1310:. The rapidly rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes, along with its strong correlation to heart disease and other health complications has rendered it an area of intense research with an urgent need for treatment options. Studies monitoring blood glucose levels in rabbits revealed that the activity of G6Pase, and therefore G6PT1, is increased in specimens with diabetes. This strong correlation with diabetes type 2 makes the G6Pase complex, and G6PT1 in particular, an appealing drug target for control of blood glucose levels as its inhibition would directly prevent the release of free glucose into the bloodstream. It is possible that this mechanism of inhibition could be developed into a treatment for diabetes.
1161:. The enzyme is made up of three separate transporting subunits referred to as G6PT1 (subunit 1), G6PT2 (subunit 2) and G6PT3 (subunit 3). While the hydrolyzing component of the G6Pase complex is located on the side of the membrane on which it acts, namely facing the lumen, the translocases are all integral membrane proteins in order to perform their function as cross-membrane transporters. The translocases are spatially located on either side of the active site of the hydrolyzing component within the membrane, which allows the greatest speed and facility of the reaction.
250:
227:
124:
149:
508:
501:
5760:
256:
155:
1226:
2108:
Kure S, Suzuki Y, Matsubara Y, Sakamoto O, Shintaku H, Isshiki G, et al. (July 1998). "Molecular analysis of glycogen storage disease type Ib: identification of a prevalent mutation among
Japanese patients and assignment of a putative glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene to chromosome 11".
1201:
are transported back into the cytosol by G6PT2 and G6PT3, respectively. While the exact chemistry of the enzyme remains unknown, studies have shown that the mechanism of the enzyme complex is highly dependent upon the membrane structure. For instance, the
1141:
levels. Within this framework of glucose regulation, the translocase components are responsible for transporting the substrates and products across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, resulting in the release of free glucose into the bloodstream.
1261:
in glucose production through gluconeogenesis or glycogenolysis, and without its function these two processes could not occur. This inhibition holds great potential in drug development (discussed in "Medical and
Disease Relevance").
1270:
in inhibition, rendering them poor drug candidates. Since the late 1990s, natural products have been increasingly studied as potent and specific inhibitors of G6PT1. Prominent examples of natural inhibitors include mumbaistatin and
1210:, suggesting that G6PT1 alone provides the high specificity for the overall reaction by selective transport into the lumen, where hydrolysis occurs. Supporting evidence for this proposed reaction includes the marked decrease in
2535:
Galli L, Orrico A, Marcolongo P, Fulceri R, Burchell A, Melis D, et al. (October 1999). "Mutations in the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT) gene in patients with glycogen storage diseases type 1b and 1c".
1797:
Bräuer S, Almstetter M, Antuch W, Behnke D, Taube R, Furer P, Hess S (Mar–Apr 2005). "Evolutionary chemistry approach toward finding novel inhibitors of the type 2 diabetes target glucose-6-phosphate translocase".
2470:
Hou DC, Kure S, Suzuki Y, Hasegawa Y, Hara Y, Inoue T, et al. (September 1999). "Glycogen storage disease type Ib: structural and mutational analysis of the microsomal glucose-6-phosphate transporter gene".
1562:
Parker JC, VanVolkenburg MA, Levy CB, Martin WH, Burk SH, Kwon Y, et al. (October 1998). "Plasma glucose levels are reduced in rats and mice treated with an inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate translocase".
2259:
Ihara K, Kuromaru R, Hara T (October 1998). "Genomic structure of the human glucose 6-phosphate translocase gene and novel mutations in the gene of a
Japanese patient with glycogen storage disease type Ib".
2036:
Narisawa K, Igarashi Y, Otomo H, Tada K (August 1978). "A new variant of glycogen storage disease type I probably due to a defect in the glucose-6-phosphate transport system".
1206:
of the enzyme for glucose-6-phosphate decreases significantly upon membrane disruption. The originally proposed mechanism of the G6Pase system involved a relatively unspecific
1754:
Arion WJ, Wallin BK, Lange AJ, Ballas LM (February 1975). "On the involvement of a glucose 6-phosphate transport system in the function of microsomal glucose 6-phosphatase".
263:
162:
2297:
Ihara K, Takabayashi A, Terasaki K, Hara T (1999). "Assignment1 of glucose 6-phosphate translocase (G6PT1) to human chromosome band 11q23.3 by in situ hybridization".
5801:
2673:
2433:
Janecke AR, Bosshard NU, Mayatepek E, Schulze A, Gitzelmann R, Burchell A, et al. (March 1999). "Molecular diagnosis of type 1c glycogen storage disease".
1955:"Inhibition of tubulogenesis and of carcinogen-mediated signaling in brain endothelial cells highlight the antiangiogenic properties of a mumbaistatin analog"
5694:
4053:
741:
85:
2618:"Molecular analysis in glycogen storage disease 1 non-A: DHPLC detection of the highly prevalent exon 8 mutations of the G6PT1 gene in German patients"
722:
5094:
1266:
inhibitors, such as mercaptopicolinic acid and diazobenzene sulfonate have some degree of inhibiting potential for G6PT1 but systematically lack
1177:, and finally release of glucose (which will eventually reach the bloodstream), as a step in glycogenolysis or gluconeogenesis. G6PT1 transports
3959:
2575:"A novel missense mutation (P191L) in the glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene identified in a Chinese family with glycogen storage disease 1b"
5820:
5489:
5015:
1429:
1411:
5347:
3215:
2884:
2334:
Gerin I, Veiga-da-Cunha M, Noël G, Van
Schaftingen E (February 1999). "Structure of the gene mutated in glycogen storage disease type Ib".
2007:
Chou JY, Matern D, Mansfield BC, Chen YT (March 2002). "Type I glycogen storage diseases: disorders of the glucose-6-phosphatase complex".
