903:
1812:
827:
855:
803:
879:
1845:
1797:
75:
1773:
1833:
3148:
1785:
902:
1749:
1761:
424:
3616:
1902:
1821:
62:
1889:
82:
826:
854:
802:
781:
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 79,560 in 19,806 households. The following census in 2011 counted 88,196 people in 23,751 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 92,811 people in 27,115 households. According to the 2019 census, the city's
507:
Ehsan
Shavarebi considers this theory to be "logical" but stresses that "we need more investigations on the event depicted on the relief." He suggests that the rock relief is meant to illustrate the probable peace made between Ardashir I and the Kingdom of Armenia. When the
795:
The atlases below are some of the earliest maps to have been ever sketched to show the territory and originality of the name of Salmas and are some of the strongest documents providing proofs to some basic facts about the city including its existence and identity.
878:
1811:
428:
3573:
3123:
523:
Two archeological sites showing inhabitation during the
Sasanian era has been found near Salmas. One of them is known as Haftan Tepe, which contains Sasanian-era pottery akin to those found in
4634:
2043:
3104:
489:) is located in the Khan-Takhti village near Salmas. This rock relief illustrates two akin scenarios in which a standing man receives a ring from a man riding a horse.
2477:
2120:"Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the country divisions of West Azerbaijan province, centered in the city of Urmia"
3006:
1844:
527:. The other is called Qazun Basi, located to the south of Salmas. They were likely used as military and administrative hubs. The 9th-century Muslim historian
503:(died 1907) theorized that the relief is meant to show the Armenians' gratitude to Ardashir I and Shapur I, something which some later scholars supported. The
2440:
4619:
1832:
4624:
589:, considers the town to have been part of the administration of Armenia and inhabited by Kurds, which according to the modern scholar and orientalist
103:
2510:
3604:
1796:
3097:
2811:
2769:
2735:
2695:
2919:
2585:
2370:
1662:
2653:
2619:
1601:
and the data of 1986 and later (1986–2016) are from the censuses after it. The data for the years 1920 and 1924 are not of any censuses.
492:
The standing men's names are subject to interpretation, but the horsemen are typically considered to be
Ardashir I and his son and heir,
2868:
2051:
2012:
1760:
3090:
2413:
2392:
2314:
2286:
2119:
3655:
3646:
927:
380:
174:
3582:
2083:, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3082081" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
1748:
459:
74:
1772:
3965:
2883:
2837:
2795:
2761:
2721:
2679:
2645:
2611:
2485:
1642:
205:
4629:
4038:
3832:
3068:
4220:
3597:
3405:
1695:
885:
710:
681:
662:
1621:
1619:(used for censuses of 1996 and earlier; the amounts are obtained from the data given in "Real Population" columns!),
2958:
Ghodrat-Dizaji, Mehrdad (2010). "Ādurbādagān during the Late
Sasanian Period: A Study in Administrative Geography".
4453:
4155:
3988:
3910:
3696:
3539:
3000:
2905:
509:
2929:
Ghodrat-Dizaji, Mehrdad (2007). "Administrative
Geography of the Early Sasanian Period: The Case of Ādurbādagān".
4576:
4526:
4275:
3970:
3935:
3769:
3744:
3373:
2892:
2444:
1614:
1447:
Source: Iran
Meteorological Organization(temperatures), (precipitaion), (humidity, dew point and sun 2001-2005)
661:
Another mention of the city was made in 1281, when its
Assyrian bishop made the trip to the consecration of the
585:
as a tiny town in
Azerbaijan with a sturdy wall in a fertile location. Another 10th-century Islamic geographer,
4506:
4200:
4023:
4008:
3925:
3852:
3378:
3113:
2878:
1802:
590:
388:
357:
150:
1784:
558:, Salmas became subjugated to his rule. In 943/44, Marzuban ibn Muhammad repelled an attack on Salmas by the
4498:
4483:
4378:
4350:
4195:
4126:
3980:
3892:
3685:
2858:
4536:
4383:
4330:
4185:
4137:
4078:
3867:
3749:
3590:
3529:
3524:
3161:
1861:
931:
4438:
3945:
3544:
3037:
2518:
2327:
2151:
1638:
544:
536:
736:'s offensive in the Iran-Caucasus region, but returned in early 1916, and stayed up to the wake of the
4443:
1965:
754:
512:
house of
Armenia was abolished and the country was made a Sasanian province in 428, Nor Shirakan and
221:
3014:
Shahinyan, Arsen (2016). "Northern
Territories of the Sasanian Atropatene and the Arab Azerbaijan".
2385:
O'Shea, Maria T. (2004) "Trapped Between the Map and Reality: Geography and Perceptions of Kurdistan
639:
Khwaja Taj al-Din Ali Shah Tabrizi had rebuilt the town's 8,000-steps long wall during the reign of
4363:
3549:
3504:
2570:
2076:
1709:
706:
4230:
3797:
3719:
3534:
3390:
2975:
2946:
2896:
2465:
2341:
1893:
1691:
1598:
737:
632:
327:
4551:
4546:
4310:
4265:
4225:
3920:
3754:
3322:
2915:
2900:
2864:
2831:
2789:
2755:
2715:
2673:
2639:
2605:
2409:
2388:
2366:
2360:
2310:
2306:
2282:
2278:
1957:
1876:
1699:
1652:
1401:
1279:
666:
594:
451:
145:
2093:
1615:"An Analysis to the Urban System of West Azerbaijan Province During the Years 1956 till 2006"
4488:
4468:
4260:
4033:
4013:
3950:
3915:
3882:
3305:
3208:
3203:
3186:
3156:
3050:
3046:
3023:
2967:
2938:
2333:
2156:
1973:
1871:
1667:
1648:
869:
621:
559:
524:
497:
372:
157:
4521:
4403:
4300:
4295:
4280:
4180:
4101:
3837:
3400:
3368:
3339:
3266:
1981:
1724:
1685:
1679:
1658:
845:
817:
766:
725:
700:
692:. However, the area was retaken by the Kara Koyunlu in 1447 after the death of Shah Rukh.
