60:
6852:
3816:
6863:
4261:
4248:
641:
4238:
1874:. In time, the Buddha's awakening came to be understood as an immediate full awakening and liberation, instead of the insight into and certainty about the way to follow to reach enlightenment. In some Zen traditions, however, this perfection came to be relativized again; according to one contemporary Zen master, "Shakyamuni buddha and Bodhidharma are still practicing."
1915:, a branch of Mahayana Buddhism, regards Buddhahood as a state of perfect freedom, in which one is awakened to the eternal and ultimate truth that is the reality of all things. This supreme state of life is characterized by boundless wisdom and infinite compassion. The Lotus Sutra reveals that Buddhahood is a potential in the lives of all beings.
1085:. Originally only "prajna" may have been mentioned, and Tillman Vetter even concludes that originally dhyana itself was deemed liberating, with the stilling of pleasure or pain in the fourth jhana, not the gaining of some perfect wisdom or insight. Gombrich also argues that the emphasis on insight is a later development.
961:
is not the result of an illumination, but of a path of realization, or coming to understanding. The term "enlightenment" is event-oriented, whereas the term "awakening" is process-oriented. The western use of the term "enlighten" has
Christian roots, as in Calvin's "It is God alone who enlightens our
1653:
may have been used, which came to be replaced by the four truths in those texts where "liberating insight" was preceded by the four jhanas. Bronkhorst also notices that the conception of what exactly this "liberating insight" was developed throughout time. Whereas originally it may not have been
1989:... it means that you are to know the inherent natural state of the mind by eliminating the split into a perceiving subject and perceived objects which normally occurs in the world and is wrongly thought to be real. This also corresponds to the Yogacara definition ... that emptiness (
1425:
Nirvana is the "blowing out" of disturbing emotions, which is the same as liberation. The usage of the term "enlightenment" to translate "nirvana" was popularized in the 19th century, in part, due to the efforts of Max Müller, who used the term consistently in his translations.
1363:
According to
Bronkhorst, the first two knowledges are later additions, while insight into the four truths represents a later development, in response to concurring religious traditions, in which "liberating insight" came to be stressed over the practice of
1977:
as well, the state of Bodhi is regarded as naturally inherent in the mind. Bodhi is the mind's natural and pure state, where no distinction is being made between a perceiving subject and perceived objects. This is also the understanding of Bodhi found in
1908:
is the ideal. The ultimate goal is not only of one's own liberation in
Buddhahood, but the liberation of all living beings. The cosmology of Mahayana Buddhism regards a wide range of buddhas and bodhisattvas, who assist humans on their way to liberation.
1628:, the extinction of the passions whereby suffering is ended and no more rebirths take place. The insight arises that this liberation is certain: "Knowledge arose in me, and insight: my freedom is certain, this is my last birth, now there is no rebirth."
3433:
On some
Aspects of Descriptions or Theories of 'Liberating Insight' and 'Enlightenment' in Early Buddhism". In: Studien zum Jainismus und Buddhismus (Gedenkschrift für Ludwig Alsdorf), hrsg. von Klaus Bruhn und Albrecht Wezler, Wiesbaden 1981,
969:
was translated as "intelligence". The term "enlighten" was first being used in 1835, in an
English translation of a French article, while the first recorded use of the term 'enlightenment' is credited (by the Oxford English Dictionary) to the
1636:
Schmithausen notes that the mention of the four noble truths as constituting "liberating insight", which is attained after mastering the Rupa Jhanas, is a later addition to texts such as
Majjhima Nikaya 36. Bronkhorst notices that
1292:
East-Asian (Chinese) Buddhism emphasizes insight into Buddha-nature. This term is derived from Indian tathagata-garbha thought, "the womb of the thus-gone" (the Buddha), the inherent potential of every sentient being to become a
1658:, and still later, in the Hinayana schools, by the doctrine of the non-existence of a substantial self or person. And Schmithausen notices that still other descriptions of this "liberating insight" exist in the Buddhist canon:
801:. It has the Western connotation of general insight into transcendental truth or reality. The term is also being used to translate several other Buddhist terms and concepts, which are used to denote (initial) insight (
2159:: "The three principal themes of his Gifford lectures on natural religion were the discovery of God, the discovery of the soul, and the discovery of the oneness of God and soul in the great religions of the world."
1012:
as the free, unimpeded use of reason. Müller's translation echoed this idea, portraying
Buddhism as a rational and enlightened religion that aligns with the natural religious truths inherent to human beings.
1582:(Majjhima Nikaya 36) describes his ascetic practices, which he abandoned. Thereafter he remembered a spontaneous state of jhana, and set out for jhana-practice. Both suttas narrate how, after destroying the
1641:...the accounts which include the Four Noble Truths had a completely different conception of the process of liberation than the one which includes the Four Dhyanas and the destruction of the intoxicants.
1942:
is pure universal and immediate knowledge, which extends over all time, all universes, all beings and elements, conditioned and unconditioned. It is absolute and identical with
Reality and thus it is
1004:, and saw religion as an inherent capacity of human beings. "Enlightenment" was a means to capture natural religious truths, as distinguished from mere mythology. This perspective was influenced by
1950:
is immaculate and non-conceptual, and it, being not an outer object, cannot be understood by discursive thought. It has neither beginning, nor middle nor end and it is indivisible. It is non-dual (
2724:
2722:
1313:
the whole of reality, a dynamic interpenetration of absolute and relative. In this awakening it is realized that observer and observed are not distinct entities, but mutually co-dependent.
2047:
Suchness. In other words, the term
Suchness-Awareness is functionally equivalent to Enlightenment. Finally, it must not be forgotten that this Suchness-Awareness or Perfect Enlightenment
1016:
By the mid-1870s it had become commonplace to call the Buddha "enlightened", and by the end of the 1880s the terms "enlightened" and "enlightenment" dominated the
English literature.
5002:
3951:
3205:
1962:
According to these doctrines, bodhi eternally exists within one's mind, although requiring the mind's defilements to be removed. This vision is expounded in texts such as the
3670:
2002:
During the development of Mahayana Buddhism, the various strands of thought on Bodhi were continuously being elaborated. Attempts were made to harmonize the various terms.
4392:
4186:
3628:
882:, "awakening", "perfect knowledge", "perfect knowledge or wisdom (by which a man becomes a बुद्ध or जिन , the illuminated or enlightened intellect (of a Buddha or जिन)".
3531:
1571:, wandered further through Magadhan country, and then found "an agreeable piece of ground" which served for striving. The sutta then only says that he attained Nibbana.
3558:
1766:. It is equal to supreme insight, the realisation of the four noble truths, which leads to deliverance. Reaching full awakening is equivalent in meaning to reaching
1136:
with the four noble truths is a later development, in response to developments within Indian religious thought, where "liberating insight" was deemed essential for
6145:
3231:
Kindness and compassion as a means to Nirvana. In: Paul Williams (ed.), "Buddhism: The early Buddhist schools and doctrinal history; Theravāda doctrine, Volume 2"
852:
What exactly constituted the Buddha's awakening is unknown. It may have involved the knowledge that liberation was attained by the combination of mindfulness and
122:
3838:
2064:. In Sri Lanka and Japan, different days are used for this celebration. According to the Theravada tradition in Sri Lanka, Sakyamuni reached Buddhahood at the
4021:
4362:
1662:"that the five Skandhas are impermanent, disagreeable, and neither the Self nor belonging to oneself"; "the contemplation of the arising and disappearance (
4470:
2051:
Mahavairocana . In other words, the mind in its intrinsic nature is Mahavairocana, whom one "becomes" (or vice versa) when one is perfectly enlightened.
1514:, literally meaning unsurpassed, complete and perfect enlightenment, is often used to distinguish the enlightenment of a Buddha from that of an Arhat.
6888:
4227:
6737:
6189:
5921:
6392:
4372:
4108:
Mohr, Michel (2000), "Emerging from Nonduality: Koan Practice in the Rinzai Tradition since Hakuin", in Heine, Steven; Wright, Dale S. (eds.),
3786:
6893:
3940:
3921:
3607:
3579:
3508:
3364:
3247:
2424:
4555:
4397:
3130:
1682:
An example of this substitution, and its consequences, is Majjhima Nikaya 36:42–43, which gives an account of the awakening of the Buddha.
1416:
back into its original state of purity the Mind returns to its original condition of non-attachment, non-discrimination and non-duality".
6732:
3872:
6629:
6179:
4274:
4205:
4166:
4137:
4098:
4079:
3826:
671:
117:
74:
6722:
3701:
4475:
3982:
3327:
3277:
3197:
3178:
4618:
1694:
The term bodhi acquired a variety of meanings and connotations during the development of Buddhist thoughts in the various schools.
3662:
3287:
6407:
6152:
1108:
is equal to supreme insight, and the realisation of the four noble truths, which leads to deliverance. According to Nyanatiloka,
899:, "to awaken, to know", "to wake, wake up, be awake", "to recover consciousness (after a swoon)", "to observe, heed, attend to".
