3007:"...nowing & seeing the eye as it actually is present, knowing & seeing forms... consciousness at the eye... contact at the eye as they actually are present, knowing & seeing whatever arises conditioned through contact at the eye – experienced as pleasure, pain, or neither-pleasure-nor-pain – as it actually is present, one is not infatuated with the eye... forms... consciousness at the eye... contact at the eye... whatever arises.... The craving that makes for further becoming – accompanied by passion & delight, relishing now this & now that – is abandoned by him. His bodily disturbances & mental disturbances are abandoned. His bodily torments & mental torments are abandoned. His bodily distresses & mental distresses are abandoned. He is sensitive both to ease of body & ease of awareness..."
2079:"Here, O bhikkhus, a bhikkhu understands the eye and material forms and the fetter that arises dependent on both (eye and forms); he understands how the arising of the non-arisen fetter comes to be; he understands how the abandoning of the arisen fetter comes to be; and he understands how the non-arising in the future of the abandoned fetter comes to be. He understands the ear and sounds ... the organ of smell and odors ... the organ of taste and flavors ... the organ of touch and tactual objects ... the consciousness and mental objects....
53:
6773:
6784:
4182:
4169:
634:
4159:
3187:"These variants make it plain that the sequence of factors should not be regarded as a linear causal process in which each preceding factor gives rise to its successor through the simple exercise of efficient causality. Far from being linear, the relationship among the factors is always complex, involving several interwoven strands of conditionality." (Bodhi, 2005a, p. 316.)
2473:, the aggregate of material form includes the five material sense organs (eye, ear, nose, tongue and body) and associated sense objects (visible forms, sounds, odors, tastes and tactile objects); the aggregate of consciousness is associated with the sense organ of mind; and, the mental aggregates (sensation, perception, mental formations) are mental sense objects.
2396:"Of the consciousness or mind aggregate included in a course of cognition of eye-consciousness, just the eye-base is the 'door' of origin, and the base of the material form is the visible object. So it is in the case of the others . But of the sixth sense-base the part of the mind base called the life-continuum, the unconscious mind, is the 'door' of origin...."
3554:, is the extent of the aggregates, the elements, and the sense bases, does not conceive that, does not conceive in that, does not conceive from that, does not conceive, 'This is mine.' Since he does not conceive anything thus, he does not cling to anything in the world. Not clinging, he is not agitated. Being unagitated, he personally attains
3343:"... Others say that the eye is sensitivity of those that have fire in excess, and that the ear, nose, tongue, and body are of those that have aperture, air, water and earth in excess. They should be asked to quote a sutta. They will certainly not find one." (Buddhaghosa, 1999, p. 444, para. 42.)
2981:
See also Pine 2004, p. 101. Red Pine argues that this scheme probably predates
Buddhism, because it has ten external members (ear, sound, nose, odor, tongue, taste, body, touch) corresponding to the single external skandha (form), and only two internal members (mind and thought) corresponding to the
1882:
35.23), the Buddha states that there is no "all" outside of the six pairs of sense bases. In the next codified discourse (SN 35.24), the Buddha elaborates that the All includes the first five aforementioned sextets (sense organs, objects, consciousness, contact and sensations). References to the All
1816:
The sense bases include two sets of six: six sense organs (or internal sense bases) and six sense objects (or external sense bases). Based on these six pairs of sense bases, a number of mental factors arise. Thus, for instance, when an ear and sound are present, the associated consciousness (Pali:
2820:
sphere of perception or sense in general, object of thought, sense-organ & object; relation, order. – , p. 183 says rightly: 'āyatana cannot be rendered by a single
English word to cover both sense-organs (the mind being regarded as 6th sense) and sense objects'. – These āyatanāni (relations,
2629:
discourse, the Buddha declares that the six internal senses bases (eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind) are "old kamma, to be seen as generated and fashioned by volition, as something to be felt." In this discourse, "new kamma" is described as "whatever action one does now by body, speech, or
3184:; and, Bodhi, 2005a, pp. 358–59) where the aforementioned six "sextets" (from the eye and form to craving) condition the last four "causes" (clinging, becoming, birth, old age & death) and suffering. In reference to this and similar "variant" discourses, Bodhi (2005a) notes:
3171:
Note that the Twelve Causes and Six
Sextets describe the relationship between the sense bases and consciousness in different ways. Relatedly, there are canonical discouses that put forth hybrid models of these various psychophysical factors, such as described in "The World Discourse"
2602:
The eighteen elements include the twelve sense bases. The eighteen elements are six triads of elements where each triad is composed of a sense object (the external sense bases), a sense organ (the internal sense bases) and the associated sense-organ-consciousness
1861:
148), where the "six sextets" (six sense organs, six sense objects, six sense-specific types of consciousness, six sense-specific types of contact, six sense-specific types of sensation and six sense-specific types of craving) are examined and found to be
1938:
likens the internal sense bases to an "empty village" and the external sense bases to "village-plundering bandits." Using this metaphor, the Buddha characterizes the "empty" sense organs as being "attacked by agreeable & disagreeable" sense objects.
3243:, entitled "The Sheaf of Barley" (which Bodhi, 2000b, identifies as SN 35.248 and Thanissaro, 1998d, as SN 35.207), the Buddha describes the sense organs as "struck" or "thrashed" by "agreeable and disagreeable" sense objects (Bodhi, 2000b, pp. 1257–59;
3401:
Tattha rūpābhighātārahatappasādalakkhaṇaṃ daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ vā cakkhu, rūpesu āviñchanarasaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇassa ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ.
1201:
Buddhism and other Indian epistemologies identify six "senses" as opposed to the
Western identification of five. In Buddhism, "mind" denotes an internal sense organ which interacts with sense objects that include
3053:). Nonetheless, Bodhi's formulation here provides a conciseness – both conceptually and, in this diagram, visually – that might otherwise not be as compelling and readily comprehended.
3813:
Buddhist Manual of
Psychological Ethics, of the Fourth Century B.C., Being a Translation, now made for the First Time, from the Original Pāli, of the First Book of the Abhidhamma-Pi
4923:
1270:
at the six sense bases (see Figure 2 below). Therefore, to overcome craving and its resultant suffering, one should develop restraint of and insight into the sense bases.
4313:
2972:
Hamilton (2001), p. 53, writes: "... six senses, including one relating to non-sensory mental activity, are recognized in
Buddhism and other Indian schools of thought...."
6066:
3235:
Bodhi (2000b), pp. 1237–1239 (where this discourse is identified as SN 35.238); Buddhaghosa (1999), p. 490 (where this discourse is identified as S.iv,175); and,
115:
1909:
section below and illustrated in Figure 2, the sense bases are a critical link in the endless round of rebirth known as the Twelve Causes and as depicted in the
4283:
3074:). For instance, in Bodhi (2000b) edition of the Samyutta Nikaya, this chapter alone has 248 discourses. The Rhys Davids & Stede (1921–25) entry for
3198:
In the context of SN 35.197, the term "empty" might simply be meant to convey "passive." It could also be used in the
Buddhist sense of self-less, as in
4391:
3392:
Vsm. XIV, 37 (trans. Buddhaghosa, 1999, p. 443; square-bracketed text in original). The Pali (from the
Burmese CSCD, retrieved 2008-04-16 from "VRI" at
1803:, the sense bases are referenced in hundreds of discourses. In these diverse discourses, the sense bases are contextualized in different ways including:
852:
2378:(attributed to Dhammapāla Thera) distinguish between consciousness arising from the five physical sense bases and that arising from the primarily post-
4148:
2874:
objects (or objects knowable by the eye through light). This should not be confused with the use of the word rūpa in terms of the
Buddhist notion of
6658:
6110:
2291:; also known as, "sentient organ, sense agency, sensitive surface"), and "in the place shaped like a goat's hoof" regarding the nose sensitivity (
2130:, the sense organs can be understood in terms of the object sensed, the consciousness aroused, the underlying "sensory matter," and an associated
5842:
3368:
3117:
3075:
2810:
6313:
4293:
3773:
Matthews, Bruce (1995). "Post-Classical
Developments in the Concepts of Karma and Rebirth in Theravāda Buddhism," in Ronald W. Neufeldt (ed.),
2959:
and "contents of the mind" (VRI, 1996, p. 39) while some translators simply leave this word untranslated due to its complex overtones in the
3767:
3498:
amoli and others, Matthews (1995, p. 123) defines the "classical age" as "ended about the 4th century A.D.," just prior to the "great age of
2201:"...in the interior of the two ear-holes, is fringed by tawny hair, is dependent on the membrane, is like the stem of a blue-green bean...."
4476:
4318:
6819:
6653:
6550:
6100:
4195:
4126:
3808:
3667:
664:
110:
67:
6643:
4396:
4103:
4083:
3900:
3847:
3832:
3802:
3782:
3752:
3723:
3708:
3693:
4539:
2049:. Similarly, in "Uprooting the Fetters" (SN 35.55), the Buddha states that one uproots the fetters "when one knows and sees ... as
2922:
does not necessarily refer to all mental processing. Other oft-mentioned complementary mental processes include "consciousness" (
6328:
6073:
2021:
The Buddha taught that, in order to escape the dangers of the sense bases, one must be able to apprehend the sense bases without
3383:, this characterization is referenced in the Visuddhimagga chapter (XV) on the Sense Bases (Buddhaghosa, 1999, p. 489, verse 8).