2651:
2140:"A gene on chromosome 11q23 coding for a putative glucose- 6-phosphate translocase is mutated in glycogen-storage disease types Ib and Ic"
2484:
5794:
4357:
3851:
2777:
2772:
2697:
2666:
1013:
249:
5743:
5644:
4811:
3773:
3071:
2985:
2742:
1020:
226:
3575:
1545:
2502:"The putative glucose 6-phosphate translocase gene is mutated in essentially all cases of glycogen storage disease type I non-a"
5835:
3836:
2912:
2757:
1398:
1377:
1314:
5684:
3311:
5830:
5787:
5664:
5659:
5630:
4171:
3735:
3537:
3532:
2659:
2634:
2617:
148:
123:
2591:
2574:
1394:
1203:
1632:
Hill A, Waddell ID, Hopwood D, Burchell A (May 1989). "The microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme of human gall-bladder".
3730:
3725:
3720:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3480:
1373:
5056:
4858:
4658:
5654:
65:
3646:
262:
161:
4626:
4505:
4209:
255:
154:
5825:
4578:
3081:
2690:
5235:
4891:
3384:
5639:
3527:
1836:
Lee TS, Das A, Khosla C (August 2007). "Structure-activity relationships of semisynthetic mumbaistatin analogs".
5423:
2226:"Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding a candidate glycogen storage disease type 1b protein in rodents"
5689:
3511:
3278:
1303:
1267:
1170:
790:
73:
5380:
1229:
Figure 1: Schematic representation of
Glucose-6-Phosphate Translocase within the Glucose-6-Phosphatase Complex
3907:
5649:
5281:
3010:
1874:
Charkoudian, LK, et al. (April 2012). "Natural product inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphate translocase".
771:
767:
56:, G6PT1, G6PT2, G6PT3, GSD1b, GSD1c, GSD1d, TRG-19, TRG19, PRO0685, solute carrier family 37 member 4, CDG2W
2138:
Veiga-da-Cunha M, Gerin I, Chen YT, de Barsy T, de Lonlay P, Dionisi-Vici C, et al. (October 1998).
5625:
5461:
5147:
4332:
4257:
3651:
3522:
3517:
3091:
2693:
1724:
Parker, JC (2001). "Glucose-6-phosphate translocase as a target for the design of antidiabetic agents".
1349:
1211:
1151:
1106:
137:
5722:
5717:
3684:
3086:
1496:
Annabi B, Hiraiwa H, Mansfield BC, Lei KJ, Ubagai T, Polymeropoulos MH, et al. (February 1998).
1449:"Sequence of a putative glucose 6-phosphate translocase, mutated in glycogen storage disease type Ib"
1150:
Glucose-6-phosphate translocase is a transmembrane protein providing a selective channel between the
52:
5314:
3020:
2795:
1198:
1178:
1174:
973:
969:
965:
961:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
905:
901:
893:
889:
874:
870:
866:
862:
3076:
2604:
2561:
2458:
2322:
2285:
2212:
1984:
1779:
1657:
1478:
1337:
1318:
1258:
97:
977:
897:
858:
507:
500:
2500:
Veiga-da-Cunha M, Gerin I, Chen YT, Lee PJ, Leonard JV, Maire I, et al. (September 1999).
5217:
5212:
4560:
4555:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4407:
4397:
4387:
4382:
4372:
4347:
4153:
4138:
4133:
3755:
3750:
3745:
2639:
2616:
Santer R, Rischewski J, Block G, Kinner M, Wendel U, Schaub J, Schneppenheim R (August 2000).
2596:
2553:
2523:
2488:
2450:
2421:
2386:
2351:
2314:
2277:
2247:
2204:
2181:
Marcolongo P, Barone V, Priori G, Pirola B, Giglio S, Biasucci G, et al. (October 1998).
2169:
2126:
2096:
2067:"Localisation of the gene for glycogen storage disease type 1c by homozygosity mapping to 11q"
2053:
2024:
1976:
1935:
1853:
1815:
1771:
1706:
1649:
1580:
1527:
1470:
1329:
1272:
1246:
1126:
45:
5771:
5471:
5438:
5405:
5395:
5362:
5357:
5291:
5172:
5124:
5114:
5071:
5035:
5030:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4935:
4925:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4741:
4726:
4721:
4706:
4673:
4640:
4550:
4510:
4267:
4239:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4191:
4186:
4034:
4030:
4021:
3979:
3803:
3793:
3783:
3715:
3661:
3595:
3580:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3255:
3156:
3151:
3121:
3045:
3040:
3035:
2962:
2365:"Inactivation of the glucose 6-phosphate transporter causes glycogen storage disease type 1b"
93:
5767:
5759:
5517:
3618:
3356:
3346:
3331:
3293:
3288:
3106:
3030:
2957:
2682:
2629:
2586:
2545:
2513:
2480:
2442:
2411:
2376:
2343:
2306:
2269:
2237:
2194:
2159:
2151:
2118:
2086:
2078:
2045:
2016:
1966:
1925:
1917:
1883:
1845:
1807:
1763:
1733:
1696:
1688:
1641:
1614:
1572:
1546:"Entrez Gene: SLC37A4 Solute carrier family 37 (glycerol-6-phosphate transporter), member 4"
1517:
1509:
1460:
1250:
342:
273:
217:
172:
5601:
2686:
1186:
1154:
1122:
1114:
1094:
317:
2164:
2139:
2091:
2066:
1930:
1905:
1701:
1676:
1522:
1497:
1263:
1254:
1242:
1219:
1110:
2549:
2347:
2199:
2182:
1465:
1448:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
5814:
5617:
2049:
1988:
1971:
1954:
1138:
536:
2608:
2565:
2462:
2326:
2289:
2216:
1482:
1447:
Gerin I, Veiga-da-Cunha M, Achouri Y, Collet JF, Van
Schaftingen E (December 1997).