4177:
3760:
3623:
6799:
6789:
3413:
3106:
1049:), it also has the more modest meaning of knowing that the path that is being followed leads to the desired goal. According to
3527:
6744:
6397:
6199:
6090:
6035:
4608:
3729:
3553:
1069:, but this is misleading ... It is not clear what the buddha was awakened to, or at what particular point the awakening came.
31:
1476:), those who reach Nirvana through self-realisation, without the aid of spiritual guides and teachers, but do not teach the
6714:
6412:
6095:
4387:
4220:
600:
295:
6297:
6169:
6140:
5842:
1759:
1564:
1524:
1097:
941:
Robert S. Cohen notes that the majority of English books on Buddhism use the term "enlightenment" to translate the term
545:
320:
280:
5532:
1770:. Attaining Nirvāṇa is the ultimate goal of Theravada and other śrāvaka traditions. It involves the abandonment of the
5988:
5897:
5793:
5727:
5367:
5012:
4525:
4420:
1556:
tradition, a couple of texts can be found in which the Buddha's attainment of liberation forms part of the narrative.
2177:
According to Gombrich, this distinction is artificial, and due to later, too literal, interpretations of the suttas.
6837:
6317:
5279:
4402:
4002:
1823:
1798:
Since the 1980s, western Theravada-oriented teachers have started to question the primacy of insight. According to
4751:
3317:
1810:(insight) form an integrated practice. Polak and Arbel, following scholars like Vetter and Bronkhorst, argue that
230:
6727:
6540:
6530:
6402:
4965:
4726:
1624:) has "...attained the unattained supreme security from bondage." Awakening is also described as synonymous with
5025:
375:
6832:
6184:
5998:
5976:
5969:
5872:
5405:
4841:
4786:
4407:
4213:
425:
1774:
and the cessation of dukkha or suffering. Full awakening is reached in four stages. According to Nyanatiloka,
978:
used the term "the Enlightened" for the Buddha in a short article, which was reprinted the following year by
862:
and insight is a core problem in the study of Buddhism, and is one of the fundamentals of Buddhist practice.
741:
6898:
6769:
6749:
6080:
6060:
5817:
5547:
5348:
5109:
4791:
4741:
2085:
1184:
1141:
803:
585:
365:
200:
6779:
6619:
6287:
6257:
6030:
5981:
5822:
5770:
5765:
5527:
5245:
4997:
4992:
1703:
1035:
664:
400:
385:
290:
285:
107:
2197:
On some Aspects of Descriptions or Theories of 'Liberating Insight' and 'Enlightenment' in Early Buddhism
6903:
6784:
6754:
6335:
6267:
6100:
6015:
6010:
5934:
5929:
5847:
4377:
2073:
1413:
605:
595:
550:
5400:
1745:
1587:
854:
5917:
5057:
3348:, The Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai Lectures 1994, School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London)
6807:
6774:
6759:
6647:
6277:
6174:
6120:
6005:
5944:
5912:
5907:
5892:
5877:
5867:
5832:
5745:
5437:
5360:
5262:
5131:
4933:
4671:
4663:
4603:
4352:
4319:
4269:
1836:
is the actualisation of insight, leading to an awakened awareness which is "non-reactive and lucid".
1815:
1778:(Through Bodhi) one awakens from the slumber or stupor (inflicted upon the mind) by the defilements (
1112:(Through Bodhi) one awakens from the slumber or stupor (inflicted upon the mind) by the defilements (
1009:
997:
770:
is also used in other Indian philosophies and traditions, its most common usage is in the context of
615:
575:
570:
535:
380:
260:
168:
153:
97:
69:
4588:
4515:
3782:
2043:) is non-dual, Suchness-Awareness is not so much the Awareness of Suchness, but the Awareness which
6614:
6493:
6327:
6302:
6292:
6252:
6229:
6112:
6085:
6045:
5964:
5954:
5882:
5809:
5240:
5097:
4878:
4856:
4808:
4628:
4428:
4284:
4264:
3289:
Buddhism in China: A Historical Survey. In Antonio S. Cua (ed.): Encyclopedia of Chinese Philosophy
3139:
2097:
2091:
1578:(Majjhima Nikaya 17) the Buddha describes life in the jungle, and the attainment of awakening. The
1568:
1172:
1050:
625:
580:
518:
458:
395:
340:
335:
90:
79:
6476:
3602:
3574:
3503:
2153:
797:
was popularised in the Western world through the 19th-century translations of British philologist
6677:
6582:
6424:
6387:
6382:
6312:
6262:
6209:
6204:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6055:
6040:
6025:
6020:
5959:
5939:
5902:
5827:
5632:
5333:
5257:
5135:
5077:
4918:
4818:
4746:
4721:
4367:
4297:
3974:
1859:
1828:
1799:
1780:
1751:
1495:
1114:
833:
753:
610:
590:
530:
525:
413:
315:
308:
235:
225:
132:
1718:, using only a few different metaphors to describe the insight, which implied the extinction of
1491:, one who has reached Nirvana by his own efforts and wisdom and teaches it skillfully to others.
982:. Thereafter, the use of the term subsided, but reappeared with the publication of Max Müller's
4593:
1900:
Within the various Mahayana-schools exist various further explanations and interpretations. In
1754:, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning: that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
6855:
6817:
6513:
6498:
6461:
6446:
6219:
6135:
6050:
5887:
5852:
5837:
5799:
5564:
5554:
5235:
5082:
5067:
4938:
4861:
4781:
4716:
4648:
4535:
4493:
4292:
4162:
4133:
4094:
4075:
3936:
3917:
3360:
3323:
3273:
3243:
3174:
3126:
2420:
1912:
1785:
1771:
1726:
1615:
1608:
1527:
is understood somewhat differently in the various Buddhist traditions. An equivalent term for
1477:
1357:
1140:. The four noble truths as the liberating insight of the Buddha eventually were superseded by
1119:
827:
783:
657:
555:
540:
345:
220:
163:
127:
112:
43:
5582:
1220:
In Mahayana Buddhism Prajna (Sanskrit) means "insight" or "wisdom", and entails insight into
6503:
6456:
6451:
6307:
6272:
6247:
6242:
5993:
5949:
5862:
5537:
5193:
5186:
4970:
4960:
4846:
4510:
4382:
3966:
3883:
2412:
1974:
1963:
1447:
1302:
1001:
713:
620:
565:
495:
485:
350:
5602:
4766:
4756:
4520:
2827:, who seeks releasse from the painful realm of cyclic existence for himself alone, and the
1382:, means "freedom", "release", "deliverance". Sometimes a distinction is being made between
1144:, the twelvefold chain of causation, and still later by anatta, the emptiness of the self.
858:, applied to the understanding of the arising and ceasing of craving. The relation between
210:
6867:
6812:
6764:
6692:
6562:
6360:
6340:
6282:
6194:
5857:
5755:
5338:
5321:
5306:
5284:
4836:
4706:
4540:
3693:
3632:
3611:
3583:
3562:
3535:
3512:
2112:
1931:
doctrines, bodhi becomes equivalent to the universal, natural and pure state of the mind:
1924:
1819:
1732:
1306:
787:
645:
560:
360:
270:
215:
5612:
5326:
4573:
4436:
1649:
and insight, which is a core problem in the study of early Buddhism. Originally the term
1767:
1458:), those who reach Nirvana by following the teachings of the Buddha. Sometimes the term
1309:
with native Chinese thought. Buddha-nature came to mean both the potential of awakening
6822:
6525:
6375:
6157:
5737:
5717:
5637:
5316:
5250:
5225:
5087:
3296:
3265:
2235:
1901:
1469:
1233:
846:
809:
505:
435:
390:
330:
248:
5750:
5050:
5040:
3752:
3644:
3442:
Nirvana for sale? Buddhism, Wealth, and the Dhammakaya Temple in Contemporary Thailand
3189:
Lexicon Boeddhisme. Wijsbegeerte, religie, psychologie, mystiek, cultuur an literatuur
265:
6882:
6592:
6441:
5652:
5510:
5311:
5289:
4896:
4691:
4686:
4578:
4412:
4247:
4091:
Seeing Through Zen: Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism
1928:
1602:
1563:(Majjhima Nikaya 26) describes how the Buddha was dissatisfied with the teachings of
1351:
1274:
1224:. The attainment of this insight is often seen as the attainment of "enlightenment".
1160:
1005:
979:
886:
798:
470:
325:
275:
6637:
5542:
5420:
4776:
4771:
3402:
3338:
The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha. A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya
3100:
1985:
To achieve this vision of non-duality, it is necessary to recognise one's own mind:
6682:
6667:
6587:
6577:
6419:
6214:
5707:
5208:
5203:
5030:
4901:
4237:
3376:
Buddhist Dictionary. Manual of Buddhist terms and Doctrines. Fourth Revised edition
2156:
Theosophy or Pantheism? Friedrich Max Müller's Gifford Lectures on Natural Religion
2118:
1967:
1811:
1459:
370:
255:
173:
59:
5465:
5450:
5410:
4347:
3815:
3725:
3394:
Reexamining Jhana: Towards a Critical Reconstruction of Early Buddhist Soteriology
1532:
3726:"Enlightenment in Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta: Are Nirvana and Moksha the Same?"
