943:. This person will receive the benefits on behalf of the disabled individual, and disburse them directly to payers such as landlords, or to the disabled person, while providing money management assistance (help with purchasing items, limiting spending money, etc.). The representative payee often does not charge a fee for this service, especially if it is a friend or relative. Social service agencies who are assigned as payee are not prohibited from charging a fee, although the maximum fee is set by Social Security. The fee is the same for ALL recipients, except it can be larger for those with severe substance abuse problems (Social Security determines when a higher fee can be charged, not the representative payee.) Some states and counties have representative payee agencies (also called substitute payee programs) which receive the benefits on behalf of the disabled person's social worker, and disburse the benefits per the social worker's instructions. A payee can be very helpful in the instance of homeless individuals who need assistance paying down debts (like utility bills) and saving for housing.
768:, which are: Sedentary, Light, Medium, Heavy, and Very Heavy. For example, an individual's RFC may indicate, at most, the individual can perform medium work, given the individual's impairments. If the RFC of an individual equals or exceeds the job requirements of the individual's previous work, the claim is denied on the basis that the individual can return to former work. If the individual's RFC is less than the requirements of former work then the RFC is applied against a vocational grid that considers the individual's age, education and transferability of formerly learned and used skills. The vocational grid then guides whether an allowance or denial of benefits should occur.
569:(SSI). Unlike SSDI (as well as Social Security retirement benefits) where payment is based on contribution credits earned through previous work and therefore treated as an insurance benefit without reference to other income or assets, SSI is a means-tested program in the United States for disabled children, disabled adults, and the elderly who have income and resources below administratively mandated thresholds. A legitimately disabled person (a finding based on legal and medical justification) of any income level can receive SSDI. ('Disability' under SSDI is measured by a different standard than under the
630:. With regard to earnings patterns, Autor and Duggan argue SSDI benefits rose in value relative to what recipients would have earned from employment, prompting greater numbers of individuals to seek benefits. The second school of thought on program growth in the 1990s and early 2000s emphasized demographic factors such as population growth, aging of the baby boom generation into their disability-prone years, growth in women's labor force participation, and the increase in Social Security's full retirement age from 65 to 66.
968:
awards per year on average over the period FY 2019–28, with a corresponding reduction of $ 4.6 billion in OASDI benefit payments and $ 0.8 billion in
Federal SSI payments over the same period." SSA argued communicating in English is no longer "a reliable indicator of an individual's educational attainment or the vocational impact of an individual's education." Disability advocates, however, questioned the validity of this argument and provided comments arguing against the regulation.
926:
applicants reported difficulty standing for one hour compared to about 5 percent for the general population. About 21 percent of denied applicants were hospitalized during the year compared to about 6 percent for the general population. Denied applicants had a high poverty rate (38 percent) and a high rate of material hardship (43 percent). Material hardship was measured as having low or very low food security or an inability to pay utility or housing costs.
802:
of disability attorneys and representatives do not charge a fee unless they win the case. Prior to 1991, Social
Security Administration regulations required attorneys and representatives to submit a "Fee Petition" itemizing time spent on the matter. The SSDI applicant had the opportunity to agree or object to the fee requested, and the social security decision-maker often approved less than the full fee amount requested by the attorney/representative.
754:
condition (step 3 of the sequential evaluation) and be awarded benefits. If their condition does not meet the requirements of a listing, their residual functional capacity (RFC) is considered, along with their age, past relevant work, and education, in determining their ability to perform either their past work, or other work generally available in the national economy. The RFC is an assessment of an individual's work capacity given their impairments.
806:
regulations require that the fee agreement conform to specific standards. This attorney fee cap for the "Fee
Agreement" process was increased to $ 6000 effective June 22, 2009. Because of the reduced administrative burden afforded by the "fee Agreement" process, and the time delay for approving and disbursing fees under the "Fee Petition" process, the majority of disability lawyers and representative primarily use the "Fee Agreement" process.
650:
Security beneficiaries). About 31 percent of disabled widow(er) beneficiaries and 36 percent of disabled adult children are poor. In total, 2.4 million disabled worker, widow(er), and adult child beneficiaries are poor. In addition, about 38 percent of Social
Security disability beneficiaries experience material hardship, defined as having low or very low food security or an inability to pay utility bills or housing costs.
2545:
476:
562:. SSDI does not provide partial or temporary benefits but rather pays only full benefits and only pays benefits in cases in which the disability is "expected to last at least one year or result in death." Relative to disability programs in other countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the SSDI program in the United States has strict requirements regarding eligibility.
641:
widow(er) benefits are paid out of the Old-Age and
Survivors Insurance (OASI) Trust Fund and disabled adult children may be paid out of the OASI or DI Trust Fund depending on whether the adult child qualifies because a parent is deceased or retired or whether a parent is disabled. In 2019, there were 1.14 million disabled adult children and 0.25 million disabled widow(er)s receiving benefits.
2555:
964:
27, 2017. While these new rules expand the definition of what SSA considers to be an "acceptable medical source" for disability claim medical opinions to include nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and others, they also have effectively abolished the "treating physician rule" by eliminating the requirement that a treating physician opinion be granted "controlling weight".