6720:
6710:
6665:
6318:
6120:
6011:
5956:
4529:
2711:āyatanavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi.... Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni veditabbāni, cha bāhirāni āyatanāni veditabbāni...."
2076:, does a bhikkhu live contemplating mental object in the mental objects of the six internal and the six external sense-bases?
801:
3468:
assured that it received much post-classical attention in the Theravāda." He further amplifies this in an endnote (p. 140,
2287:
provides similar descriptors, such as "the size of a mere louse's head" for the location of the eye's "sensitivity" (Pali:
6635:
6333:
6016:
4308:
4141:
3340:
In regards to defining the sense bases in terms of excess primary elements, the Visuddhimagga (Vsm. XIV, 42) is critical:
593:
288:
2611:). In other words, the eighteen elements are made up of the twelve sense bases and the six related sense-consciousnesses.
6218:
6090:
6061:
5763:
3892:
538:
313:
273:
5453:
2630:
mind." In this way, the internal sense bases provide a link between our volitional actions and subsequent perceptions.
5909:
5818:
5714:
5648:
5288:
4933:
4446:
4341:
3323:
In terms of the Pali commentaries, for instance, there is overlap between the Visuddhimagga and the commentary to the
3050:
2362:
sourcing from desire to see. Its function is to pick up among visible data. It is manifested as the footing of eye-
6814:
2358:
that is ready for the impact of visible data; or its characteristic is sensitivity of primary elements originated by
3588:
See, for instance, Bodhi (2000b), pp. 1124–26; and, Bodhi (2005b), starting at time 48:47. Also see the article on
2805:"Sense base" is used for instance by Bodhi (2000b) and Soma (1999). "Sense-media" is used by Thanissaro (e.g., cf.
2699:
deduce from the existence of six internal sense bases and six external sense bases that there are a total of twelve
2180:
that is in five layers of flesh, blood, wind, phlegm and serum, is half a poppy-seed in size, is like the head of a
6809:
6758:
6238:
5200:
4323:
2882:
material objects, both of the world and the body. Thus, when comparing these two uses of rūpa, the rūpa aggregate (
2375:
2112:
4672:
2260:"...in the entire body, excepting the hair of the body and the head, nails teeth and other insensitive parts...."
223:
6648:
6461:
6451:
6323:
5306:
4886:
4647:
4622:
2295:. XIV, 47–52). In addition, the Visuddhimagga describes the sense organs in terms of the following four factors:
413:
4946:
1965:(here identified as "desire and lust") that arise when there is contact between a sense organ and sense object.
368:
6753:
6105:
5919:
5897:
5890:
5793:
5326:
4762:
4707:
4328:
4134:
3299:
418:
2068:
10) the Buddha instructs monks to meditate on the sense bases and the dependently arising fetters as follows:
2000:
at the eye is aflame. And whatever there is that arises in dependence on contact at the eye – experienced as
6690:
6670:
6001:
5981:
5738:
5468:
5269:
5030:
4712:
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578:
358:
193:
3598:
explanation of the four types of clinging: sense-pleasure, wrong-view, rites-and-rituals and self-doctrine.
3116:
states: "...f one passes over the twelve sense bases, one cannot point out any real phenomenon." Also see
2821:
functions, reciprocalities) are thus divided into two groups, inner (ajjhattikāni) and outer (bāhirāni)....
2243:"...two-finger breadths in size, is in shape like a blue lotus, is located in the flesh of the tongue...."
1853:) arises. (See Figure 1.) Such an enumeration can be found, for instance, in the "Six Sextets" discourse (
1125:
term that has been translated as "sense base", "sense-media" or "sense sphere". In Buddhism, there are six
6700:
6540:
6208:
6178:
5951:
5902:
5743:
5691:
5686:
5448:
5166:
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657:
393:
378:
283:
278:
100:
3747:. (Chapter XV is "The Bases and Elements (Ayatana-dhatu-niddesa)".) Seattle, WA: BPS Pariyatti Editions.
3367:
Rhys Davids & Stede (1921–25), p. 446, entry for "Pasāda" (retrieved 2008-04-16 from "U. Chicago" at
6705:
6675:
6256:
6188:
6021:
5936:
5931:
5855:
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4298:
2486:. In terms of pursuing liberation, meditating on the aggregates eradicates self-doctrine and wrong-view
2430:
598:
588:
543:
5321:
2060:
To foster this type of penetrative knowing and seeing and the resultant release from suffering, in the
5838:
4978:
3280:
The sense bases are "the All" insomuch that all we know of the world is known through the sense bases.
2924:
2703:
sense bases; the Pali canon, however, never references "twelve" sense bases per se, e.g., see MN 137:
6728:
6695:
6680:
6568:
6198:
6095:
6041:
5926:
5865:
5833:
5828:
5813:
5798:
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5666:
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4854:
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4273:
4240:
4190:
4068:
4053:
4038:
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3993:
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3948:
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3918:
3777:. Delhi, Sri Satguru Publications. (Originally published by the State University of New York, 1986).
3652:
3424:
being a primarily post-canonical concept, see Matthews (1995, p. 128) where he states for instance: "
3277:
3273:
3269:
3257:
3244:
3236:
3223:
3181:
3138:
3105:
2956:
2907:
1700:
913:
883:
608:
568:
563:
528:
373:
253:
161:
146:
90:
62:
4509:
4436:
3049:
identified as components of suffering by the Buddha in the Four Noble Truths (for instance, see the
2218:"...in the interior of the nose, where the three meet, is dependent on one small opening, is like a
1887:
and post-canonical Pali literature further conceptualize the sense bases as a means for classifying
6535:
6414:
6248:
6223:
6213:
6173:
6150:
6033:
6006:
5966:
5885:
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5803:
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5018:
4799:
4777:
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4349:
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is used including in terms of the "eighteen elements" and in terms of "the four primary elements" (
2479:
869:
618:
573:
511:
451:
388:
333:
328:
83:
72:
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4074:
Upatissa, Arahant, N.R.M. Ehara (trans.), Soma Thera (trans.) and Kheminda Thera (trans.) (1995).
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5991:
5986:
5976:
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5946:
5941:
5880:
5860:
5823:
5748:
5553:
5254:
5178:
5056:
4998:
4839:
4739:
4667:
4642:
4288:
4218:
3906:
3703:. (Part IV is "The Book of the Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga)".) Boston: Wisdom Publications.
2754:
2738:
2663:
2657:
2496:
2483:
2414:
2061:
1548:
603:
583:
523:
518:
406:
308:
301:
228:
218:
125:
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Buddhaghosa (1999), pp. 445–6. While this Visuddhimagga chapter (XIV) actually pertains to the
1073:
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3719:
3704:
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3483:
3311:
3093:
3026:
3008:
2951:. Other frequently seen translations include "mental phenomena" (e.g., Bodhi, 2000b, pp. 1135
2947:
2933:
2911:
2806:
2615:
2426:
2123:
When the Buddha speaks of "understanding" the eye, ear, nose, tongue and body, what is meant?
1962:
1787:
1713:
1580:
1542:
1501:
1227:
1193:
1133:; also known as, "organs", "gates", "doors", "powers" or "roots") and their corresponding six
763:
650:
548:
533:
338:
213:
156:
120:
105:
36:
5503:
2654:—"faculties", which include a group of "six sensory faculties" similar to the six sense bases
1984:, the Buddha describes all sense bases and related mental processes in the following manner:
6424:
6377:
6372:
6228:
6193:
6168:
6163:
5914:
5870:
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5458:
5114:
5107:
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4881:
4767:
4431:
4303:
3859:. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. A general on-line search engine for the PED is available at
829:
815:
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343:
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263:
208:
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3025:
during a dharma talk (Bodhi, 2005, starting at time 50:00). Of course, reference to the
2538:) of the chain of Dependent Origination and thus likewise are the fifth position on the
2029:
35.54), the Buddha states that one abandons the fetters "when one knows and sees ... as
6743:
6446:
6296:
6078:
5658:
5638:
5558:
5237:
5171:
5146:
5008:
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2749:
2730:
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2531:
2010:
birth, aging & death, with sorrows, lamentations, pains, distresses, & despairs
1895:
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1569:
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901:
498:
428:
383:
323:
241:
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that is present "in excess." These characteristics are summarized in the table below.
258:
6803:
6513:
6362:
5573:
5431:
5232:
5210:
4817:
4612:
4607:
4499:
4333:
4168:
3734:
3686:
A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma: The Abhidhammattha Sangaha of Ācariya Anuruddha
3681:
3440:
3324:
3256:
Bodhi (2000b), pp. 1230–1231 (where this discourse is identified as SN 35.232); and,
3022:
2366:. Its proximate cause is primary elements born of kamma sourcing from desire to see.