77:
1783:
1737:
1661:
1618:
1306:
is a disease characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose levels, even when
1291:
1279:) and chlorogenic acid. Other natural product inhibitors of G6PT1 are found in the
335:
114:
1169:
Each of the translocase subunits performs a specific function in the transport of
101:
5240:
4696:
4292:
3493:
1692:
1576:
1434:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1416:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1134:
1130:
418:
5676:
4834:
2183:"Structure and mutation analysis of the glycogen storage disease type 1b gene"
2065:
Fenske CD, Jeffery S, Weber JL, Houlston RS, Leonard JV, Lee PJ (April 1998).
1849:
1333:
1302:
1) Excessive activity of G6PT1 may contribute to the development of diabetes.
1215:
1190:
234:
131:
81:
2416:
2399:
2242:
2225:
2020:
5613:
2518:
2501:
2485:
10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19990917)86:3<253::AID-AJMG11>3.0.CO;2-7
1645:
1374:
ENSG00000281500 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137700, ENSG00000281500
1233:
Figure 1 illustrates the role of G6P-Translocase within the G6Pase complex.
1207:
686:
478:
356:
301:
288:
200:
187:
89:
2643:
2600:
2557:
2527:
2492:
2454:
2425:
2390:
2381:
2364:
2355:
2122:
2028:
1980:
1939:
1857:
1819:
1710:
1117:. The G6Pase complex is most abundant in liver tissue, but also present in
2446:
2318:
2281:
2273:
2251:
2208:
2173:
2130:
2100:
1653:
1584:
1531:
1474:
1060:
1055:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5129:
4746:
4487:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4417:
4412:
4402:
4392:
4377:
4367:
4362:
4352:
4342:
4337:
4327:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4148:
4143:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
3873:
3740:
3067:
2082:
2057:
1775:
1322:
1257:. Inhibitors of G6PT1 are the most studied as this subunit catalyzes the
1102:
1044:
816:
1953:
Tahanian E, Lord-Dufour S, Das A, Khosla C, Roy R, Annabi B (May 2010).
1811:
1498:"The gene for glycogen-storage disease type 1b maps to chromosome 11q23"
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5499:
5494:
5466:
5443:
5433:
5428:
5400:
5390:
5385:
5352:
5296:
5286:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5119:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5076:
5066:
5061:
5038:
5025:
5020:
4954:
4949:
4940:
4930:
4901:
4896:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4840:
4816:
4793:
4736:
4731:
4716:
4711:
4701:
4678:
4668:
4663:
4635:
4630:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4302:
4297:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4262:
4234:
4229:
4181:
4176:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4016:
4007:
3998:
3993:
3984:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3918:
3913:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3798:
3788:
3778:
3710:
3666:
3656:
3628:
3623:
3600:
3590:
3585:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3490:
3485:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3419:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3366:
3361:
3260:
3250:
3245:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
2967:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
1887:
1767:
1307:
1225:
1194:
1182:
1158:
802:
753:
17:
2310:
1921:
1101:
Complex (G6Pase). This important enzyme complex is located within the
5698:
4787:
4322:
3869:
3351:
3341:
3336:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3283:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3116:
3111:
3101:
3096:
3063:
3025:
3015:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2894:
2889:
2840:
2830:
2825:
2767:
2762:
2752:
2747:
1118:
1080:
1028:
708:
2635:
10.1002/1098-1004(200008)16:2<177::AID-HUMU13>3.0.CO;2-8
2592:
10.1002/1098-1004(200007)16:1<94::AID-HUMU26>3.0.CO;2-Q
2155:
1513:
3846:
3841:
2995:
2835:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
1280:
1224:
2573:
Lam CW, Chan KY, Tong SF, Chan BY, Chan YT, Chan YW (July 2000).
2400:"Transmembrane topology of human glucose 6-phosphate transporter"
671:
667:
5329:
5324:
5319:
3220:
1098:
1087:
69:
5599:
5538:
5263:
5095:
System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino-acid transporter
4769:
3941:
3462:
2724:
2709:
2655:
1321:, in humans. A common symptom of this disease is a build-up of
516:
1328:
3) G6PT1 activity contributes to the survival of cells during
2363:
Hiraiwa H, Pan CJ, Lin B, Moses SW, Chou JY (February 1999).
2224:
Lin B, Annabi B, Hiraiwa H, Pan CJ, Chou JY (November 1998).
1241:
Many inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphate translocase of novel,
1133:. The G6Pase complex is highly involved in the regulation of
1325:
in the liver and kidney causing enlargement of the organs.
560:
glucose 6-phosphate:inorganic phosphate antiporter activity
2743:
high affinity glutamate and neutral amino-acid transporter
1097:, each of which are vital components of the multi-enzyme
3189:
cationic amino-acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
325:
5775:
3214:
glycoprotein-associated/light or catalytic subunits of
1605:
Parker, JC (2004). "Glucose-6-phosphatase inhibitors".
1245:
or natural origin are known and of medical importance.
1193:
by the catalytic subunit of G6Pase. After hydrolysis,
555:
glucose-6-phosphate transmembrane transporter activity
490:
5348:
Na-independent, system-L like amino-acid transporter
596:
integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane
5675:
5612:
5510:
5482:
5454:
5416:
5373:
5340:
5307:
5274:
5228:
5140:
5087:
5049:
5008:
4884:
4851:
4827:
4804:
4780:
4689:
4651:
4619:
4571:
4498:
4250:
4202:
4164:
4046:
3952:
3900:
3862:
3829:
3766:
3677:
3639:
3611:
3568:
3504:
3473:
3377:
3304:
3271:
3182:
3056:
2978:
2905:
2876:
2788:
2735:
2111:
2038:
1313:2) The absence of a functional G6PT1 enzyme causes
991:
954:
888:
851:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1369:
1367:
1365:
272:
171:
1109:, and catalyzes the terminal reactions in both
1904:American Diabetes Association (January 2012).