781:(ALJ). ALJs are not state employees but rather federal employees of the Social Security Administration. If the claim is denied at this stage, the applicant can request a review of the case by the Appeals Council of the Social Security Administration. Administrative appeals are non-adversarial and new evidence can be submitted by the applicant.
674:
to the worker's disability onset, and a benefit formula that gives greater relative weight to low earners. The disabled worker receives a benefit equal to 100 percent of the PIA. An eligible spouse or child can receive 50 percent of the PIA as a benefit amount but total payments to a family are subject to a maximum.
967:
A regulation implemented by SSA in 2020 removed the inability to speak
English as an educational factor to be considered in SSI and Social Security disability determination. The regulation is projected to "result in a reduction of about 6,500 OASDI beneficiary awards per year and 4,000 SSI recipient
834:
Congressional concern over wait times has focused, to some extent, on the number of individuals who die or become bankrupt while waiting for a disability determination. The
Government Accountability Office (GAO) found that from fiscal year 2014 through fiscal year 2019, about 48,000 individuals filed
801:
The fee that a representative can charge for SSDI representation is set by law and is limited to 25 percent of the retroactive SSDI benefits awarded. While some representatives may charge fees for costs related to the claim, such as photocopy and medical record collection expenses, the vast majority
720:
If the applicant is found to be insured for Social
Security benefits and not performing substantial gainful activity, SSA will send the application to the Disability Determination Service (DDS) agency in the applicant's state. The state DDS, which is under contract with SSA, will make a determination
709:
SSA will determine whether the applicant is "insured" for Social
Security disability benefits. Generally, this depends on whether the applicant has worked "long enough – and recently enough - and paid Social Security taxes" on earnings. With regard to disabled widow(er) or disabled adult child Social
653:
About 72 percent of Social
Security disabled workers are between the ages of 50 and 66 and about 28 percent are under the age 50 (at Social Security's "full retirement age" (currently age 66), the Social Security Administration reclassifies disabled workers as retired workers). Twenty-four percent of
991:
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) uses a different definition of disability than the Social Security program, but individuals may qualify for benefits under each program depending on the severity of the disability. While the Social Security Administration does not use VA disability ratings per
963:
On January 18, 2017, the Social Security Administration published final rules titled "Revisions to Rules Regarding the Evaluation of Medical Evidence" regarding the "treating physician rule". These new rules regarding the assessment of medical opinions in a SSDI case apply to cases filed after March
797:
Most SSDI applicants—about 90 percent according to the SSA—have a disability representative for their appeal. An August 2010 report by the Office of Inspector General for the Social Security Administration indicated that many people submitting an initial disability application for SSDI might benefit
784:
After an applicant has exhausted the administrative appeals process, the individual may appeal the case to the federal courts. Federal court findings may pertain to the individual case, but may also result in required changes in SSA's policies and procedures if the court concludes those policies and
776:
In fiscal year 2020, state DDSs denied 61 percent of initial claims. SSA provides for three levels of administrative appeal if an applicant is initially denied by a state DDS. At the first level, the applicant may request a reconsideration of the initial decision. In the reconsideration, a different
673:
The monthly benefit amount a disabled worker receives depends on the person's earnings in Social Security covered employment prior to becoming disabled. For each disabled worker, a Primary Insurance Amount (PIA) is computed that depends on the worker's past earnings, wage growth in the economy prior
649:
Social Security disability beneficiaries have high poverty rates relative to other Social Security beneficiaries. About 24 percent of disabled workers have family income below the official poverty level in the United States compared to only 7.1 percent of retired workers (the largest group of Social
605:
At the end of 2020, there were 9.7 million Americans receiving benefits from the SSDI program. This included 8.2 million disabled workers, 1.4 million children of disabled workers, and 0.1 million spouses of disabled workers. Children and spouses are sometimes referred to as auxiliary beneficiaries
987:
if they have limited income and resources. For example, a disabled individual who worked in Social Security covered employment and who has limited income and resources may receive a Social Security disability benefit (due to employment prior to disability) and a partial SSI benefit (due to limited
826:
The high number of cases and long wait times for a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge has drawn significant attention from Congress in recent years. Congress provided additional funding for this workload and the number of cases and wait times have declined. In fiscal year 2020, the average
822:
The amount of time it takes for an application to be approved or denied varies, depending on whether it is an initial decision or a decision based on an appeal. In fiscal year 2019, it took an average of 120 days for SSA to make an initial determination on a disability claim. The figure increased
636:
The rapid program growth in the 1990s and early 2000s prompted concerns that the Disability Insurance (DI) Trust Fund would be depleted in 2015. In response, Congress temporarily reallocated some payroll taxes dedicated to the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) Trust Fund to the DI Trust Fund.
