605:"The Cathedral at Rangoon, now almost complete in the exterior outline, is a work of genius, it has twin spires rising from its facade, and so setting their surmounting crosses as a to draw the visitor's attention. Father Janzen lives hidden away in his single room in the ground floor having but the plainest technical apparatus, restricted to very scant funds, and quite uncertain as to the future. For many months, he has been deprived of the consolation of celebrating Mass, on account of a fractured limb, which no longer serves for standing at the altar. Yet, the Cathedral works and keeps going; designs are forthcoming as required by each detail of workmanship; expedients for overcoming difficulties and for accommodating disarrangement are invented; and many curses, which have nonplussed professional skill in Burma, have been successfully dealt with by the wonderful spirit that dwells in the dying and broken body of this devoted priest."
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labor by providing them with wooden rules, frames, and other devices to render their operations more mechanical and exact. By the aid of reinforced concrete and wooden moulds, he fabricated tiled and decorative blocks of every description. Many of them he bored through to make them lighter and to save material in such a way, however, as to interfere in no way with their strength and solidity. Father Janzen sawed through the connection between the towers and the rest of the edifice from top to bottom so as not to damage the main structure. The sinking slowly continued, so much so, that Father Jazen abandoned the idea of adding spires.
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Father Janzen found only bricks and cement, an army of untrained coolies and a few
Chinese maistries. The secret of Father Janzen's construction lay in his close and constant supervision and in his patience and perseverance. Never tired of training and directing his subordinates, he simplified their
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The concession of the land applied for was, in the Chief
Commissioner's opinion, excessive, but he was prepared to recommend that the government should sanction the grant of so much of the remaining portion "on either side of St. Paul's school as is at the disposal of the Government: viz, about five
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A suitable piece of land measuring over fifteen acres east of St. Paul's High School was found, and the Bishop submitted an application to the
Government of Burma, asking permission to sell, as a freehold, the site of the old cathedral, with a view to the proceeds being entirely applied towards the
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Two months later, on 23 January 1893, the French Bishop was informed that the
Government of India sanctioned the proposal to sell the site of the cathedral in Barr Street and to appropriate the proceeds for the erection of a new one. Just prior to the commencement of this project, Bishop Bigandet
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The Bishop in his reply pointed out that his plea to sell the site of the old cathedral was based on similar concessions made by the government, only a few years previously, to other
Christian communities. It was for the government to decide whether the Catholic community should be treated with
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To adapt the existing foundation to the new plan, Father Janzen set about to extend the first plan. The altered structure was to be thirty feet longer and capable of seating 1,500 people. Thus, the size of the cathedral was 291 feet (89 m) in length and 101 feet (31 m) in breath. As a
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Under the supervision of Mr. H. Hoyne-Fox, consulting architect to the
Burmese Government, plans for a Cathedral of the Byzantine model was drawn up. These plans provided for the erection of a dome over the junction of the nave, choir and transepts. As the first efforts to sink the foundation
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On August 11, 1907, Father Janzen slipped on a plank and fractured his thigh in three places. Father Janzen came out of the hospital permanently crippled. Thanks however, to the supervision of the
Chinese maistry, Ah Yen, who for the preceding eight years had been his principal assistant, the
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piles, eighteen feet long and three feet in girth as a basis upon which to build. This tedious work was started in June, 1895, and concluded on 1 January 1899. While these important changes were in progress, Bishop Cardot, at the urgent advice of his doctors, was compelled to go back to
477:(1856–1894), Vicar Apostolic of Burma, started planning of a new and larger cathedral, as the Catholic community in the city was growing. It was decided that the new structure should take the form of a metropolitan cathedral of considerable size and of the best architectural design.
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The earthquake of May 5, 1930, wrought havoc in the city. The cathedral behaved splendidly under the shock it received. Only two interior vaults came down and others showed a few cracks. Two arches next to the towers were badly cracked but in a few months repairs were completed.
531:, one was noticeable for his pallid and worn aspect and emaciated figure. Bishop Cardot enquired as to his identity and learned that Rev. Father Janzen (30 September 1858 – 1 Aug. 1911) had been sent home on account of his suffering from tuberculosis two years previously.
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Five months after the dedication, on 1 August 1911, Father Janzen died and was interred at the entrance to the nave of the cathedral. A plain inlaid marble slab indicated the spot whereafter "life's fitful fever, he sleeps well".
519:. Mr Hoyne-Fox was proceeding on long leave, and there was no one to replace him in carrying on the work of supervisor and consulting architect. The Bishop, therefore, was asked to search in Europe for an architect.
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MEP (1893–1925). A deed of grant was executed and signed by the
Secretary to the Commissioner of the Revenue Department and by Bishop Cardot. No time was lost in commencing the foundations of the future edifice.
