is more closely related to Western Swing.
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is a simpler 6-count variation that spawned from the six-count variations of the Lindy Hop. It evolved with swing-band music of the 1940s and the work of the
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244:). A "jitterbug" might prefer to dance Lindy Hop, Shag, or any of the other swing dances. The term was famously associated with swing era band leader
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Swing dancing falls under the American Rhythm category. There are several different categories at competitions depending on what type of dance you do.
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This dance was a partnered version of the Big Apple, which is also believed to have originated in the Carolinas of the Southern United States.
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developed, it has also taken to 8-count variations and swing outs similar to Lindy Hop, while keeping the original boogie woogie footwork.
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The term "swing dancing" is often extended to include other dances that do not have certain characteristics of traditional swing dances:
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231:"Swing dance" was not commonly used to identify a group of dances until the latter half of the 20th century. Historically, the term
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Spring, Howard. Swing and the Lindy Hop: Dance, Venue, Media, and Tradition. Vol. 15. University of Illinois Press, 1997. 183-207.
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Spring, Howard. Swing and the Lindy Hop: Dance, Venue, Media, and Tradition. Vol. 15. University of Illinois Press, 1997. 183-207
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is a cross between East Coast and West Coast Swing. Imperial Swing uses the triple step footwork from East Coast Swing, but is a
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intricate arm work. Slow Whip is a variation on Whip/Push that is danced to slow blues music, typically 60 BPM or slower.
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because, as he put it, " look like a bunch of jitterbugs out there on the floor due to their fast, often bouncy movements."
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each), then the semifinal (1 round of about 12), and finally the final round (1 round, usually 6 or 7 couples).
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1418:"'Speaking a secret language': West Coast Swing as a community of practice of informal and incidental learners"
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distinctive. "The Imperial" has elements of "East Coast", "West Coast", "Carolina Shag" and "Bop".
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crossover or side pass, the sugar push (or patty-cake) and the whip. It started at the
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and Rock 'n' Roll in Europe add these dances to their local swing dance cultures.
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referred to the style of jazz music, which inspired the evolution of the dance.
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music in the 1920s–1940s, with the origins of each dance predating the popular "
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213:. Today, the best-known of these dances is the Lindy Hop, which originated in
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Judging for competition is based on the three "T's" as well as showmanship.
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is a British variant of the Jive, popular in the 1950s and 1960s, danced to
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The swing dance competitions use one of the few formats ("categories"):
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There is no points system for the majority of Lindy Hop competitions.
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http://usadance.org/dancesport/competition-guides/for-the-competitor/
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WSDC Points Registry Rules – World Swing Dance Council, March 2019.
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in the early 1930s. While the majority of swing dances began in
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of all points attained at different levels of competition.
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860:. United States: Human Kinetics, Inc. pp. 13–214.
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dancing at the Big Apple Club, which was at the former
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Evita and Michael at 2011 Catalina Swing Dance Festival
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Peter Loggins and Mia Goldsmith swing dancing at the
1458:– DanceCal, a list of Swing camps and weekend events
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developed originally in the 1940s, with the rise of
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Original forms dating from the 1920s and early 1930s
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Derivatives of swing dance from the 1940s and 1950s
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1392:"On Judging, Part 3: Swing Judging Philosophy 101"
340:Forms dating from the late 1930s and early 1940s
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631:are formats that are close to the ones used in
348:(or "Shag") is a dance that evolved out of the
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1094:"You just got in a group and followed along"
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1197:"The History of Swing Dancing | zZounds"
991:. Temple University Press. p. 230.
988:Frankie Manning: Ambassador of Lindy Hop
945:Frankie Manning: Ambassador of Lindy Hop
948:. Temple University Press. p. 46.
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310:(usually anything from 180 to 320
1173:"Swing History origins of Swing Dance"
598:San Francisco Sunday Streets: Valencia
854:Christine Zona, Chris George (2008).
7:
1133:from the original on 1 November 2007
47:adding citations to reliable sources
1516:Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater
389:called the "Big Apple Night Club".