929:
A baseline study of denied SSDI and SSI applicants who sought benefits on the basis of mental impairments found denied applicants had low-income and had "multiple mental health and general medical conditions, low quality of life, and low functional ability." The baseline population is composed of
925:
One study found that 12.4 million Americans or about 6.2 percent of the U.S. population ages 18–66 are denied SSDI applicants. The study also found these individuals had high rates of health problems and a high rate of hospitalization compared to the general population. About 52 percent of denied
677:
Monthly benefits in the Social Security program have three general features. They replace a larger share of past earnings for low earners and they are increased with price inflation once a person is on the benefit rolls. Initial benefits are computed using wage indexing, which allows for initial
1011:
According to a 2021 study, which used variation induced by an age-based eligibility rule as a way to draw causal inferences, SSDI substantially reduced the financial distress of disabled individuals. The study finds that SSDI "reduces the likelihood of bankruptcy by 20 percent, foreclosure by 33
830:
For some cases, SSA will expedite disability determinations. These include Quick Disability Determination (QDD) and Compassionate Allowance cases. These are cases where statistical models or medical diagnoses indicate the person has an extremely severe medical condition. These cases can often be
938:
Generally, the person qualifying for benefits is determined to be capable of managing their own financial affairs, and the benefits are disbursed directly to them. In the case of persons who have a diagnosed mental impairment which interferes with their ability to manage their own finances, the
753:
Medical evidence that demonstrates the applicant's inability to work is required. The DDS may require the applicant to visit a third-party physician for medical documentation, often to supplement the evidence treating sources do not supply. The applicant may meet a SSA medical listing for their
805:
In 1991, the Social Security Administration implemented the "Fee Agreement" process. If the attorney/representative contract limited the fee to no more than $ 4000, a detailed review and approval of time spent on the case via the "Fee Petition" process was no longer required. Social security
793:
Applicants may hire a lawyer or non-attorney representative to help them apply or appeal. There are two primary types of organizations: companies with trained specialists experienced in handling SSDI applications and appeals in some or any local community across the country and law firms which
710:
Security benefits, however, the applicant does not have to be insured based on the individual's own employment history. Rather, in those cases, the deceased spouse or the parent of the disabled adult child must have worked in Social Security employment and achieved the required insured status.
640:
In addition to disabled workers, the Social Security program also pays benefits to disabled widow(er)s and disabled adult children. These beneficiaries are often analyzed along with disabled workers because the same definition of disability is used in the eligibility process. However, disabled
946:
About 10 percent of disabled worker beneficiaries have representative payees and about 5 percent of disabled widow(er)s have representative payees. The figure is much higher for disabled adult children, with about 73 percent of these Social Security beneficiaries having representative payees.
813:
Representatives may decline to represent an applicant if, after reviewing the situation, they do not believe the applicant is likely to meet the requirements for SSDI. Most representatives provide this screening at no cost. Typical reasons individuals do not meet the requirements are that the
955:
The "treating physician rule" gave "controlling weight" to determinations of the treating physicians. The rule was established in 1991 by the Social Security Administration (SSA) under the influence of federal courts and a law passed by Congress after the SSA was scrutinized in the 1980s for
657:
As expected from a program that is restricted to persons with severe disabilities, Social Security disability beneficiaries, relative to the general working age population in the United States, have very high rates of health problems and very high rates of hospitalization and medical visits.
661:
The work capacity of Social Security disability beneficiaries has been the subject of several studies and policy debates. Some have argued, despite their impairments, many disabled beneficiaries could return to work whereas others have argued the work capacity of Social Security disability
809:
If an SSDI applicant is approved quickly and does not receive a retroactive award, the SSA must review and approve the fee a representative will charge the individual. Disability representatives do not charge a fee if they are unsuccessful in obtaining a claimant's disability benefit.
980:, including Part A (hospital benefits), Part B (medical benefits), and Part D (drug benefits). The date of Medicare eligibility is measured from the date of eligibility for SSDI (generally 6 months after the start of disability), not the date when the first SSDI payment was received.
1002:
While not part of SSDI, some individuals hold disability insurance coverage obtained through an employer or through the private insurance markets. Five states (California, New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Hawaii) operate programs that provide temporary disability benefits.
798:
from using a third-party disability representative when they first apply for benefits. It indicated that having a disability representative earlier in the process significantly improves the chances of those with four major types of disabilities getting approved for SSDI.
1019:
mortality for individuals on the margin of being allowed versus denied benefits. However, the study also finds evidence that benefit receipt reduces mortality for less healthy beneficiaries and those with expensive health conditions such as cancer.
2826:
2944:
609:
The number of beneficiaries grew rapidly between 1990 and 2010 before leveling off and then declining in recent years. Two schools of thought developed to explain the rapid growth in the program during the 1990s and early 2000s. According to
681:
Monthly benefit amounts for disabled adult children depend on the earnings in Social Security covered employment of the retired, disabled, or deceased parent and amounts for disabled widow(er)s depend on the earnings of the deceased spouse.
930:
individuals who are part of the Social Security Administration's Supported Employment Demonstration. The goal of the demonstration is to test whether employment support and health interventions can improve outcomes for denied applicants.
992:
se, it will examine VA medical records as part of the applicant's medical information. In addition, individuals who are rated 100 percent disabled by the VA will receive fast-track review of their cases by SSA if they apply for SSDI.
1459:"Office of the Inspector General – Social Security Administration: Disability Impairments on Cases Most Frequently Denied by Disability Determination Services and Subsequently Allowed by Administrative Law Judges (August 2010)"
843:
Considering all levels of adjudication, about 4 in 10 SSDI applicants are awarded benefits. Slightly more than 50 percent of applicants who meet technical requirements of eligibility are determined to be medically eligible.
3107:
2819:
835:
for bankruptcy while awaiting a final decision on their disability appeal and, for fiscal year 2008 through fiscal year 2019, about 110,000 individuals died prior to receiving a final decision regarding their appeal.
