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A total of 177 SC convoys ran during the campaign, totalling 6,806 ships. Only 3 failed to complete the passage: SC 52 suffered an attack shortly after leaving port, and was forced to return; and SC 62 and SC 63 were both scattered by appalling weather conditions which forced those ships to proceed
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Of these formations, 29 (around 20%) were attacked; they saw the loss of 145 ships ( though this number does not include stragglers, perhaps the same number again) and a further 18 lost in marine accidents (perhaps 340 in total; around 5%).
512:
53:
For a time after the entry of the United States into the war the point of origin was switched to New York City, but congestion problems there resulted in a further move, this time to
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As these were slow convoys, composed of ships making 8 knots or less, they were correspondingly more vulnerable, and witnessed a disproportionate number of attacks.
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463:
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SC convoys ran from August 1940 until May 1945, although they were suspended during the summer of 1944 when a number of escort groups were diverted to cover the
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The SC convoys were the subject of some of the major battles of the campaign. Of the 40 convoys which lost 6 or more ships, 11 of them were SC series.
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were damaged two warships were sunk one damaged and nine ships were sunk during 14–18 October 1941 convoy. 14 ships lost in 3 days.
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were sunk by reinforcements coming to the aid of the weak
Canadian escort for this September 1941 convoy. 14 ships lost in 3 days.
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by the Allied navies to avoid confusion with Sydney, Australia); from there they sailed to ports in the UK, mainly
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94:. Attacked in October 1940, 20 ships were sunk in the worst day's shipping losses of the entire campaign.
426:
History of United States Naval
Operations in World War II, Volume I The Battle of the Atlantic 1939–1943
212:
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447:. Derek Masters (trans.) (2nd revised, expanded ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
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in August 1942 marked the beginning of the climactic North
Atlantic convoy battles following the 2nd
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223:. Attacked in May 1943, this convoy was successfully defended, seeing the destruction of 5
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231:'s son Peter Dönitz without losing any ships. This action culminated the period known as
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series, which ran as Fast or Slow convoys, and whose sizes were effectively doubled.
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25:
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Naval battles and operations of World War II involving the United
Kingdom
43:. The Royal Canadian Navy base responsible for the Sydney operations was
211:. Attacked in March 1943, this action, which converged with that around
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50:. The first convoy, SC 1, departed Sydney Harbour on 15 August 1940.
57:, Nova Scotia. However, the SC designation was retained throughout.
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gale. Only 76 of the 275 crewmen of the sunken ships were rescued.
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Guardian of the Gulf: Sydney, Cape Breton, and the
Atlantic wars
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20:
were a series of North
Atlantic convoys that ran during the
386:
The
Atlantic campaign: the great struggle at sea, 1939–1945
235:, which saw the withdrawal from the North Atlantic by the
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lost 15 ships in
November 1942 including five torpedoed by
64:. During this period all east-bound traffic sailed in the
215:, was the largest convoy battle of the Atlantic campaign.
199:. Attacked in March 1943 after being scattered by a
409:. St Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing Ltd.
462:Tennyson, Brian Douglas; Sarty, Roger F. (2000).
31:They were east-bound slow convoys originating in
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319:
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179:Siegfried Freiherr von Forstner was awarded the
428:. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois.
513:Naval battles of World War II involving Canada
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256:
35:, Nova Scotia, Canada (designated as Sydney,
8:
443:Rohwer, JĂĽrgen; HĂĽmmelchen, Gerhard (1992).
468:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
191:transporting American troops to Iceland.
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493:North Atlantic convoys of World War II
445:Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945
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280:
85:Some notable SC convoy battles were:
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406:The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945
388:. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
14:
187:torpedoed seven ships including
181:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
508:Military history of Nova Scotia
424:Morison, Samuel Eliot (2001).
175:. Attacked in February 1943.
1:
356:Rohwer & HĂĽmmelchen 1992
320:Rohwer & HĂĽmmelchen 1992
296:Rohwer & HĂĽmmelchen 1992
130:off the American east coast.
534:
384:van der Vat, Dan (1988).
269:Tennyson & Sarty 2000
257:Tennyson & Sarty 2000
227:and the death of Admiral
138:lost seven ships while
498:Battle of the Atlantic
403:Hague, Arnold (2000).
159:Siegfried von Forstner
22:battle of the Atlantic
259:, pp. 232, 290.
310:, pp. 317–322.
283:, pp. 133–134.
503:Cape Breton Island
475:978-0-8020-4492-1
454:978-1-55750-105-9
435:978-0-252-06963-5
416:978-1-861-76147-7
395:978-0-340-37751-2
62:Normandy landings
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189:Henry R. Mallory
146:in October 1942.
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177:Kapitänleutnant
156:Kapitänleutnant
140:Escort Group B6
114:. One of eight
72:independently.
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26:World War II
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237:German navy
229:Karl Dönitz
37:Cape Breton
487:Categories
378:References
332:Hague 2000
281:Hague 2000
128:Happy Time
45:HMCS
18:SC convoys
233:Black May
183:when his
142:sank two
47:Protector
41:Liverpool
201:Force 10
225:U-boats
144:U-boats
116:U-boats
104:U-boats
55:Halifax
24:during
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220:SC 130
213:HX 229
208:SC 122
196:SC 121
172:SC 118
151:SC 107
135:SC 104
102:. Two
33:Sydney
244:Notes
185:U-402
164:U-402
123:SC 94
111:SC 48
99:SC 42
470:ISBN
449:ISBN
430:ISBN
411:ISBN
390:ISBN
91:SC 7
16:The
161:'s
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288:^
66:HX
28:.
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167:.
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