225:, and was accused of spending the tithe on provisions for this war. Henry died later in the year before the crusade was underway; according to Girardus, this was divine punishment for such a harsh tithe. Richard succeeded him and found the treasury full, although he collected even more money by selling land and imposing various fines throughout England. Altogether, Henry and Richard succeeded in raising 100,000 silver
244:. In 1194, another massive tax was imposed on England in order to raise his ransom money. It was essentially a repeat of the Saladin tithe of 1188, but in this case the tax was set at the much higher rate of 25%. The same organizational structure and machinery of collection was used to raise money for
375:
Reprinted in Roy C. Cave & Herbert H. Coulson, A Source Book for
Medieval Economic History, (Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Co., 1936; reprint ed., New York: Biblo & Tannen, 1965), pp. 387–388. Scanned by Jerome S. Arkenberg, Cal. State Fullerton. The text has been modernized by Arkenberg.
204:
The same tithe was levied in France, but Philip did not have the same centralized government there, and faced much opposition which he could not control. The tithe was also levied less successfully in
England's territories in France. Henry suggested that
118:, and local sheriffs had no role in the collection of the tithe. The money was collected instead by the local priest or bishop, the dean of the local church, the local baron, and a sergeant of the king, as well as, notably, a
126:, whose orders were especially concerned with the defense of the Holy Land. Assessments were made by oaths in rural areas, and by a jury in urban areas. Certain items were exempt from assessment:
150:
Anyone who joined the crusade was exempt from the tithe altogether. This was meant to encourage participation, and many did indeed join in order to avoid the tallage. All other landowners, both
185:, in 1166 and 1185. The tithe was extremely unpopular, despite the general acknowledgement that it was, at least in English eyes, for a worthy cause. Because assessments were made by dioceses,
523:
146:, garments and vestments, and all appurtenances of whatever sort used by clerks in divine service, and the precious stones belonging to both clerks and laymen.
516:
654:
509:
289:
240:
coast for the remnant of the
Kingdom of Jerusalem, but King Richard could not conquer Jerusalem. On his return home he was taken hostage by
181:. At the time, this was the largest-ever tax collected in England, although Henry had previously levied other taxes for assistance to the
669:
492:
474:
448:
408:
684:
532:
257:
241:
659:
91:
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and laymen, had to pay the tithe; if anyone disagreed with the assessment of their property, they were imprisoned or
423:
67:
674:
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190:
213:, but William refused, as English power did not yet extend so far north as to force the tithe upon the Scots.
649:
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170:
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In the end, Henry never went on crusade. In 1189, he was involved in a war with Philip and his own son
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123:
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in attendance; on
February 11, Henry began to organize the preaching of the crusade in England at
339:
331:
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177:. The amount collected from Jews was more likely £10,000, with another £2,000 collected in 1190.
35:
400:
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285:
237:
186:
39:
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63:
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618:
369:
Stubbs, William, ed. (1913). "Henry II, King of
England: The Saladin Tithe, 1188".
226:
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173:, £70,000 was collected from Christians, and another £60,000 was collected from
501:
95:
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Douglas, David
Charles, ed. (1996). "Ordinance of the Saladin Tithe (1188)".
182:
163:
159:
43:
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210:
162:, a separate office with ten tellers was set up to collect the tithe in
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193:, was especially blamed. He spent most of the year (perhaps wisely) in
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a tenth of his revenues and movables with the exception of the arms,
110:
of 10% on revenues and movable properties. The tithe was assessed by
71:
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Cazel, Fred A. (1955). "The Tax of 1185 in Aid of the Holy Land".
194:
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The
Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queens Who Made England
356:
Tyerman, Christopher. God's War: A New
History of the Crusades
174:
25:
197:, preaching the crusade, accompanied by the chronicler
463:
Mitchell, Sydney Knox (1951). Painter, Sidney (ed.).
392:
284:(revised ed.). Viking; edition (April 18, ).
371:Select Charters of English Constitutional History
142:, and likewise with the exception of the horses,
70:itself. When news of the city's capture reached
98:. There he also discussed the "Saladin tithe."
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8:
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158:. While taxes were usually collected by the
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459:, Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 1979.
395:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings
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42:, in 1188, in response to the capture of
469:In print edition by Archon Books. 1971.
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424:Bank of England UK Inflation Calculator
373:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 189.
269:
62:'s army was defeated by Saladin at the
441:English Historical Documents 1042–1189
7:
455:, See also out of print 1st edition
399:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp.
485:England and the Crusades, 1095–1588
78:was promulgated. In January 1188,
14:
130:This year each man shall give in
106:The Saladin tithe was a literal
487:. University of Chicago Press.
74:by the end of the year, a new
1:
655:Taxation in medieval England
533:Taxation in medieval England
465:Taxation in Medieval England
457:English Historical Documents
258:Taxation in medieval England
242:Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
443:(2nd ed.). Routledge.
248:'s wars in France in 1207.
92:Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre
706:
670:Medieval economic history
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86:discussed the crusade at
467:. Yale University Press.
229:with the Saladin tithe.
191:Archbishop of Canterbury
102:Collection of the tithe
148:
66:; in October, Saladin
589:Exchequer of the Jews
566:Taxatio Ecclesiastica
223:Richard the Lionheart
171:Gervase of Canterbury
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38:and, to some extent,
28:(more specifically a
685:Richard I of England
481:Tyerman, Christopher
138:and garments of the
60:Kingdom of Jerusalem
280:Jones, Dan (2013).
236:helped capture the
199:Giraldus Cambrensis
179:(£82k ≈ £150m 2016)
84:Philip II of France
80:Henry II of England
660:Taxation in France
209:levy the tithe in
124:Knight Hospitaller
68:captured Jerusalem
58:In July 1187, the
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391:Bartlett (2000).
291:978-0-670-02665-4
187:Baldwin of Exeter
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18:Saladin tithe
629:Subsidy roll
619:Scot and lot
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34:) levied in
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584:Benevolence
551:Boldon Book
22:Aid of 1188
644:Categories
264:References
96:Geddington
54:Background
344:159681631
246:King John
217:Aftermath
183:Holy Land
164:Salisbury
160:Exchequer
50:in 1187.
44:Jerusalem
20:, or the
545:Carucage
483:(1988).
315:Speculum
252:See also
211:Scotland
112:dioceses
24:, was a
680:Saladin
624:Scutage
609:Pontage
571:Thelony
561:Tallage
401:165–168
336:2848077
152:clerics
140:knights
90:, with
88:Le Mans
76:crusade
48:Saladin
36:England
31:tallage
690:Tithes
604:Pavage
594:Muragh
491:
473:
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342:
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189:, the
136:horses
122:and a
116:shires
72:Europe
40:France
340:S2CID
332:JSTOR
227:marks
195:Wales
144:books
108:tithe
489:ISBN
471:ISBN
445:ISBN
405:ISBN
286:ISBN
175:Jews
132:alms
82:and
16:The
324:doi
46:by
26:tax
646::
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383:^
361:^
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320:30
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518:t
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