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to allow Father Janzen to accompany him back to
Rangoon. Father Janzen went to his native Netherlands to consult his old classmate, Dr. Cuypers Jr. who prepared a new plan for a French Catholic Cathedral in
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basis, a layer of sand nine feet in depth was substituted for pyinkado piles while an additional hundred of the latter was driven down to strengthen and support the rest. The cornerstone of
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The cathedral was dedicated as Our Lady of
Immaculate Conception on 22 February 1911. The names of the chief donors were written on it, and it was signed by Rev. Father P. St. Guily.
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of 1941–42 but the Allied bombing of 14 December 1944 blew all the stained glasses to smithereens. They were redone with the ordinary local made glasses.
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at Amsterdam. Father Janzen had collaborated with Dr. Cuyper's son, Joseph Cuypers, himself an architect, in the erection of the Amsterdam museum.
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The sinking stopped for more than a year and Father Janzen began the work of constructing the spires, 86 feet above the towers.
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resulted in the discovery of a marshy and yielding substratum, it was decided to drive down into the substratum a series of
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418:. Located on the grounds of the cathedral is Basic Education High School No. 6, which is locally known as "
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subsidiary buildings, provided that the site of the present Cathedral is relinquished to the Government."
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Footfalls Echo in the Memory: A Life with the Colonial Education Service and the British Council in Asia
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372, Bo Aung Kyaw Street, Botahtaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar. Tel: (95)-1-245647
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On 2 May 2008, again the cathedral glasses were strongly hit and damaged by the
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style. In November, 1898, Bishop Cardot and Father Janzen arrived at Rangoon.
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Sunday Masses: 6.00 am (English), 8.00 am (English), 5.00 pm (Myanmar).
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The Most Rev. Dr. Kelly, Archbishop of Sydney, had this to say in the
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was solemnly blessed and laid by Bishop Cardot on 19 November 1899.
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architect, who designed many of the catholic churches built in the
422:'s High School", although it has no religious affiliation with the
399:. The cathedral's exterior, of red brick, consists of spires and a
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740:"Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Yangon, Yangon, Myanmar"
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From Burma to Rome: A Journey Into the Catholic Church
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Daily Masses: 6.00 am (English), 5.00 pm (English).
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902:19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings
497:Bishop Alexandre Cardot and a new cathedral
481:expenditure of erecting the new cathedral.
766:DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Myanmar (Burma)
570:Father Hendrick Janzen and a new cathedral
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117:Learn how and when to remove this message
523:Father Hendrick Janzen and Bishop Cardot
501:Bishop Bigandet was succeeded by Bishop
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688:"St Mary's Cathedral - Rangoon - 1908"
430:History of the origin and construction
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403:. It was designed by Dutch architect
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872:Roman Catholic cathedrals in Myanmar
792:"Ye Deight given bail after protest"
602:of the cathedral and Father Janzen:
55:adding citations to reliable sources
18:Saint Mary's Cathedral, Yangon
887:Buildings and structures in Yangon
621:A new Cathedral and sad disasters:
534:Father Janzen had studied in the "
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712:Verner, C. Bickley (2009-12-14).
627:The cathedral well withstood the
527:Among the students assembled for
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763:Publishing, D. K. (2014-10-01).
470:For some time before his death,
458:windows were damaged during the
414:The cathedral is the largest in
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370:Immaculate Conception Cathedral
361:Interior of St Mary's Cathedral
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42:needs additional citations for
559:Paris Foreign Missions Society
66:"St. Mary's Cathedral, Yangon"
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852:Saint Mary Cathedral (Yangon)
790:Nandar Aung (3 June 2013).
686:DBHKer (18 February 2006).
454:. However, the cathedral's
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897:Churches completed in 1899
867:Catholic Church in Myanmar
460:Allied invasion of Rangoon
345:St Mary Cathedral in 1890s
816:Rogers, Benedict (2015).
667:Yangon City Heritage List
379:located on the corner of
198:16.7785583°N 96.1654444°E
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129:Church in Yangon, Myanmar
600:Catholic Press of Sydney
595:construction continued.
718:. The Radcliffe Press.
448:1930 Rangoon earthquake
882:Christianity in Yangon
366:Saint Mary's Cathedral
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877:Cathedrals in Myanmar
854:at Wikimedia Commons
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217:Bo Aung Kyaw Street,
333:Yangon City Landmark
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389:Botahtaung Township
385:Bo Aung Kyaw Street
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892:Churches in Yangon
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489:equal liberality.
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744:www.gcatholic.org
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189:96°9′55.60″E
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769:. Penguin.
642:Information
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548:Netherlands
440:Lower Burma
269:Yangon City
252:Consecrated
201: /
861:Categories
749:2016-04-08
673:References
609:Dedication
564:Neo-Gothic
529:Ordination
420:Saint Paul
401:bell tower
274:Designated
77:newspapers
438:, whilst
407:, son of
377:cathedral
314:Completed
697:10 March
661:See also
590:Accident
512:pyinkado
374:Catholic
221:, Yangon
214:Location
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