685:
628:
571:
500:
475:
432:
3073:
1820:
540:
3147:
635:(died after 1339/40), it was once again thriving in the middle of the 14th-century. The
4463:
4305:
4285:
4250:
4235:
4175:
4048:
3862:
3812:
3704:
3559:
3519:
3514:
3499:
3494:
3288:
3259:
3237:
2888:
2854:
2127:
909:
889:
865:
841:
813:
4613:
4571:
4473:
4373:
4335:
4270:
3900:
3842:
3807:
3739:
3620:
3489:
3351:
3332:
3191:
2979:
2950:
2345:
2160:
2017:
1718:
1703:
1205:
913:
893:
861:
809:
598:
458:
kingdom (860 BC–590 BC), attest to its long human habitation. Salmas was part of the
384:
162:
20:
654:), and Salmas's revenues—presumably those of the entire district—amounted to 39,000
4418:
4368:
4003:
3998:
3960:
3930:
3905:
3877:
3782:
3734:
3628:
3446:
3434:
3412:
3169:
2971:
2942:
1881:
1866:
1733:
1728:
837:
833:
718:
677:
528:
463:
2702:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014
2592:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 22 November 2014
1597:: The data presented of 1976 and earlier (1956–1976) are from the censuses before
415:
who sometimes controlled the region. In the 20th-century, it was known as Shapur.
3082:
4408:
4320:
3847:
3729:
3724:
3675:
3466:
3427:
3395:
3383:
3361:
3298:
3281:
3249:
3215:
3035:
Shavarebi, Ehsan (2014). "A Reinterpretation of the Sasanian Relief at Salmās".
1906:
1698:(1941-1951) and the first ever Iranian soccer player to play for foreign clubs (
1673:
912:
Map of "Turkey in Asia, Iraq, Syria, and Palestine" (Concurred with the Time of
733:
696:
605:, and in 1070 removed them from power resulting in Salmas being captured by the
582:
517:
504:
471:
2988:
2565:
2337:
423:
4358:
4340:
4043:
3993:
3940:
3822:
3777:
3509:
3327:
3254:
3054:
3027:
689:
610:
586:
578:
513:
479:
436:
412:
396:
2818:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 6 June 2013
2742:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 6 June 2013
2660:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 10 May 2015
2626:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015
395:, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is northwest of
118:
105:
4581:
4561:
4531:
4448:
4428:
4398:
4215:
4205:
4190:
4083:
4063:
4053:
3857:
3817:
3714:
3422:
3310:
2776:. Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 7 May 2013
1327:
762:
640:
602:
555:
467:
431:
in the Khan-Takhti village near Salmas, constructed during the reign of the
323:
318:
61:
1888:
4556:
4413:
4393:
4325:
4315:
4290:
4210:
4165:
4028:
3955:
3827:
3792:
3759:
3554:
3471:
3344:
3271:
3179:
2736:"Form 14: AVERAGE OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN PERCENT Station: Salmas(40722)"
1925:
729:
493:
411:
The original name of Salmas was Dilman, which is probably related to the
335:
2770:"Form 10: AVERAGE OF DEW POINT TEMPERATURE IN C. Station: Salmas(40722)"
2586:"Form 5: AVERAGE OF MEAN DAILY TEMPERATURE IN C. Station: Salmas(40722)"
2517:(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 04. Archived from
2484:(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 04. Archived from
2406:
Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle and Self-Expression
2126:(in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Council of Ministers. Archived from
2050:(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 04. Archived from
4586:
4566:
4541:
4478:
4458:
4388:
4150:
4068:
4018:
3787:
3461:
3293:
3242:
3230:
3225:
2696:"Form 25: Monthly total of precipitation in mm. Station: Salmas(40722)"
1715:
Timur Lakestani (1915–2011) – aka Father of Iranian Electrical Industry
670:
606:
308:
4516:
4511:
4245:
4240:
4170:
4073:
3872:
3709:
3456:
3196:
2654:"Form 3: AVERAGE OF MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE IN C. Station: Salmas(40722)"
2620:"Form 2: AVERAGE OF MINIMUM TEMPERATURE IN C. Station: Salmas(40722)"
2326:
Yuhanon, B. Beth. "The Methods of Killing in the Assyrian Genocide".
644:
636:
567:
455:
400:
169:
2080:
624:, Armenians and Georgians, in which the Kurds of Salmas took part.