2134:
2812:
2170:
757:
Determination of RFC—made in step 4 of the sequential evaluation process—often constitutes the bulk of the SSDI application and appeal process. An RFC is assessed in accordance with Title 20 of the
814:
representative feels the disability is not severe enough or the applicant does not have a sufficient work history (and did not pay enough into FICA - the Federal Insurance Contributions Act).
199:
1310:
See witness testimony from Committee on Finance, United States Senate (2014). Social Security: A fresh look at workers' disability insurance. Senate Hearing Report 113-532. Available at:
721:
of whether the individual is disabled or not. The state DDS must follow federal rules regarding the definition of disability under the Social Security Act when making this determination.
670:
In 2019, the average monthly benefit amount paid to disabled workers was about $ 1,260. Approximately 36 percent of disabled workers received a monthly benefit that was under $ 1,000.
2150:
619:
1015:
Still not much is known about the health benefits of SSDI. A 2024 study, which exploited the random assignment of administrative law judges to cases, found that benefit allowance
637:
Most recent analysis indicates that the DI Trust Fund is not projected to become depleted until 2057. - sooner than the projected depletion year of 2065 found in the 2020 report.
2263:
2160:
1962:
2011 Red Book "A Summary Guide To Employment Support For Persons With Disabilities Under The Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security Income Programs"
2990:
2191:
1772:
3174:
2969:
2614:
988:
income and resources). The Social Security Administration, which administers both SSDI and SSI, uses the same definition of disability for adults in each program.
1732:
3164:
2165:
622:
loosened the disability screening process, leading to more SSDI awards and shifting their composition towards claimants with low-mortality disorders such as
3169:
2696:
514:
1283:
Trends in employment and earnings of allowed and rejected applicants to the Social Security Disability Insurance program. American Economic Review, 101 (79)
2870:
2003:
592:. The original Social Security Act of August 1935 did not include SSDI. Rather, SSDI was put into effect in July 1956 after two decades of policy debates.
336:
1292:
Does Disability Insurance receipt discourage work? Using examiner assignment to estimate causal effects of SSDI receipt. American Economic Review, 103 (5)
743:
3. Does the impairment meet or equal the severity of impairments in the Listing of Impairments? If yes, allow the claim. If no, continue to next sequence.
2354:
717:, which means earning above certain levels. If the individual is performing substantial gainful activity, then the application for disability is denied.
3112:
2934:
2914:
695:
An application must be filed with the Social Security Administration (SSA) before an individual can receive SSDI. Individuals can apply for SSDI by:
3082:
189:
2850:
2717:
2660:
2389:
2253:
2155:
1338:"Annual Statistical Supplement, 2020 - Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance) Program Description and Legislative History"
543:
3042:
3016:
2783:
2496:
847:
The number of cases and percentage allowed at each stage of adjudication for all types of disability cases in fiscal year 2020 are as follows:
956:
controversially relying largely on its own medical examiners. Prior to the codified rule, federal courts had imposed a similar rule through a
1125:
633:
The number of disabled workers peaked in 2014 at 9.0 million and has declined in each year since, reaching 8.2 million individuals in 2020.
3047:
2929:
2836:
2909:
2893:
2880:
2465:
2732:
2359:
2258:
2212:
381:
344:
1773:
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/02/01/2019-00250/removing-inability-to-communicate-in-english-as-an-education-category
3032:
2924:
2640:
2558:
999:
program is administered by SSA and provides free employment support services to SSDI recipients seeking to return to the workforce.
765:
485:
1824:
2057:
1088:
507:
371:
209:
106:
1261:
823:
following the COVID-19 pandemic and, for months in fiscal year 2021, the average wait time for an initial decision is 165 days.
2855:
2600:
2591:
2460:
1996:
1606:"Social Security Disability: Information on Wait Times, Bankruptcies, and Deaths among Applicants Who Appealed Benefit Denials"
570:
1645:
Weaver, David (30 April 2020). "Social Security Disability Benefits: Characteristics of the Approved and Denied Populations".
1228:
Weaver, David (30 April 2020). "Social Security Disability Benefits: Characteristics of the Approved and Denied Populations".
3037:
2747:
2619:
2374:
2318:
1424:
1400:
1138:
729:
The decision about disability is based on a sequential evaluation of medical and other evidence. The sequence for adults is:
551:
376:
228:
159:
606:
because they receive benefits based on their relationship to a disabled worker, not because they are necessarily disabled.
2645:
2425:
2186:
2062:
184:
2860:
2655:
2227:
984:
734:
714:
566:
305:
31:
1619:
777:
DDS examiner will review the case. If the claim is denied at this stage, the applicant can request a hearing before an
2959:
2949:
2773:
2737:
2232:
2207:
2036:
761:, part 404, section 1545 and is generally based upon the opinions of treating and examining physicians, if available.