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1470:– World Swing Dance Council WSDC
888:The Beautiful Times (May 2011).
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2459:Dance in mythology and religion
34:needs additional citations for
1092:Wilkinson, Jeff (2003-08-25),
658:randomly selected and rotated.
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1521:American Negro Ballet Company
16:Group of dances tied to jazz
1422:Research in Dance Education
1416:Callahan, Jamie L. (2005).
1058:(Arkansas) 25 July 1929: 5
790:Martin, Ryan (2014-03-05),
451:, R& B, and funk music.
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1153:Interview With Betty Wood
1021:""Shorty" George Snowden"
985:Manning, Frankie (2007).
942:Manning, Frankie (2007).
758:. Cheltenham Swing Dance.
464:country and western music
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1056:Blytheville Courier News
813:"What is swing dancing?"
756:"WHAT IS SWING DANCING?"
383:Columbia, South Carolina
379:House of Peace Synagogue
185:that developed with the
567:Washington Hand Dancing
226:African-American dances
1505:African-American dance
1247:Imperial Swing Dancing
1245:Culver, Henry (2007).
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561:Acrobatic Rock'n'Roll
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158:, New York City, U.S.
2424:Dance and disability
1054:“Shag Latest Dance”
770:"What is Lindy Hop?"
43:improve this article
2469:Dance on television
1356:Swing Dance America
1352:"Competition Rules"
1271:"ImperialSwing.com"
921:www.lindycircle.com
894:The Beautiful Times
793:The Rebirth of Shag
590:Swing dancing today
551:rock and roll music
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1221:"Global Swing DJS"
1025:www.savoystyle.com
736:Herräng Dance Camp
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381:on Park Street in
293:Charleston (dance)
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58:"Swing" dance
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2401:Wallis and Futuna
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1126:Big Apple History
1071:. StreetSwing.com
1019:Pritchett, Judy.
496:, North Carolina.
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890:"Swing dance"
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505:
504:slotted dance
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481:Carolina Shag
479:
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474:boogie woogie
471:
470:Boogie-woogie
468:
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459:Country Swing
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455:Western Swing
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410:Arthur Murray
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183:social dances
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135:Moore Theatre
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2545:Swing dances
2540:Social dance
2489:Dance troupe
2434:Dance awards
2329:Pontic Greek
2036:Dance theory
2026:Choreography
1992:
1938:Contemporary
1612:
1556:Breakdancing
1456:DanceCal.com
1425:
1421:
1396:. Retrieved
1386:
1359:. Retrieved
1355:
1346:
1334:
1329:, p. 8.
1322:
1317:, p. 7.
1310:
1299:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1265:
1246:
1240:
1229:. Retrieved
1225:the original
1215:
1204:. Retrieved
1200:
1177:. Retrieved
1167:
1157:, retrieved
1152:
1150:Jitterbuzz,
1145:
1135:, retrieved
1125:
1123:Guest, Dan,
1118:
1108:, retrieved
1104:the original
1097:
1073:. Retrieved
1063:
1055:
1050:
1041:
1029:. Retrieved
1024:
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
987:
980:
971:
959:. Retrieved
944:
937:
925:. Retrieved
923:. 10/17/2005
920:
915:Guest, Dan.
910:
898:. Retrieved
893:
883:
871:. Retrieved
856:
849:
837:. Retrieved
828:
816:. Retrieved
807:
797:, retrieved
792:
764:
750:
726:Norma Miller
693:
685:
682:
674:
666:
650:
628:
624:
619:
605:
601:
393:Little Apple
265:Hand Dancing
250:
246:Cab Calloway
242:swing dancer
241:
232:
230:
178:
177:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2319:Philippines
2304:Netherlands
2294:Middle East
1846:Table dance
1811:Go go dance
1791:Competitive
1608:Stick dance
1593:Set de flo'
1296:americanbop
1027:. 1995-2006
896:. wordpress
731:Swing Rueda
611:Competition
603:the world.