2292:
2283:
2103:
1837:) which in turn causes a pleasant or unpleasant or neutral "feeling" or "sensation" (
843:
463:
318:
268:
6558:
5463:
5341:
4697:
4692:
3492:, it is not until the post-classical era that it receives much attention." Citing Ñā
3393:
2462:
1847:
1819:
1683:
1530:
1464:
1358:
1242:
1041:
1025:
945:
6603:
6588:
6508:
6498:
6340:
6135:
5628:
5129:
5124:
4951:
4822:
4158:
3435:
3298:
Bodhi (2000b), p. 1148. For a correspondence between impermanence and nonself, see
2097:
2030:
1831:) – ear, sound and ear-related consciousness – lead to what is known as "contact" (
363:
248:
166:
52:
5386:
5371:
5331:
4268:
2890:) as well as the four other material sense-objects (sound, odor, taste and touch).
4098:(Pali-English edition). Seattle, WA: Vipassana Research Publications of America.
2176:"...the three small fleshy discs round the pupil, and the white and black of the
6573:
6563:
6402:
5543:
5528:
5311:
5119:
5047:
4827:
4657:
4559:
4406:
4278:
3795:
The Middle-Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya
3740:
3634:
In Buddhist literature, when a sense object and sense organ make contact (Pali,
2915:
2641:
2410:
1969:
1211:
433:
6783:
4717:
3000:
Bodhi (2005b), starting at time 50:00. Bodhi (2005b) references, for instance,
2781:
is also the prevailing condition for the next condition in the chain, Contact (
6518:
6476:
6352:
6158:
6083:
5697:
5681:
5643:
5623:
5538:
5518:
5493:
5401:
5336:
5316:
5062:
4993:
4864:
4747:
4652:
4602:
4534:
4260:
4250:
4223:
3860:
3615:. For instance, Bodhi (2000b), pp. 527–8, identifies four different ways that
3612:
3595:
3499:
3062:
The greatest concentration of discourses related to the sense bases is in the
3042:
2758:
2539:
2470:
2379:
2108:
1935:
1910:
1884:
1800:
1765:
1285:
1231:
438:
198:
95:
4832:
2413:
identifies knowing about the sense bases as part of the "soil" of liberating
6493:
6466:
5633:
5508:
5220:
5136:
5013:
4903:
4876:
4869:
4789:
4752:
4519:
4484:
4451:
4426:
4381:
3701:
The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya
3621:
2355:
2177:
2131:
1950:
483:
458:
6266:
5102:
4956:
4722:
4504:
4373:
4365:
3569:
See, for instance, Bodhi (2000b), pp. 1122–24. Beyond the five aggregates,
2783:
2678:—the chain of endless suffering of which the sense bases are the fifth link
2555:
2042:
1839:
1643:
1436:
1324:
1267:
1009:
993:
775:
5028:
4091:
3884:
3820:
3814:
3788:
3529:
3493:
3485:
3475:
3460:
3448:
3442:
3427:
3417:
3399:
3122:
3087:
3068:
2776:
2762:
2742:
2723:
2706:
2605:
2572:
2524:
2516:
2502:
2385:
2337:
2324:
2304:
2220:
1845:
1820:
1252:
1243:
1161:
1151:
726:
708:
682:
633:
17:
6623:
6578:
6523:
6488:
6392:
6051:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5598:
5583:
5563:
5498:
5416:
5406:
5381:
5376:
5276:
5037:
4908:
4896:
4807:
4544:
4466:
4163:
3458:
3214:
2772:
2768:
2645:
2547:
2073:
1619:
1595:
1122:
1118:
961:
701:
493:
473:
468:
348:
44:
3314:, section entitled, "The Six Internal and the Six External Sense-bases."
6528:
6471:
6456:
5603:
5593:
5568:
5443:
5438:
5396:
5366:
5298:
5264:
5215:
5151:
5092:
5087:
4983:
4941:
4844:
4682:
4632:
4419:
4245:
3590:
3571:
3551:
3380:
2875:
2866:
2809:). "Sense sphere" is used for instance by VRI (1996) and suggested by
2757:(Dependent Origination) and thus likewise in the fifth position on the
2669:
2651:
2567:
2490:
while meditating on the sense bases eradicates sense-pleasure clinging.
2487:
2466:
2443:
2422:
2418:
2363:
2083:
2038:
2008:, the fire of aversion, the fire of delusion. Aflame, I tell you, with
1993:
1947:
1726:
1692:
1607:
1508:
1495:
1486:
1306:
1114:
173:
805:
6608:
6593:
6429:
6291:
6271:
6046:
5708:
5588:
5578:
5513:
5141:
5097:
5082:
5072:
5042:
5023:
4966:
4849:
4617:
4489:
4233:
4228:
3716:
In the Buddha's Words: An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon
3672:
Compendium of Philosophy (Translation of the Abhidhamm'attha-sangaha)
3200:
3034:
2870:. In terms of the Buddhist notion of the sense bases, rūpa refers to
2583:
2546:). The arising of the six sense bases is dependent on the arising of
2475:
Both the aggregates and the sense bases are identified as objects of
2082:"Thus he lives contemplating mental object in mental objects ... and
2050:
2046:
2022:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1954:
1863:
1833:
1671:
1655:
1524:
1516:
1263:
1236:
1207:
1203:
749:
188:
183:
178:
141:
3511:
Soma (2003), p. 133. This excerpt is from the subcommentary to the
2554:); and, the arising of the six sense bases leads to the arising of "
1883:
can be found in a number of subsequent discourses. In addition, the
6748:
6583:
6441:
6407:
6387:
6357:
6286:
5703:
5548:
5426:
5421:
5391:
5346:
5193:
5188:
5067:
4772:
4597:
4564:
4554:
3153:
35.25 through 35.29, including the famed "Fire Sermon" (SN 35.28).
2359:
2181:
1988:"Monks, the All is aflame. What All is aflame? The eye is aflame.
1981:
1741:
1057:
857:
423:
2666:—includes a meditation using sense bases as the meditative object
6618:
5411:
5077:
4574:
3876:
Satipatthana Sutta: The Discourse on the Arousing of Mindfulness
3743:, Bhadantācariya (trans. from Pāli by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli) (1999).
2004:– that too is aflame. Aflame with what? Aflame with the fire of
719:
4130:
3575:
is also identified as a "mental object" perceivable by "mind" (
3029:
in this context is redundant as the whole endless cycle of the
2126:
According to the first-century CE Sinhalese meditation manual,
2115:
all contribute to traditional knowledge about the sense bases.
6276:
4812:
4009:
Maha-salayatanika Sutta: The Great Six Sense-media Discourse
4001:
Maha-salayatanika Sutta: The Great Six Sense-media Discourse
2936:
and later texts, these terms are at times used synonymously.
3212:
35.85, the Buddha applies this latter notion of emptiness (
3078:
also mentions other discourses in each of the Pali nikayas.
2514:
As indicated in Figure 2 above, the six sense bases (Pali:
3272:
For other references to the sense bases as "the All," see
3066:, chapter 35, entitled "The Book of the Six Sense Bases" (
3883:
The Way of Mindfulness: English translation of the Satipa
3239:. Similarly, in the last sutta of the Samyutta Nikaya's
3118:
Rhys Davids & Stede (1921–25), p. 680, "Sabba" entry
2771:(Name and Form) as condition before it can exist: "With
2461:) and sense bases are identified as the "soil" in which
4117:"Salayatana Vagga – The Section on the Six Sense Bases"
1843:) to arise. It is from such a feeling that "craving" (
3793:, Bhikkhu (trans.) & Bodhi, Bhikkhu (ed.) (2001).
3222:
external sense bases (Bodhi, 2000b, pp. 1163–64; and
3128:
is defined as "the (whole) world of sense-experience."
2864:
The Pāli word translated here as "visible objects" is
1957:
associated with sense organs and sense objects is not
820:
2945:
The Pāli word translated here as "mental objects" is
2370:
In regards to the sixth internal sense base of mind (
2350:
Thus, for instance, it describes the eye as follows:
1234:
identifies that the origin of suffering (Pali, Skt.:
4089:
Vipassana Research Institute (VRI) (trans.) (1996).
2582:) which results in pleasant, unpleasant and neutral
2382:
notion of a "life-continuum" or "unconscious mind" (
1980:
35.28), delivered several months after the Buddha's
6719:
6634:
6549:
6247:
6149:
6032:
5729:
5657:
5484:
5357:
5297:
4932:
4798:
4738:
4583:
4475:
4405:
4259:
4204:
2354:Herein, the eye's characteristic is sensitivity of
868:
842:
828:
814:
788:
762:
736:
718:
700:
690:
679:
4078:. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society.
3735:http://www.bodhimonastery.net/MP3/M0060_MN-010.mp3
3638:), sense-consciousness arises. (See for instance
2648:text that shows the ayatanas in Mahayana discourse
2457:In a variety of suttas, the aggregates, elements (
4096:: The Great Discourse on Establishing Mindfulness
3394:http://www.tipitaka.org/romn/cscd/e0102n.mul2.xml
2906:. Other common translations include "intellect"
1262:, the Buddha identifies that craving arises from
1942:Elsewhere in the same collection of discourses (
1827:) arises. The arising of these three elements (
1277:
894:
874:
3857:The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary
2417:. Other components of this "soil" include the
1148:There are six internal-external (organ-object)
3775:Karma and Rebirth: Post-Classical Developments
1906:
1521:base, external sense base & consciousness.
779:
768:
706:
4142:
3678:. Cited in Rhys Davids & Stede (1921–5).