4433:
4423:
4255:
4160:
4145:
4058:
3802:
3451:
3439:
3417:
3315:
3276:
3174:
3137:
2566:"Imperii Persici in omnes suas provincias nova tabula geographica"
2543:
1607:
758:
714:
655:
563:
532:
422:
2812:"Form 42: Monthly total of sunshine hours Station: Salmas(40722)"
454:
region. Its archaeological relics, which date as far back as the
19:
For the administrative division of West Azerbaijan province, see
3615:
3220:
1466:
770:
392:
293:
138:
3586:
3086:
2362:
E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936. S - Ṭaiba
1838:
An angled front view of Salmas Imam Khomeini Prayer House, 2017
3574:
List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province
3124:
List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province
2860:
Iran and the First World War: Battleground of the Great Powers
2466:
http://thegraduatesocietyla.org/images/author-padia-others.pdf
2408:(2nd edition) McFarland, Jefferson, North Carolina, page 187,
2199:
2197:
627:
Salmas was in ruins during the lifetime of the Muslim scholar
570:. By 975, Salmas was seemingly under the rule of the Kurdish
577:
Salmas is described by the 10th-century Islamic geographers
2214:
2212:
2960:
Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies
2931:
Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies
531:
reported that the taxes of Salmas had been long given to
2423:
2421:
1694:(1903-1982) - The first ever manager and head coach of
2253:
2251:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
1676:(1838–1920) – Chaldean Catholic priest and orientalist
2511:"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)"
2478:"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)"
2303:
E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936
2275:
E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936
2044:"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)"
676:
In the Battle of Salmas on 17–18 September 1429, the
1766:
Islamic Republic Blvd., Near Panahi Technical School
466:(also known as Persarmenia), which was inhabited by
4497:
4349:
4136:
4125:
4109:
4100:
3979:
3891:
3768:
3695:
3684:
3663:
3654:
3645:
3627:
3568:
3482:
3155:
3130:
356:
334:
317:
307:
299:
288:
280:
275:
267:
259:
251:
243:
235:
230:
219:
211:
201:
196:
188:
180:
168:
156:
144:
134:
33:
2882:
732:in Salmas. The Russians retreated at the time of
516:were incorporated into the Sasanian province of
4635:Kurdish settlements in West Azerbaijan province
2011:OpenStreetMap contributors (16 February 2024).
2242:
2203:
753:The majority of the population is composed of
3598:
3098:
2038:
2036:
1850:A view of Nation Park in a Winter night, 2016
631:(died 1229), but according to the geographer
38:
8:
1454:
945:Climate data for Salmas (2001-2010 normals)
574:, who after 983/84 ruled all of Azerbaijan.
543:that conquered Salmas. During the reign of
4133:
4106:
3692:
3660:
3651:
3605:
3591:
3583:
3105:
3091:
3083:
3005:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2906:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1754:Overall View of Imam St. and Shahrdari Sq.
1626:(used for data of the years 1920 and 1924)
1453:
941:
30:
3074:"Salmas Map – Satellite Images of Salmas"
2230:
2218:
2188:
562:, and in 955/56, it was attacked by the
2427:
2257:
2003:
1917:
1744:
1612:(used for censuses of 2006 and later),
798:
620:) made a military campaign against the
333:
316:
306:
274:
266:
229:
195:
179:
133:
98:
67:
58:
53:
2998:
2829:
2787:
2753:
2713:
2671:
2637:
2603:
16:City in West Azerbaijan province, Iran
1663:Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans
355:
298:
287:
279:
258:
250:
242:
234:
218:
210:
200:
187:
167:
155:
143:
7:
2993:Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition
2544:"2016 Population and Housing Census"
1985:
1622:"Location and Geography of the City"
1977:
1969:
376:
263:4.75 sq mi (12.3 km)
247:9.26 sq mi (24.0 km)
239:9.26 sq mi (24.0 km)
39:
4620:Cities in West Azerbaijan province
2149:Bosworth, C. E. (2012). "Salmās".
1727:(1930–2021) – boxer and father of
450:Salmas is located in the historic
14:
4625:Populated places in Salmas County
1712:(c. 1905–1990) – Communist leader
938:), typical of northwestern Iran.
3614:
3146:
2305:Volume 4, E.J. Brill, New York,
2277:Volume 4, E.J. Brill, New York,
2161:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_6560
1900:
1887:
1843:
1831:
1819:
1810:
1795:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1747:
1670:(1835–1888) – Armenian novelist
1645:of the Armenian Apostolic Church
916:) • Modified by Hassan Jahangiri
901:
877:
853:
825:
801:
728:started to station infantry and
724:Around the advent of the 1910s,
474:erected during the reign of the
80:
73:
60:
2387:Routledge, New York, page 100,
1608:"Population and Housing Census"
649:
615:
549:
484:
441:
2972:10.1080/05786967.2010.11864774
2943:10.1080/05786967.2007.11864720
2118:Habibi, Hassan (7 July 1369).
896:• Modified by Hassan Jahangiri
872:• Modified by Hassan Jahangiri
848:• Modified by Hassan Jahangiri
820:• Modified by Hassan Jahangiri
81:
1:
3550:Baghchejogh museum and palace
1624:. Salmas County Municipality.
1610:. Statistical Center of Iran.
928:Köppen climate classification
609:. In 1064, the Seljuk sultan
535:, suggesting that during the
255:0 sq mi (0 km)
28:City in West Azerbaijan, Iran
3833:Qarah Tappeh Railway Station
2546:. Statistical Center of Iran
2441:"..:: شهرداری سلماس ::"
1455:Salmas Historical Population
303:10,000/sq mi (3,900/km)
271:4,532 ft (1,381 m)
4276:Mazraeh-ye Shenatal-e Sofla
1736:(b. 1981) – football player
1696:Iran national football team
1617:. Urban Ecology Researches.