1869:
1867:
1395:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032114
5795:
2667:
1906:"Standards of medical care in diabetes--2012"
1253:of G6PT1 have been developed and utilized in
8:
1831:
1829:
4054:organic cation/anion/zwitterion transporter
1899:
1897:
5802:
5788:
5609:
5596:
5535:
5271:
5260:
4777:
4766:
3949:
3938:
3576:human Na-sulfate/carboxylate cotransporter
3470:
3459:
2732:
2721:
2717:
2706:
2674:
2660:
2652:
1275:, kodaistatin (harvested from extracts of
1189:of the endoplasmic reticulum, where it is
885:
682:
532:
313:
212:
109:
2633:
2590:
2517:
2415:
2380:
2241:
2198:
2163:
2090:
1970:
1929:
1700:
1675:van Schaftingen E, Gerin I (March 2002).
1521:
1464:
1749:
1747:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
4172:Na+-dependent ascorbic acid transporter
1361:
3960:Organic anion-transporting polypeptide
1557:
1555:
26:
5016:proton-coupled amino-acid transporter
3216:heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
2885:heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
1073:Glucose-6-phosphate exchanger SLC37A4
627:phosphate ion transmembrane transport
277:
238:
233:
176:
135:
130:
7:
5756:
5754:
3481:proton coupled metal ion transporter
2473:American Journal of Medical Genetics
1838:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
1129:and at a lower concentration in the
5057:sugar-phosphate/phosphate exchanger
4659:facilitative nucleoside transporter
2404:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2398:Pan CJ, Lin B, Chou JY (May 1999).
2369:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2230:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1756:Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
5774:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
4859:type II Na-phosphate cotransporter
3072:sodium:neurotransmitter symporters
2506:European Journal of Human Genetics
2144:American Journal of Human Genetics
1959:Chemical Biology & Drug Design
1800:Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry
1677:"The glucose-6-phosphatase system"
1502:American Journal of Human Genetics
988:
951:
848:
826:
807:
781:
758:
732:
713:
570:transmembrane transporter activity
495:
413:
351:
330:
25:
4812:Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
3774:Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
3647:proton oligopeptide cotransporter
1083:that in humans is encoded by the
5758:
1972:10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.00961.x
1315:glycogen storage disease type Ib
506:
499:
453:extensor digitorum longus muscle
261:
254:
248:
225:
160:
153:
147:
122:
4627:Na-coupled nucleoside transport
4506:multifunctional anion exchanger
3837:vesicular monoamine transporter
1077:glucose-6-phosphate translocase
2299:Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics
1738:10.1358/dof.2001.026.07.858712
1619:10.1358/dof.2004.029.10.863393
606:endoplasmic reticulum membrane
586:integral component of membrane
517:More reference expression data
479:More reference expression data
1:
5490:multidrug and toxin extrusion
4579:fatty acid transport proteins
2796:facilitative GLUT transporter
2550:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01248-X
2348:10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00614-3
2200:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01129-6
1466:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01463-4
1298:Medical and disease relevance
622:glucose-6-phosphate transport
246:
145:
5821:Genes on human chromosome 11
5236:basolateral iron transporter
4892:nucleoside-sugar transporter
3385:sodium bile salt cotransport
2986:sodium glucose cotransporter
2050:10.1016/0006-291X(78)91371-2
2691:membrane transport proteins
2071:Journal of Medical Genetics
1577:10.2337/diabetes.47.10.1630
5852:
5753:
5424:Putative sugar transporter
2009:Current Molecular Medicine
1317:, commonly referred to as
1014:Chr 11: 119.02 – 119.03 Mb
461:sternocleidomastoid muscle
391:mucosa of transverse colon
5739:
5608:
5595:
5545:
5534:
5270:
5259:
4776:
4765:
3948:
3937:
3469:
3458:
2731:
2720:
2716:
2705:
1850:10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.019
1693:10.1042/0264-6021:3620513
1430:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1412:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1059:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1027:
1008:
995:
958:
947:
912:
855:
844:
833:
829:
814:
810:
801:
788:
784:
765:
761:
752:
739:
735:
720:
716:
707:
692:
685:
681:
665:
632:glucose metabolic process
535:
531:
514:
498:
489:
476:
425:
416:
363:
354:
324:
316:
312:
295:
282:
245:
224:
215:
211:
194:
181:
144:
121:
112:
108:
63:
60:
50:
43:
38:
34:
29:
5744:solute carrier disorders
5381:Choline-like transporter
3512:electroneutral cation-Cl
2417:10.1074/jbc.274.20.13865
2243:10.1074/jbc.273.48.31656
2021:10.2174/1566524024605798
1634:The Journal of Pathology
1304:Diabetes mellitus type 2
465:tibialis anterior muscle
5282:Magnesium transporter E
2913:bicarbonate transporter
2519:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200366
1681:The Biochemical Journal
1646:10.1002/path.1711580111
1284:Chaetomium carinthiacum
1249:for synthesizing novel
1021:Chr 9: 44.31 – 44.31 Mb
647:transmembrane transport
433:vastus lateralis muscle
5836:Membrane protein stubs
5770:–related article is a
5677:Antiporter (exchanger)
2382:10.1074/jbc.274.9.5532
2123:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8985
1230:
642:carbohydrate transport
437:triceps brachii muscle
403:skeletal muscle tissue
5831:Solute carrier family
5148:metal ion transporter
4258:mitochondrial carrier
3908:type III Na-phosphate
2447:10.1007/s004390050948
2274:10.1007/s004390050856
1350:Solute carrier family
1228:
1212:substrate specificity
1152:endoplasmic reticulum
1107:endoplasmic reticulum
1099:Glucose-6-Phosphatase
1093:It consists of three
601:endoplasmic reticulum
138:Chromosome 11 (human)
2083:10.1136/jmg.35.4.269
1916:(Suppl 1): S11–S63.
550:transporter activity
395:gastrocnemius muscle
240:Chromosome 9 (mouse)
5315:Ammonia transporter
4210:Na/(Ca-K) exchanger
2410:(20): 13865–13869.
2236:(48): 31656–31660.