3354:
1645:
It calls in question the reliability of these accounts, and the relation between
6652:
6642:
6481:
5622:
5607:
5390:
5198:
5126:
4906:
4736:
4638:
4485:
4357:
3882:, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, pp. 35–58, archived from
2404:
2006:
1905:
1887:
1549:
1390:, "liberation by understanding". The Buddhist tradition recognises two kinds of
957:
are derived, means "to wake up" or "to recover consciousness". Cohen notes that
440:
6862:
4796:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2416:
6597:
6555:
6431:
6237:
6162:
5776:
5760:
5722:
5702:
5617:
5597:
5572:
5480:
5415:
5395:
5141:
5072:
4943:
4826:
4731:
4681:
4613:
4339:
4329:
4302:
2027:
1893:
1519:
1440:
1282:
1193:(Pali) means "understanding", "wisdom", "insight". "Insight" is equivalent to
1168:
910:, बोदति, "become or be aware of, perceive, learn, know, understand, awake" or
838:
445:
205:
102:
4911:
3309:
Buddhist Philosophy, Chinese. In: Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Index
6572:
6545:
5712:
5587:
5299:
5215:
5092:
4982:
4955:
4948:
4868:
4831:
4598:
4563:
4530:
4505:
4460:
2065:
2061:
1553:
1195:
1089:
490:
465:
6345:
5181:
5035:
4801:
4583:
4452:
4444:
4052:
Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and "The Mystic East"
3187:
Fischer-Schreiber, Ingrid; Ehrhard, Franz-Karl; Diener, Michael S. (2008),
5107:
3102:
Early Buddhist Meditation: The Four Jhanas as the Actualization of Insight
640:
6702:
6657:
6602:
6567:
6471:
6130:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5677:
5662:
5642:
5577:
5495:
5485:
5460:
5455:
5355:
5116:
4987:
4975:
4886:
4623:
4545:
4242:
4130:
The Experience of Samadhi: An In-depth Exploration of Buddhist Meditation
3460:
The Buddhist handbook. A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching and Practice
2124:
1979:
1871:
1845:
1583:
1498:, known as the Buddha, is said to have achieved full awakening, known as
1401:
1148:
874:
771:
737:
691:
500:
480:
475:
355:
51:
1654:
specified, later on the four truths served as such, to be superseded by
1269:(Japanese) is often used interchangeably with kensho, but refers to the
17:
6607:
6550:
6535:
5682:
5672:
5647:
5522:
5517:
5475:
5445:
5377:
5343:
5294:
5230:
5171:
5166:
5062:
5020:
4923:
4761:
4711:
4498:
4324:
3240:
The Laughing Buddha of Tofukuji: The Life of Zen Master Keido Fukushima
2103:
1955:
1943:
1867:
1855:
1851:
1850:
In Mahayana-thought, bodhi is the realisation of the inseparability of
1763:
1714:
1625:
1620:
1332:
1327:
1164:
1101:
777:
180:
3978:
3863:
The Forest Monks of Sri Lanka: An Anthropological and Historical Study
990:
article. The book was translated in 1969 into German, using the term "
6687:
6672:
6508:
6370:
6350:
6125:
5787:
5667:
5657:
5592:
5220:
5176:
5161:
5151:
5121:
5102:
5045:
4928:
4696:
4568:
4312:
4307:
1881:
1863:
1528:
1378:
1294:
1286:
1245:
1239:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1137:
929:
821:
815:
766:
195:
190:
185:
148:
3258:
The Maha-Vairocana-Abhisambodhi Tantra, With Buddhaguya's Commentary
1666:) of the five Skandhas"; "the realisation of the Skandhas as empty (
837:) of disturbing emotions and desires; and the attainment of supreme
3970:
3171:
The Rhetoric of Immediacy. A Cultural Critique of Chan/Zen Buddhism
2677:
2675:
6827:
6662:
6520:
6486:
6466:
6436:
6365:
5782:
5627:
5505:
5500:
5470:
5425:
5272:
5267:
5146:
4851:
4676:
4643:
4633:
3222:
How Buddhism Began. The Conditioned Genesis of the Early Teachings
2069:
1790:
1720:
1598:
1394:, one temporarily and one permanent, the last being equivalent to
1347:
1124:
430:
1217:. Insight leads to the four stages of enlightenment and Nirvana.
6697:
5490:
5156:
4653:
1451:
1065:
means. We are accustomed to the translation "enlightenment" for
745:
4209:
6355:
4891:
3809:
3270:
The Three Pillars of Zen: Teaching, Practice and Enlightenment
2627:
2598:
2560:
2261:
2239:
1250:
2611:
2609:
2607:
3319:
Studies in the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā and other essays
2571:
2569:
728:
722:
3403:"Multiple Buddhist Modernisms: Jhana in Convert Theravada"
3356:
Buddhist Forum Volume V: Philological Approach to Buddhism
2751:
2749:
2694:
2692:
2690:
1339:
describes the three knowledges which the Buddha attained:
3077:
3075:
2709:
2707:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
1297:. This idea was integrated with the Yogacara-idea of the
1171:. This is equal to the realisation of the non-duality of
1331:, ignorance or the lack of knowledge, which binds us to
760:
means "to awaken", and its literal meaning is closer to
3834:
2930:
2928:
2537:
2535:
2486:
2484:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2129:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
2108:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
3224:, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
2831:, who wins it privately and never seeks to impart the
2638:
2636:
1412:... a sudden revulsion, turning, or re-turning of the
933:, "prescience, intuition, perception, point of view".
756:, or awakened intellect, of a Buddha. The verbal root
3173:, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press,
2471:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2350:
2348:
2323:
2321:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2272:
2270:
1954:) The only possible way to comprehend it is through
3916:, vol. 1: India and China, World Wisdom Books,
3469:
The Ideas and Meditative Practices of Early Buddhism
2031:). Moreover, he frequently uses the terms suchness (
1466:) is used to designate this kind of awakened person;
1199:, insight into the three marks of existence, namely
725:
719:
6798:
6713:
6628:
6326:
6228:
6111:
5808:
5736:
5563:
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5376:
5011:
4877:
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4662:
4554:
4484:
4338:
4283:
3952:"Teaching and Learning in the Zen Rinzai Monastery"
3162:
Beyond Enlightenment: Buddhism, Religion, Modernity
2115: – Islamic philosophy introduced by Suhrawardi
716:
2021:) and says that suchness is the intrinsic nature (
1877:Mahayana discerns three forms of awakened beings:
1858:, and the unity of subject and object. Similar to
3144:The Two Traditions Of Meditation In Ancient India
1758:, specifically, refers to the realisation of the
2816:
2814:
2812:
3880:The Buddhist Forum IV, seminar papers 1994–1996
2011:
1987:
1933:
1776:
1660:
1639:
1410:
1110:
1059:
1008:thought, particularly Kant's definition of the
3451:Metaphysics and Mysticism in Mahayana Buddhism
2405:"Buddhist Modernism and Kant on Enlightenment"
2240:Fischer-Schreiber, Ehrhard & Diener (2008)
2186:See Majjhima Nikaya chapter 4, 12, 26 & 36
1265:means "nature", "essence", c.q Buddha-nature.
1045:as referring to full and complete liberation (
922:
894:
877:
4221:
3601:Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary,
3573:Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary,
3502:Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary,
2919:
2907:
2895:
2681:
1938:is the final goal of a Bodhisattva's career
1510:, "highest perfect awakening". Specifically,
665:
8:
5003:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
4110:The Koan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism
3906:, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers
3522:
3520:
2946:
2628:Fischer-Schreiber, Ehrhard & Diener 2008
2599:Fischer-Schreiber, Ehrhard & Diener 2008
2561:Fischer-Schreiber, Ehrhard & Diener 2008
2262:Fischer-Schreiber, Ehrhard & Diener 2008
2088: – Buddhism, Mindfulness and Psychology
1818:(sense restraint, preventing the arising of
1077:may basically have meant the knowledge that
1034:"Bodhi" redirects here. For other uses, see
991:
3548:
3546:
3544:
2740:
2615:
2575:
2100: – Human thought aided by divine grace
4228:
4214:
4206:
4062:Hakuin on Kensho: The Four Ways of Knowing
3935:, vol. 2: Japan, World Wisdom Books,
3498:
3496:
3336:Nanamoli, Bhikkhu; Bodhi, Bhikkhu (1995),
3006:
2994:
2982:
2970:
2958:
2452:
672:
658:
38:
4149:Philosophical Meditations on Zen Buddhism
3622:Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit,
3597:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3552:Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit,
3526:Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit,
3066:
2127: – Sudden awakening to Enlightenment
1590:, he attained three knowledges (vidhya):
1552:, the Buddhist canon as preserved in the
1237:is the Chinese term for initial insight.
