29:
919:
154:
146:
364:
a
European Union proposal to limit the amount to 0.3%, which was met with wide opposition. Although the European Union now regulates the use of ammonium chloride to 0.3% in most foodstuffs, there is no specific restriction for it in liquorice or ice cream. At a level of up to 7.99% ammonium chloride, salmiak pastilles are considered a "traditionally-applied medicine to assist
162:
905:
530:
131:
363:
The strength of the confectionery depends on the amount of food grade ammonium chloride (salmiak salt) used, which varies by country and what's considered a safe amount. In Sweden, for example, the most popular types of salty liquorice contain an average of 7% of ammonium chloride. In 2012, there was
239:
are almost always black or very dark brown and can range from soft candy to hard pastille variety, and sometimes hard brittle. The other colours used are white and variants of grey. Salty liquorice or salmiak is also used as a flavouring in other products, such as
826:[Adult Liquorice - Not Children's Liquorice] (in German). Berlin: Verbraucherzentrale, Lebensmittelklarheit: Internetportal gefördert im Rahmen der Initiative "Klarheit und Wahrheit" des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft. 14 July 2017.
287:
that manufactured their own cough medicine. Where and when ammonium chloride and liquorice were first combined to produce salty liquorice is unclear, but by the 1930s it was produced in
Finland, Norway, Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands as a
473:
521:) was also required on packaging. More than 7.99% of ammonium chloride (salmiak salt) was not permitted in Germany at that point in time. Since then, the upper limit on ammonium chloride has been lifted.
771:"Commission implementing regulation (EU) No 872/2012 of 1 October 2012 adopting the list of flavouring substances provided for by Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 of the European Parliament and of the Council"
597:, produced by the German candy manufacturer Katjes, currently containing 2% salmiak salt and 6% liquorice root extract (formerly 1.8% salmiak salt and 4.5% liquorice root extract).
730:
708:
513:
required that a content from above 2% ammonium chloride (salmiak salt) in salty liquorice, was required to carry the label "Adult
Liquorice - Not Children's Liquorice" (
224:
oil can also be an additional main ingredient in salty liquorice. Extra-salty liquorice is additionally coated with salmiak salt or salmiak powder, or sometimes
517:) on packaging in Germany. When the ingredient content of ammonium chloride (salmiak salt) was between 4.49% and 7.99%, the declaration "extra strong" (
149:
A pocket tin containing small salmiak liquorice pastilles in the traditional diamond shape. Pastilles are usually of the hard liquorice lozenge variety.
220:, which adds bitterness and astringency to the flavour. Consuming salmiak liquorice can stimulate either a savoury or non-savoury palate and response.
775:
393:
971:
871:
635:
805:
852:
737:
716:
981:
157:
Salmiak liquorice candy in the traditional diamond shape. These candies are usually of the soft to medium-soft liquorice variety.
991:
976:
687:
996:
683:
986:
770:
643:
823:
181:
134:
809:
600:
257:
879:
569:
593:
Salzige
Heringe (Salty Herrings), a popular German brand of salmiak liquorice candy shaped like
883:
848:
647:
376:
369:
272:
193:
93:
843:
483:
353:
301:
209:
201:
33:
309:
284:
105:
75:
752:
28:
924:
502:
375:
An antibacterial effect can be attributed to the neutralization of the slightly acidic
349:
276:
965:
786:
606:
101:
57:
731:"Minun kuuluisi tehdä esitelmä Ranskassa salmiakista, enkä ole löytänyt tietoja..."
587:
268:
189:
113:
89:
938:
300:
Different languages often refer to salty liquorice as either "salmiak liquorice" (
590:
Parate or "Piratos" coins, a salty liquorice shaped like coins with pirate motifs
283:. Finnish author Jukka Annala speculates that salty liquorice has its origins in
212:. Salmiak salt gives salty liquorice an astringent, salty taste, akin to that of
910:
756:
280:
249:
153:
109:
946:
691:
145:
900:
241:
197:
887:
651:
542:
345:
236:
217:
161:
85:
37:
529:
130:
581:
575:
479:
468:{\displaystyle \mathrm {NH_{4}^{+}+OH^{-}\longrightarrow NH_{3}+H_{2}O} }
289:
594:
510:
384:
329:
213:
205:
904:
665:
549:
380:
365:
245:
808:[Salmiak lozenges: salty and healthy?] (in German). Berlin:
736:(in Finnish). Helsinki City Library. 25 October 2008. Archived from
715:(in Finnish). Helsinki City Library. 17 October 2008. Archived from
537:
In addition to being used in candy, salmiak is also used to flavour
538:
528:
232:
221:
160:
152:
144:
117:
97:
325:
557:
553:
506:
253:
225:
185:
505:
community-wide list of permitted flavouring substances used in
546:
709:"Mistä johtuu, että salmiakki on herkkua vain Pohjoismaissa?"