834:
753:
742:
658:
8:
4924:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
3868:The Discourse on the Arousing of Mindfulness
3855:, T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921–5).
3760:Indian Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction
3607:The Pāli word referenced here as "element,"
3579:) (see, for instance, Bodhi, 2000a, p. 288).
1513:on an internal & an external sense base.
794:
3861:http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/
3004:Sutta No. 149, where the Buddha instructs:
2902:The Pāli word translated here as "mind" is
2002:pleasure, pain or neither-pleasure-nor-pain
4149:
4135:
4127:
3021:This diagram is based on comments made by
2852:"Rhys Davids & Stede (1921–5), p. 699"
848:
724:
665:
651:
31:
2991:See, for instance, Bodhi (2000a), p. 288.
3840:The Heart Sutra: The Womb of the Buddhas
3733:(MP3 audio file) . Available on-line at
2811:Rhys Davids & Stede (1921–5), p. 105
2729:is generally used in the context of the
2136:
6111:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
3827:. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing.
3745:The Path of Purification: Visuddhimagga
3688:. Seattle, WA: BPS Pariyatti Editions.
3331:(e.g., cf. Vsm. XIV,49 and Asl. 310 ).
3112:. 7, the Pali commentary regarding the
2798:
2688:
2037:) the six sense organs, objects, sense-
1961:to these sense bases but is due to the
43:
6314:List of Buddhist architecture in China
3651:Bodhi (2005b), pp. 1211–12. See also
3611:, is used in multiple contexts in the
3092:& Bodhi (2001), pp. 1129–36; and,
2898:
2896:
1792:How the sense bases lead to suffering.
1584:
1564:
676:
4044:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2001b).
4029:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2001a).
4024:Yavakalapi Sutta: The Sheaf of Barley
4016:Yavakalapi Sutta: The Sheaf of Barley
4014:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998d).
3999:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998c).
3984:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998b).
3969:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998a).
3954:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1997c).
3939:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1997b).
3924:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1997a).
3919:Adittapariyaya Sutta: The Fire Sermon
3911:Adittapariyaya Sutta: The Fire Sermon
3731:MN 10: Satipatthana Sutta (continued)
3108:According to Bodhi (2000b), p. 1399,
1922:"Aflame with lust, hate and delusion"
1730:
1722:
7:
4059:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2004).
1878:In a discourse entitled, "The All" (
3825:(Compendium of States or Phenomena)
3762:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3396:) associated with this passage is:
2405:In the fifth-century CE exegetical
2057:) the aforementioned five sextets.
1519:is the meeting of an internal sense
6101:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
4076:The Path of Freedom (Vimuttimagga)
3547:35.91 where the Buddha proclaims:
2886:) includes the rūpa sense-object (
2775:as condition, Sense Gates arise."
2275:characterization of sense organs.
1500:sound, odor, flavors, touch &
1141:or "sense objects"; also known as
116:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
111:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
3699:Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans.) (2000b).
3438:, but its appearance in both the
2281:The compendious fifth-century CE
1543:Source: MN 148 (Thanissaro, 1998)
1494:The six external sense bases are
6782:
6772:
6771:
6329:Thai temple art and architecture
6074:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
4314:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
4180:
4167:
4157:
3979:Chachakka Sutta: The Six Sextets
3971:Chachakka Sutta: The Six Sextets
3354:This table is based on Upatissa
2025:. In "Abandoning the Fetters" (
890:
632:
51:
27:Buddhist term for the six senses
4181:
4039:Pahanaya Sutta: To Be Abandoned
4031:Pahanaya Sutta: To Be Abandoned
3797:. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
3729:Bodhi, Bhikkhu (18 Jan 2005b).
3718:. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
2017:Extinguishing suffering's flame
6319:Japanese Buddhist architecture
6121:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
5201:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
4392:Places where the Buddha stayed
4067:35.197). Available on-line at
4022:35.207). Available on-line at
3947:35.191). Available on-line at
3932:35.145). Available on-line at
3842:(2004) Shoemaker & Hoard.
2767:(Sense Gates) is dependent on
2566:) between the sense bases and
1491:nose, tongue, body & mind.
858:
1:
6334:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
4052:35.23). Available on-line at
4037:35.24). Available on-line at
3992:12.44). Available on-line at
3962:35.85). Available on-line at
3917:35.28). Available on-line at
3558:..." (Bodhi, 2000b, p. 1171).
3137:Bodhi (2000b), p. 1140; and,
3104:Bodhi (2000b), p. 1140; and,
2813:, whose third definition for
2672:—a similar Buddhist construct
6091:Buddhism and the Roman world
6067:Decline of Buddhism in India
6062:History of Buddhism in India
4162: Topics in
4123:, on www.accesstoinsight.org
3893:Buddhist Publication Society
3866:Soma Thera (trans.) (1999).
2530:) are the fifth link in the
2091:In post-canonical Pali texts
1946:35.191), the Buddha's Great
314:Buddhist Paths to liberation
5289:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
5029:
4092:
4007:149). Available on-line at
3977:148). Available on-line at
3949:Kotthita Sutta: To Kotthita
3941:Kotthita Sutta: To Kotthita
3885:
3821:
3815:
3789:
3530:
3494:
3486:
3476:
3461:
3449:
3443:
3428:
3418:
3400:
3123:
3088:
3069:
2777:
2763:
2743:
2724:
2707:
2606:
2573:
2548:material and mental objects
2525:
2517:
2503:
2386:
2338:
2325:
2305:
2221:
1926:In "The Vipers" discourse (
1907:"Related Buddhist concepts"
1846:
1821:
1253:
1244:
1162:
1152:
806:
780:
754:
727:
709:
683:
6836:
6820:Sanskrit words and phrases
6239:The unanswerable questions
3874:10). Available on-line at
3809:Rhys Davids, Caroline A.F.
2713:Also see MN 148, 149, etc.
2132:primary or derived element
2119:Understanding sense organs
1953:clarifies that the actual
1539:
1482:
1477:
1296:
1280:
907:
897:
6767:
6324:Buddhist temples in Korea
4887:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
4790:Three planes of existence
4397:Buddha in world religions
4176:
3534:amoli (1999), pp. 442–43.
3037:and the last two causes,
2957:(e.g., Thanissaro, 2001a)
2908:(e.g., Thanissaro, 2001a)
2747:is the fifth link in the
2469:grow. In general, in the
2437:Related Buddhist concepts
2267:
1776:
1709:
1559:
1461:
1451:
1444:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1409:
1379:
1376:
1357:
1354:
1345:
1342:
1323:
1320:
1311:
1304:
1301:
1168:), pairs of sense bases:
882:
849:
795:
769:
743:
6106:Persecution of Buddhists
5327:Four stages of awakening
4708:Three marks of existence
4294:Physical characteristics
3714:Bodhi, Bhikkhu (2005a).
3300:Three marks of existence
2955:.), "thoughts," "ideas"
2932:). Nonetheless, in the
2301:characteristic or sign (
2240:gustatory consciousness
2215:olfactory consciousness
2086:to naught in the world."
1781:The intersection of the
1546:
1533:is dependent on feeling.
1527:is dependent on contact.
5469:Ten principal disciples
4352:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3289:Bodhi (2000b), p. 1148.
3162:Bodhi (2000b), p. 1122.
2982:four internal skandhas.
2928:) and "mental states" (
2263:Heat (or lack thereof)
2226:(flower in shape)...."
2198:auditory consciousness
1896:The Twelve Dependencies
334:Philosophical reasoning
6179:Buddhism and democracy
5692:Tibetan Buddhist canon
5687:Chinese Buddhist canon
4919:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4914:Early Buddhist schools
4093:Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta
3758:Hamilton, Sue (2001).
3434:does not occur in the
2257:tactual consciousness
1996:at the eye is aflame.
1131:ajjhattikāni āyatanāni
875:
835:
821:
725:
707:
101:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
6189:Eight Consciousnesses
4299:Life of Buddha in art
4069:Asivisa Sutta: Vipers
4061:Asivisa Sutta: Vipers
3994:Loka Sutta: The World
3986:Loka Sutta: The World
3889:hāna Sutta Commentary
3819:aka, entitled Dhamma-
3517:Līnatthapakāsanā Tīkā
2878:where rūpa refers to
2761:(Wheel of Becoming).
2739:Dependent Origination
2497:Dependent Origination
2431:Dependent Origination
2314:function or "taste" (
2173:visual consciousness
2016:
1891:factors of existence.
1260:Dependent Origination
369:Aids to Enlightenment
194:Dependent Origination
6666:East Asian religions
6096:Buddhism in the West
5667:Early Buddhist texts
5282:Four Right Exertions
4748:Ten spiritual realms
4241:Noble Eightfold Path
4054:Sabba Sutta: The All
4046:Sabba Sutta: The All
3891:. Kandy, Sri Lanka:
3528:Buddhaghosa & Ñā
3472:. 34): "... lthough
3358:(1995), pp. 238–240.
3009:(Thanissaro, 1998c).