1726:Drugs of the Future
1607:Drugs of the Future
1288:Bauhinia magalandra
1277:Aspergillus terreus
1199:inorganic phosphate
1179:Glucose-6-Phosphate
637:glucose homeostasis
565:antiporter activity
379:islet of Langerhans
367:right lobe of liver
102:SLC37A4 - orthologs
5462:Folate transporter
2883:heavy subunits of
1888:10.1039/C2MD20008B
1768:10.1007/BF01732001
1319:von Gierke disease
1259:rate limiting step
1247:Genetic algorithms
1231:
1204:Michaelis Constant
791:ENSMUSG00000032114
615:Biological process
579:Cellular component
543:Molecular function
457:left lobe of liver
5826:Membrane proteins
5783:
5782:
5751:
5750:
5735:
5734:
5731:
5730:
5591:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5530:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5250:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4756:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3449:
2683:Membrane proteins
2311:10.1159/000015167
1922:10.2337/dc12-s011
1876:Med. Chem. Commun
1844:(15): 5207–5218.
1812:10.1021/cc049867+
1687:(Pt 3): 513–532.
1613:(10): 1025–1033.
1571:(10): 1630–1636.
1127:pancreatic islets
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1039:
1038:
1004:
1003:
985:
984:
943:
942:
882:
881:
840:
839:
823:
822:
797:
796:
778:
777:
748:
747:
729:
728:
677:
676:
527:
526:
523:
522:
485:
484:
472:
471:
410:
409:
308:
307:
207:
206:
16:(Redirected from
5843:
5804:
5797:
5790:
5768:membrane protein
5762:
5755:
5710:
5709:
5708:
5610:
5597:
5536:
5518:Heme transporter
5272:
5261:
4778:
4767:
3950:
3939:
3619:urea transporter
3471:
3460:
2733:
2722:
2718:
2707:
2687:carrier proteins
2676:
2669:
2662:
2653:
2647:
2637:
2612:
2594:
2569:
2531:
2521:
2496:
2466:
2429:
2419:
2394:
2384:
2375:(9): 5532–5536.
2359:
2330:
2293:
2255:
2245:
2220:
2202:
2177:
2167:
2134:
2104:
2094:
2061:
2044:(4): 1360–1364.
2032:
1993:
1992:
1974:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1933:
1901:
1892:
1891:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1751:
1742:
1741:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1704:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1602:
1589:
1588:
1559:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1468:
1459:(2–3): 235–238.
1444:
1438:
1437:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1408:
1402:
1392:
1381:
1371:
1332:, which enables
1075:, also known as
1052:
1051:
1023:
1016:
999:
989:
980:
952:
948:RefSeq (protein)
938:
886:
877:
849:
827:
808:
782:
759:
733:
714:
683:
533:
519:
510:
503:
496:
481:
421:
419:Top expressed in
414:
375:body of pancreas
359:
357:Top expressed in
352:
331:
314:
304:
291:
280:
265:
258:
252:
241:
229:
213:
203:
190:
179:
164:
157:
151:
140:
126:
110:
104:
55:
48:
27:
21:
5851:
5850:
5846:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5841:
5840:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5808:
5752:
5747:
5727:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5671:
5634:
5604:
5579:
5541:
5522:
5506:
5478:
5450:
5412:
5369:
5336:
5303:
5266:
5247:
5224:
5136:
5083:
5045:
5004:
4880:
4847:
4823:
4800:
4772:
4753:
4685:
4647:
4615:
4567:
4494:
4246:
4198:
4160:
4042:
3944:
3925:
3896:
3858:
3825:
3762:
3685:monocarboxylate
3673:
3635:
3607:
3564:
3500:
3465:
3446:
3373:
3300:
3279:Na/Ca exchanger
3267:
3178:
3052:
2974:
2901:
2872:
2784:
2727:
2712:
2701:
2680:
2650:
2615:
2572:
2534:
2499:
2469:
2432:
2397:
2362:
2333:
2296:
2258:
2223:
2180:
2137:
2107:
2064:
2035:
2006:
2002:
2000:Further reading
1997:
1996:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1903:
1902:
1895:
1873:
1872:
1865:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1753:
1752:
1745:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1604:
1603:
1592:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1393:
1384:
1372:
1363:
1358:
1346:
1300:
1239:
1167:
1148:
1123:small intestine
1115:gluconeogenesis
1061:View/Edit Mouse
1056:View/Edit Human
1019:
1012:
1009:Location (UCSC)
997:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
772:ENSG00000281500
770:
768:ENSG00000137700
661:
652:gluconeogenesis
610:
574:
515:
505:
504:
477:
468:
463:
459:
455:
451:
449:muscle of thigh
447:
443:
441:proximal tubule
439:
435:
431:
417:
406:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
355:
299:
286:
278:
268:
267:
266:
259:
239:
216:Gene location (
198:
185:
177:
167:
166:
165:
158:
136:
113:Gene location (
64:
51:
44:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5849:
5847:
5839:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5806:
5799:
5792:
5784:
5781:
5780:
5763:
5749:
5748:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5705:
5687:
5681:
5679:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5668:
5667:
5662:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5628:
5622:
5620:
5606:
5605:
5600:
5593:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5539:
5532:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5514:
5512:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5497:
5486:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5477:
5476:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5458:
5456:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5344:
5342:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5278:
5276:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5225:
5223:
5222:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5091:
5089:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5053:
5051:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4978:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4855:
4853:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4843:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4808:
4806:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4784:
4782:
4774:
4773:
4770:
4763:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4638:
4623:
4621:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4575:
4573:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4050:
4048:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3956:
3954:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3935:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3910:cotransporter
3904:
3902:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:cotransporter
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3477:
3475:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3312:Na/H exchanger
3308:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2739:
2737:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2703:
2702:
2694:solute carrier
2681:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2656:
2649:
2648:
2622:Human Mutation
2613:
2579:Human Mutation
2570:
2544:(2): 255–258.
2532:
2512:(6): 717–723.
2497:
2479:(3): 253–257.
2467:
2441:(3): 275–277.