939:
Descriptions and reviews of many Danish liquorice products
932:
533:"The UFO Shot" is a berry liqueur flavoured with salmiak.
666:"Salammoniac: Salammoniac mineral information and data"
328:" or "dubbelzoute drop" (double salted liquorice). In
396:
340:) or simply Salmiak, in contrast to sweet liquorice (
165:
Salmiak liquorice candy produced in various shapes.
81:
71:
63:
53:
45:
467:
344:) candy. A traditional shape for salty liquorice
387:is released, which has a disinfecting effect:
332:, they are commonly known as salt liquorice (
8:
19:
572:, a Finnish brand of salty liquorice candy
379:(pH about 5.5) by the relatively alkaline
27:
18:
947:"Salty liquorice: The not-so-sweet sweet"
876:Proquest Digital Microfilm New York Times
824:"Erwachsenenlakritz – kein Kinderlakritz"
640:Proquest Digital Microfilm New York Times
603:, a Finnish salmiak-flavoured vodka brand
455:
442:
426:
410:
405:
397:
395:
753:"Saltlakritsen räddad efter beslut i EU"
316:), or simply "salt liquorice" (Swedish:
806:"Salmiak-Pastillen: Salzig und gesund?"
800:
798:
796:
703:
701:
629:
627:
623:
515:Erwachsenenlakritz - Kein Kinderlakritz
776:Official Journal of the European Union
501:Before implementation of the current
7:
613:), a popular brand of salmiak candy
275:) has a history of being used as a
870:Binelli, Mark (October 24, 2018).
751:Oskar Forsberg (12 October 2012).
461:
452:
439:
435:
423:
419:
402:
398:
14:
933:The Finnish Salmiakki Association
672:. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
634:Binelli, Mark (24 October 2018).
945:Mark Bosworth (4 October 2013).
917:
903:
129:
584:, a Finnish gummy salmiak candy
509:, national food legislation in
336:) candy and salmiak pastilles (
70:
44:
872:"The Candy Issue: Salty Tooth"
688:Hennepin County Medical Center
636:"The Candy Issue: Salty Tooth"
432:
1:
324:). The Dutch refer to it as "
88:-root extract, salmiak salt (
49:salmiak or salmiac liquorice
644:The New York Times Magazine
1013:
552:, ice cream, cola drinks,
497:Germany and European Union
348:is a black diamond-shaped
135:Media: Salty liquorice
972:Liquorice (confectionery)
124:
26:
564:Salty liquorice products
982:Norwegian confectionery
578:, a salty salmiak candy
184:flavoured with salmiak
36:variety of extra salty
841:Annala, Jukka (2001).
810:Norddeutscher Rundfunk
690:. 2004. Archived from
534:
469:
383:(pH about 7), whereby
166:
158:
150:
992:Finnish confectionery
977:Swedish confectionery
601:Salmiakki Koskenkorva
532:
486:to ammonia and water.
470:
216:—a characteristic of
164:
156:
148:
997:Danish confectionery
394:
279:, as it works as an
16:Variety of liquorice
987:Dutch confectionery
415:
258:alcoholic beverages
196:), and is a common
23:
880:The New York Times
783:. 2 October 2012.
570:Apteekin Salmiakki
535:
465:
401:
180:, is a variety of
167:
159:
151:
785:In category 5 –
492:Health and safety
487:
377:ammonium chloride
356:, it is known as
273:ammonium chloride
194:ammonium chloride
178:salmiac liquorice
174:salmiak liquorice
143:
142:
94:ammonium chloride
46:Alternative names
1004:
958:
956:
954:
927:
922:
921:
920:
913:
908:
907:
891:
858:
828:
827:
820:
814:
813:
812:. 10 March 2014.