1134:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
994:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
711:Assyrian Church of the East
663:Assyrian Church of the East
4651:
2338:10.31826/9781463239961-013
2301:. (1993 reprint) "Tabrīz"
2273:. (1993 reprint) "Salmas"
1778:Khan Takhti-Rd near Salmas
1721:(1918–2000) – weightlifter
1706:) and in a European league
1446:
944:
601:imposed their rule on the
593:must had been part of the
18:
3144:
3121:
3055:10.1163/1573384X-20140203
3028:10.1163/1573384X-20160203
2836:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2794:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2760:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2720:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2678:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2644:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2610:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1961:
1593:
1589:—
1501:—
1490:—
1479:—
1399:
1325:
1277:
1203:
1133:
1063:
993:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
721:in Salmas in March 1918.
99:
68:
59:
54:
47:
3114:West Azerbaijan province
2987:Peacock, Andrew (2017).
2404:Nisan, Mordechai (2002)
1803:Chaldean Catholic Church
1682:(1893–1983) – Politician
591:Clifford Edmund Bosworth
539:it was Arab armies from
2914:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
2075:Salmas can be found at
2013:"Salmas, Salmas County"
791:Salmas in early atlases
782:population is 127,864.
709:, the Patriarch of the
703:of Salmas to be killed.
3530:St. Thaddeus Monastery
1862:1930 Salmas earthquake
932:cold semi-arid climate
749:Language and ethnicity
684:who was consolidating
447:
3545:Jameh Mosque of Urmia
3038:Iran and the Caucasus
3016:Iran and the Caucasus
2359:Brill, E. J. (1993).
2152:Encyclopedia of Islam
2094:"List of all entries"
1896:at Wikimedia Commons
1639:Stepanos V of Salmast
545:Marzuban ibn Muhammad
537:Arab conquest of Iran
426:
119:38.20278°N 44.76694°E
3069:Salmas famous people
2491:on 20 September 2011
930:, Salmas features a
713:was murdered by the
300: • Density
181:Earliest Recognition
4630:Mass murder in 1915
2571:Library of Congress
2515:Syracuse University
2447:on 26 December 2014
2243:Ghodrat-Dizaji 2007
2233:, pp. 194–195.
2204:Ghodrat-Dizaji 2010
2130:on 20 December 2023
2077:GEOnet Names Server
1710:Ardeshir Ovanessian
1688:(1902–1989) – Actor
1456:
1064:Daily mean °C (°F)
554:) of the Daylamite
379:) is a city in the
115: /
3535:Chapel of Dzordzor
3391:Shahin Dezh County
2524:on 20 January 2023
2098:Assyrian Languages
1790:The Haftvan Church
1692:Hossein Sadaghiani
1599:Iranian Revolution
738:Russian Revolution
658:, a large amount.
633:Hamdallah Mustawfi
597:. In 1054/55, the
448:
281: • Total
260: • Metro
252: • Water
236: • Total
124:38.20278; 44.76694
4607:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4552:Kelah Rash-e Pain
4547:Kelah Rash-e Bala
4266:Lulakabad-e Sofla
4096:
4095:
4092:
4091:
3921:Chubanluy-e Sofla
3580:
3579:
3540:St. George Church
3323:Piranshahr County
3001:cite encyclopedia
2921:978-90-04-09834-3
2372:978-90-04-09793-3
2057:on 30 August 2022
1962:Սալմաստ or Դիլման
1892:Media related to
1877:Assyrian homeland
1700:R. Charleroi S.C.
1653:Chaldean Catholic
1630:
1629:
1451:
1450:
1280:relative humidity
892:" at the Time of
868:" at the Time of
844:" at the Time of
816:" at the Time of
688:holdings west of
680:were defeated by
552: 941/42–957
366:
365:
313:Salmasi, Salmassi
289: • Rank
244: • Land
212: • Body
202: • Type
4642:
4489:Sufiabad-e Sofla
4261:Lulakabad-e Olya
4134:
4107:
3916:Chubanluy-e Olya
3693:
3661:
3652:
3619:
3618:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3584:
3505:Takht-e Soleymān
3306:Oshnavieh County
3209:Qarah Zia od Din
3204:Chaypareh County
3187:Chaldoran County
3150:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3084:
3058:
3031:
3010:
3004:
2996:
2983:
2954:
2925:
2897:Heinrichs, W. P.
2886:
2874:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2793:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2765:
2759:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2719:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2677:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2649:
2643:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2615:
2609:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2490:
2474:
2468:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2443:. Archived from
2437:
2431:
2425:
2416:
2402:
2396:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2323:
2317:
2297:Houtsma, M. Th.
2295:
2289:
2269:Houtsma, M. Th.
2267:
2261:
2255:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2207:
2201:
2192:
2186:
2165:
2164:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2090:
2084:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2056:
2040:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2008:
1992:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1922:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1891:
1872:Battle of Dilman
1847:
1835:
1823:
1814:
1799:
1787:
1775:
1763:
1751:
1655:bishop of Salmas
1649:Yohannan Gabriel
1625:
1618:
1611:
1468:
1457:
942:
905:
881:
870:Afsharid dynasty
857:
829:
805:
653:
652: 1295–1304
651:
619:
618: 1063–1072
617:
566:military leader
560:Hamdanid dynasty
556:Sallarid dynasty
553:
551:
525:Takht-e Soleyman
488:
486:
445:
443:
381:Central District
378:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
120:
116:
113:
112:
111:
108:
84:
83:
77:
64:
42:
41:
31:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4591:
4493:
4345:
4296:Shenatal-e Olya
4181:Chahriq-e Sofla
4129:
4127:Rural Districts
4121:
4088:
3975:
3887:
3764:
3688:
3686:Rural Districts
3680:
3641:
3623:
3613:
3611:
3581:
3576:
3564:
3560:Ghoutour Bridge
3525:St. Mary Church
3478:
3369:Sardasht County
3340:Poldasht County
3267:Miandoab County
3159:
3151:
3142:
3126:
3117:
3111:
3080:
3065:
3034:
3013:
2997:
2986:
2957:
2928:
2922:
2889:Bosworth, C. E.