758:
618:, policy changes and earnings patterns were responsible for the growth. With regard to policy, Autor and Duggan argue
500:
320:
315:
72:
38:
1976:
2742:
2501:
2293:
2129:
2041:
1989:
1536:"SSA Open Data | Average Processing Time of Combined Title II Disability & Title XVI Blind & Disabled"
232:
179:
77:
1151:"Annual Statistical Report on the Social Security Disability Insurance Program, 2019 - All Disabled Beneficiaries"
3092:
2788:
2217:
2072:
1736:
325:
101:
1200:
1186:
3057:
3006:
2939:
2778:
2691:
2394:
2369:
1712:"Annual Statistical Supplement, 2020 - Representative Payees of OASDI Benefits in Current-Payment Status (5.L)"
977:
778:
547:
204:
1323:
2804:
2508:
2455:
2450:
2379:
1324:"Annual Statistical Supplement, 2020 - Disabled Workers with OASDI Benefits in Current-Payment Status (5.D)"
1301:
The effect of Disability Insurance receipt on labor supply. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 6(2)
1150:
615:
458:
662:
beneficiaries is very limited due to the wide distribution of severe health problems among the population.
3143:
3117:
3072:
2624:
2491:
2430:
2384:
1937:
Social Security and the "D" in OASDI: The History of a Federal Program Insuring Earners Against Disability
448:
1966:
1535:
1396:
3133:
3067:
2670:
2082:
194:
1337:
1382:
2954:
2415:
2399:
2364:
2298:
940:
246:
154:
82:
1784:
1711:
1665:
1523:
1352:"Social Security Office Locator, SSA Office Locator Social Security Office Locator, Social Security"
1274:
The health and earnings of rejected Disability Insurance applicants. American Economic Review, 79(3)
3138:
2888:
2727:
2722:
2584:
2548:
2067:
1728:
1496:
589:
480:
129:
1420:
1052:"Social Security Disability Insurance at Age 60: Does It Still Reflect Congress' Original Intent?"
3052:
2985:
2964:
2481:
2303:
2031:
1867:
1771:
Federal Register. 2019. "Removing Inability To Communicate in English as an Education Category."
1693:
1201:"Annual Statistical Supplement, 2020 - Summary of OASDI Benefits in Current-Payment Status (5.A)"
1187:"Annual Statistical Supplement, 2020 - Summary of OASDI Benefits in Current-Payment Status (5.A)"
976:
Regardless of a person's age, after receiving SSDI benefits for 24 months, they are eligible for
749:
5. Is the applicant able to perform any work in the economy? If yes, deny. If no allow the claim.
441:
62:
1971:
831:
processed in under 30 days. Additionally, many cases involving military veterans are expedited.
3097:
3062:
2793:
2435:
2338:
2288:
2099:
1859:
1685:
1650:
1646:
1233:
1229:
1107:
281:
241:
124:
119:
1051:
746:
4. Is the applicant able to perform past work? If yes, deny. If no continue to next sequence.
3102:
3087:
2712:
2528:
2523:
2420:
2333:
2077:
1898:
1851:
1677:
1097:
417:
412:
276:
149:
2237:
1955:
1839:
1247:
1214:
1139:
https://assets.aeaweb.org/asset-server/articles-attachments/jep/app/2902/29020123_corr.pdf
251:
1936:
1922:
1311:
678:
benefits to reflect wage growth in the economy that occurred during the worker's career.
1510:
740:
2. Is the applicant's impairment severe? If no, deny. If yes, continue to next sequence.
2665:
2577:
2486:
2094:
996:
623:
453:
427:
310:
1248:"Characteristics of Noninstitutionalized DI and SSI Program Participants, 2013 Update"
939:
Social Security Administration may require that the person assign someone to be their
3158:
2323:
2089:
1871:
1697:
1632:
1446:
554:
and designed to provide monthly benefits to people who have a medically determinable
266:
114:
1810:
1458:
1067:
2440:
2308:
2268:
386:
330:
256:
2569:
1903:
1886:
1840:"Disability and Distress: The Effect of Disability Programs on Financial Outcomes"
1796:
1591:
1563:
1482:
764:
RFC is classified according to the five exertional levels of work defined in the
2919:
2763:
2518:
611:
539:
422:
1081:"The Growth in the Social Security Disability Rolls: A Fiscal Crisis Unfolding"
827:
wait time for a hearing was 386 days (down from 605 days in fiscal year 2017).
2513:
2328:
2026:
2012:
1681:
1664:
Borger, Christine; Marrow, Jocelyn; Drake, Robert E.; Taylor, Jeffrey (2021).
1577:
1174:
1163:
957:
555:
404:
271:
47:
1863:
2313:
627:
261:
1689:
1605:
1368:
1111:
1037:
588:. These names come from the chapter title of the governing section of the
3011:
2768:
2686:
2445:
1855:
559:
1666:"Characteristics of Enrollees in the Supported Employment Demonstration"
1102:
1080:
3108:
Outreach and Assistance for Socially Disadvantaged Farmers and Ranchers
3077:
2124:
1797:"Veterans Who Have a VA Compensation Rating of 100% P&T | SSA"
1351:
391:
67:
1483:"42 U.S. Code § 406 - Representation of claimants before Commissioner"
1262:"People Who Seek Disability Benefits Face Health, Economic Challenges"
1215:"Poverty Status of Social Security Beneficiaries, by Type of Benefit"
17:
1811:"Benefits and Insurance for People with Disabilities | USAGov"
785:
procedures do not conform to federal law or the U.S. Constitution.
2171:
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
1885:
Black, Bernard; French, Eric; McCauley, Jeremy; Song, Jae (2024).