1057:was at first not specified. K.R. Norman:
3123:The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
2848:
2820:
2767:
2755:
2713:
2654:
2541:
2094: – Buddhist philosophical tradition
2039:) interchangeably. But since Awareness (
1993:) is the absence of this imaginary split
972:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
6190:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
4151:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
3492:
3480:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
3385:Buddhist Faith and Sudden Enlightenment
2835:to others, we have in the Mahayana the
2642:
2293:
2276:
2254:
2145:
2060:Sakyamuni's awakening is celebrated on
1257:means "seeing into one's true nature".
50:
6393:List of Buddhist architecture in China
3763:from the original on 27 September 2016
3054:
2934:
2872:
2728:
2698:
2526:
2514:
2502:
2490:
2475:
2025:) of the mind which is Enlightenment (
1832:form an integrated practice, in which
782:is the freedom from or release of the
690:is the Western translation of various
4192:from the original on 16 December 2019
4042:The Principles of Buddhist Psychology
3295:, New York: Routledge, archived from
3081:
3042:
3030:
2884:
2803:
2390:
2378:
2366:
2354:
2339:
2327:
2312:
1674:) and without any pith or substance (
1081:was attained, due to the practice of
1041:While the Buddhist tradition regards
7:
4120:Zen Training: Methods and Philosophy
4027:from the original on 16 January 2020
3704:from the original on 9 February 2015
3208:from the original on 5 November 2019
3018:
2860:
2791:
2779:
2106: – East Asian Buddhist doctrine
1618:is here called awakening. The monk (
1061:It is not at all clear what gaining
986:, which included a reprint from the
3873:"The origins of insight meditation"
3789:from the original on 6 October 2022
3694:"Buddhist Enlightenment vs Nirvana"
3346:A Philological Approach to Buddhism
3125:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2666:
2013:For example, he defines emptiness (
2005:The Vajrayana Buddhist commentator
1053:, Tillman Vetter, and K.R. Norman,
6180:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
3950:Hori, Victor Sogen (Winter 1994),
3419:from the original on 11 March 2019
3322:, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers,
2009:treats various terms as synonyms:
1281:as essential to the attainment of
123:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
118:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
4179:The Origin of Buddhist Meditation
4112:, Oxford: Oxford University Press
4044:, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications
3673:from the original on 7 April 2020
3453:, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications
3109:from the original on 4 April 2019
2225:Samyutta Nikaya III.140–142 (PTS)
2072:, the full moon in May, known as
1096:refers to the realisation of the
6889:Buddhist stages of enlightenment
6861:
6851:
6850:
6408:Thai temple art and architecture
6153:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
4393:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
4259:
4246:
4236:
4072:The Making of Buddhist Modernism
4064:, Boston & London: Shambhala
3814:
3732:from the original on 24 May 2011
2823:, p. 83-4: "Instead of the
2403:Cummiskey, David (2 June 2017).
2238:, but is not being mentioned by
1746:Non-reactive and lucid awareness
1712:carried a meaning synonymous to
1386:, "liberation of the mind", and
1289:essential to attain Buddhahood.
712:
639:
58:
4260:
4159:What is Buddhist Enlightenment?
3200:, in Buswell, Robert E. (ed.),
1890:– Liberation for living beings;
1487:), often simply referred to as
962:minds to perceive his truths".
6398:Japanese Buddhist architecture
6200:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
5280:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
4471:Places where the Buddha stayed
4122:, New York, Tokyo: Weatherhill
4093:, The University Press Group,
3431:Schmithausen, Lambert (1981),
3378:, Buddhist Publication Society
2264:, p. 5051, lemma "bodhi".
2121: – Omniscience in Jainism
2068:in May. This is celebrated at
1864:realizing of the Buddha-nature
917:The feminine Sanskrit noun of
889:, formed from the verbal root
32:Enlightenment (disambiguation)
1:
6413:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
4040:Kalupahana, David J. (1992),
3692:Kusala Bhikshu (March 2008).
3220:Gombrich, Richard F. (1997),
3151:Buswell, Robert, ed. (2004),
2154:Lourens Peter van den Bosch,
1597:Insight into the workings of
1408:, "revolution of the basis",
1346:Insight into the workings of
1325:is being used in contrast to
6894:Buddhist belief and doctrine
6170:Buddhism and the Roman world
6146:Decline of Buddhism in India
6141:History of Buddhism in India
4241: Topics in
3931:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005b),
3912:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005a),
3861:Carrithers, Michael (1983),
3462:, London: Century Paperbacks
2216:Anguttara Nikaya II.45 (PTS)
1784:, q.v.) and comprehends the
1760:four stages of enlightenment
1506:), "perfect Buddhahood", or
1118:, q.v.) and comprehends the
1098:four stages of enlightenment
984:Chips from a german Workshop
902:It corresponds to the verbs
321:Buddhist Paths to liberation
5368:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
5108:
4161:, Oxford University Press,
4074:, Oxford University Press,
4001:Hori, Victor Sogen (1999),
3959:Journal of Japanese Studies
3902:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2000),
3663:"Nirvana and Enlightenment"
3440:Scott, Rachelle M. (2009),
3196:Gimello, Robert M. (2004),
3146:, Motilal Banarsidass Publ.
2195:In his often-cited article
1594:Insight into his past lives
1539:The awakening of the Buddha
1343:Insight into his past lives
1301:, and further developed in
1249:are Japanese terms used in
6920:
6318:The unanswerable questions
4070:McMahan, David L. (2008),
3878:, in Skorupski, T. (ed.),
3783:"Vesak full moon poya day"
3272:, New York: Anchor Books,
3238:Harris, Ishwar C. (2004),
3229:Gombrich, Richard (2005),
3121:Bowker, John, ed. (1997),
2417:10.1002/9781119424246.ch11
2168:Majjhima Nikaya chapter 36
2035:) and Suchness-Awareness (
1843:
1743:
1701:
1182:
1033:
29:
6846:
6403:Buddhist temples in Korea
4966:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
4869:Three planes of existence
4476:Buddha in world religions
4255:
4176:Wynne, Alexander (2007),
3904:A History of Zen Buddhism
3865:, Oxford University Press
3757:Nichiren Buddhism Library
3742:As of September 2010
3714:As of September 2010
3449:Sebastian, C. D. (2005),
3260:, London: RoutledgeCurzon
3160:Cohen, Robert S. (2006),
3155:, MacMIllan reference USA
2920:Nanamoli & Bodhi 1995
2908:Nanamoli & Bodhi 1995
2896:Nanamoli & Bodhi 1995
2682:Nanamoli & Bodhi 1995
2076:(or Sambuddha jayanthi).
1884:– Liberation for oneself;
1588:concentration of the mind
1429:
1104:. In Theravada Buddhism,
974:(February 1836). In 1857
923:
895:
878:
752:) means the knowledge or
27:Goal of Buddhist practice
6185:Persecution of Buddhists
5406:Four stages of awakening
4787:Three marks of existence
4373:Physical characteristics
4147:Wright, Dale S. (2000),
4118:Sekida, Katsuki (1985),
3631:23 December 2019 at the
3561:25 December 2019 at the
3534:21 December 2019 at the
3467:Vetter, Tilmann (1988),
3410:Pacific World 10:225–249
3392:Polak, Grzegorz (2011),
3202:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
3153:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
1822:, and the generation of
1584:disturbances of the mind
1512:anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi
1508:anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi
825:(Japanese)); knowledge (
5548:Ten principal disciples
4431:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3933:Zen Buddhism: A History
3914:Zen Buddhism: A History
3871:Cousins, L. S. (1996),
3458:Snelling, John (1987),
3383:Park, Sung-bae (1983),
3256:Hodge, Stephen (2003),
3169:Faure, Bernard (1991),
2086:Buddhism and psychology
1483:Samyaksambuddha (Pali:
341:Philosophical reasoning
6258:Buddhism and democracy
5771:Tibetan Buddhist canon
5766:Chinese Buddhist canon
4998:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4993:Early Buddhist schools
4050:King, Richard (2002),
3610:16 August 2011 at the
3582:16 August 2011 at the
3511:16 August 2011 at the
3476:Warder, A. K. (2000),
3401:Quli, Natalie (2008),
3353:Norman, K. R. (2005).
3344:Norman, K. R. (1997),
3316:Mäll, Linnart (2005),
3311:, Taylor & Francis
3307:Lusthaus, Dan (1998),
3242:, World Wisdom Books,
3233:, Taylor & Francis
2053:
1995:
1960:
1796:
1704:Early Buddhist schools
1680:
1643:
1441:three recognized types
1418:
1376:Vimukthi, also called
1189:In Theravada Buddhism
1130:
1071:
1036:Bodhi (disambiguation)
992:
831:); the "blowing out" (
108:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
6268:Eight Consciousnesses
4378:Life of Buddha in art
4157:Wright, Dale (2016),
4128:Shankman, R. (2008),
3099:Arbel, Keren (2017),
2529:, p. xxix, xxxi.