2877:
2871:
2855:Atabaki, Touraj
2853:
2850:
2845:
2828:
2821:
2819:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2786:
2779:
2777:
2768:
2752:
2745:
2743:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2712:
2705:
2703:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2670:
2663:
2661:
2652:
2636:
2629:
2627:
2618:
2602:
2595:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2547:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2460:
2450:
2448:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2426:
2419:
2403:
2399:
2384:
2380:
2373:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2332:. p. 183.
2325:
2324:
2320:
2296:
2292:
2268:
2264:
2256:
2249:
2241:
2237:
2229:
2225:
2217:
2210:
2202:
2195:
2187:
2168:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1988:, romanized as
1923:
1919:
1914:
1907:Iran portal
1901:
1899:
1858:
1851:
1848:
1839:
1836:
1827:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1800:
1791:
1788:
1779:
1776:
1767:
1764:
1755:
1752:
1743:
1725:Emmanuel Agassi
1686:Murad Kostanyan
1680:Abraham Guloyan
1659:Nicholas I Zaya
1635:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1452:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
924:
917:
908:Salmas in 1818
906:
897:
884:Salmas in 1814
882:
873:
860:Salmas in 1747
858:
849:
846:Safavid dynasty
832:Salmas in 1730
830:
821:
818:Safavid dynasty
808:Salmas in 1724
806:
793:
788:
779:
751:
746:
726:Imperial Russia
648:
629:Yaqut al-Hamawi
614:
595:Hadhabani tribe
572:Rawadid dynasty
548:
501:Ferdinand Justi
483:
440:
421:
409:
389:West Azerbaijan
352:
151:West Azerbaijan
123:
121:
117:
114:
109:
106:
104:
102:
101:
95:
94:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
85:
50:
43:
36:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4648:
4646:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4612:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4503:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4464:Qasrik-e Sofla
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4355:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4251:Lakabad-e Olya
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4176:Chahriq-e Olya
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4142:
4140:
4131:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4113:
4111:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3985:
3983:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3774:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3701:
3699:
3690:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3667:
3665:
3658:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3633:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3587:
3578:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3520:Shalmash Falls
3517:
3515:Zarrineh River
3512:
3507:
3502:
3500:Bastam Citadel
3497:
3495:Kelashin Stele
3492:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3289:Naqadeh County
3286:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3238:Mahabad County
3235:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3166:
3164:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3078:
3077:
3071:
3064:
3063:External links
3061:
3060:
3059:
3032:
3022:(2): 191–203.
3011:
2984:
2955:
2926:
2920:
2893:van Donzel, E.
2879:Bosworth, C.E.
2875:
2870:978-1860649646
2869:
2863:. I.B.Tauris.
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2816:Chaharmahalmet
2803:
2801:
2800:
2774:Chaharmahalmet
2740:Chaharmahalmet
2727:
2700:Chaharmahalmet
2687:
2685:
2684:
2658:Chaharmahalmet
2650:
2624:Chaharmahalmet
2590:Chaharmahalmet
2577:
2557:
2535:
2502:
2469:
2458:
2432:
2417:
2397:
2378:
2371:
2351:
2318:
2290:
2262:
2247:
2235:
2231:Shahinyan 2016
2223:
2221:, p. 115.
2219:Shavarebi 2014
2208:
2193:
2166:
2141:
2110:
2085:
2068:
2032:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1818:
1816:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1731:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1656:
1651:(1758–1833) –
1646:
1634:
1633:Notable people
1631:
1628:
1627:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1402:sunshine hours
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
991:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
947:
946:
940:
923:
920:
919:
918:
907:
900:
898:
890:Persian Empire
883:
876:
874:
866:Persian Empire
859:
852:
850:
842:Persian Empire
831:
824:
822:
814:Persian Empire
807:
800:
792:
789:
787:
784:
778:
775:
750:
747:
745:
742:
695:In March 1915
487: 224–242
444: 224–242
420:
417:
408:
405:
364:
363:
360:
354:
353:
340:
338:
332:
331:
321:
315:
314:
311:
305:
304:
301:
297:
296:
290:
286:
285:
282:
278:
277:
273:
272:
269:
265:
264:
261:
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
245:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
228:
227:
224:
217:
216:
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
172:
166:
165:
160:
154:
153:
148:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
97:
96:
87:
86:
79:
78:
72:
71:
70:
69:
66:
65:
57:
56:
52:
51:
48:
45:
44:
37:
34:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4647:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4572:Qasrik-e Olya
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Khvor Khvoreh
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4374:Berushkhvaran
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4336:Zarrin Darreh
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4271:Mateh Kharpeh
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:Qarah Qeshlaq
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3901:Akhteh Khaneh
3899:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3843:Saray-e Malek
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3740:Qabakh Tappeh
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3621:Salmas County
3617:
3608:
3603:
3601:
3596:
3594:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3490:Teppe Hasanlu
3488:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3352:Salmas County
3350:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3333:Gerd Kashaneh
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3192:Siah Cheshmeh
3190:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3108:
3103:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2839:
2833:
2817:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2797:
2791:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2757:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2688:
2681:
2675:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2607:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2459:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2430:, p. 70.
2429:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2414:0-7864-1375-1
2411:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2393:0-415-94766-9
2390:
2382:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2315:90-04-09796-1
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2287:90-04-09796-1
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2245:, p. 90.