2910:and "consciousness"
1974:Adittapariyaya Sutta
1905:As described in the
1258:). In the chain of
1240:) is craving (Pali:
884:Glossary of Buddhism
339:Devotional practices
162:Noble Eightfold Path
6789:Religion portal
6536:Temple of the Tooth
6415:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
5454:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4947:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
4730:Two truths doctrine
4550:Mahapajapati Gotamī
4350:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3934:Kamma Sutta: Action
3926:Kamma Sutta: Action
3881:Soma Thera (2003).
3653:Thanissaro (1997a).
3543:See, for instance,
3482:does appear in the
3278:Thanissaro (2001a).
3241:Salayatana-samyutta
3139:Thanissaro (2001a).
3106:Thanissaro (2001b).
3094:Thanissaro (1998a).
3043:Old Age & Death
2912:(e.g., Soma, 1999).
2401:The roots of wisdom
1766:Old Age & Death
1274:Sense-base contexts
1129:sense bases (Pali:
1091:Old Age & Death
639:Buddhism portal
512:Buddhism by country
274:Sanskrit literature
6711:Western philosophy
6309:Dzong architecture
6131:Vipassana movement
6126:Buddhist modernism
5554:Emperor Wen of Sui
5322:Pratyekabuddhayāna
5255:Threefold Training
5057:Vipassana movement
4773:Hungry Ghost realm
4593:Avidyā (Ignorance)
4540:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
4289:Great Renunciation
4284:Eight Great Events
4166:
3964:Suñña Sutta: Empty
3956:Suñña Sutta: Empty
3907:Thanissaro Bhikkhu
3668:C.A.F. Rhys Davids
3274:Thanissaro (2001b)
3258:Thanissaro (1997b)
3224:Thanissaro, 1997c)
3218:) to all internal
3182:(Thanissaro, 1998b
3076:"Āyatana" (p. 105)
2755:Pratitya-Samutpada
2664:Satipatthana Sutta
2510:pratitya-samutpada
2484:Satipatthana Sutta
2062:Satipatthana Sutta
1139:bāhirāni āyatanāni
807:yuk-yip, yuk-tcher
126:Buddhist modernism
6797:
6796:
6435:Om mani padme hum
6141:Women in Buddhism
6057:Buddhist councils
5927:Western countries
5715:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
5476:Shaolin Monastery
5053:Samatha-vipassanā
4663:Pratītyasamutpāda
4467:Metteyya/Maitreya
4385:
4377:
4369:
4361:
4353:
4345:
4337:
4214:Four Noble Truths
3909:(trans.) (1993).
3768:978-0-19-285374-5
3676:Pali Text Society
3670:(trans.) (1910).
3666:Aung, S.Z. &
3270:Thanissaro, 1993.
3245:Thanissaro, 1998d
3237:Thanissaro (2004)
3051:Dhammacakka Sutta
3027:Four Noble Truths
2934:Abhidhamma Pitaka
2841:Pine 2004, p. 103
2832:Pine 2004, p. 102
2807:Thanissaro, 1998c
2540:Wheel of Becoming
2504:paṭicca-samuppāda
2427:Four Noble Truths
2334:proximate cause (
2279:
2278:
2109:Pali commentaries
2107:, and associated
1911:Wheel of Becoming
1797:
1796:
1788:Four Noble Truths
1555:
1554:
1489:are the eye, ear,
1485:The six internal
1266:that result from
1228:Four Noble Truths
1222:In the Pali Canon
1204:sense impressions
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
889:
888:
856:
696:six sense spheres
675:
674:
157:Four Noble Truths
16:(Redirected from
6827:
6787:
6786:
6775:
6774:
6614:Sacred languages
6462:Maya Devi Temple
6425:Mahabodhi Temple
6229:Secular Buddhism
6194:Engaged Buddhism
5034:
4882:Tibetan Buddhism
4833:Vietnamese Thiền
4432:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
4383:
4375:
4367:
4359:
4351:
4343:
4335:
4184:
4183:
4171:
4161:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4128:
4095:
3888:
3824:
3818:
3792:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3632:
3626:
3605:
3599:
3586:
3580:
3567:
3561:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3526:
3520:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3489:
3479:
3464:
3452:
3446:
3431:
3421:
3412:
3406:
3403:
3390:
3384:
3377:
3371:
3365:
3359:
3352:
3346:
3338:
3332:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3281:
3267:
3261:
3254:
3248:
3233:
3227:
3196:
3190:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3126:
3102:
3096:
3091:
3085:
3079:
3072:
3070:Saḷāyatana-vagga
3060:
3054:
3019:
3013:
2998:
2992:
2989:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2964:
2943:
2937:
2900:
2891:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2848:
2842:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2803:
2788:
2780:
2766:
2746:
2737:of the chain of
2727:
2720:
2714:
2710:
2693:
2609:
2576:
2528:
2520:
2506:
2389:
2356:primary elements
2341:
2328:
2308:
2224:
2137:
1851:
1824:
1793:
1718:
1679:
1577:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1511:arises dependent
1454:
1449:
1433:
1424:
1419:
1395:<–>
1352:
1318:
1278:
1256:
1247:
1186:tongue and taste
1165:
1155:
1084:
1068:
1052:
1036:
1020:
1004:
988:
972:
956:
940:
924:
895:
891:
878:
864:
863:
861:
860:
851:
838:
824:
809:
798:
797:
783:
781:rokunyū, rokusho
772:
771:
757:
746:
745:
732:
730:
714:
712:
694:six sense bases,
686:
677:
667:
660:
653:
637:
636:
364:Sublime abidings
55:
32:
21:
6835:
6834:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6815:Eighteen dhātus
6800:
6799:
6798:
6793:
6781:
6763:
6715:
6630:
6545:
6282:Ordination hall
6243:
6145:
6116:Buddhist crisis
6028:
5725:
5677:Mahayana sutras
5653:
5649:Thích Nhất Hạnh
5480:
5353:
5293:
5243:Bodhisattva vow
4928:
4794:
4734:
4693:Taṇhā (Craving)
4628:Five hindrances
4579:
4471:
4401:
4255:
4200:
4172:
4155:
4121:Samyutta Nikaya
4113:
3684:(ed.) (2000a).
3663:
3658:
3650:
3646:
3633:
3629:
3606:
3602:
3587:
3583:
3568:
3564:
3542:
3538:
3527:
3523:
3513:Majjhima Nikāya
3510:
3506:
3413:
3409:
3391:
3387:
3381:Five Aggregates
3378:
3374:
3366:
3362:
3353:
3349:
3339:
3335:
3322:
3318:
3310:
3306:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3268:
3264:
3255:
3251:
3234:
3230:
3208:). In fact, in
3197:
3193:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3148:
3144:
3136:
3132:
3103:
3099:
3086:
3082:
3064:Samyutta Nikaya
3061:
3057:
3020:
3016:
3002:Majjhima Nikaya
2999:
2995:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2961:Pali literature
2944:
2940:
2901:
2894:
2863:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2731:Twelve Causes (
2721:
2717:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2637:
2627:Samyutta Nikaya
2624:
2601:
2513:
2474:
2456:
2439:
2403:
2376:subcommentaries
2321:manifestation (
2170:visual objects
2162:in excess
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2121:
2113:subcommentaries
2093:
2019:
1924:
1904:
1877:
1855:Chachakka Sutta
1815:
1799:Throughout the
1791:
1782:
1777:
1710:
1677:
1632:Six Sense Bases
1620:Name & Form
1575:
1571:
1567:
1565:
1549:diagram details
1547:
1541:
1520:
1512:
1507:Sense-specific
1499:
1490:
1469:
1463:
1452:
1445:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1401:
1399:
1391:
1389:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1276:
1224:
1176:visible objects
1145:or "domains").