1949:
1785:
http://www.c-c-d.org/fichiers/CCD-SSTF-Comments-SSA-2017-0046.pdf
1758:
1524:
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2009-02-04/pdf/E9-2332.pdf
2808:
2573:
1985:
1929:
1549:
1981:
1961:
1825:"What can We Learn from State Disability Insurance Programs?"
713:
SSA will also determine whether the individual is performing
1363:
1361:
699:
Calling SSA's national toll-free number (1-800-772-1213) or
27:
US federal insurance program for income to disabled workers
1887:"The effect of disability insurance receipt on mortality"
558:(physical or mental) that restricts their ability to be
1958:
on new Social Security Disability determination process
1972:
Social Security Disability Research & Information
1421:"20 CFR § 404.1545, Your Residual Functional Capacity"
1312:
https://www.finance.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/92646.pdf
3063:
Single Family Housing Direct Home Loans (Section 502)
2161:
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
1967:
Social Security Administration Listing of Impairments
1578:"Disability Benefits for Wounded Warriors | SSA"
1723:
1721:
3126:
3025:
2999:
2978:
2902:
2879:
2843:
2756:
2705:
2679:
2633:
2607:
2474:
2408:
2347:
2281:
2246:
2200:
2179:
2143:
2117:
2110:
2050:
2019:
2991:Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant
1633:https://www.ssa.gov/budget/FY22Files/FY22-JEAC.pdf
1620:"Chart Book: Social Security Disability Insurance"
1447:https://www.ssa.gov/budget/FY22Files/FY22-JEAC.pdf
1126:"Chart Book: Social Security Disability Insurance"
1838:Deshpande, Manasi; Gross, Tal; Su, Yalun (2021).
1783:Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities. 2019.
1068:https://www.ssa.gov/legislation/2021FactSheet.pdf
737:? If yes, deny. If no, continue to next sequence.
2970:Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations
37:"SSDI" redirects here. For the death index, see
686:Application, initial determination, and appeals
1930:B.E.S.T The Benefit Eligibility Screening Tool
1733:Administrative Conference of the United States
1564:"Social Security Online - Disability Projects"
2820:
2585:
2166:Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons
1997:
1550:"SSA's Official Hearings and Appeals Website"
1442:
1440:
1383:"When do you have disability insured status?"
508:
8:
2837:social welfare programs in the United States
1891:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
1844:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
702:Contacting a local Social Security office or
1175:https://www.ssa.gov/OACT/TR/2020/tr2020.pdf
1164:https://www.ssa.gov/OACT/TR/2021/tr2021.pdf
983:Individuals receiving SSDI may qualify for
2827:
2813:
2805:
2592:
2578:
2570:
2554:
2355:Augmentative and alternative communication
2114:
2004:
1990:
1982:
515:
501:
43:
3113:Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
2935:School meal programs in the United States
2915:Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
1902:
1397:"Listing of Impairments - Adult Listings"
1101:
1063:
1061:
3083:Government National Mortgage Association
849:
794:specialize in disability-related cases.
3175:Federal assistance in the United States
2851:Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
2661:Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
2390:Disproportionality in special education
1737:Social Security Disability Adjudication
1029:
1012:percent, and home sale by 15 percent."
654:disabled workers are African American.
46:
3043:Child care and development block grant
2784:Social Security debate (United States)
1923:Social Security Disability Starter Kit
107:Individualized Education Program (IEP)
382:Disabled Peoples' International (DPI)
7:
3165:Social security in the United States
3048:HOME Investment Partnerships Program
2930:Nutrition Assistance for Puerto Rico
2866:Social Security Disability Insurance
2651:Social Security Disability Insurance
1729:Treating Physician Rule Report Final
818:Wait time for decisions and hearings
528:Social Security Disability Insurance
301:Social Security Disability Insurance
3170:Disability law in the United States
3017:Children's Health Insurance Program
2910:Commodity Supplemental Food Program
2894:Office of Public and Indian Housing
2497:Disability in children's literature
1079:Autor, David; Duggan, Mark (2006).
2733:Social Security Amendments of 1965
2360:Emotional or behavioral disability
345:Ontario Disability Support Program
25:
3033:Community Development Block Grant
2945:Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
2925:Child and Adult Care Food Program
2641:Disability Determination Services
1054:. Social Security Administration.
1040:. Social Security Administration.
886:Administrative Law Judge Hearing
766:Dictionary of Occupational Titles
2553:
2544:
2543:
1952:; Social Security Administration
1739:project for further information.
1369:"Disability Benefits | SSA"
1089:Journal of Economic Perspectives
839:Likelihood of receiving benefits
705:Submitting an online application
576:Informal names for SSDI include
475:
474:
372:National Telecommuting Institute
2601:Social Security (United States)
733:1. Is the applicant performing
571:Americans with Disabilities Act
3038:Community Services Block Grant
2748:Windfall Elimination Provision
2620:Social Security Administration
2375:Disability and LGBT identities
1425:Social Security Administration
1401:Social Security Administration
552:Social Security Administration
377:Society for Disability Studies
229:Unlicensed assistive personnel
1:
2646:Retirement Insurance Benefits
2187:Services for mental disorders
1904:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2023.105033
1497:"Representation of claimants"
578:Disability Insurance Benefits
2861:Supplemental Security Income
2656:Supplemental Security Income
2192:Services for disabled people
985:Supplemental Security Income
735:substantial gainful activity
715:substantial gainful activity
586:Title II disability benefits
567:Supplemental Security Income
306:Supplemental Security Income
68:Ableism / Disablism
32:Supplemental Security Income
2960:Nutrition Assistance Grants
2950:Summer Food Service Program
2774:Office of the Chief Actuary
2738:Social Security Death Index
2475:Arts, media, culture, sport
960:, but it was inconsistent.