2244:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2206:, p. 75.
2205:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2189:Bosworth 1995
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2145:
2142:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2111:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2020:
2019:
2018:OpenStreetMap
2014:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1991:
1983:
1975:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1897:
1895:
1890:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1846:
1841:
1834:
1829:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1793:
1786:
1781:
1774:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1719:Jafar Salmasi
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1704:Fenerbahce SK
1701:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:(d. 1855) –
1660:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:Mean monthly
1398:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1207:
1206:precipitation
1202:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
992:
948:
943:
939:
937:
933:
929:
921:
915:
914:Qajar dynasty
911:
904:
899:
895:
894:Qajar dynasty
891:
887:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
856:
851:
847:
843:
839:
838:Joshua Ottens
835:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
804:
799:
797:
790:
785:
783:
776:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
748:
743:
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
705:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
659:
657:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:Seljuk Empire
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
506:
502:
499:
496:. The German
495:
490:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
438:
434:
430:
425:
418:
416:
414:
406:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:Salmas County
382:
374:
370:
361:
359:
350:
347:
344:
339:
337:
329:
325:
322:
320:
312:
310:
302:
295:
291:
283:
270:
262:
254:
246:
238:
225:
223:
220: •
214:
207:
206:Mayor–Council
204:
191:
183:
176:
173:
171:
164:
161:
159:
152:
149:
147:
140:
137:
128:
100:Coordinates:
76:
63:
46:
32:
26:
22:
21:Salmas County
4130:and villages
4116:
4004:Darzeh Konan
3999:Baghcheh Jik
3966:Yalquz Aghaj
3961:Soltan Ahmad
3931:Hamzeh Kandi
3906:Bakhsh Kandi
3783:Chahar Sotun
3689:and villages
3670:
3636:
3447:Urmia County
3435:Takab County
3413:Showt County
3356:
3170:Bukan County
3079:
3042:
3036:
3019:
3015:
2992:
2966:(1): 69–80.
2963:
2959:
2937:(1): 87–93.
2934:
2930:
2911:
2910:Volume VIII:
2904:
2859:
2820:. Retrieved
2815:
2806:
2778:. Retrieved
2773:
2744:. Retrieved
2739:
2730:
2704:. Retrieved
2699:
2690:
2662:. Retrieved
2657:
2628:. Retrieved
2623:
2594:. Retrieved
2589:
2580:
2569:
2560:
2548:. Retrieved
2538:
2526:. Retrieved
2519:the original
2514:
2505:
2495:25 September
2493:. Retrieved
2486:the original
2481:
2472:
2461:
2449:. Retrieved
2445:the original
2435:
2428:Atabaki 2006
2405:
2400:
2386:
2381:
2361:
2354:
2328:
2321:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2258:Peacock 2017
2238:
2226:
2150:
2144:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:the original
2123:
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2097:
2088:
2071:
2059:. Retrieved
2052:the original
2047:
2023:. Retrieved
2021:(in Persian)
2016:
2006:
1989:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:; formerly
1933:
1929:
1920:
1898:
1886:
1882:Khoy Khanate
1867:Nor Shirakan
1734:Hadi Asghari
1729:Andre Agassi
1641:(d. 1567) –
1602:
1594:
1208:mm (inches)
935:
925:
888:Map of the "
864:Map of the "
840:Map of the "
794:
780:
755:Azerbaijanis
752:
744:Demographics
723:
719:Simko Shikak
704:
699:ordered 800
694:
678:Kara Koyunlu
675:
660:
626:
576:
541:Diyar Rabi'a
529:al-Baladhuri
522:
491:
464:Nor Shirakan
462:province of
449:
410:
368:
367:
348:
345:
342:
25:
4409:Hajji Jafan
4364:Ali Bolaghi
4039:Khosrowabad
3848:Shekar Yazi
3725:Khan Takhti
3697:Kenarporuzh
3676:Tazeh Shahr
3428:Yowla Galdi
3396:Shahin Dezh
3362:Tazeh Shahr
3299:Mohammadyar
3282:Chahar Borj
3250:Maku County
3216:Khoy County
3076:, Maplandia
3049:: 115–133.
2995:. New York.
2989:"Rawwadids"
2901:Lecomte, G.
2528:19 December
2451:26 December
2134:20 December
2061:19 December
2025:16 February
1966:Azerbaijani
1674:Paul Bedjan
734:Enver Pasha
583:al-Istakhri
518:Adurbadagan
505:Iranologist
498:orientalist
472:rock relief
429:rock relief
122: /
4614:Categories
4469:Qezel Kand
4359:Agh Barzeh
4231:Jang-e Sar
4221:Hemmatabad
4044:Kuchameshk
3994:Aqa Esmail
3941:Khaneh Dam
3823:Mafi Kandi
3770:Koreh Soni
3720:Kani Sefid
3510:Lake Urmia
3406:Mahmudabad
3328:Piranshahr
2329:Sayfo 1915
1999:References
1643:Catholicos
1463:Population
926:Under the
777:Population
761:with some
717:chieftain
707:Mar Shimun
697:Cevdet Bey
690:Lake Urmia
665:patriarch
622:Byzantines
611:Alp Arslan
587:al-Maqdisi
579:Ibn Hawkal
514:Paytakaran
480:Ardashir I
452:Azerbaijan
437:Ardashir I
413:Daylamites
397:Lake Urmia
391:province,
309:Demonym(s)
276:Population
197:Government
184:224–242 AD
110:44°46′01″E
107:38°12′10″N
4582:Siveh Dar
4562:Ostunrash
4532:Heshterak
4454:Nazarabad
4449:Kuzehrash
4429:Keshkavij
4399:Goleh Dam
4311:Susanabad
4226:Jamalabad
4216:Hasbasheh
4206:Garmavich
4191:Darmandek
4156:Baharabad
4084:Ziveh Jik
4064:Patah Vir
4054:Moghanjuq
3989:Abdolabad
3911:Bargoshad
3858:Shirah Ki
3818:Lashgiran
3755:Tizkharab
3715:Aq Ziarat
3647:Districts
3423:Marganlar
3401:Keshavarz
3311:Oshnavieh
2980:163839498
2951:133088896
2365:. BRILL.