2435:Human Genetics
2430:
2395:
2360:
2342:(2): 189–195.
2331:
2305:(1–2): 50–51.
2294:
2268:(4): 493–496.
2262:Human Genetics
2256:
2221:
2193:(2): 247–250.
2178:
2156:10.1086/302068
2150:(4): 976–983.
2135:
2117:(2): 426–431.
2105:
2077:(4): 269–272.
2062:
2033:
2015:(2): 121–143.
2003:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1965:(5): 481–488.
1945:
1893:
1863:
1825:
1806:(2): 218–226.
1789:
1743:
1716:
1667:
1624:
1590:
1551:
1537:
1514:10.1086/301727
1508:(2): 400–405.
1488:
1439:
1421:
1403:
1382:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1345:
1342:
1299:
1296:
1264:Small-molecule
1255:drug discovery
1243:semi-synthetic
1238:
1235:
1218:upon membrane
1166:
1163:
1147:
1144:
1111:glycogenolysis
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1048:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
993:
992:
986:
983:
982:
956:
955:
949:
945:
944:
941:
940:
910:
909:
883:
880:
879:
853:
852:
846:
842:
841:
838:
837:
831:
830:
824:
821:
820:
812:
811:
805:
799:
798:
795:
794:
786:
785:
779:
776:
775:
763:
762:
756:
750:
749:
746:
745:
737:
736:
730:
727:
726:
718:
717:
711:
705:
704:
699:
694:
690:
689:
679:
678:
675:
674:
663:
662:
660:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
618:
616:
612:
611:
609:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
582:
580:
576:
575:
573:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
546:
544:
540:
539:
529:
528:
525:
524:
521:
520:
512:
511:
493:
487:
486:
483:
482:
474:
473:
470:
469:
467:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
423:
422:
411:
408:
407:
405:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
361:
360:
348:
347:
339:
328:
322:
321:
318:RNA expression
310:
309:
306:
305:
297:
293:
292:
284:
281:
276:
270:
269:
260:
253:
247:
243:
242:
237:
231:
230:
222:
221:
209:
208:
205:
204:
196:
192:
191:
183:
180:
175:
169:
168:
159:
152:
146:
142:
141:
134:
128:
127:
119:
118:
106:
105:
62:
58:
57:
49:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
31:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5848:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5816:
5805:
5800:
5798:
5793:
5791:
5786:
5785:
5779:
5777:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5761:
5757:
5746:
5745:
5738:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5712:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5657:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5618:Cotransporter
5615:
5611:
5607:
5603:
5598:
5594:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5537:
5533:
5519:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5509:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5481:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5453:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5415:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5372:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5306:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5280:
5279:
5277:
5273:
5269:
5262:
5258:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5227:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5007:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4826:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4807:
4803:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4768:
4764:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3940:
3936:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3461:
3457:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
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2745:
2744:
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2740:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2490:
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2478:
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2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
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2413:
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2396:
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2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:Diabetes Care
1907:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1882:(8): 926–31.
1881:
1877:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1732:(7): 687–93.
1731:
1727:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1338:proliferation
1335:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1234:
1227:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:blood glucose
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1000:
994:
990:
987:
981:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
957:
953:
950:
946:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
884:
878:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
854:
850:
847:
845:RefSeq (mRNA)
843:
836:
832:
828:
825:
819:
818:
813:
809:
806:
804:
800:
793:
792:
787:
783:
780:
774:
773:
769:
764:
760:
757:
755:
751:
744:
743:
738:
734:
731:
725:
724:
719:
715:
712:
710:
706:
703:
700:
698:
695:
691:
688:
684:
680:
673:
669:
664:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
619:
617:
614:
613:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
581:
578:
577:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
547:
545:
542:
541:
538:
537:Gene ontology
534:
530:
518:
513:
509:
502:
497:
494:
492:
488:
480:
475:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
427:
424:
420:
415:
412:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
365:
362:
358:
353:
350:
349:
346:
344:
340:
338:
337:
333:
332:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
303:
298:
294:
290:
285:
279:9|9 A5.2
275:
271:
264:
257:
251:
244:
236:
232:
228:
223:
219:
214:
210:
202:
197:
193:
189:
184:
174:
170:
163:
156:
150:
143:
139:
133:
129:
125:
120:
116:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
59:
54:
47:
42:
37:
33:
28:
19:
5776:expanding it
5765:
5741:
4837:transporter
4790:transporter
3876:transporter
3687:transporter
3070:- dependent
2625:
2621:
2582:
2578:
2541:
2538:FEBS Letters
2537:
2509:
2505:
2476:
2472:
2438:
2434:
2407:
2403:
2372:
2368:
2339:
2335:
2302:
2298:
2265:
2261:
2233:
2229:
2190:
2187:FEBS Letters
2186:
2147:
2143:
2114:
2110:
2074:
2070:
2041:
2037:
2012:
2008:
1962:
1958:
1948:
1913:
1909:
1879:
1875:
1841:
1837:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1762:(2): 75–83.
1759:
1755:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1684:
1680:
1670:
1640:(1): 53–56.
1637:
1633:
1627:
1610:
1606:
1568:
1564:
1540:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1456:
1453:FEBS Letters
1452:
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1406:
1327:
1312:
1301:
1292:streptomyces
1290:leaves, and
1287:
1283:
1276:
1240:
1232:
1168:
1149:
1119:kidney cells
1092:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1071:
996:
974:NP_001157752
970:NP_001157751
966:NP_001157750
962:NP_001157749
959:
936:NM_001378834
932:NM_001378833
928:NM_001378832
924:NM_001378831
920:NM_001378830
916:NM_001378829
913:
906:NM_001357730
902:NM_001357729
894:NM_001293631
890:NM_001293630
875:NM_001164280
871:NM_001164279
867:NM_001164278
863:NM_001164277
856:
834:
815:
789:
766:
740:
721:
701:
696:
445:human kidney
429:right kidney
387:human kidney
383:renal cortex
341:
334:
199:119,030,906
186:119,024,114
61:External IDs
4697:zinc efflux
1336:growth and
1268:specificity
1220:degradation
1135:homeostasis
1131:gallbladder
300:44,314,265
287:44,308,149
39:Identifiers
5815:Categories
5723:Cl-oxalate
5718:Cl-formate
5645:Na/glucose
4835:Acetyl-CoA
2628:(2): 177.