2074:Sambuddhatva jayanthi
1561:Ariyapariyesana Sutta
1228:Wu, kensho and satori
1173:absolute and relative
1073:According to Norman,
996:". Max Müller was an
885:The word Bodhi is an
845:), as exemplified by
376:Aids to Enlightenment
201:Dependent Origination
6745:East Asian religions
6175:Buddhism in the West
5746:Early Buddhist texts
5361:Four Right Exertions
4827:Ten spiritual realms
4320:Noble Eightfold Path
4089:McRae, John (2003),
4060:Low, Albert (2006),
3829:for the books listed
3374:Nyanatiloka (1980),
3286:Lai, Whalen (2003),
3140:Bronkhorst, Johannes
1826:), mindfulness, and
1000:, who believed in a
764:. Although the term
706:. The abstract noun
694:terms, most notably
346:Devotional practices
169:Noble Eightfold Path
30:For other uses, see
6868:Religion portal
6615:Temple of the Tooth
6494:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
5533:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
5026:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
4809:Two truths doctrine
4629:Mahapajapati Gotamī
4429:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3302:on 12 November 2014
3009:, pp. 102–103.
2985:, pp. 100–101.
2782:, pp. 126–132.
2770:, pp. 147–148.
2684:, pp. 340–342.
2409:Buddhist Philosophy
2234:This also includes
2098:Divine illumination
2092:Buddhist philosophy
1708:In early Buddhism,
1632:Critical assessment
1535:, "the thus-gone".
1305:, which integrated
1159:, insight into the
1051:Johannes Bronkhorst
965:Early 19th-century
646:Buddhism portal
519:Buddhism by country
281:Sanskrit literature
6790:Western philosophy
6388:Dzong architecture
6210:Vipassana movement
6205:Buddhist modernism
5633:Emperor Wen of Sui
5401:Pratyekabuddhayāna
5334:Threefold Training
5136:Vipassana movement
4852:Hungry Ghost realm
4672:Avidyā (Ignorance)
4619:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
4368:Great Renunciation
4363:Eight Great Events
4245:
3724:David Loy (2010).
2207:Majjhima Nikaya 26
1820:unwholesome states
1816:four right efforts
1800:Thanissaro Bhikkhu
1752:Theravada Buddhism
1544:Canonical accounts
1496:Siddhartha Gautama
1430:Buddha's awakening
949:, from which both
133:Buddhist modernism
6876:
6875:
6514:Om mani padme hum
6220:Women in Buddhism
6136:Buddhist councils
6006:Western countries
5794:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
5555:Shaolin Monastery
5132:Samatha-vipassanā
4742:Pratītyasamutpāda
4546:Metteyya/Maitreya
4464:
4456:
4448:
4440:
4432:
4424:
4416:
4293:Four Noble Truths
4003:"Translating the
3942:978-0-941532-90-7
3923:978-0-941532-89-1
3856:
3855:
3667:studybuddhism.com
3366:978-1-135-75154-8
3249:978-0-941532-62-4
3084:, pp. 31–32.
2947:Schmithausen 1981
2875:, pp. 45–50.
2701:, pp. 47–48.
2426:978-1-119-06824-2
1913:Nichiren Buddhism
1866:, bodhi realizes
1786:Four Noble Truths
1686:Understanding of
1656:pratityasamutpada
1616:Four Noble Truths
1614:Insight into the
1609:Four Noble Truths
1607:Insight into the
1580:Mahasaccaka Sutta
1525:way to Buddhahood
1502:(Sanskrit; Pāli:
1358:Four Noble Truths
1356:Insight into the
1337:Mahasaccaka Sutta
1185:Prajñā (Buddhism)
1142:Pratītyasamutpāda
1132:This equation of
1120:Four Noble Truths
684:The English term
682:
681:
164:Four Noble Truths
16:(Redirected from
6911:
6866:
6865:
6854:
6853:
6693:Sacred languages
6541:Maya Devi Temple
6504:Mahabodhi Temple
6308:Secular Buddhism
6273:Engaged Buddhism
5113:
4961:Tibetan Buddhism
4912:Vietnamese Thiền
4511:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
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3785:. 12 June 2008.
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2109:
1975:Shingon Buddhism
1964:Shurangama Sutra
1824:wholesome states
1762:and becoming an
1586:, and attaining
1576:Vanapattha Sutta
1569:Uddaka Rāmaputta
1406:āśraya parāvŗtti
1303:Chinese Buddhism
1287:further practice
1285:, but considers
1261:means "seeing",
1100:and becoming an
1002:natural religion
995:
926:
925:
898:
897:
881:
880:
843:samyak sam bodhi
735:
734:
731:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
674:
667:
660:
644:
643:
371:Sublime abidings
62:
39:
21:
6919:
6918:
6914:
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6908:
6879:
6878:
6877:
6872:
6860:
6842:
6794:
6709:
6624:
6361:Ordination hall
6322:
6224:
6195:Buddhist crisis
6107:
5804:
5756:Mahayana sutras
5732:
5728:Thích Nhất Hạnh
5559:
5432:
5372:
5322:Bodhisattva vow
5007:
4873:
4813:
4772:Taṇhā (Craving)
4707:Five hindrances
4658:
4550:
4480:
4334:
4279:
4251:
4234:
4204:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4182:
4175:
4169:
4156:
4146:
4140:
4127:
4117:
4107:
4101:
4088:
4082:
4069:
4059:
4049:
4039:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4014:Nanzan Bulletin
4009:
4005:Zen Phrase Book
4000:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3930:
3924:
3911:
3901:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3875:
3870:
3860:
3852:
3846:
3843:
3832:
3819:
3808:
3806:Further reading
3803:
3802:
3792:
3790:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3766:
3764:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3735:
3733:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3707:
3705:
3698:UrbanDharma.org
3691:
3690:
3686:
3676:
3674:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3633:Wayback Machine
3621:
3617:
3612:Wayback Machine
3600:
3589:
3584:Wayback Machine
3572:
3568:
3563:Wayback Machine
3551:
3542:
3536:Wayback Machine
3525:
3518:
3513:Wayback Machine
3501:
3494:
3484:
3478:Indian Buddhism
3475:
3466:
3457:
3448:
3439:
3430:
3422:
3420:
3416:
3405:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3367:
3352:
3343:
3335:
3330:
3315:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3280:
3264:
3255:
3250:
3237:
3228:
3219:
3211:
3209:
3195:
3186:
3181:
3168:
3159:
3150:
3138:
3133:
3120:
3112:
3110:
3098:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3049:
3041:
3037:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3013:
3007:Bronkhorst 1993
3005:
3001:
2995:Bronkhorst 1993
2993:
2989:
2983:Bronkhorst 1993
2981:
2977:
2971:Bronkhorst 1993
2969:
2965:
2959:Bronkhorst 1993
2957:
2953:
2945:
2941:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2914:
2906:
2902:
2894:
2890:
2883:
2879:
2871:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2847:
2843:
2829:pratyeka-buddha
2819:
2810:
2802:
2798:
2790:
2786:
2778:
2774:
2766:
2762:
2754:
2747:
2739:
2735:
2727:
2720:
2712:
2705:
2697:
2688:
2680:
2673:
2665:
2661:
2653:
2649:
2641:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2614:
2605:
2597:
2582:
2574:
2567:
2559:
2548:
2540:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2482:
2474:
2459:
2453:Bronkhorst 1993
2451:
2434:
2427:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2393:, pp. 6–7.
2389:
2385:
2377:
2373:
2365:
2361:
2353:
2346:
2342:, pp. 2–3.
