452:"The most authoritative account of the wreck was given by Capt. James Carroll, the ship's master, who testified at a special hearing following the loss of the ship ... 'There was not a ripple on the water, and we came over the bar under a slow bell all the way, crossing safely and reaching the inside buoy. The first and the third officers were on the lookout with me. I had a pair of glasses and was the first to discover Sand Island, and found the bearings all right. I reported it to the pilot, who had not yet seen it. We ran along probably two minutes, and then I told the pilot that I thought we were getting too close to the island and that he had better haul her up. He replied, I do not think we are in far enough. A minute later I said, Port your helm and put it hard over, as I think you are getting too near the island. He made no reply, but ran along for about five minutes and then put the helm hard aport, and the vessel swung up, heading toward Astoria, but the ebb tide caught her on the starboard bow and, being so near the island, sent her on the spit."
32:
369:
429:, on local boats. The crew remained aboard to re-float the vessel, but storm-driven waves began breaking up the hull, and they abandoned ship. The last boat to leave (except for that of the captain and pilot) overturned after a steering oar broke, casting 14 men into the water, resulting in the death of eleven, or all 14. Waves shortly rendered the vessel a total loss, though parts of the wreckage remained visible at low tide for many years.
53:
364:
at the Erie Basin Dock. It took 21 months to build her engines and put them in place. Steam was supplied to the cylinder by four horizontal tubular boilers, each heated by four furnaces, their grates having a surface of 560 square feet (52 m). The heating surface presented to the action of the
320:, and braced with straps of iron five inches (130 mm) wide and seven-eighths-inch (22 mm) thick, crossing each other diagonally every four feet (1.2 m). The inner planking was also double-strapped, and outside the iron strapping was a double planking of
448:, heading upriver, when it ran aground on Sand Island and was lost. This contradicts some accounts that claim the ship was traveling in the opposite direction, heading out to sea. Primary sources quoted in Gibbs' book support his version of the story, as follows:
376:
The only accident at her launch was the loss of two anchors, the cables breaking the ship was hove to in the river. She was arranged for 20 per cent more power than the other large vessels then in the company's fleet, and was built to make from 15 to 20
365:
furnaces was 15,100 square feet (1,400 m). The paddle-wheels were 40 feet (12 m) in diameter, having a face of 12 feet (3.7 m), each wheel being provided with 34 oak buckets.
284:
on
November 8, 1866, and was the largest ship of any kind that at that date had ever been built in the United States for commercial purposes. She was the first of the ships built by
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On April 19, 1879, on a clear and calm night, the vessel traveled with over 1,000 passengers and crew, or with 94 crew and 579 passengers. After crossing the
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639:
476:. However, later analysis of the wreck's planking, proven to be American yellow pine, as well as the size of the wreck, suggests the wreck is instead
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461:
Discovery of the wreck occurred in 1986, by a diver working to free a snagged fishing net. Following discovery, the vessel was believed to be
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eventually proved unprofitable in the China trade and was sold in 1878 to P. B. Cornwall for service along the U.S.
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530:"Annual Report of the Operations of the United States Life Saving Service for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1879"
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at the beginning of an ebb tide, the pilot failed to heed the captain's warnings and ran aground on Sand Island.
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573:"Wreck holds a rich history: The Great Republic carried Chinese immigrants and luxury passengers"
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360:(New York), at the foot of Twelfth Street, where she received her machinery, after being
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Stranded on sand in a falling tide with a storm approaching the next morning, the
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105 in (2,700 mm) bore by 12 ft (3.7 m) stroke vertical beam
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left San
Francisco in the spring of 1879 and arrived off the mouth of the
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Immediately after the launch the steamer was taken to the wharf of the
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532:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1879. pp. 42–43
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341:, her foremast, however being the highest of the three, and her
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under construction at the yard of Henry Steers, New York, 1866
245:, in 1879, in a region of frequent wrecks known as the
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345:the shortest. She had three full decks, with an
444:at midnight on April 18, and was on the way to
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381:(28 to 37 km/h; 17 to 23 mph). Her
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233:when it ran aground near the mouth of the
650:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1879
308:Her frame timbers were of white and live
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198:(28 to 37 km/h; 17 to 23 mph)
465:, lost in 1830, carrying cargo to the
349:fore and aft, extending to the engine
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7:
571:Wells, Robert (November 17, 2012).