2346:198820452
2081:this link
1926:romanized
1805:in Salmas
1328:dew point
910:Pinkerton
786:Geography
767:Assyrians
763:Armenians
701:Assyrians
682:Shah Rukh
667:Yaballaha
641:Ilkhanate
603:Rawwadids
468:Armenians
407:Etymology
358:Area code
319:Time zone
268:Elevation
4577:Shirvani
4557:Khenavin
4527:Harakian
4499:Shepiran
4414:Haplaran
4394:Gabrabad
4351:Shenetal
4326:Yunjaliq
4316:Tamrabad
4291:Qazrabad
4211:Haqvaran
4166:Balqazan
4034:Khanaqah
4029:Kalashan
3981:Zulachay
3971:Yushanlu
3956:Sadaqian
3951:Qezeljah
3936:Kangarlu
3893:Lakestan
3883:Yengejeh
3828:Pekachuk
3793:Deyr Ali
3760:Zindasht
3745:Shur Gel
3555:Segonbad
3472:Silvaneh
3374:Sardasht
3345:Poldasht
3272:Miandoab
3260:Bazargan
3180:Simmineh
3157:Counties
2903:(eds.).
2884:"Salmās"
2881:(1995).
2857:(2006).
2832:cite web
2790:cite web
2756:cite web
2716:cite web
2674:cite web
2640:cite web
2606:cite web
2307:page 588
2279:page 118
2124:Lamtakam
2103:14 March
1958:Armenian
1946:Shahpoor
1938:Dīlmagān
1856:See also
1442:2,889.5
1330:°C (°F)
1326:Average
1278:Average
1204:Average
812:Map of "
730:Cossacks
494:Shapur I
478:monarch
476:Sasanian
460:Armenian
456:Urartian
435:monarch
433:Sasanian
336:ZIP code
324:UTC+3:30
170:District
146:Province
4587:Urtanis
4567:Ostureh
4542:Karikan
4507:Balakan
4479:Shamrin
4459:Pirmand
4389:Deshvan
4301:Shirani
4281:Mirabad
4201:Gardian
4151:Aslanik
4138:Chahriq
4069:Pekajik
4024:Haftvan
4019:Golozan
4009:Dereshk
3926:Habashi
3853:Sheydan
3838:Rigabad
3788:Chichak
3656:Central
3629:Capital
3483:Tourism
3462:Qushchi
3379:Mirabad
3294:Naqadeh
3243:Mahabad
3231:Ivughli
3226:Firuraq
3131:Capital
2912:Ned–Sam
2848:Sources
2522:(Excel)
2489:(Excel)
2055:(Excel)
2015:(Map).
1990:Salamas
1986:ܣܵܠܵܡܵܣ
1974:Kurdish
1956:; also
1950:Shāhpūr
1930:Salamas
1741:Gallery
1603:Sources
1575:101,441
1395:(36.2)
1390:(23.4)
1385:(32.0)
1380:(38.7)
1375:(42.4)
1370:(50.2)
1365:(51.6)
1360:(46.4)
1355:(43.2)
1350:(34.7)
1345:(27.3)
1340:(23.0)
1335:(21.6)
1273:(9.75)
1268:(0.39)
1263:(0.85)
1258:(0.89)
1253:(0.39)
1248:(0.32)
1243:(0.31)
1238:(0.81)
1233:(1.81)
1228:(1.73)
1223:(1.18)
1218:(0.66)
1213:(0.41)
1199:(41.3)
1194:(23.0)
1189:(32.5)
1184:(44.6)
1179:(53.1)
1174:(61.7)
1169:(62.1)
1164:(55.6)
1159:(47.3)
1154:(40.6)
1149:(32.5)
1144:(23.7)
1139:(18.5)
1129:(52.6)
1124:(31.8)
1119:(42.6)
1114:(56.8)
1109:(66.7)
1104:(75.2)
1099:(75.2)
1094:(69.1)
1089:(59.5)
1084:(51.3)
1079:(43.2)
1074:(32.9)
1069:(27.1)
1059:(64.0)
1054:(40.6)
1049:(52.7)
1044:(69.1)
1039:(80.4)
1034:(88.7)
1029:(88.3)
1024:(82.8)
1019:(71.6)
1014:(61.9)
1009:(53.8)
1004:(42.1)
999:(35.6)
922:Climate
886:Thomson
715:Kurdish
686:Timurid
671:Baghdad
607:Seljuks
564:Kurdish
510:Arsacid
419:History
399:, near
373:Persian
189:Rebuilt
175:Central
135:Country
4517:Dustan
4512:Delazi
4484:Shiveh
4419:Jandar
4379:Dergah
4369:Ashnak
4306:Siavan
4286:Qasrik
4246:Katban
4241:Kalran
4236:Kahriz
4196:Elyasi
4171:Barazi
4110:Cities
4102:Kuhsar
4074:Sarnaq
4049:Malham
4014:Gavlan
3878:Vardan
3873:Ureban
3863:Shurik
3813:Kanian
3798:Gavlan
3735:Moghul
3710:Akhyan
3705:Abgarm
3671:Salmas
3664:Cities
3637:Salmas
3569:Places
3457:Nushin
3357:Salmas
3197:Avajiq
3162:cities
3116:, Iran
2978:
2949:
2918:
2899:&
2867:
2822:4 July
2780:4 July
2746:4 July
2706:4 July
2664:4 July
2630:4 July
2596:4 July
2550:20 May
2412:
2391:
2369:
2344:
2313:
2285:
1982:Syriac
1980:; and
1978:سەڵماس
1954:Shapur
1952:, and
1942:Dīlman
1934:Salmās
1894:Salmas