1082:
1066:
1050:
1034:
1018:
1002:
986:
979:Six Sense Bases
970:
963:Name & Form
954:
938:
922:
903:The 12 Nidānas:
799:
773:
747:
695:
681:
680:Translations of
671:
631:
624:
623:
514:
504:
503:
454:
444:
443:
409:
399:
398:
304:
294:
293:
264:Mahayana Sutras
244:
234:
233:
174:Five Aggregates
152:
151:
131:
130:
121:Later Buddhists
86:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6833:
6831:
6823:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6810:Twelve nidānas
6802:
6801:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6791:
6779:
6768:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6725:
6723:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6662:
6661:
6656:
6646:
6640:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6627:
6626:
6621:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6555:
6553:
6547:
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6544:
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6538:
6533:
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6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6501:
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6449:
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6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6411:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6349:
6348:
6346:Greco-Buddhist
6338:
6337:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6300:
6299:
6297:Burmese pagoda
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6253:
6251:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6241:
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6153:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6079:Greco-Buddhism
6076:
6071:
6070:
6069:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6038:
6036:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6025:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6012:United Kingdom
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5957:Czech Republic
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5917:
5907:
5906:
5905:
5895:
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5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
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5846:
5836:
5831:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5735:
5733:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5721:Abhidharmadīpa
5718:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5663:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5639:B. R. Ambedkar
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5559:Songtsen Gampo
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5490:
5488:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5363:
5361:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5350:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5303:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5285:
5284:
5274:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5238:Eight precepts
5235:
5225:
5224:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5117:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5026:
5016:
5011:
5009:Five Strengths
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4949:
4944:
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4936:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
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4899:
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4884:
4874:
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4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
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4830:
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4804:
4802:
4796:
4795:
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4780:
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4742:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4648:Mental factors
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4589:
4587:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4500:Mahamoggallāna
4497:
4492:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4415:Avalokiteśvara
4411:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4379:
4371:
4363:
4355:
4347:
4339:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4216:
4210:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4112:
4111:External links
4109:
4108:
4107:
4087:
4072:
4057:
4042:
4027:
4012:
3997:
3982:
3967:
3952:
3937:
3922:
3904:
3879:
3864:
3850:
3836:
3806:
3786:
3771:
3756:
3738:
3727:
3712:
3697:
3682:Bodhi, Bhikkhu
3679:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3644:
3627:
3600:
3581:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3536:
3521:
3504:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3385:
3372:
3360:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3333:
3316:
3304:
3291:
3282:
3262:
3249:
3228:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3164:
3155:
3149:For instance,
3142:
3130:
3097:
3080:
3055:
3014:
3012:
3011:
2993:
2984:
2974:
2965:
2938:
2892:
2857:
2843:
2834:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2750:Twelve Nidānas
2715:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2676:Twelve Nidanas
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2612:
2591:
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2368:
2367:
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2346:
2345:
2332:
2319:
2312:
2277:
2276:
2273:Vimuttimagga's
2265:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2231:
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2227:
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2213:
2210:
2206:
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2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2152:consciousness
2148:
2143:
2120:
2117:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2080:
2077:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2013:
1923:
1920:
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1892:
1867:
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1769:
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1750:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1714:4 Noble Truths
1707:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1687:
1680:
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1668:
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1534:
1528:
1522:
1514:
1505:
1502:mental objects
1492:
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1471:
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1322:
1319:
1310:
1303:
1299:
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1294:
1293:
1282:Figure 1:
1275:
1272:
1223:
1220:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1194:mental objects
1190:
1189:body and touch
1187:
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1103:
1100:
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429:Pratyekabuddha
426:
421:
416:
410:
405:
404:
401:
400:
397:
396:
391:
386:
384:Buddhist chant
381:
376:
371:
366:
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351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
305:
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299:
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242:Buddhist texts
240:
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26:
24:
14:
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10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6832:
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6811:
6808:
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6757:
6755:
6752:
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6727:
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6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6633:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6556:
6554:
6552:
6551:Miscellaneous
6548:
6542:
6541:Vegetarianism
6539:
6537:
6534:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6363:Buddha in art
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6339:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6298:
6295:
6294:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6246:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6152:
6148:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6068:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6035:
6031:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6017:United States
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5929:
5928:
5925:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5912:
5911:
5908:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5844:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5826:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5728:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5699:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5574:Padmasambhava
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5487:
5486:Major figures
5483:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5433:
5432:Western tulku
5430:
5429:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5356:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5290:
5287:
5283:
5280:
5279:
5278:
5275:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5233:Five precepts
5231:
5230:
5229:
5226:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5211:Dhamma vicaya
5209:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5202:
5199:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4979:Buddhābhiṣeka
4977:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4931:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4875:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4797:
4791:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4623:Enlightenment
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4613:Dhamma theory
4611:
4609:
4608:Buddha-nature
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4582:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4447:Samantabhadra
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4380:
4378:
4372:
4370:
4364:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4348:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4179:
4178:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4152:
4147:
4145:
4140:
4138:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4104:0-9649484-0-0
4101:
4097:
4094:
4088:
4085:
4084:955-24-0054-6
4081:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3901:955-24-0256-5
3898:
3894:
3890:
3887:
3880:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3848:1-59376-009-4
3845:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:0-7661-4702-9
3830:
3826:
3823:
3817:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3803:0-86171-072-X
3800:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3784:
3783:81-7030-430-X
3780:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3753:1-928706-00-2
3750:
3746:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3725:
3724:0-86171-491-1
3721:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3709:0-86171-331-1
3706:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3694:1-928706-02-9
3691:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:. Chipstead:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3573:
3566:
3563:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3532:
3525:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3488:
3484:Abhidhamma Pi
3481:
3478:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3445:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3423:
3420:
3411:
3408:
3402:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:Dhammasangani
3320:
3317:
3313:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3292:
3286:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3165:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3033:is a form of
3032:
3031:Twelve Causes
3028:
3024:
3023:Bhikkhu Bodhi
3018:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2988:
2985:
2978:
2975:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2942:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2861:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2838:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2793:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2774:
2773:Name and Form
2770:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2619:(Skt.; Pali:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2599:
2596:(Pali, Skt.:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:(Pali, Skt.:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2568:consciousness
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2550:(Pali, Skt.:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2532:Twelve Causes
2529:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2407:Visuddhimagga
2400:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2365:
2364:consciousness
2361:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2343:
2340:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2284:Visuddhimagga
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2104:Visuddhimagga
2100:
2099:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2039:consciousness
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:Consciousness
1991:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1928:Asivisa Sutta
1921:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1899:(Pali, Skt.:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1864:empty of self
1860:
1856:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1789:
1785:
1784:Twelve Causes
1780:
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1770:
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1764:
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1758:
1755:
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1747:
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1636:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1608:Consciousness
1606:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1563:
1558:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1510:
1509:consciousness
1506:
1503:
1497:
1496:visible forms
1493:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1466:consciousness
1458:
1457:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1432:
1427:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1374:
1373:
1340:
1339:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1273:
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1265:
1261:
1257:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1183:nose and odor
1182:
1180:ear and sound
1179:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1137:sense bases (
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1121:: आयतन) is a
1120:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1065:
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1061:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
992:
991:
985:
984:
981:
980:
976:
975:
969:
968:
965:
964:
960:
959:
953:
952:
949:
948:
947:Consciousness
944:
943:
937:
936:
933:
932:
928:
927:
921:
920:
917:
916:
912:
911:
905:
904:
900:
896:
893:
892:
885:
881:
877:
873:
871:
867:
854:
847:
845:
841:
837:
833:
831:
827:
823:
819:
817:
813:
808:
803:
793:
791:
787:
782:
777:
767:
765:
761:
756:
751:
741:
739:
735:
731:
729:
723:
721:
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713:
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689:
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663:
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630:
629:
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612:
610:
607:
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582:
580:
577:
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572:
570:
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565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
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537:
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520:
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516:
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508:
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448:
447:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
408:
403:
402:
395:
394:Vegetarianism
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
349:Recollections
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
319:Five precepts
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
306:
303:
298:
297:
290:
287:
285:
284:Chinese canon
282:
280:
279:Tibetan canon
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
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109:
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92:
89:
88:
85:
80:
79:
74:
71:
69:
66:
64:
61:
60:
59:
58:
54:
50:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
33:
30:
19:
6729:Bodhisattvas
6649:Christianity
6644:Baháʼí Faith
6509:Dharmachakra
6499:Prayer wheel
6489:Prayer beads
6257:Architecture
6136:969 Movement
5920:Saudi Arabia
5898:Central Asia
5891:South Africa
5713:
5696:
5629:Panchen Lama
5534:Buddhapālita
5130:Satipatthana
5125:Mindful Yoga
5038:Recollection
4952:Brahmavihara
4823:Japanese Zen
4818:Chinese Chan
4778:Animal realm
4585:Key concepts
4407:Bodhisattvas
4219:Three Jewels
4090:
4075:
4060:
4045:
4030:
4015:
4000:
3985:
3970:
3955:
3940:
3925:
3910:
3882:
3867:
3856:
3839:
3812:
3794:
3774:
3759:
3744:
3730:
3715:
3700:
3685:
3671:
3647:
3635:
3630:
3620:
3616:
3608:
3603:
3589:
3584:
3576:
3570:
3565:
3539:
3524:
3516:
3507:
3500:commentaries
3473:
3469:
3457:
3439:
3436:Sutta Pitaka
3425:
3415:
3410:
3388:
3375:
3363:
3355:
3350:
3336:
3328:
3319:
3307:
3294:
3285:
3265:
3252:
3240:
3231:
3219:
3213:
3205:
3199:
3194:
3173:
3167:
3158:
3145:
3133:
3121:
3113:
3109:
3100:
3083:
3067:
3058:
3046:
3017:
2996:
2987:
2977:
2968:
2952:
2946:
2941:
2929:
2923:
2919:
2903:
2887:
2884:rūpakkhandha
2883:
2879:
2871:
2865:
2860:
2846:
2837:
2828:
2814:
2801:
2782:
2748:
2732:
2722:
2718:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2620:
2614:
2604:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2559:
2551:
2543:
2535:
2523:
2515:
2509:
2501:
2495:
2458:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2406:
2404:
2383:
2371:
2369:
2349:
2335:
2322:
2315:
2302:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2272:
2268:
2219:
2195:sound waves
2128:Vimuttimagga
2127:
2125:
2122:
2102:
2098:Vimuttimagga
2096:
2094:
2059:
2054:
2034:
2020:
1992:are aflame.
1973:
1967:
1958:
1941:
1927:
1925:
1914:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1873:
1869:
1854:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1828:
1818:
1811:
1807:
1798:
1778:
1712:
1682:
1670:
1631:
1568:
1465:
1446:
1437:
1430:
1416:
1359:
1325:
1305:
1289:
1281:
1251:
1241:
1235:
1225:
1200:
1160:
1159:
1158:(Pāli; Skt.