557:Portland: Binfords, 1950; pp. 35–42
540:– via University of Michigan.
175:31 ft 6 in (9.60 m)
25:
1117:Maritime incidents in April 1879
425:evacuated the 896 passengers to
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30:
498:"The Lost Pacific Mail Steamer"
436:by James Gibbs Jr. states that
372:Great Republic (1866 steamship)
1127:Shipwrecks of the Oregon coast
286:Pacific Mail Steamship Company
78:Pacific Mail Steamship Company
1:
385:was 3,881 tons, the same as
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288:for the new line between
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247:Graveyard of the Pacific
159:380 ft (120 m)
18:SS Great Republic (1867)
1122:Ships built in Brooklyn
126:General characteristics
457:Discovery of the wreck
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383:gross register tonnage
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167:50 ft (15 m)
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371:
578:The Sunday Oregonian
553:Gibbs, James A. Jr.
467:Hudson's Bay Company
304:Construction details
270:George Steers and Co
1066:Virgen de Covadonga
600: /
868:Duke of Wellington
604:46.278°N 124.024°W
555:Pacific Graveyard.
505:The New York Times
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358:Novelty Iron Works
243:Ilwaco, Washington
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134:Passenger-cargo
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534:. Retrieved
509:. Retrieved
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416:Columbia Bar
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266:Henry Steers
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185:steam engine
101:Henry Steers
67:
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1054:Southampton
671:Loch Sunart
607: /
595:124°01′26″W
536:26 November
511:December 3,
339:ship-rigged
325:yellow pine
296:and China,
278:Long Island
241:, south of
239:Sand Island
148:4,100
119:Sand Island
117:Wrecked on
1112:1866 ships
1106:Categories
658:Shipwrecks
592:46°16′41″N
484:References
347:orlop deck
343:mizzenmast
333:had three
298:China Line
294:California
274:Greenpoint
180:Propulsion
1052:HMS
1005:Alexandra
1003:HMS
990:HMS
931:Iron Duke
929:HMS
904:HMS
879:HMS
866:HMS
853:USS
840:USS
829:Thunderer
827:HMS
779:El Majidi
743:Esmeralda
432:The book
223:steamship
220:sidewheel
194:15 to 20
139:steamship
136:sidewheel
1017:Royalist
992:Achilles
979:Novgorod
967:Pericles
955:Derzhava
893:Republic
791:Adelphoi
463:Isabella
387:SS
351:bulkhead
282:New York
262:launched
203:Capacity
106:Launched
1049:26 Nov:
1041:Venezia
1037:23 Nov:
1029:Arizona
1013:13 Oct:
963:31 Jul:
939:25 Jun:
914:21 Mar:
901:10 Mar:
850:27 Jan:
837:16 Jan:
799:28 Dec:
787:21 Dec:
767:Waubuno
763:22 Nov:
751:21 May:
739:21 May:
727:18 Apr:
703:10 Mar:
691:20 Feb:
679:26 Jan:
667:13 Jan:
470:outpost
423:captain
392:and SS
389:America
322:Georgia
229:on the
145:Tonnage
98:Builder
45:History
1090:1880 →
1083:← 1878
1025:7 Nov:
1000:4 Oct:
987:4 Oct:
926:9 May:
906:Thetis
881:Active
863:4 Feb:
855:Supply
824:2 Jan:
715:3 Apr:
314:copper
272:), at
253:Design
218:was a
156:Length
719:Clyde
501:(PDF)
394:Japan
379:knots
335:masts
264:from
237:, on
196:knots
191:Speed
92:China
84:Route
74:Owner
1062:Unk:
975:Jul:
951:Jun:
889:Feb:
876:Feb:
775:Nov:
538:2019
513:2019
400:Loss
318:iron
316:and
260:was
164:Beam
131:Type
114:Fate
64:Name
472:at
310:oak
213:SS
150:GRT
1108::
575:.
546:^
521:^
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249:.
641:e
634:t
627:v
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90:–
20:)
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