1826:Salmas
1564:97,060
1556:+37.0%
1553:89,617
1545:+29.3%
1542:65,416
1534:+83.0%
1531:50,573
1523:+27.3%
1520:27,638
1512:+64.9%
1509:21,703
1498:13,161
1439:137.8
1436:174.3
1433:240.0
1430:305.8
1427:348.4
1424:354.4
1421:347.4
1418:245.3
1415:214.0
1412:214.7
1409:168.4
1406:139.0
950:Month
834:Reiner
810:Homann
769:, and
656:dinars
645:Ghazan
643:ruler
637:vizier
568:Daysam
401:Turkey
369:Salmas
341:58811
284:92,811
215:Salmas
163:Salmas
158:County
88:Salmas
55:Salmas
35:Salmas
4537:Kalik
4522:Guzik
4474:Senji
4434:Kesis
4424:Kapik
4404:Guzik
4384:Derik
4331:Zangu
4321:Varik
4256:Lilus
4186:Darab
4161:Bahik
4146:Ajvaj
4079:Sureh
4059:Owlaq
3868:Silab
3808:Hadar
3803:Gubeh
3750:Tamar
3730:Minas
3467:Serow
3452:Urmia
3440:Takab
3418:Showt
3384:Rabat
3316:Nalus
3277:Baruq
3175:Bukan
3138:Urmia
3047:Brill
3045:(2).
2976:S2CID
2947:S2CID
2887:. In
2342:S2CID
2299:et al
2271:et al
2079:, at
1970:سلماس
1924:Also
1912:Notes
1668:Raffi
1583:2021
1578:+4.5%
1572:2016
1567:+8.3%
1561:2011
1550:2006
1539:1996
1528:1986
1517:1976
1506:1966
1495:1956
1487:~7000
1484:1934
1476:~8000
1473:1930
1271:247.5
989:Year
862:Bowen
759:Kurds
533:Mosul
377:سلماس
351:58991
346:58XXX
292:TBA,
222:Mayor
40:سلماس
4341:Zula
4117:none
3778:Ayan
3255:Maku
3221:Khoy
3160:and
3007:link
2916:ISBN
2865:ISBN
2838:link
2824:2024
2796:link
2782:2024
2762:link
2748:2024
2722:link
2708:2024
2680:link
2666:2024
2646:link
2632:2024
2612:link
2598:2024
2552:2017
2530:2022
2497:2022
2482:AMAR
2453:2014
2410:ISBN
2389:ISBN
2367:ISBN
2311:ISBN
2283:ISBN
2136:2023
2105:2020
2063:2022
2048:AMAR
2027:2024
1932:and
1702:and
1595:Note
1460:Year
1388:−4.8
1368:10.1
1363:10.9
1343:−2.6
1338:−5.0
1333:−5.8
1282:(%)
1261:21.5
1256:22.6
1236:20.7
1231:46.0
1226:43.9
1221:29.9
1216:16.8
1211:10.3
1192:−5.0
1177:11.7
1172:16.5
1167:16.7
1162:13.1
1142:−4.6
1137:−7.5
1127:11.5
1122:−0.1
1112:13.8
1107:19.3
1102:24.0
1097:24.0
1092:20.6
1087:15.3
1082:10.7
1067:−2.7
1057:17.8
1047:11.5
1042:20.6
1037:26.9
1032:31.5
1027:31.3
1022:28.2
1017:22.0
1012:16.6
1007:12.1
986:Dec
983:Nov
980:Oct
977:Sep
974:Aug
971:Jul
968:Jun
965:May
962:Apr
959:Mar
956:Feb
953:Jan
836:and
771:Jews
757:and
581:and
470:. A
427:The
393:Iran
328:IRST
294:Iran
231:Area
192:1930
139:Iran
49:City
4444:Kum
3051:doi
3024:doi
2968:doi
2939:doi
2334:doi
2157:doi
1928:as
1586:N/A
1393:2.3
1383:0.0
1378:3.7
1373:5.8
1358:8.0
1353:6.2
1348:1.5
1321:57
1318:76
1315:68
1312:52
1309:42
1306:40
1303:43
1300:45
1297:58
1294:56
1291:58
1288:69
1285:76
1266:9.8
1251:9.9
1246:8.1
1241:8.0
1197:5.1
1187:0.3
1182:7.0
1157:8.5
1152:4.8
1147:0.3
1117:5.9
1077:6.2
1072:0.5
1052:4.8
1002:5.6
997:2.0
936:BSk
669:in
383:of
226:N/A
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3041:.
3020:20
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2999:{{
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2964:48
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2480:.
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2309:,
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2122:.
2096:.
2046:.
2035:^
1984::
1976::
1972:;
1968::
1964:;
1960::
1948:,
1944:,
1940:,
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1467:±%
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740:.
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650:r.
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550:r.
520:.
485:r.
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