1150:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1090:
1074:
1058:
1042:
1026:
1010:
994:
978:
977:
962:
946:
930:
914:
902:
344:Merit making
309:Three Jewels
249:Buddhavacana
179:Impermanence
167:Dharma wheel
29:
6574:Dharma talk
6403:Asalha Puja
6199:Eschatology
6002:Switzerland
5982:New Zealand
5910:Middle East
5819:Philippines
5739:Afghanistan
5544:Bodhidharma
5529:Buddhaghosa
5449:Householder
5359:Monasticism
5312:Bodhisattva
5167:Prostration
5120:Mindfulness
5048:Anapanasati
5031:Kammaṭṭhāna
4828:Korean Seon
4768:Asura realm
4763:Human realm
4703:Ten Fetters
4658:Parinirvana
4560:Uppalavanna
4525:Mahākaccana
4510:Mahākassapa
4442:Kṣitigarbha
4437:Ākāśagarbha
4334:Suddhodāna
4279:Four sights
4206:Foundations
3853:Rhys Davids
3741:Buddhaghosa
3550:"Whatever,
3329:Atthasālinī
3312:Soma (1999)
3114:Sabba Sutta
2916:Suttapitaka
2642:Heart Sutra
2477:mindfulness
2411:Buddhaghosa
2031:impermanent
1970:Fire Sermon
1487:sense bases
1307:sense bases
1290:Six Sextets
1212:perceptions
579:New Zealand
434:Bodhisattva
419:Four Stages
374:Monasticism
354:Mindfulness
324:Perfections
254:Early Texts
6804:Categories
6691:Psychology
6671:Gnosticism
6659:Comparison
6654:Influences
6636:Comparison
6519:Bhavacakra
6477:Kushinagar
6452:Pilgrimage
6398:Māgha Pūjā
6353:Bodhi Tree
6169:Buddhology
6159:Abhidharma
6151:Philosophy
6084:Menander I
5952:Costa Rica
5903:Uzbekistan
5744:Bangladesh
5698:Dhammapada
5682:Pali Canon
5644:Ajahn Chah
5624:Dalai Lama
5524:Kumārajīva
5519:Vasubandhu
5494:The Buddha
5402:Zen master
5337:Sakadagami
5317:Buddhahood
5248:Pratimokṣa
5063:Shikantaza
5019:Meditation
4994:Deity yoga
4865:Madhyamaka
4758:Deva realm
4653:Mindstream
4603:Bodhicitta
4515:Aṅgulimāla
4382:Devadatta
4358:Yaśodharā
4261:The Buddha
4251:Middle Way
3838:Red Pine.
3811:(, 2003).
3613:Pāli canon
3414:Regarding
3174:Loka Sutta
3047:explicitly
2888:rūpāyatana
2876:aggregates
2794:References
2778:Ṣaḍāyatana
2764:Ṣaḍāyatana
2759:Bhavacakra
2744:Ṣaḍāyatana
2725:Saḷāyatana
2701:individual
2544:bhavacakra
2526:ṣaḍāyatana
2518:saḷāyatana
2480:meditation
2471:Pali Canon
2444:Aggregates
2419:aggregates
2254:tangibles
2047:sensations
2023:defilement
1936:the Buddha
1915:bhavacakra
1885:Abhidhamma
1801:Pali Canon
1656:Sensations
1596:Formations
1398:"external"
1388:"internal"
1286:Pali Canon
1264:sensations
1232:the Buddha
1163:ṣaḍāyatana
1153:saḷāyatana
931:Formations
870:Vietnamese
822:skye.mched
728:saḷāyatana
710:ṣaḍāyatana
684:ṣaḍāyatana
452:Traditions
389:Pilgrimage
329:Meditation
289:Post-canon
269:Pāli Canon
199:Middle Way
96:The Buddha
18:Saḷāyatana
6759:Festivals
6739:Buddhists
6701:Theosophy
6504:Symbolism
6494:Hama yumi
6467:Bodh Gaya
6234:Socialism
6209:Evolution
6184:Economics
6022:Venezuela
5937:Australia
5932:Argentina
5856:Sri Lanka
5851:Singapore
5769:Indonesia
5731:Countries
5672:Tripiṭaka
5634:Ajahn Mun
5509:Nagarjuna
5504:Aśvaghoṣa
5387:Anagārika
5382:Śrāmaṇerī
5377:Śrāmaṇera
5372:Bhikkhunī
5332:Sotāpanna
5221:Passaddhi
5162:Offerings
5137:Nekkhamma
5014:Iddhipada
4934:Practices
4904:Theravada
4877:Vajrayana
4870:Yogachara
4840:Pure Land
4753:Six Paths
4740:Cosmology
4520:Anuruddha
4495:Sāriputta
4485:Kaundinya
4477:Disciples
4452:Vajrapāṇi
4304:Footprint
4269:Tathāgata
3622:catudhātu
3596:canonical
3035:suffering
2697:logically
2558:" (Pali:
2459:see below
2423:faculties
2380:canonical
2182:louseling
2033:" (Pali:
1982:awakening
1963:"fetters"
1955:suffering
1951:Sariputta
1934:35.197),
1870:"The All"
1779:Figure 2:
1693:Cessation
1672:Suffering
1581:Ignorance
1192:mind and
915:Ignorance
599:Sri Lanka
589:Singapore
544:Indonesia
484:Vajrayāna
459:Theravāda
414:Awakening
302:Practices
259:Tripiṭaka
229:Cosmology
204:Emptiness
184:Suffering
6777:Category
6706:Violence
6676:Hinduism
6624:Sanskrit
6579:Hinayana
6564:Amitābha
6524:Swastika
6393:Uposatha
6383:Holidays
6368:Calendar
6214:Humanism
6052:Kanishka
6042:Timeline
5866:Thailand
5834:Kalmykia
5829:Buryatia
5814:Pakistan
5799:Mongolia
5794:Maldives
5789:Malaysia
5754:Cambodia
5619:Shamarpa
5614:Nichiren
5564:Xuanzang
5499:Nagasena
5417:Rinpoche
5147:Pāramitā
4989:Devotion
4909:Navayana
4897:Dzogchen
4860:Nichiren
4808:Mahayana
4800:Branches
4678:Saṅkhāra
4427:Mañjuśrī
4384:(cousin)
4376:(cousin)
4344:(mother)
4336:(father)
4324:Miracles
4274:Birthday
4191:Glossary
4164:Buddhism
3790:Ñāṇamoli
3594:for the
3552:bhikkhus
3456:and the
3441:Dhammasa
3089:Ñāṇamoli
2787:): "With
2769:Nāmarūpa
2695:One may
2660:(wisdom)
2646:Mahayana
2635:See also
2594:Elements
2584:feelings
2580:visjñāna
2578:; Skt.:
2562:; Skt.:
2552:nāmarūpa
2522:; Skt.:
2508:; Skt.:
2488:clinging
2467:clinging
2451:; Skt.,
2374:), Pali
2269:Table 1.