759:Code of Federal Regulations
321:Disabled students allowance
316:Disability Living Allowance
39:Social Security Death Index
3191:
2743:Social Security Trust Fund
2615:History of Social Security
2502:Disability in horror films
2294:Activities of daily living
180:Disability rights movement
36:
29:
3093:HUD Neighborhood Networks
2789:Social Security Wage Base
2539:
1682:10.1176/appi.ps.202000826
326:Disabled Persons Railcard
3058:Mutual self-help housing
2940:School Breakfast Program
2779:Primary Insurance Amount
2395:Sexuality and disability
2370:Disability and disasters
2282:Structural and assistive
779:Administrative Law Judge
548:United States government
339:the Severely Handicapped
295:Socioeconomic assistance
205:Sexuality and disability
30:Not to be confused with
2509:Disability in the media
2380:Disability and religion
2319:Personal Care Assistant
864:Initial Determinations
666:Monthly benefit amounts
550:. It is managed by the
459:Disability in the media
3073:Urban Partnership Bank
3026:Grants & subsidies
2871:Unemployment insurance
2625:Social Security number
2492:Disability in the arts
2385:Disability and poverty
2324:Physical accessibility
565:SSDI is distinct from
449:Disability in the arts
267:Physical accessibility
3127:State & territory
3068:NeighborWorks America
2671:Unemployment benefits
2083:driver rehabilitation
1592:"Veterans | SSA"
1038:"Disability Benefits"
725:Initial Determination
195:People-first language
173:Societal implications
2955:Special Milk Program
2416:Models of disability
2400:Youth and disability
2365:Invisible disability
2314:Orthotics and braces
2299:Assistive technology
2111:Rights, law, support
1977:SSDI Research Guide
1856:10.1257/app.20190709
1748:revisions-rules.html
1670:Psychiatric Services
941:representative payee
789:Legal representation
262:Orthotics and braces
247:Assistive technology
2889:Section 8 (housing)
2728:Social Security Act
2723:Revenue Act of 1942
2634:Assistance programs
2068:Learning disability
1950:Disability Programs
1103:10.1257/jep.20.3.71
590:Social Security Act
223:Personal assistance
130:Learning disability
3053:Housing trust fund
2986:Head Start Program
2965:Reduced-price meal
2482:Disability culture
2409:Disability studies
2304:Independent living
2032:Disability studies
951:Regulatory changes
620:an SSDI reform act
337:Assured Income for
3152:
3151:
3098:Renewal community
2844:Transfer payments
2802:
2801:
2794:Years of coverage
2567:
2566:
2436:Neuroqueer theory
2339:Web accessibility
2289:Accessible toilet
2277:
2276:
2130:Disability rights
2125:Ableism/disablism
1676:(12): 1400–1406.
1511:"Hallex I-1-2-12"
921:Denied applicants
918:
917:
875:Reconsiderations
601:Number and Trends
544:federal insurance
525:
524:
282:Web accessibility
242:Accessible toilet
125:Special education
63:Disability theory
56:Theory and models
16:(Redirected from
3182:
3103:Empowerment zone
3088:FHA insured loan
3000:Health Insurance
2829:
2822:
2815:
2806:
2713:Disability fraud
2594:
2587:
2580:
2571:
2557:
2556:
2547:
2546:
2529:Special Olympics
2421:Inspiration porn
2334:Universal design
2135:Pejorative terms
2115:
2078:Physical therapy
2006:
1999:
1992:
1983:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1749:
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1740:
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1702:
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1661:
1655:
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1602:
1596:
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1560:
1554:
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1546:
1540:
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1532:
1526:
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1515:
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1507:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1487:
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1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
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1463:
1455:
1449:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1417:
1411:
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1408:
1407:
1393:
1387:
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1379:
1373:
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1365:
1356:
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1348:
1342:
1341:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1299:
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1244:
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1225:
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1205:
1204:
1197:
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1190:
1183:
1177:
1172:
1166:
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1155:
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1130:
1129:
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1115:
1105:
1085:
1076:
1070:
1065:
1056:
1055:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1034:
972:Related programs
934:Payee assignment
897:Appeals Council
859:Percent allowed
856:Number of Cases
850:
517:
510:
503:
478:
477:
418:Paralympic Games
413:Special Olympics
277:Universal design
200:Pejorative terms
44:
21:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3122:
3021:
2995:
2974:
2898:
2875:
2856:Social Security
2839:
2833:
2803:
2798:
2752:
2701:
2675:
2629:
2603:
2598:
2568:
2563:
2535:
2470:
2404:
2343:
2273:
2247:Activist groups
2242:
2196:
2175:
2139:
2106:
2046:
2015:
2010:
1946:
1918:
1916:Further reading
1913:
1912:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1823:
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1818:
1809:
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1427:
1419:
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1414:
1405:
1403:
1395:
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1300:
1296:
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1278:
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1260:
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1255:
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1227:
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1222:
1213:
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1199:
1198:
1194:
1185:
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1173:
1169:
1162:
1158:
1149:
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1137:
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1124:
1123:
1119:
1083:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1009:
974:
953:
936:
923:
841:
820:
791:
774:
727:
693:
688:
668:
647:
645:Characteristics
603:
598:
546:program of the
521:
490:
464:
463:
444:
434:
433:
432:
407:
397:
396:
367:
366:
350:
349:
341:
338:
296:
288:
287:
286:
252:Assisted living
224:
216:
215:
214:
174:
166:
165:
164:
144:
136:
135:
134:
97:
89:
88:
87:
57:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3188:
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3178:
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3150:
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3147:
3146:
3141:
3136:
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3124:
3123:
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3110:
3105:
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2917:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2885:
2883:
2881:Public housing
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2834:
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2817:
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2800:
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2730:
2725:
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2715:
2709:
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2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2666:Ticket to Work
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2617:
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2526:
2521:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2489:
2487:Disability art
2484:
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2256:
2250:
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2241:
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2140:
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2121:
2119:
2112:
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2047:
2045:
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2029:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1945:
1944:External links
1942:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1917:
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1911:
1910:
1877:
1850:(2): 151–178.