802:
791:
790:
767:
761:
760:
748:
742:
741:
727:
721:
720:
705:
696:
695:
694:on 4 March 2012.
684:"Winter Hazards"
680:
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631:
477:
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338:Salmiakpastillen
231:Salty liquorice
210:northern Germany
202:Nordic countries
133:
82:Main ingredients
31:
24:
22:
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863:Further reading
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664:
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620:
582:Pantteri/Katten
566:
527:
499:
494:
451:
438:
422:
392:
391:
298:
285:pharmacy stores
266:
170:Salty liquorice
139:
106:modified starch
76:Northern Europe
72:Place of origin
41:
21:Salty liquorice
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1010:
1008:
1000:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
964:
963:
960:
959:
942:
936:
929:
928:
925:Finland portal
914:
898:
897:External links
895:
893:
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866:
864:
861:
860:
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836:
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829:
815:
792:
762:
755:(in Swedish).
743:
740:on 4 May 2012.
722:
719:on 4 May 2012.
697:
675:
657:
622:
621:
619:
616:
615:
614:
611:Turkish pepper
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503:European Union
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314:Salmiaklakrids
306:Salmiaklakrits
297:
294:
277:cough medicine
265:
262:
141:
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125:
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854:952-5180-27-1
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838:
834:
825:
819:
816:
811:
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799:
797:
793:
789:
788:
787:quantum satis
782:
778:
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772:
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607:Tyrkisk Peber
605:
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484:base solution
481:
478:Reaction of (
476:
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448:
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366:expectoration
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200:found in the
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102:glucose syrup
99:
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80:
77:
74:
66:
62:
59:
58:confectionery
56:
52:
48:
39:
35:
30:
25:
951:. Retrieved
935:(in Finnish)
875:
842:
818:
784:
780:
774:
765:
746:
738:the original
733:
725:
717:the original
712:
692:the original
678:
669:
660:
639:
610:
588:Pirate coins
545:, distilled
536:
518:
514:
500:
374:
362:
357:
341:
337:
333:
321:
317:
313:
305:
299:
269:Sal ammoniac
267:
230:
190:sal ammoniac
177:
173:
169:
168:
116:, sometimes
114:maltodextrin
90:sal ammoniac
941:(in Danish)
911:Food portal
757:Aftonbladet
519:extra stark
334:Salzlakritz
322:Saltlakrids
318:Saltlakrits
281:expectorant
250:chewing gum
110:brown sugar
966:Categories
949:. BBC News
882:Magazine.
670:Mindat.org
618:References
525:Other uses
482:)-ions in
342:SĂĽĂźlakritz
326:zoute drop
320:; Danish:
242:ice creams
226:table salt
198:confection
953:4 October
888:0362-4331
844:Salmiakki
652:0362-4331
543:chocolate
433:⟶
428:−
358:salmiakki
346:pastilles
237:pastilles
218:red wines
182:liquorice
86:liquorice
38:liquorice
576:Lakrisal
480:ammonium
290:pastille
734:Kysy.fi
713:Kysy.fi
595:herring
511:Germany
385:ammonia
370:airways
368:in the
354:Finnish
350:lozenge
330:Germany
302:Swedish
264:History
214:tannins
206:Benelux
112:syrup,
34:Swedish
886:
851:
650:
556:, and
550:brandy
381:saliva
310:Danish
246:syrups
208:, and
128:
64:Course
835:Books
539:vodka
352:. In
296:Types
233:candy
222:Anise
118:anise
98:sugar
40:candy
955:2013
884:ISSN
849:ISBN
781:L267
648:ISSN
558:meat
554:snus
507:food
256:and
254:snus
235:and
186:salt
67:Food
54:Type
547:rye
372:".
176:or
120:oil
96:),
968::
878:.
874:.
847:.
795:^
779:.
773:.
711:.
700:^
686:.
668:.
646:.
642:.
638:.
626:^
560:.
541:,
360:.
312::
308:;
304::
292:.
260:.
252:,
248:,
244:,
228:.
204:,
192:;
172:,
108:,
104:,
100:,
92:;
957:.
890:.
857:.
759:.
654:.
609:(
462:O
457:2
453:H
449:+
444:3
440:H
436:N
424:H
420:O
417:+
412:+
407:4
403:H
399:N
271:(
188:(
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