533:Modern Jive
486:beach music
277:Modern Jive
179:Swing dance
122:Swing dance
2535:Dancesport
2519:Categories
2386:Uzbekistan
2154:Azerbaijan
2063:Musicality
2031:Connection
1988:Postmodern
1958:Historical
1841:Striptease
1836:Pole dance
1786:Ceremonial
1741:slow dance
1583:Juba dance
1526:Buck dance
1398:2012-11-04
1361:2022-10-14
1301:2023-06-18
1276:October 7,
1231:2014-02-19
1206:2022-10-14
1179:2008-03-22
1159:2007-11-04
1137:2007-11-04
1110:2007-11-04
1075:2008-09-28
1031:6 February
1004:6 February
961:6 February
927:6 February
900:6 February
873:6 February
839:October 7,
818:October 7,
799:2022-10-14
742:References
462:danced to
387:juke joint
350:Charleston
223:vernacular
199:Charleston
69:newspapers
2391:Venezuela
2354:Sri Lanka
2349:Singapore
2309:Nicaragua
2239:Indonesia
2144:Australia
2013:Technique
1911:formation
1826:Lap dance
1618:Tap dance
1598:Slow drag
1588:Lindy Hop
1571:Strutting
1462:NASDE.com
1442:1464-7893
1099:The State
527:trad jazz
523:Skip Jive
449:cool jazz
374:Big Apple
354:St. Louis
322:Lindy Hop
316:Bal-Swing
237:Jitterbug
207:Lindy Hop
195:swing era
189:style of
2406:Zimbabwe
2359:Thailand
2284:Malaysia
2269:Kiribati
2179:Cameroon
2174:Cambodia
2164:Bulgaria
2139:Assyrian
2108:national
2103:Regional
2083:Spotting
2078:Sequence
2056:glossary
2003:Two-step
1948:Flamenco
1933:Breaking
1928:Boogaloo
1906:Ballroom
1851:Twerking
1816:Grinding
1801:Ecstatic
1603:Stepping
1566:Boogaloo
1546:Get down
1531:Cakewalk
1131:archived
699:See also
670:Registry
625:Showcase
490:Bo Bryan
154:1920's,
99:May 2019
2416:Related
2396:Vietnam
2369:Ukraine
2279:Kurdish
2249:Ireland
2229:Hungary
2219:Georgia
2204:Denmark
2194:Croatia
2159:Belarus
2149:Austria
2134:Armenia
2124:Albania
2088:Turnout
1973:Lyrical
1953:Hip-hop
1796:Concert
1721:Partner
1690:Outline
1576:Popping
1561:Locking
1410:Sources
645:aerials
629:classic
616:Formats
441:hip hop
83:scholar
2364:Turkey
2344:Serbia
2339:Russia
2334:Romani
2324:Poland
2289:Mexico
2254:Israel
2224:Greece
2209:Europe
2184:Canada
2119:Africa
2110:dances
2068:Pointe
2041:Graham
2021:Ballet
1978:Modern
1901:Ballet
1888:Styles
1873:Street
1868:Sacred
1806:Erotic
1778:Social
1766:square
1751:contra
1746:circle
1440:
1394:. 2012
1292:"Home"
1253:
1175:. 1996
995:
952:
864:
663:Levels
643:, and
555:swings
519:today.
445:smooth
368:music.
364:, and
300:Balboa
215:Harlem
209:, and
203:Balboa
156:Harlem
151:Origin
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2299:Nepal
2274:Korea
2264:Japan
2259:Italy
2234:India
2189:China
2093:Turns
2051:Moves
1993:Swing
1983:Polka
1968:Latin
1923:Belly
1916:waltz
1761:round
1685:Index
1674:Dance
1623:Vogue
1613:Swing
690:Heats
641:drops
637:lifts
582:Texas
541:Ceroc
537:LeRoc
425:blues
358:stomp
233:swing
187:swing
143:Genre
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1963:Jazz
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