2222:Koviḷāra
2178:eye-ball
2074:bhikkhus
2072:"How, O
1968:In the "
1959:inherent
1948:Disciple
1786:and the
1742:Becoming
1727:Clinging
1711: ←
1701:the Path
1402:objects
1250:; Skt.:
1216:volition
1208:feelings
1174:eye and
1135:external
1127:internal
1123:Buddhist
1119:Sanskrit
1059:Becoming
1043:Clinging
876:lục nhập
850:อายตนะ (
764:Japanese
702:Sanskrit
609:Thailand
569:Mongolia
564:Malaysia
529:Cambodia
494:Navayana
474:Hinayana
469:Mahāyāna
379:Lay life
209:Morality
189:Not-self
147:Concepts
106:Councils
91:Timeline
63:Glossary
45:Buddhism
37:a series
35:Part of
6754:Temples
6734:Buddhas
6696:Science
6686:Judaism
6681:Jainism
6599:Lineage
6559:Abhijñā
6529:Thangka
6472:Sarnath
6457:Lumbini
6378:Funeral
6373:Cuisine
6249:Culture
6224:Reality
6174:Creator
6164:Atomism
6034:History
6007:Ukraine
5967:Germany
5886:Senegal
5876:Vietnam
5804:Myanmar
5604:Shinran
5594:Karmapa
5569:Shandao
5539:Dignāga
5464:Śrāvaka
5444:Donchee
5439:Kappiya
5397:Sayadaw
5367:Bhikkhu
5342:Anāgāmi
5299:Nirvana
5265:Samadhi
5152:Paritta
5093:Tonglen
5088:Mandala
5043:Smarana
5024:Mantras
4972:Upekkha
4942:Bhavana
4892:Shingon
4845:Tiantai
4698:Tathātā
4688:Śūnyatā
4683:Skandha
4673:Saṃsāra
4668:Rebirth
4643:Kleshas
4633:Indriya
4535:Subhūti
4420:Guanyin
4374:Ānanda
4366:Rāhula
4246:Nirvana
4186:Outline
4119:of the
3822:Saṅgaṇi
3661:Sources
3591:upadana
3572:Nibbana
3556:Nibbāna
3215:suññata
3180:12.44)
2925:viññāṇa
2914:In the
2815:Āyatana
2670:Skandha
2652:Indriya
2607:viññāṇa
2574:viññāṇa
2570:(Pali:
2556:contact
2500:(Pali:
2482:in the
2463:craving
2453:skandha
2449:khandha
2447:(Pali,
2390:ga-mana
2323:paccupa
2237:tastes
2234:tongue
2204:Sounds
2160:element
2157:matter
2155:sensory
2147:object
2051:nonself
2043:contact
2006:passion
1998:Contact
1913:(Skt.:
1872:(Pali:
1822:viññāṇa
1810:(Pali:
1808:Sextets
1772:
1760:
1748:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1684:Craving
1667:
1644:Contact
1626:
1614:
1602:
1590:
1585:
1560:
1531:Craving
1525:Feeling
1517:Contact
1478:
1473:
1470:
1459:
1438:contact
1410:
1405:
1392:organs
1385:
1380:
1377:
1355:
1343:
1321:
1302:
1297:
1268:contact
1226:In the
1143:vishaya
1110:Āyatana
1098:
1027:Craving
1011:Feeling
995:Contact
908:
898:
859:ayatana
855::
836:ayatana
830:Tagalog
816:Tibetan
738:Chinese
691:English
619:Vietnam
574:Myanmar
489:Tibetan
479:Chinese
407:Nirvāṇa
224:Saṃsāra
219:Rebirth
84:History
73:Outline
6749:Sutras
6744:Suttas
6609:Siddhi
6594:Koliya
6569:Brahmā
6484:Poetry
6430:Mantra
6420:Kasaya
6292:Pagoda
6272:Kyaung
6267:Vihāra
6262:Temple
6204:Ethics
6047:Ashoka
5997:Sweden
5992:Poland
5987:Norway
5977:Mexico
5962:France
5947:Canada
5942:Brazil
5881:Africa
5861:Taiwan
5824:Russia
5749:Bhutan
5709:Vinaya
5589:Naropa
5579:Saraha
5514:Asanga
5270:Prajñā
5179:Refuge
5142:Nianfo
5103:Tertön
5098:Tantra
5083:Ganana
5073:Tukdam
4999:Dhyāna
4967:Mudita
4962:Karuṇā
4855:Risshū
4850:Huayan
4783:Naraka
4723:Anattā
4718:Dukkha
4713:Anicca
4618:Dharma
4570:Channa
4505:Ānanda
4490:Assaji
4457:Skanda
4360:(wife)
4329:Family
4309:Relics
4234:Sangha
4229:Dharma
4224:Buddha
4102:
4082:
3899:
3846:
3831:
3801:
3781:
3766:
3751:
3722:
3707:
3692:
3636:phassa
3515:, the
3356:et al.
3201:anatta
3124:sabbaŋ
3120:where
3045:, are
2948:dhammā
2872:visual
2784:Sparśa
2733:nidāna
2658:Prajna
2588:vedanā
2564:sparśa
2560:phassa
2536:nidāna
2425:, the
2421:, the
2415:wisdom
2303:lakkha
2289:pasāda
2246:water
2212:odors
2187:Earth
2184:...."
2142:organ
2101:, the
2084:clings
2055:anatta
2035:anicca
1901:nidāna
1840:vedanā
1834:phassa
1812:chakka
1572:Causes
1540:
1462:
1349:
1347:
1315:
1313:
1237:dukkha
796:육입, 육처
790:Korean
776:Rōmaji
770:六入, 六処
750:Pinyin
744:六入, 六処
604:Taiwan
584:Russia
524:Brazil
519:Bhutan
439:Buddha
359:Wisdom
142:Dharma
6721:Lists
6589:Kalpa
6584:Iddhi
6447:Music
6442:Mudra
6408:Vassa
6388:Vesak
6358:Budai
6304:Candi
6287:Stupa
6219:Logic
5972:Italy
5871:Tibet
5809:Nepal
5779:Korea
5774:Japan
5764:India
5759:China
5704:Sutra
5659:Texts
5609:Dōgen
5599:Hōnen
5584:Atiśa
5549:Zhiyi
5459:Achar
5427:Tulku
5422:Geshe
5407:Rōshi
5392:Ajahn
5347:Arhat
5307:Bodhi
5277:Vīrya
5194:Sacca
5189:Satya
5184:Sādhu
5172:Music
5115:Merit
5108:Terma
5068:Zazen
5004:Faith
4957:Mettā
4638:Karma
4598:Bardo
4565:Asita
4555:Khema
4545:Upāli
4530:Nanda
4368:(son)
4342:Māyā
4319:Films
4196:Index
3642:148.)
3617:dhātu
3609:dhātu
3474:bhava
3426:Bhava
3416:bhava
3039:Birth
2930:citta
2817:is:
2684:Notes
2625:In a
2621:kamma
2616:Karma
2598:dhātu
2384:bhava
2360:kamma
2251:body
2209:nose
2150:sense
2145:sense
2140:sense
1990:Forms
1874:sabba
1848:taṇhā
1829:dhātu
1754:Birth
1400:sense
1390:sense
1254:tṛṣṇā
1245:taṇhā
1075:Birth
755:liùrù
614:Tibet
554:Korea
549:Japan
539:India
534:China
499:Newar
424:Arhat
214:Karma
68:Index
6619:Pāḷi
6604:Māra
6514:Flag
5915:Iran
5839:Tuva
5784:Laos
5412:Lama
5260:Śīla
5228:Śīla
5216:Pīti
5206:Sati
5157:Puja
5078:Koan
4984:Dāna
4575:Yasa
4462:Tārā
4100:ISBN
4080:ISBN
3897:ISBN
3844:ISBN
3829:ISBN
3799:ISBN
3779:ISBN
3764:ISBN
3749:ISBN
3720:ISBN
3705:ISBN
3690:ISBN
3577:mano
3465:hāna
3276:and
3041:and
2920:mano
2904:mano
2867:rūpa
2465:and
2429:and
2372:mano
2342:hāna
2336:pada
2329:hāna
2316:rasa
2271:The
2229:air
2192:ear
2167:eye
2111:and
2095:The
2045:and
1284:The
1214:and
1115:Pāli
853:RTGS
844:Thai
720:Pali
559:Laos
464:Pāli
6341:Art
6277:Wat
4813:Zen
3490:aka
3220:and
3206:see
2880:all
2753:of
2392:):
2293:Vsm
2053:" (
1972:" (
1889:all
1288:'s
6806::
5843:ru
4065:SN
4050:SN
4035:SN
4020:SN
4005:MN
3990:SN
3975:MN
3960:SN
3945:SN
3930:SN
3915:SN
3895:.
3886:ṭṭ
3872:MN
3640:MN
3625:).
3545:SN
3502:."
3480:ga
3462:ṭṭ
3459:Pa
3447:ga
3432:ga
3422:ga
3370:).
3327:,
3247:).
3210:SN
3178:SN
3176:,
3151:SN
2953:ff
2918:,
2895:^
2705:"a
2623:):
2600:):
2590:).
2512:):
2455:):
2433:.
2409:,
2339:ṭṭ
2326:ṭṭ
2066:MN
2041:,
2027:SN
2012:."
1978:SN
1976:,
1944:SN
1932:SN
1930:,
1917:).
1903:):
1880:SN
1876:):
1859:MN
1857:,
1814:):
1662:↓
1650:↓
1638:↓
1570:12
1292::
1230:,
1218:.
1210:,
1206:,
1117:;
804::
802:RR
778::
752::
594:US
39:on
5845:)
5841:(
5059:)
5055:(
4150:e
4143:t
4136:v
4106:.
4086:.
4071:.
4063:(
4056:.
4048:(
4041:.
4033:(
4026:.
4018:(
4011:.
4003:(
3996:.
3988:(
3981:.
3973:(
3966:.
3958:(
3951:.
3943:(
3936:.
3928:(
3921:.
3913:(
3903:.
3878:.
3870:(
3863:.
3835:.
3816:ṭ
3805:.
3785:.
3770:.
3755:.
3737:.
3726:.
3711:.
3696:.
3531:ṇ
3519:.
3495:ṇ
3487:ṭ
3477:ṅ
3470:n
3453:i
3450:ṇ
3444:ṅ
3429:ṅ
3419:ṅ
3302:.
3260:.
3226:.
3204:(
3172:(
3110:n
2963:.
2854:.
2741:.
2735:)
2708:ḷ
2644:—
2603:(
2542:(
2534:(
2387:ṅ
2344:)
2331:)
2318:)
2311:)
2309:a
2306:ṇ
2064:(
1866:.
1790::
1717:→
1678:←
1576:↓
1566:↑
1504:.
1498:,
1453:↑
1447:↓
1431:↓
1423:↓
1417:↓
1372:g
1370:n
1368:i
1366:v
1364:a
1362:r
1360:c
1351:→
1338:g
1336:n
1334:i
1332:l
1330:e
1328:e
1326:f
1317:→
1113:(
1083:↓
1067:↓
1051:↓
1035:↓
1019:↓
1003:↓
987:↓
971:↓
955:↓
939:↓
923:↓
862:)
810:)
800:(
784:)
774:(
758:)
748:(
666:e
659:t
652:v
20:)
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