1401:, May 2017
1380:, May 2017
1356:References
1334:tumor cell
1294:bacteria.
1251:inhibitors
1237:Inhibitors
1216:hydrolysis
1191:hydrolyzed
1171:substrates
345:(ortholog)
82:HomoloGene
5742:see also
5614:Symporter
5602:Ion pumps
2585:(1): 94.
1989:205913311
1208:hydrolase
1185:into the
1181:from the
1165:Mechanism
1146:Structure
978:NP_001458
898:NM_008063
859:NM_001467
687:Orthologs
657:transport
90:GeneCards
5711:(Band 3)
5695:Na/(Ca-K
5265:SLC41–48
5218:SLC39A14
5213:SLC39A13
5208:SLC39A12
5203:SLC39A11
5198:SLC39A10
5130:SLC38A10
4771:SLC31–40
4747:SLC30A10
4561:SLC26A11
4556:SLC26A10
4488:SLC25A46
4483:SLC25A45
4478:SLC25A44
4473:SLC25A43
4468:SLC25A42
4463:SLC25A41
4458:SLC25A40
4453:SLC25A39
4448:SLC25A38
4443:SLC25A37
4438:SLC25A36
4433:SLC25A35
4428:SLC25A34
4423:SLC25A33
4418:SLC25A32
4413:SLC25A31
4408:SLC25A30
4403:SLC25A29
4398:SLC25A28
4393:SLC25A27
4388:SLC25A26
4383:SLC25A25
4378:SLC25A24
4373:SLC25A23
4368:SLC25A22
4363:SLC25A21
4358:SLC25A20
4353:SLC25A19
4348:SLC25A18
4343:SLC25A17
4338:SLC25A16
4333:SLC25A15
4328:SLC25A14
4323:SLC25A13
4318:SLC25A12
4313:SLC25A11
4308:SLC25A10
4154:SLC22A20
4149:SLC22A19
4144:SLC22A18
4139:SLC22A17
4134:SLC22A16
4129:SLC22A15
4124:SLC22A14
4119:SLC22A13
4114:SLC22A12
4109:SLC22A11
4104:SLC22A10
3943:SLC21–30
3874:thiamine
3756:SLC16A14
3751:SLC16A13
3746:SLC16A12
3741:SLC16A11
3736:SLC16A10
3464:SLC11–20
3068:chloride
2711:By group
2644:10923042
2609:20061331
2601:10874322
2566:41229244
2558:10518030
2528:10482962
2493:10482875
2463:42696446
2455:10323254
2426:10318794
2391:10026167
2356:10023055
2327:35304470
2290:26410800
2217:21464560
2029:11949931
1981:20486934
1940:22187469
1858:17524653
1820:15762749
1711:11879177
1565:Diabetes
1483:31851796
1397:–
1376:–
1344:See also
1323:glycogen
1175:products
1157:and the
1103:membrane
1095:subunits
1079:, is an
1045:Wikidata
666:Sources:
591:membrane
371:duodenum
5626:Na/K,Cl
5540:SLCO1–4
5500:SLC47A2
5495:SLC47A1
5472:SLC46A2
5467:SLC46A1
5444:SLC45A4
5439:SLC54A3
5434:SLC45A2
5429:SLC45A1
5406:SLC44A5
5401:SLC44A4
5396:SLC44A3
5391:SLC44A2
5386:SLC44A1
5363:SLC43A3
5358:SLC43A2
5353:SLC43A1
5297:SLC41A3
5292:SLC41A2
5287:SLC41A1
5241:SLC40A1
5193:SLC39A9
5188:SLC39A8
5183:SLC39A7
5178:SLC39A6
5173:SLC39A5
5168:SLC39A4
5163:SLC39A3
5158:SLC39A2
5153:SLC39A1
5125:SLC38A6
5120:SLC38A5
5115:SLC38A4
5110:SLC38A3
5105:SLC38A2
5100:SLC38A1
5077:SLC37A4
5072:SLC37A3
5067:SLC37A2
5062:SLC37A1
5036:SLC36A4
5031:SLC36A3
5026:SLC36A2
5021:SLC36A1
4998:SLC35E4
4993:SLC35E3
4988:SLC35E2
4983:SLC35E1
4974:SLC35D3
4969:SLC35D2
4964:SLC35D1
4955:SLC35C2
4950:SLC35C1
4941:SLC35B4
4936:SLC35B3
4931:SLC35B2
4926:SLC35B1
4917:SLC35A5
4912:SLC35A4
4907:SLC35A3
4902:SLC35A2
4897:SLC35A1
4874:SLC34A3
4869:SLC34A2
4864:SLC34A1
4841:SLC33A1
4817:SLC32A1
4794:SLC31A1
4742:SLC30A9
4737:SLC30A8
4732:SLC30A7
4727:SLC30A6
4722:SLC30A5
4717:SLC30A4
4712:SLC30A3
4707:SLC30A2
4702:SLC30A1
4679:SLC29A4
4674:SLC29A3
4669:SLC29A2
4664:SLC29A1
4641:SLC28A3
4636:SLC28A2
4631:SLC28A1
4609:SLC27A6
4604:SLC27A5
4599:SLC27A4
4594:SLC27A3
4589:SLC27A2
4584:SLC27A1
4551:SLC26A9
4546:SLC26A8
4541:SLC26A7
4536:SLC26A6
4531:SLC26A5
4526:SLC26A4
4521:SLC26A3
4516:SLC26A2
4511:SLC26A1
4303:SLC25A9
4298:SLC25A8
4293:SLC25A7
4288:SLC25A6
4283:SLC25A5
4278:SLC25A4
4273:SLC25A3
4268:SLC25A2
4263:SLC25A1
4240:SLC24A6