2338:
2334:
2326:
2319:
2311:
2300:
2292:
2283:
2275:
2268:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2245:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2128:
2113:Illuminationism
2107:
2082:
2058:
2017:) as suchness (
2000:
1925:Tathagatagarbha
1921:
1894:Full Buddhahood
1848:
1842:
1748:
1742:
1706:
1700:
1692:
1634:
1546:
1541:
1485:samma sambuddha
1470:Pratyekabuddhas
1437:
1432:
1423:
1374:
1319:
1307:Indian Buddhism
1277:tradition sees
1273:of kensho. The
1230:
1187:
1181:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1022:
993:der Erleuchtete
939:
868:
715:
711:
678:
638:
631:
630:
521:
511:
510:
461:
451:
450:
416:
406:
405:
311:
301:
300:
271:Mahayana Sutras
251:
241:
240:
181:Five Aggregates
159:
158:
138:
137:
128:Later Buddhists
93:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6917:
6915:
6907:
6906:
6901:
6899:Mystical union
6896:
6891:
6881:
6880:
6874:
6873:
6871:
6870:
6858:
6847:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6804:
6802:
6796:
6795:
6793:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6741:
6740:
6735:
6725:
6719:
6717:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6706:
6705:
6700:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6634:
6632:
6626:
6625:
6623:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6559:
6558:
6553:
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6543:
6538:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6490:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6428:
6427:
6425:Greco-Buddhist
6417:
6416:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6379:
6378:
6376:Burmese pagoda
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6332:
6330:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6234:
6232:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6166:
6165:
6158:Greco-Buddhism
6155:
6150:
6149:
6148:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6117:
6115:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6091:United Kingdom
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6036:Czech Republic
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5996:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5974:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5926:
5925:
5915:
5910:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5814:
5812:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5800:Abhidharmadīpa
5797:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5742:
5740:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5718:B. R. Ambedkar
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5638:Songtsen Gampo
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5569:
5567:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5514:
5513:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5442:
5440:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5382:
5380:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5331:
5330:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5317:Eight precepts
5314:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5277:
5276:
5275:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5196:
5191:
5190:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5105:
5095:
5090:
5088:Five Strengths
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5028:
5023:
5017:
5015:
5009:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4915:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4883:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4829:
4823:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4727:Mental factors
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4668:
4666:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4579:Mahamoggallāna
4576:
4571:
4566:
4560:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4494:Avalokiteśvara
4490:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4458:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4418:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4344:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4210:
4203:
4202:
4173:
4168:978-0190622596
4167:
4154:
4144:
4139:978-1590305218
4138:
4125:
4115:
4105:
4100:978-0520237988
4099:
4086:
4081:978-0199720293
4080:
4067:
4057:
4047:
4037:
3998:
3988:on 7 July 2018
3971:10.2307/132782
3947:
3941:
3928:
3922:
3909:
3899:
3868:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3822:
3820:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3774:
3744:
3716:
3684:
3654:
3636:
3615:
3587:
3566:
3540:
3516:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3487:Web references
3483:
3482:
3473:
3464:
3455:
3446:
3437:
3428:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3371:
3365:
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3333:
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3304:
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3278:
3262:
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3248:
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3217:
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3184:
3179:
3166:
3157:
3148:
3136:
3131:
3118:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3071:
3069:, p. 274.
3067:Sebastian 2005
3059:
3057:, p. 103.
3047:
3035:
3023:
3011:
2999:
2997:, p. 101.
2987:
2975:
2973:, p. 108.
2963:
2961:, p. 110.
2951:
2939:
2924:
2922:, p. 199.
2912:
2900:
2898:, p. 259.
2888:
2877:
2865:
2853:
2841:
2808:
2796:
2794:, p. 127.
2784:
2772:
2760:
2758:, p. 147.
2745:
2743:, p. 239.
2733:
2718:
2703:
2686:
2671:
2659:
2647:
2632:
2630:, p. 281.
2620:
2618:, p. 150.
2603:
2580:
2565:
2546:
2531:
2519:
2507:
2495:
2480:
2457:
2432:
2425:
2395:
2383:
2371:
2359:
2344:
2332:
2317:
2298:
2281:
2266:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2236:Pratyekabuddha
2227:
2218:
2209:
2200:
2188:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2081:
2078:
2057:
2054:
1999:
1996:
1920:
1917:
1904:Buddhism, the
1898:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1844:Main article:
1841:
1838:
1741:
1738:
1702:Main article:
1699:
1698:Early Buddhism
1696:
1691:
1690:and Buddhahood
1684:
1633:
1630:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1595:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1500:samyaksaṃbodhi
1493:
1492:
1481:
1467:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1404:uses the term
1396:panna-vimukthi
1388:panna-vimukthi
1373:
1370:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1344:
1318:
1315:
1229:
1226:
1183:Main article:
1180:
1177:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
938:
935:
867:
864:
847:Gautama Buddha
680:
679:
677:
676:
669:
662:
654:
651:
650:
649:
648:
633:
632:
629:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
522:
517:
516:
513:
512:
509:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
462:
457:
456:
453:
452:
449:
448:
443:
438:
436:Pratyekabuddha
433:
428:
423:
417:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
398:
393:
391:Buddhist chant
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
312:
307:
306:
303:
302:
299:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
252:
249:Buddhist texts
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
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125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
94:
89:
88:
85:
84:
83:
82:
77:
72:
64:
63:
55:
54:
48:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6916:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6884:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6857:
6849:
6848:
6845:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6801:
6797:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6730:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6720:
6718:
6716:
6712:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6695:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6630:Miscellaneous
6627:
6621:
6620:Vegetarianism
6618:
6616:
6613:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6515:
6512:
6511:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6464:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6442:Buddha in art
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6421:
6418:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6337:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6231:
6227:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6164:
6161:
6160:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6116:
6114:
6110:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6096:United States
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6008:
6007:
6004:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5990:
5987:
5983:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5923:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5905:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5795:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5739:
5735:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5653:Padmasambhava
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5566:
5565:Major figures
5562:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5546:
5545:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5511:Western tulku
5509:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5439:
5435:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5375:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5335:
5332:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5312:Five precepts
5310:
5309:
5308:
5305:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5290:Dhamma vicaya
5288:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5281:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5058:Buddhābhiṣeka
5056:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5014:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4810:
4807:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4702:Enlightenment
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4692:Dhamma theory
4690:
4688:
4687:Buddha-nature
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Samantabhadra
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4465:
4459:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4443:
4441:
4435:
4433:
4427:
4425:
4419:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4231:
4226:
4224:
4219:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4188:
4185:, Routledge,
4181:
4180:
4174:
4170:
4164:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4132:, Shambhala,
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4092:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4008:
4006:
3999:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3953:
3948:
3944:
3938:
3934:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3889:on 7 May 2021
3885:
3881:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3858:
3850:
3847:February 2024
3840:
3836:
3835:add the ISBNs
3830:
3828:
3823:This article
3821:
3817:
3812:
3811:
3805:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3731:
3727:
3720:
3717:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3685:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3650:
3646:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3486:
3485:
3479:
3474:
3470:
3465:
3461:
3456:
3452:
3447:
3443:
3438:
3435:
3429:
3415:
3411:
3404:
3399:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3381:
3377:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3359:. Routledge.
3358:
3357:
3351:
3347:
3342:
3339:
3334:
3331:
3329:9788120827479
3325:
3321:
3320:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3290:
3284:
3281:
3279:0-385-26093-8
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3251:
3245:
3241:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3223:
3218:
3207:
3204:, MacMillan,
3203:
3199:
3194:
3190:
3185:
3182:
3180:0-691-02963-6
3176:
3172:
3167:
3163:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3108:
3105:, Routledge,
3104:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3083:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2937:, p. 49.
2936:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2866:
2863:, p. 83.
2862:
2857:
2854:
2851:, p. 81.
2850:
2849:Snelling 1987
2845:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2821:Snelling 1987
2817:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2768:Gombrich 2005
2764:
2761:
2757:
2756:Gombrich 2005
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2716:, p. 27.
2715:
2714:Snelling 1987
2710:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2655:Lusthaus 1998
2651:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2601:, p. 51.
2600:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2578:, p. 40.
2577:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2563:, p. 50.
2562:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2542:Gombrich 1997
2538:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2517:, p. 30.
2516:
2511:
2508:
2505:, p. 25.
2504:
2499:
2496:
2493:, p. 29.
2492:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2296:, p. 50.
2295:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2258:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2146:
2139:
2134:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2037:tathata-jnana
2034:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1958:by the yogin.
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1930:
1929:Buddha-nature
1926:
1919:Buddha-nature
1918:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1729:
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1474:paccekabuddha
1471:
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1460:Śrāvakabuddha
1457:
1453:
1449:
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1445:
1444:
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1434:
1427:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:ālaya vijñāna
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1392:ceto-vimukthi
1389:
1385:
1384:ceto-vimukthi
1381:
1380:
1371:
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1352:reincarnation
1349:
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1299:ālaya vijñāna
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1161:Buddha-nature
1158:
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1047:samyaksambudh
1044:
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1024:
1020:Related terms
1019:
1017:
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1011:
1010:Enlightenment
1007:
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985:
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887:abstract noun
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829:
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796:
795:enlightenment
791:
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773:
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755:
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709:
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687:enlightenment
675:
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401:Vegetarianism
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356:Recollections
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326:Five precepts
324:
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289:
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286:Tibetan canon
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41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
6904:Spirituality
6808:Bodhisattvas
6728:Christianity
6723:Baháʼí Faith
6588:Dharmachakra
6578:Prayer wheel
6568:Prayer beads
6336:Architecture
6215:969 Movement
5999:Saudi Arabia
5977:Central Asia
5970:South Africa
5792:
5775:
5708:Panchen Lama
5613:Buddhapālita
5385:
5209:Satipatthana
5204:Mindful Yoga
5117:Recollection
5031:Brahmavihara
4902:Japanese Zen
4897:Chinese Chan
4857:Animal realm
4701:
4664:Key concepts
4486:Bodhisattvas
4298:Three Jewels
4194:, retrieved
4178:
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3983:the original
3962:
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3891:, retrieved
3884:the original
3879:
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3844:
3839:citation bot
3833:Please help
3824:
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3777:
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3409:
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3297:the original
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2990:
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2828:
2824:
2806:, p. 8.
