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Ralston's efforts, the anti-Klan plank at the national
Democratic convention failed by one vote. At the state convention, Ralston's efforts succeeded at preventing the Klan from technically being denounced by name in the platform. However, the state Democratic party still passed a plank that declared that the Indiana Republican Party had ""been delivered into the hands of an organization which has no place in politics and which promulgates doctrines which tend to break down the safeguards which the Constitution throws around every citizen" and that 1920s Indiana Republicans were "repungant" to Civil War/Reconstruction Republicans such as Abraham Lincoln and Oliver Morton.
42:
521:, conservation measures to prevent deforestation, incentives to encourage development of the livestock industry, free vaccinations for several prevalent diseases, and aid in helping the blind find work. His signature work though was his target of the tenement slums in the state. He successfully lobbied for funds to provide running clean water, children's playgrounds, and several other improvements to the living conditions of the urban poor. The final bill he signed empowered the state police to close the brothels in the state, which effectively ended any forms of legal prostitution in Indiana.
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was passed by the assembly in 1913 to permit the state to adopt a new constitution. The measure had to be submitted to a statewide referendum, as required by the current constitution, before the convention could be held. Outside of
Indianapolis and the few industrial cities, there was little support for reform for industrial workers, the majority of the state's population was still rural. When the public voted in 1914, the measure was defeated, 235,140–338,947.
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and it reprinted and circulated his speech. The Klan's support of
Ralston was one of its most forceful attempts to have a candidate elected in Indiana, as it feared the Republican candidate who had publicly condemned the organization. The Klan fell apart in 1926—the year after Ralston's death—after a scandal, revealing that the majority of Indiana's politicians, including Ralston, had ties to the Klan.
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410:, in 1884 having completed a scientific course, but was interested in learning law after attending trial as a spectator. Ralston read law in the office of Robinson & Fowler. Unable to afford boarding, he spent several months sleeping on the sofa of the law office. He began a formal course in September 1884 and was
298:. He taught school and studied law, becoming a prominent state lawyer before becoming active in his local politics. Because he served during the state's 100th anniversary he is sometimes called the Indiana's "Centennial Governor". During his tenure as governor, he was responsible for implementing many
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influence from the government and public schools, and to shut down
Catholic private schools. His speech earned him considerable popularity among the group who said he "was not afraid to tell off the papists to their faces." The Klan was one of the most influential groups within the state at the time,
464:
In 1912 Taggart again supported
Ralston's nomination for Governor, and this time succeed and was nominated on March 17. Ralston received the endorsement of numerous groups in the state, including the women's suffrage movement and many churches. Ralston won the general election by plurality and became
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His two projects with the longest impact on the state were the
Utilities Law and the Vocational Education Act. Ralston advocated and obtained significant increases in education spending and began a system of free vocational education for the state's school students. The regulations he enacted on the
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and began chanting a demand that the troops leave the city. Ralston exited the building and spoke to the crowd offering to withdraw the troops if the strikers would go back to work and negotiate peacefully. He offered concessions and promises that convinced the strikers of his good intentions, which
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who ruled a constitutional convention needed to be held. Ralston also favored creating a new constitution to enact numerous reforms that under the present constitution would have been illegal. To accomplish this goal, he began urging the
General Assembly to call a constitutional convention. A bill
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deadlock when
Ralston told Taggart to discontinue the effort. After the Klan became more powerful than ever in 1924 and virtually took over the Indiana Republican Party, Ralston fought against efforts to condemn the Klan by name in both the Indiana and national Democratic platforms. Due in part to
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lobbied
Ralston to help him promote the creation of a large highway project. At his urging, Ralston helped launch an ambitious project to build a major inter-state highway. He arranged a meeting of seven governors and was able to sell them on a plan to build a highway throughout their states
578:
in the early 1830s and had twice verged on total bankruptcy, in 1847 and 1863, and once entered a partial bankruptcy in 1841. Although the state was not in immediate financial risk, it was still heavily burdened by debt. Ralston was insistent on paying off the state's debt and creating a
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that began in
October. The strike was called on the week of the city elections and Republicans accused the strikers of trying to prevent them from voting. The union demanded the passage of a law to better protect what they believed to be their rights and wanted the governor to call a
402:. As he grew older, he began working as a school teacher during the winter months while attending college during the summer. After completing high school he married Mary Josephine Backous on December 26, 1881; she died six months later. Ralston graduated from
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When the General Assembly convened, Ralston was able to have several acts passed that led to improved working conditions for many workers in the state. Among the laws he advocated and passed were acts banning the sale of narcotic drugs for the first time, a
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prevented him from seeking a second term as governor, and he left office on January 8, 1917, after delivering a farewell address and urging the General Assembly to adopt additional progressive legislation that he was unable to have passed during his term.