1830:
1816:
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1538:. 7 July 2023.
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908:Federal Court
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117:
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1759:"Final Rules"
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190:Normalization
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115:Special needs
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102:Mainstreaming
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84:
81:
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73:Medical model
71:
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61:
60:
53:
52:
49:
45:
40:
33:
19:
2865:
2650:
2608:Key articles
2451:Anthropology
2441:Deaf studies
2431:Crip as verb
2309:Mobility aid
2269:Reach Canada
2222:
2042:Social model
1935:
1928:
1921:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1819:
1805:
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1530:
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1505:
1491:
1477:
1466:. Retrieved
1453:
1428:. Retrieved
1415:
1404:. Retrieved
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1377:
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1332:
1318:
1306:
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1256:
1242:
1223:
1209:
1195:
1181:
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1159:
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1120:
1096:(3): 71–96.
1093:
1087:
1074:
1046:
1032:
1016:
1014:
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982:
975:
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608:
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575:
564:
535:
531:
527:
526:
387:Visitability
331:Freedom Pass
300:
257:Mobility aid
155:Occupational
83:Other models
78:Social model
3144:Puerto Rico
2764:Legacy debt
2680:Health care
2524:Paralympics
2519:Deaflympics
2329:Prosthetics
2020:Main topics
691:Application
616:Mark Duggan
612:David Autor
540:payroll tax
423:Deaflympics
272:Prosthetics
3159:Categories
3134:California
2514:Parasports
2051:Approaches
2027:Disability
2013:Disability
1635:Table 3.25
1468:2010-11-23
1430:2008-12-19
1406:2008-02-07
1024:References
958:common law
867:1,967,753
556:disability
481:Disability
405:Parasports
48:Disability
2979:Education
2461:Education
2456:Geography
2100:education
2063:Inclusion
1872:233737623
1864:1945-7782
1698:235073948
1017:increases
628:back pain
185:Inclusion
96:Education
3139:New York
3118:Lifeline
3012:Medicaid
3007:Medicare
2769:Numident
2692:Medicare
2687:Medicaid
2549:Category
2466:Journals
2446:Eugenics
2426:Bodymind
2233:Students
2180:Services
1727:(2013).
1690:34015952
1112:17176528
978:Medicare
900:126,731
889:403,108
878:540,133
560:employed
542:-funded
150:Physical
3078:HOPE VI
2201:Support
1651:3635577
1234:3635577
911:16,852
772:Appeals
538:) is a
442:Culture
392:WeThe15
231: (
143:Therapy
2118:Rights
2095:school
1870:
1862:
1735:. See
1696:
1688:
1649:
1232:
1110:
1007:Impact
853:Level
584:) and
479:
360:Groups
160:Speech
2757:Other
2697:SCHIP
2559:Lists
2264:MINDS
1868:S2CID
1694:S2CID
1464:. SSA
1462:(PDF)
1084:(PDF)
486:Lists
2903:Food
2718:FICA
2238:CNIB
2223:SSDI
2218:Rail
2213:ODSP
2151:AODA
1860:ISSN
1686:PMID
1647:SSRN
1230:SSRN
1108:PMID
995:The
626:and
614:and
536:SSDI
233:ADLs
18:SSDI
2920:WIC
2706:Law
2259:DPI
2254:CCD
2228:SSI
2208:DLA
2156:ADA
2144:Law
2058:IEP
1899:doi
1895:229
1852:doi
1678:doi
1098:doi
892:49
881:14
870:39
582:DIB
573:.)
534:or
532:SSD
3161::
1897:.
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1889:.
1866:.
1858:.
1848:13
1846:.
1842:.
1731:.
1720:^
1692:.
1684:.
1674:72
1672:.
1668:.
1439:^
1423:.
1399:.
1360:^
1106:.
1094:20
1092:.
1086:.
1060:^
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2005:e
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1907:.
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1100::
580:(
530:(
516:e
509:t
502:v
235:)
41:.
34:.
20:)
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