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declaration "that he was totally ignorant of the deceit, and was equally a believer in the authenticity of the manuscripts as those who were the most credulous." He was never reconciled to his son. His old books and curiosities were sold by auction in London on 7–15 May 1801. The original forgeries and many rare
Shakespeare editions were described in the printed catalogue. His correspondence on the forgeries was purchased by the British Museum in 1877.
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22:
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Meanwhile, Ireland's taste for collecting books, pictures, and curiosities gradually became an all-absorbing passion. In 1794 he proved the value of part of his collection by issuing "Graphic
Illustrations of Hogarth, from Pictures, Drawings, and Scarce Prints in the Author's Possession." Some of the
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and contained etchings on copper in aquatint from drawings made by the author "on the spot." He paid at least one visit to France, and the charge brought against him by his enemies that he was never out of
England is unfounded. A second edition appeared in 1795. The series, which was long valued by
580:
Samuel
Ireland's own account differs slightly: "Upon the demolition of New Place above mentioned, all the furniture and papers were removed to the antient mansion of the Clopton family, about one mile distant from Stratford. Amongst those papers I have long imagined that it was very possible some
249:
at the time of the
Stratford fire. To Clopton House he went, where he learned from the tenant that the manuscripts he was seeking had been destroyed only a week before. His disappointment was extreme. "My God! Sir, you are not aware of the loss which the world has sustained. Would to heaven I had
430:
whose copyrights his son gave him before leaving home, and made vain efforts to get the latter represented on the stage. Obloquy still pursued him, and more than once he considered legal proceedings against his detractors. He died in July 1800 and Dr Latham, who attended him, recorded a deathbed
324:
Late in 1794 his son, William Henry, claimed to have discovered a mortgage deed signed by
Shakespeare, in an old trunk belonging to a mysterious acquaintance of his, whom he designated only as Mr. H. In fact he had forged the deed himself, using blank parchment cut from an ancient deed at his
325:
employer's office. Prominent authorities pronounced it genuine, and soon other items followed – a letter from Queen
Elizabeth, a love-poem by Shakespeare written to his future wife, "Anna Hatherreway", the original manuscript of King Lear, and the manuscript of an otherwise unknown play,
218:, and a daughter Jane. The latter painted some clever miniatures. Ireland also had a married daughter, Anna Maria Barnard. The family Bible shows that all three children were illegitimate and that Mrs Freeman was their mother. Her original name was Anna Maria de Burgh Coppinger.
493:
Miscellaneous Paper and Legal
Instruments under the Hand and Seal of William Shakespeare, including the Tragedy of King Lear and a Small Fragment of Hamlet, from the Original Manuscripts in the Possession of Samuel
369:, formerly a believer, responded with "A Letter to George Steevens", published in January 1796, that attacked their authenticity, but the decisive blow was delivered by Edmond Malone's response,
234:, to examine carefully all the sights associated with the dramatist. The father recorded many local traditions, which he accepted as true, including those concocted for his benefit (according to
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manuscripts of our
Shakspeare might have been conveyed. Prompted by a faint hope of this sort, as well as by curiosity, I last summer visited this spot, but without the desired success." (
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plates were etched by himself. A second volume appeared in 1799. The work is of high interest, although it is possible that
Ireland has assigned to Hogarth some drawings by other artists.
214:, and a year later removed to 8 Norfolk Street. His household consisted of Mrs Freeman, a housekeeper and amanuensis, whose handwriting shows her to have been a woman of education, a son
122:, but soon took to dealing in prints and drawings and devoted his spare time to teaching himself drawing, etching, and engraving. He made sufficient progress to obtain a medal from the
207:(2 vols.), with colored lithographs, after drawings by Ireland, and descriptions by T. Harral. Ireland had announced the immediate issue of this work in his volume on the Wye in 1797.
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in 1760. In 1784 he appears as an exhibitor for the first and apparently only time at the Royal Academy, sending a view of Oxford. Between 1780 and 1785 he etched many plates after
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In his pursuit of information about Shakespeare, Ireland learned from some of the oldest inhabitants that manuscripts had been moved from Shakespeare's residence at
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An Investigation of Mr. Malone's Claim to the Character of Scholar or Critic, Being an Examination of His Inquiry into the Authenticity of the Shakespeare MSS.
422:(1797), mainly attacked Malone, made little reference to the papers, and failed to restore Ireland's credit. In 1799 he had the hardihood to publish both
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Samuel Ireland, however, had no doubts about their genuineness, and published them in a folio volume in December 1795. Exposure quickly followed.
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414:, its chilling reception and the pecuniary loss to which it led proved how low his reputation had fallen. George Chalmers's learned
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32:(21 May 1744 – July 1800), English author and engraver, is best remembered today as the chief victim of the
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528:(2 vols.), with coloured lithographs, after drawings by Ireland, and descriptions by T. Harral, 1824
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Mr. Ireland's Vindication of His Conduct Respecting the Publication of the Supposed Shakspeare MSS.
