425:
25:
1199:
1256:
1074:
365:
1240:
1297:
35:
1102:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1160:
1090:
1022:
1084:
1079:
1316:
557:
457:
761:
1015:
575:
1326:
746:
634:
614:
358:
1233:
1061:
93:
1290:
1109:
441:
50:
65:
771:
265:
822:
582:
72:
1336:
351:
956:
1341:
1226:
1131:
619:
453:
404:
1283:
894:
624:
542:
399:
79:
724:
740:
570:
61:
860:
679:
649:
963:
951:
552:
512:
157:
134:
1331:
1167:
1153:
719:
629:
537:
433:
394:
975:
837:
654:
609:
601:
507:
207:
wearing certain types of ascetic clothing "as if this gave him righteousness" and condemning others
326:
842:
734:
709:
532:
469:
465:
152:
of the synod condemned the
Manichaeans for their actions, and declared many of their practices
1126:
1096:
1068:
751:
714:
424:
287:
149:
1267:
1210:
86:
796:
756:
517:
449:
235:
899:
332:
276:
338:
992:
980:
968:
644:
445:
388:
1310:
1001:
801:
776:
502:
329:
The Greek and Latin texts (with dictionary lookup links) at www.earlychurchtexts.com.
1321:
1206:
1029:
704:
588:
1263:
852:
791:
766:
671:
527:
483:
374:
202:
145:
24:
925:
920:
729:
461:
229:
184:
1147:
915:
689:
562:
522:
299:
130:). The exact date is contested, but is generally agreed to be the year 340.
119:
946:
254:
827:
786:
699:
684:
661:
547:
409:
196:
168:
153:
42:
1008:
930:
476:
225:
177:
163:
The canons of the synod condemned and anathematised the practices of:
832:
806:
694:
639:
127:
123:
1198:
141:
1182:: † mainly a Tengrist text but recorded in a Manichaean monastery
333:
The
Synodal Letter, Canons and Epilogue of the Council of Gangra.
327:
The
Synodal Letter, Canons and Epilogue of the Council of Gangra.
414:
1255:
347:
343:
192:
distributing church revenues without the consent of the bishop
18:
210:
women wearing men's clothing under the pretense of asceticism
201:
reviling married persons and the celebration of
Christian
156:. The synod also spoke against the beliefs and actions of
222:
women cutting off their hair "from pretended asceticism"
1271:
1214:
189:
condemning normal church services and holding their own
46:
183:
arguing that married priests could not perform valid
1140:
1119:
991:
939:
908:
887:
851:
815:
670:
600:
493:
432:
381:
335:
An
English translation at www.earlychurchtexts.com.
133:The synod was arranged with 14 bishops and led by
300:"Church Fathers: Synod of Gangra (4th Century)"
1291:
1234:
359:
8:
1075:Manichaean stone reliefs of Shangwan village
51:introducing citations to additional sources
173:forbidding the eating of most forms of meat
1298:
1284:
1241:
1227:
366:
352:
344:
195:remaining celibate for reasons other than
1056:Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 8259
1051:Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 6368
1046:Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4979
1041:Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4974
1036:Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4959
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1161:Story of the Twin Dragons of Great Tang
247:
1103:Sermon on Mani's Teaching of Salvation
148:, and their practices. The concluding
122:church held in the fourth century, at
1085:Manichaean wall painting MIK III 6918
1080:Manichaean temple banner MIK III 6286
7:
1252:
1250:
1195:
1193:
1023:Episodes from Mani's Missionary Work
747:Huichang Persecution of Manichaeism
558:Incomplete scripture of Manichaeism
277:Fourth Century Christianity website
1270:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1213:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
576:Sogdian-language Manichaean letter
228:on a Sunday under the pretense of
14:
216:parents abandoning their children
1254:
1197:
635:Two Principles and Three Moments
423:
255:Johns Hopkins University website
34:relies largely or entirely on a
23:
266:Oxford University Press website
1110:Veneration of the Tree of Life
442:Seven treatises of Manichaeism
219:children leaving their parents
1:
339:Council of Gangra at ccel.org
1091:Painting of the Buddha Jesus
1062:Mani's Community Established
583:Xiapu Manichaean manuscripts
213:women leaving their husbands
1317:4th-century church councils
288:Biblical Cyclopedia website
1358:
1249:
1192:
1132:Manichaean (Unicode block)
620:Zarathustra in Manichaeism
421:
1177:
625:The Buddha in Manichaeism
543:Dunhuang Manichaean texts
1327:340s in the Roman Empire
1016:Diagram of the Universe
741:Three Persian religions
571:Turpan Manichaean texts
1266:-related article is a
1209:-related article is a
650:Xroshtag and Padvaxtag
553:Manichaean Compendium
513:Manichaean Psalm Book
458:The Book of Mysteries
180:to flee their masters
158:Eustathius of Sebaste
135:Eusebius of Nicomedia
118:was a council of the
16:Christian Synod (340)
1168:The Secret of Heaven
1154:The Gardens of Light
772:Abū Hilāl al-Dayhūri
630:Jesus in Manichaeism
538:Medinet Madi library
167:the condemnation of
47:improve this article
838:Chinese Manichaeism
610:Father of Greatness
508:Fundamental Epistle
234:refusing to honour
1337:Christianity stubs
964:Flying Road Pagoda
952:Puxi Fushou Palace
645:Messenger of Light
615:Prince of Darkness
533:Cologne Mani-Codex
470:Psalms and Prayers
466:The Book of Giants
1342:Manichaeism stubs
1279:
1278:
1222:
1221:
1187:
1186:
1127:Manichaean script
1097:Sealstone of Mani
304:www.newadvent.org
236:Christian martyrs
112:
111:
97:
62:"Synod of Gangra"
1349:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1258:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1201:
1194:
1009:Book of Pictures
984:
972:
960:
797:Uyghur Khaganate
762:East-West Schism
757:Sergius-Tychicus
518:Psalms of Thomas
477:Book of Pictures
450:Treasure of Life
427:
368:
361:
354:
345:
314:
313:
311:
310:
296:
290:
285:
279:
274:
268:
263:
257:
252:
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
27:
19:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1248:
1247:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1173:
1136:
1115:
987:
978:
966:
954:
935:
904:
883:
847:
811:
782:Synod of Gangra
666:
596:
495:
489:
428:
419:
377:
372:
323:
318:
317:
308:
306:
298:
297:
293:
286:
282:
275:
271:
264:
260:
253:
249:
244:
116:Synod of Gangra
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1355:
1353:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1259:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1202:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1120:Writing system
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1069:Mani's Parents
1065:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
997:
995:
989:
988:
986:
985:
973:
961:
949:
943:
941:
937:
936:
934:
933:
928:
923:
918:
912:
910:
906:
905:
903:
902:
897:
891:
889:
885:
884:
882:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
857:
855:
849:
848:
846:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
823:See of Babylon
819:
817:
813:
812:
810:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
676:
674:
668:
667:
665:
664:
659:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
606:
604:
598:
597:
595:
594:
593:
592:
580:
579:
578:
568:
567:
566:
560:
555:
550:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
499:
497:
494:Extracanonical
491:
490:
488:
487:
480:
473:
446:Gospel of Mani
438:
436:
430:
429:
422:
420:
418:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
385:
383:
379:
378:
373:
371:
370:
363:
356:
348:
342:
341:
336:
330:
322:
321:External links
319:
316:
315:
291:
280:
269:
258:
246:
245:
243:
240:
239:
238:
232:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
199:
193:
190:
187:
181:
174:
171:
110:
109:
45:. Please help
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1354:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1003:
1002:Birth of Mani
999:
998:
996:
994:
990:
982:
977:
976:Leshan Temple
974:
970:
965:
962:
958:
953:
950:
948:
945:
944:
942:
938:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
911:
907:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
886:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
862:
859:
858:
856:
854:
850:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
820:
818:
814:
808:
805:
803:
802:Cangnan Stele
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
742:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
677:
675:
673:
669:
663:
660:
658:
657:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
607:
605:
603:
599:
591:
590:
586:
585:
584:
581:
577:
574:
573:
572:
569:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
503:New Testament
501:
500:
498:
492:
486:
485:
481:
479:
478:
474:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
440:
439:
437:
435:
431:
426:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
390:
387:
386:
384:
380:
376:
369:
364:
362:
357:
355:
350:
349:
346:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
324:
320:
305:
301:
295:
292:
289:
284:
281:
278:
273:
270:
267:
262:
259:
256:
251:
248:
241:
237:
233:
231:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
204:
200:
198:
194:
191:
188:
186:
182:
179:
175:
172:
170:
166:
165:
164:
161:
159:
155:
154:anathematised
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
36:single source
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1272:expanding it
1261:
1215:expanding it
1207:Christianity
1204:
1189:
1179:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1108:
1101:
1089:
1067:
1060:
1030:Icon of Mani
1028:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1000:
888:Commandments
853:Organisation
781:
739:
705:Shad Ohrmazd
655:
589:Moni Guangfo
587:
482:
475:
454:The Epistles
307:. Retrieved
303:
294:
283:
272:
261:
250:
162:
139:
132:
115:
113:
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
33:
1332:Manichaeism
1264:Manichaeism
979: [
967: [
955: [
895:Three Seals
792:Persecution
767:Amr ibn Adi
752:Bögü Qaghan
528:Xuastvanift
484:Shabuhragan
405:Zarathustra
375:Manichaeism
203:love-feasts
146:Manichaeans
126:(in modern
103:August 2021
1311:Categories
1141:In fiction
993:Visual art
926:Repentance
921:Evangelism
900:Pañcavidyā
843:Miqlāsiyya
777:Lü Shinang
730:Hegemonius
725:Aphthonius
496:literature
462:Pragmateia
309:2009-09-10
242:References
230:asceticism
185:sacraments
144:condemned
73:newspapers
1148:Ming Cult
940:Buildings
916:Eucharist
874:Presbyter
865:Patriarch
690:Mar Sisin
563:Irk Bitig
523:Kephalaia
434:Scripture
400:Sakyamuni
391:(Founder)
120:Christian
43:talk page
861:Archegos
828:Denawars
787:Lin Deng
700:Mar Adda
695:Mar Zaku
685:Mar Ammo
680:Apostles
662:Asrestar
602:Theology
548:Xiabuzan
410:Narayana
382:Prophets
197:holiness
169:marriage
931:Fasting
909:Rituals
880:Hearers
868:Apostle
720:Agapius
715:Faustus
672:History
226:fasting
176:urging
87:scholar
947:Cao'an
871:Bishop
833:Astati
807:Qianku
735:Marcus
656:Archon
640:Gnosis
178:slaves
150:canons
128:Turkey
124:Gangra
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
1262:This
1205:This
1180:Notes
983:]
971:]
959:]
877:Elect
816:Sects
395:Jesus
142:synod
94:JSTOR
80:books
1268:stub
1211:stub
710:Mihr
415:Seth
389:Mani
140:The
114:The
66:news
1322:340
160:.
49:by
1313::
981:zh
969:zh
957:zh
468:,
464:,
460:,
456:,
452:,
448:,
302:.
137:.
1299:e
1292:t
1285:v
1274:.
1242:e
1235:t
1228:v
1217:.
565:†
472:)
444:(
367:e
360:t
353:v
312:.
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
53:.
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