4235:SLC24A5
4230:SLC24A4
4225:SLC24A3
4220:SLC24A2
4215:SLC24A1
4192:SLC23A4
4187:SLC23A3
4182:SLC23A2
4177:SLC23A1
4099:SLC22A9
4094:SLC22A8
4089:SLC22A7
4084:SLC22A6
4079:SLC22A5
4074:SLC22A4
4069:SLC22A3
4064:SLC22A2
4059:SLC22A1
4035:SLCO6A1
4031:SLCO5A1
4022:SLCO4C1
4017:SLCO4A1
4008:SLCO3A1
3999:SLCO2B1
3994:SLCO2A1
3985:SLCO1C1
3980:SLCO1B4
3975:SLCO1B3
3970:SLCO1B1
3965:SLCO1A2
3919:SLC20A2
3914:SLC20A1
3890:SLC19A3
3885:SLC19A2
3880:SLC19A1
3852:SLC18A3
3847:SLC18A2
3842:SLC18A1
3819:SLC17A9
3814:SLC17A8
3809:SLC17A7
3804:SLC17A6
3799:SLC17A5
3794:SLC17A4
3789:SLC17A3
3784:SLC17A2
3779:SLC17A1
3731:SLC16A9
3726:SLC16A8
3721:SLC16A7
3716:SLC16A6
3711:SLC16A5
3706:SLC16A4
3701:SLC16A3
3696:SLC16A2
3691:SLC16A1
3667:SLC15A4
3662:SLC15A3
3657:SLC15A2
3652:SLC15A1
3629:SLC14A2
3624:SLC14A1
3601:SLC13A5
3596:SLC13A4
3591:SLC13A3
3586:SLC13A2
3581:SLC13A1
3558:SLC12A9
3553:SLC12A8
3548:SLC12A7
3543:SLC12A6
3538:SLC12A5
3533:SLC12A4
3528:SLC12A3
3523:SLC12A2
3518:SLC12A1
3491:SLC11A2
3486:SLC11A1
3420:SLC10A7
3415:SLC10A6
3410:SLC10A5
3405:SLC10A4
3400:SLC10A3
3395:SLC10A2
3390:SLC10A1
3367:SLC9A11
3362:SLC9A10
3261:SLC7A14
3256:SLC7A13
3251:SLC7A11
3246:SLC7A10
3172:SLC6A20
3167:SLC6A19
3162:SLC6A18
3157:SLC6A17
3152:SLC6A16
3147:SLC6A15
3142:SLC6A14
3137:SLC6A13
3132:SLC6A12
3127:SLC6A11
3122:SLC6A10
2726:SLC1–10
2319:9925924
2282:9856496
2252:9822626
2209:9781688
2174:9758626
2165:1377500
2131:9675154
2101:9598717
2092:1051271
1931:3632172
1784:6980137
1702:1222414
1662:2715249
1654:2547044
1585:9753303
1532:9463334
1523:1376902
1475:9428641
1399:Ensembl
1378:Ensembl
1330:hypoxia
1308:fasting
1273:analogs
1195:glucose
1183:cytosol
1159:cytosol
1105:of the
1085:SLC37A4
803:UniProt
754:Ensembl
693:Species
672:QuickGO
320:pattern
178:11q23.3
94:SLC37A4
78:1316650
53:SLC37A4
46:Aliases
30:SLC37A4
18:SLC37A4
4788:copper
3870:folate
3357:SLC9A9
3352:SLC9A8
3347:SLC9A7
3342:SLC9A6
3337:SLC9A5
3332:SLC9A4
3327:SLC9A3
3322:SLC9A2
3317:SLC9A1
3294:SLC8A3
3289:SLC8A2
3284:SLC8A1
3241:SLC7A9
3236:SLC7A8
3231:SLC7A7
3226:SLC7A6
3221:SLC7A5
3208:SLC7A4
3203:SLC7A3
3198:SLC7A2
3193:SLC7A1
3117:SLC6A9
3112:SLC6A8
3107:SLC6A7
3102:SLC6A6
3097:SLC6A5
3092:SLC6A4
3087:SLC6A3
3082:SLC6A2
3077:SLC6A1
3066:- and
3064:sodium
2991:SLC5A1
2918:SLC4A1
2890:SLC3A1
2801:SLC2A1
2748:SLC1A1
2642:
2607:
2599:
2564:
2556:
2526:
2491:
2461:
2453:
2424:
2389:
2354:
2325:
2317:
2288:
2280:
2250:
2215:
2207:
2172:
2162:
2129:
2099:
2089:
2058:212064
2056:
2027:
1987:
1979:
1938:
1928:
1856:
1818:
1782:
1776:235736
1774:
1709:
1699:
1660:
1652:
1583:
1530:
1520:
1481:
1473:
1081:enzyme
1031:search
1029:PubMed
817:O43826
709:Entrez
491:BioGPS
399:rectum
70:602671
5766:This
5690:Na/Ca
5640:Na/Cl
5511:(48):
5483:(47):
5455:(46):
5417:(45):
5374:(44):
5341:(43):
5308:(42):
5275:(41):
5229:(40):
5141:(39):
5088:(38):
5050:(37):
5009:(36):
4885:(35):
4852:(34):
4828:(33):
4805:(32):
4781:(31):
4690:(30):
4652:(29):
4620:(28):
4572:(27):
4499:(26):
4251:(25):
4203:(24):
4165:(23):
4047:(22):
3953:(21):
3901:(20):
3863:(19):
3830:(18):
3767:(17):
3678:(16):
3640:(15):
3612:(14):
3569:(13):
3505:(12):
3474:(11):
3378:(10):
2698:TC 2A
2605:S2CID
2562:S2CID
2459:S2CID
2323:S2CID
2286:S2CID
2213:S2CID
1985:S2CID
1780:S2CID
1658:S2CID
1479:S2CID
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