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Ireland never recovered from these disappointments. Although his son admitted to the hoax in his
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230:, and in 1793, when preparing his "Picturesque Views of the Avon," he took his son with him to
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Picturesque Views, with an Historical Account of the Inns of Court in London and Westminster,
401:. On 29 October 1796 he was ridiculed on stage at Covent Garden as Sir Bamber Blackletter in
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defending himself from charges of having willfully deceived the public, and with the help of
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Picturesque Views, with an Historical Account of the Inns of Court in London and Westminster,
135:
441:
A Picturesque Tour through Holland, Brabant, and part of France made in the Autumn of 1789,
350:, the poet laureate, pronounced them genuine. The chief Shakespearean scholars of the day,
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A Picturesque Tour through Holland, Brabant, and part of France made in the Autumn of 1789,
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These were soon on display at Ireland's house, where notable literary men such as
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An Investigation of Mr. Malone's Claim to the Character of Scholar and Critic
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150:(1787) and other masters, and some architectural drawings in water-colour.
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An Enquiry into the Authenticity of Certain Papers and Legal Instruments
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London (2 vols. Roy. 8vo and in large-paper 4to). It was dedicated to
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696: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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389:(1796), many blamed the father. He published in November 1796
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The Fourth Forger: William Ireland and the Shakespeare Papers
716:. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 31–6.
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1797 (1 vol.). In 1800, just after Ireland's death, appeared
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on its first performance quickly followed on 2 April 1796.
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and the series was concluded by the publication in 1824 of
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Picturesque Views on the Upper, or Warwickshire Avon,
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Apology for the Believers in the Shakesperian Papers
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attacked Malone, whom he saw as his chief enemy, in
210:In 1790 Ireland resided in Arundel Street, off the
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763:Halliday, F. E. (1957). "Shakespeare Fabricated".
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183:collectors, was continued in the same form in
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730:An Authentic Account of the Shaksperian MSS
613:, p. 35 Cites cf. Addit. MS. 30349-53.
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187:1792 (2 vols., 2nd ed. 1800–1801); in
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526:Picturesque Views on the River Severn
205:Picturesque Views on the River Severn
16:English author and engraver 1744–1800
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290:adding citations to reliable sources
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512:Picturesque Views on the River Wye,
197:Picturesque Views on the River Wye,
457:1792, 2 vols., 2nd ed. 1800–1801.
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733:. London: Printed for J. Debrett.
226:Ireland was a fervent admirer of
713:Dictionary of National Biography
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654:. Oxford and New York. pp.
478:Graphic Illustrations of Hogarth
410:. When in 1797 he published his
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727:Ireland, William Henry (1796).
641:. London: Ellerton and Byworth.
635:Ireland, William Henry (1805).
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794:The Great Shakespeare Forgery
391:A Vindication of His Conduct,
134:. Etched portraits by him of
114:He began life as a weaver in
34:Ireland Shakespeare forgeries
852:18th-century English writers
25:Caricature of Samuel Ireland
790:Grebanier, Bernard (1965).
646:Schoenbaum, Samuel (1970).
412:Picturesque Tour on the Wye
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222:Enthusiasm for Shakespeare
174:In 1790 Ireland published
837:People from Spitalfields
626:Ireland, Samuel (1795).
767:The Cult of Shakespeare
842:18th-century engravers
195:1795 (1 vol.); and in
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128:John Hamilton Mortimer
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702:Lee, Sidney (1892). "
677:Latham, John (1810).
571:, pp. 27, 30–31.
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38:William Henry Ireland
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597:, p. 35 Cites:
420:Supplemental Apology
375:Vortigern and Rowena
328:Vortigern and Rowena
286:improve this section
166:Cloptan House, from
76:improve this section
36:created by his son,
738:Mair, John (1938).
650:Shakespeare's Lives
232:Stratford-upon-Avon
228:William Shakespeare
403:Frederick Reynolds
250:arrived sooner!".
191:1793 (1 vol.); in
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832:1800 deaths
827:1744 births
798:. New York.
771:. New York.
708:Lee, Sidney
687:Attribution
638:Confessions
599:Latham 1810
447:at Google;
381:Final years
340:Samuel Parr
146:(1786) and
138:(1785) and
821:Categories
620:References
302:April 2021
236:Sidney Lee
92:April 2021
44:Early life
804:cite book
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744:. London.
664:cite book
465:at Google
451:at Google
428:Henry II,
424:Vortigern
418:with its
273:does not
254:Forgeries
243:New Place
63:does not
611:Lee 1892
595:Lee 1892
494:Ireland,
463:volume 2
459:volume 1
449:Volume 2
445:Volume 1
144:Ruisdael
710:(ed.).
700::
294:removed
279:sources
148:Teniers
132:Hogarth
84:removed
69:sources
706:". In
508:, 1797
481:, 1794
346:, and
212:Strand
170:, 1795
120:London
658:–236.
533:Notes
435:Works
810:link
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522:1800
461:and
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