2799:
2787:
2775:
2763:
2736:
2662:
2650:
2643:Kapleau 1989
2623:
2522:
2510:
2498:
2408:
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2386:
2381:, p. 4.
2374:
2369:, p. 9.
2362:
2357:, p. 3.
2335:
2330:, p. 2.
2315:, p. 1.
2294:Buswell 2004
2277:Gimello 2004
2257:
2230:
2221:
2212:
2203:
2196:
2191:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2155:
2148:
2119:Kevala jnana
2070:Vesākha Pūjā
2059:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2004:
2001:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1972:
1968:Uttaratantra
1961:
1951:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1922:
1911:
1899:
1876:
1849:
1833:
1827:
1812:right effort
1807:
1803:
1797:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1755:
1749:
1736:(delusion).
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1619:
1613:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1565:Āḷāra Kālāma
1560:
1558:
1547:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1484:
1473:
1464:sāvakabuddha
1463:
1455:
1438:
1424:
1411:
1405:
1400:
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1322:
1320:
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1270:
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1258:
1254:
1253:traditions.
1244:
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1212:
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1200:
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1190:
1188:
1156:
1155:is equal to
1152:
1146:
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1111:
1105:
1093:
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1074:
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1054:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1015:
998:essentialist
987:
983:
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971:
966:
964:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
940:
928:
918:
916:
914:(Sanskrit).
911:
907:
903:
901:
890:
884:
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869:
859:
853:
851:
842:
832:
826:
820:
814:
808:
807:(Sanskrit),
802:
794:
792:
776:
775:
765:
761:
757:
749:
707:
702:
701:
696:
695:
686:
685:
683:
420:
351:Merit making
316:Three Jewels
256:Buddhavacana
186:Impermanence
174:Dharma wheel
36:
6653:Dharma talk
6482:Asalha Puja
6278:Eschatology
6081:Switzerland
6061:New Zealand
5989:Middle East
5898:Philippines
5818:Afghanistan
5623:Bodhidharma
5608:Buddhaghosa
5528:Householder
5438:Monasticism
5391:Bodhisattva
5246:Prostration
5199:Mindfulness
5127:Anapanasati
5110:Kammaṭṭhāna
4907:Korean Seon
4847:Asura realm
4842:Human realm
4782:Ten Fetters
4737:Parinirvana
4639:Uppalavanna
4604:Mahākaccana
4589:Mahākassapa
4521:Kṣitigarbha
4516:Ākāśagarbha
4413:Suddhodāna
4358:Four sights
4285:Foundations
4196:28 November
4054:, Routledge
3965:(1): 5–35,
3893:28 November
3837:or run the
3423:14 November
3164:, Routledge
3113:14 November
3092:Works cited
3055:Harris 2004
2935:Warder 2000
2910:, p. .
2873:Warder 2000
2837:bodhisattva
2731:, p. .
2729:Bowker 1997
2699:Warder 2000
2527:Vetter 1988
2515:Norman 1997
2503:Norman 2005
2491:Norman 1997
2476:Vetter 1988
2411:: 205–220.
2028:bodhi-citta
2007:Buddhaguhya
1906:Bodhisattva
1888:Bodhisattva
1814:, c.q. the
1772:ten fetters
1730:(hate) and
1550:suttapitaka
1443:of Buddha:
945:. The root
937:Translation
906:(Pāli) and
893:, Sanskrit
813:(Chinese),
586:New Zealand
441:Bodhisattva
426:Four Stages
381:Monasticism
361:Mindfulness
331:Perfections
261:Early Texts
6883:Categories
6770:Psychology
6750:Gnosticism
6738:Comparison
6733:Influences
6715:Comparison
6598:Bhavacakra
6556:Kushinagar
6531:Pilgrimage
6477:Māgha Pūjā
6432:Bodhi Tree
6248:Buddhology
6238:Abhidharma
6230:Philosophy
6163:Menander I
6031:Costa Rica
5982:Uzbekistan
5823:Bangladesh
5777:Dhammapada
5761:Pali Canon
5723:Ajahn Chah
5703:Dalai Lama
5603:Kumārajīva
5598:Vasubandhu
5573:The Buddha
5481:Zen master
5416:Sakadagami
5396:Buddhahood
5327:Pratimokṣa
5142:Shikantaza
5098:Meditation
5073:Deity yoga
4944:Madhyamaka
4837:Deva realm
4732:Mindstream
4682:Bodhicitta
4594:Aṅgulimāla
4461:Devadatta
4437:Yaśodharā
4340:The Buddha
4330:Middle Way
4031:12 October
3992:28 October
3645:"Vimukthi"
3212:5 November
3082:Hodge 2003
3043:Arbel 2017
3031:Polak 2011
2885:Faure 1991
2804:Scott 2009
2391:Cohen 2006
2379:Cohen 2006
2367:Cohen 2006
2355:Cohen 2006
2340:Cohen 2006
2328:Cohen 2006
2313:Cohen 2006
2135:References
1982:Buddhism.
1744:See also:
1664:udayabbaya
1439:There are
1435:Buddhahood
1283:Buddhahood
1271:experience
1151:Buddhism,
1138:Liberation
1092:Buddhism,
980:Max Müller
839:Buddhahood
799:Max Müller
788:hindrances
459:Traditions
396:Pilgrimage
336:Meditation
296:Post-canon
276:Pāli Canon
206:Middle Way
103:The Buddha
6838:Festivals
6818:Buddhists
6780:Theosophy
6583:Symbolism
6573:Hama yumi
6546:Bodh Gaya
6313:Socialism
6288:Evolution
6263:Economics
6101:Venezuela
6016:Australia
6011:Argentina
5935:Sri Lanka
5930:Singapore
5848:Indonesia
5810:Countries
5751:Tripiṭaka
5713:Ajahn Mun
5588:Nagarjuna
5583:Aśvaghoṣa
5466:Anagārika
5461:Śrāmaṇerī
5456:Śrāmaṇera
5451:Bhikkhunī
5411:Sotāpanna
5300:Passaddhi
5241:Offerings
5216:Nekkhamma
5093:Iddhipada
5013:Practices
4983:Theravada
4956:Vajrayana
4949:Yogachara
4919:Pure Land
4832:Six Paths
4819:Cosmology
4599:Anuruddha
4574:Sāriputta
4564:Kaundinya
4556:Disciples
4531:Vajrapāṇi
4383:Footprint
4348:Tathāgata
4020:: 44–58,
3793:6 October
3736:9 January
3708:9 January
3677:6 October
3019:Quli 2008
2861:Mäll 2005
2792:Park 1983
2780:Park 1983
2249:Citations
2152:See also
2066:full moon
2062:Bodhi Day
2056:Bodhi Day
1998:Vajrayana
1808:vipassana
1740:Theravada
1724:(greed),
1670:), vain (
1554:Theravada
1533:Tathāgata
1517:The term
1321:The term
1317:Knowledge
1196:vipassana
1090:Theravada
976:The Times
866:Etymology
793:The term
762:awakening
606:Sri Lanka
596:Singapore
551:Indonesia
491:Vajrayāna
466:Theravāda
421:Awakening
309:Practices
266:Tripiṭaka
236:Cosmology
211:Emptiness
191:Suffering
6856:Category
6785:Violence
6755:Hinduism
6703:Sanskrit
6658:Hinayana
6643:Amitābha
6603:Swastika
6472:Uposatha
6462:Holidays
6447:Calendar
6293:Humanism
6131:Kanishka
6121:Timeline
5945:Thailand
5913:Kalmykia
5908:Buryatia
5893:Pakistan
5878:Mongolia
5873:Maldives
5868:Malaysia
5833:Cambodia
5698:Shamarpa
5693:Nichiren
5643:Xuanzang
5578:Nagasena
5496:Rinpoche
5226:Pāramitā
5068:Devotion
4988:Navayana
4976:Dzogchen
4939:Nichiren
4887:Mahayana
4879:Branches
4757:Saṅkhāra
4506:Mañjuśrī
4463:(cousin)
4455:(cousin)
4423:(mother)
4415:(father)
4403:Miracles
4353:Birthday
4270:Glossary
4243:Buddhism
4187:archived
4022:archived
3787:Archived
3761:Archived
3730:Archived
3702:Archived
3671:Archived
3629:Archived
3608:Archived
3580:Archived
3559:Archived
3532:Archived
3509:Archived
3414:archived
3268:(1989),
3206:archived
3142:(1993),
3107:archived
2667:Lai 2003
2125:Subitism
2080:See also
2023:svabhava
1980:Yogacara
1966:and the
1902:Mahāyāna
1872:suchness
1846:Mahayana
1840:Mahayana
1794:, q.v.).
1672:tucchaka
1523:and the
1402:Yogacara
1149:Mahayana
1128:, q.v.).
912:budhyate
904:bujjhati
875:Sanskrit
772:Buddhism
738:Sanskrit
692:Buddhist
616:Thailand
576:Mongolia
571:Malaysia
536:Cambodia
501:Navayana
481:Hinayana
476:Mahāyāna
386:Lay life
216:Morality
196:Not-self
154:Concepts
113:Councils
98:Timeline
70:Glossary
52:Buddhism
44:a series
42:Part of
18:Sambodhi
6833:Temples
6813:Buddhas
6775:Science
6765:Judaism
6760:Jainism
6678:Lineage
6638:Abhijñā
6608:Thangka
6551:Sarnath
6536:Lumbini
6457:Funeral
6452:Cuisine
6328:Culture
6303:Reality
6253:Creator
6243:Atomism
6113:History
6086:Ukraine
6046:Germany
5965:Senegal
5955:Vietnam
5883:Myanmar
5683:Shinran
5673:Karmapa
5648:Shandao
5618:Dignāga
5543:Śrāvaka
5523:Donchee
5518:Kappiya
5476:Sayadaw
5446:Bhikkhu
5421:Anāgāmi
5378:Nirvana
5344:Samadhi
5231:Paritta
5172:Tonglen
5167:Mandala
5122:Smarana
5103:Mantras
5051:Upekkha
5021:Bhavana
4971:Shingon
4924:Tiantai
4777:Tathātā
4767:Śūnyatā
4762:Skandha
4752:Saṃsāra
4747:Rebirth
4722:Kleshas
4712:Indriya
4614:Subhūti
4499:Guanyin
4453:Ānanda
4445:Rāhula
4325:Nirvana
4265:Outline
3767:17 June
3753:"Gosho"
3625:bodhati
3528:"bodhi"
3471:, BRILL
3434:199–250
3198:"Bodhi"
3191:, Asoka
2104:Hongaku
2033:tathata
2019:tathata
2015:sunyata
1991:sunyata
1956:samadhi
1952:advayam
1944:Tathata
1923:In the
1868:sunyata
1856:nirvana
1852:samsara
1768:Nirvāṇa
1764:Arahant
1715:nirvana
1676:asaraka
1668:rittaka
1626:Nirvana
1621:bhikkhu
1574:In the
1548:In the
1472:(Pali:
1462:(Pali:
1456:arahant
1421:Nirvana
1372:Freedom
1333:samsara
1328:avidhya
1222:sunyata
1169:tathatā
1165:sunyata
1102:Arahant
1079:nibbana
1025:Insight
1006:Kantian
908:bodhati
834:nirvana
784:fetters
778:Vimukti
703:vimutti
626:Vietnam
581:Myanmar
496:Tibetan
486:Chinese
414:Nirvāṇa
231:Saṃsāra
226:Rebirth
91:History
80:Outline
6828:Sutras
6823:Suttas
6688:Siddhi
6673:Koliya
6648:Brahmā
6563:Poetry
6509:Mantra
6499:Kasaya
6371:Pagoda
6351:Kyaung
6346:Vihāra
6341:Temple
6283:Ethics
6126:Ashoka
6076:Sweden
6071:Poland
6066:Norway
6056:Mexico
6041:France
6026:Canada
6021:Brazil
5960:Africa
5940:Taiwan
5903:Russia
5828:Bhutan
5788:Vinaya
5668:Naropa
5658:Saraha
5593:Asanga
5349:Prajñā
5258:Refuge
5221:Nianfo
5182:Tertön
5177:Tantra
5162:Ganana
5152:Tukdam
5078:Dhyāna
5046:Mudita
5041:Karuṇā
4934:Risshū
4929:Huayan
4862:Naraka
4802:Anattā
4797:Dukkha
4792:Anicca
4697:Dharma
4649:Channa
4584:Ānanda
4569:Assaji
4536:Skanda
4439:(wife)
4408:Family
4388:Relics
4313:Sangha
4308:Dharma
4303:Buddha
4165:
4136:
4097:
4078:
3979:132782
3977:
3939:
3920:
3825:lacks
3396:, UMCS
3363:
3326:
3276:
3246:
3177:
3129:
2833:Dharma
2423:
1882:Arahat
1862:, the
1860:prajna
1834:dhyana
1829:dhyana
1781:kilesa
1651:prajna
1647:dhyana
1529:Buddha
1520:Buddha
1489:Buddha
1478:Dharma
1379:moksha
1366:dhyana
1335:. The
1323:vidhya
1295:Buddha
1279:kensho
1275:Rinzai
1267:Satori
1255:Kensho
1246:satori
1240:Kensho
1214:anatta
1208:dukkha
1202:anicca
1179:Prajna
1157:prajna
1115:kilesa
1083:dhyana
955:Buddha
930:buddhi
924:बुद्धि
919:*budh-
891:*budh-
860:dhyana
855:dhyāna
822:satori
816:kensho
804:prajna
767:buddhi
754:wisdom
611:Taiwan
591:Russia
531:Brazil
526:Bhutan
446:Buddha
366:Wisdom
149:Dharma
6800:Lists
6668:Kalpa
6663:Iddhi
6526:Music
6521:Mudra
6487:Vassa
6467:Vesak
6437:Budai
6383:Candi
6366:Stupa
6298:Logic
6051:Italy
5950:Tibet
5888:Nepal
5858:Korea
5853:Japan
5843:India
5838:China
5783:Sutra
5738:Texts
5688:Dōgen
5678:Hōnen
5663:Atiśa
5628:Zhiyi
5538:Achar
5506:Tulku
5501:Geshe
5486:Rōshi
5471:Ajahn
5426:Arhat
5386:Bodhi
5356:Vīrya
5273:Sacca
5268:Satya
5263:Sādhu
5251:Music
5194:Merit
5187:Terma
5147:Zazen
5083:Faith
5036:Mettā
4717:Karma
4677:Bardo
4644:Asita
4634:Khema
4624:Upāli
4609:Nanda
4447:(son)
4421:Māyā
4398:Films
4275:Index
4190:(PDF)
4183:(PDF)
4025:(PDF)
4010:(PDF)
3986:(PDF)
3975:JSTOR
3955:(PDF)
3887:(PDF)
3876:(PDF)
3827:ISBNs
3505:bodhi
3417:(PDF)
3406:(PDF)
3300:(PDF)
3293:(PDF)
2825:arhat
2140:Notes
2041:jnana
1948:Bodhi
1940:Bodhi
1936:Bodhi
1804:jhana
1791:sacca
1756:Bodhi
1721:lobha
1710:bodhi
1688:bodhi
1599:karma
1448:Arhat
1348:karma
1191:pannā
1153:bodhi
1134:bodhi
1125:sacca
1106:bodhi
1094:bodhi
1075:bodhi
1067:bodhi
1063:bodhi
1055:bodhi
1043:bodhi
1030:Bodhi
988:Times
967:bodhi
959:bodhi
951:bodhi
943:bodhi
871:Bodhi
828:vidya
758:budh-
750:bodhi
708:bodhi
697:bodhi
621:Tibet
561:Korea
556:Japan
546:India
541:China
506:Newar
431:Arhat
221:Karma
75:Index
6698:Pāḷi
6683:Māra
6593:Flag
5994:Iran
5918:Tuva
5863:Laos
5491:Lama
5339:Śīla
5307:Śīla
5295:Pīti
5285:Sati
5236:Puja
5157:Koan
5063:Dāna
4654:Yasa
4541:Tārā
4198:2014
4163:ISBN
4134:ISBN
4095:ISBN
4076:ISBN
4033:2020
3994:2012
3937:ISBN
3918:ISBN
3895:2014
3795:2022
3769:2018
3738:2010
3710:2010
3679:2022
3604:budh
3576:jina
3555:budh
3425:2018
3361:ISBN
3324:ISBN
3274:ISBN
3244:ISBN
3214:2019
3175:ISBN
3127:ISBN
3115:2018
2421:ISBN
1927:and
1870:and
1854:and
1806:and
1733:moha
1727:dosa
1601:and
1567:and
1559:The
1452:Pali
1350:and
1243:and
1211:and
1167:and
953:and
947:budh
879:बोधि
819:and
786:and
746:Pali
742:बोधि
700:and
566:Laos
471:Pāli
6420:Art
6356:Wat
4892:Zen
3967:doi
2413:doi
1973:In
1750:In
1531:is
1311:and
1263:sho
1259:Ken
1251:Zen
1147:In
1088:In
921:is
896:बुध
6885::
5922:ru
4018:23
4016:,
4012:,
3973:,
3963:20
3961:,
3957:,
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3665:.
3647:.
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3530:.
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3495:^
3412:,
3408:,
3074:^
2927:^
2811:^
2748:^
2721:^
2706:^
2689:^
2674:^
2635:^
2606:^
2583:^
2568:^
2549:^
2534:^
2483:^
2460:^
2435:^
2419:.
2407:.
2347:^
2320:^
2301:^
2284:^
2269:^
2049:is
2045:is
1970:.
1946:.
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1678:).
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1368:.
1234:Wu
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1175:.
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810:wu
790:.
774:.
748::
744:;
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736:;
723:oʊ
601:US
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