555:, with each state funding its portion of the road. About twenty percent of the road's length would run through Indiana. The road was largest highway project in the United States up until that point, and resulted in the creation of the
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Ralston later revealed that due to his failing health he did not believe he was fit to become president. His steadily worsening health led to his death on October 14, 1925 at his home near Indianapolis. He was buried in the
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658:, he was able to get their endorsement. Ralston delivered a speech at St. Mary's of the Woods where he condemned religious interference in state affairs. The Klan's primary goals at the time were to remove all
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Ralston, and his three brothers and four sisters, worked on the family farm to help the family subsist. The family suffered from financial difficulty and lost their farm in 1873, they then moved to
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418:, with partner John A. Abbott, there he remained for several years. He became well known in the state for skills, and was soon one of Indiana's preeminent lawyers, mostly representing businesses.
449:. Taggart attempted to have Ralston nominated to run for governor in 1908 because of Ralston's anti-prohibition position, but was defeated at the party convention by prohibitionist and future
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While attending college he met Jennie Craven and began courting her. The couple later married on December 30, 1889. Together they had three children, Emmet, Julian, and Ruth. The family was
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and attended church regularly. Ralston had also become a member of the Young Men's Democratic Club and took an interest in politics and began stumping on behalf of Democrat candidates.
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Samuel Shank demanded the governor call out the army and end the strike, but the unions threatened violence if that happened. On November 5 Ralston finally called out the entire
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to help ready Indiana's levies. Numerous regiments, totaling more than 130,000 men, were mustered in Indiana and sent overseas in the state's largest deployment since the
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to pass such a bill. The strike quickly grew into a citywide riot as the growing mob began to attack police, business leaders, and public officials. Business leaders and
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In 1924 Ralston was expected to be the Democratic presidential nominee but, for reasons he did not reveal at the time, he dropped out of the race just before the
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and there was a possibility of war. The majority of the American forces were at that time in Europe, and Wilson requested Ralston to mobilize a full
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678:, she did not want to leave her chickens unattended. He took up his Senate seat on March 4, 1923. In the senate he advocated the adoption of the
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effectively ended the strike that day. After several days passed, and it became apparent that the strike was truly over, he demobilized the guard.
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to defend the Mexican border. It was the largest single unit call the state had responded to, as the federal government typically only called out
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Historians note that Ralston had one of the most eventful terms in the state's history, and faced more challenges than any governor, except for
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Thomas R. Marshall, Ralston's predecessor, had attempted to have a new constitution adopted but his plans were ruled unconstitutional by the
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for all of his adult life. Living in a Republican dominated area though, he had a difficult time to obtain political office. He ran for the
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public utility companies began a process that would take running water and electricity to the entire state. The state park system and the
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in about 1760. His older brother John had died at age three, shortly before Samuel's birth. In 1865 the Ralston family moved to
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He also made substantial contributions to the state's financial situation. The state had been in debt since the start of the
403:
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to help provide income for the family. His father later opened a butcher shop of his own returning the family to prosperity.
318:. Ralston had become popular among the national Democratic Party as an early front-runner for the presidential nomination in
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1231:
Constitution Making in Indiana: A Source Book of Constitutional Documents, with Historical Introduction and Critical Notes
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456:. In 1908, Ralston was elected President of the Lebanon School Board and served until 1911, his first election victory.
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and put the city under martial law. At noon on the 6th, the strikers and their sympathizers gathered around the
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ran a lengthy story on his wife, referring to her as a "Chicken Farmer" because she was reluctant to move to
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but was defeated both times. During his times running for office, he became friends with party boss
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One of the first events Ralston became involved in was a strike by the street car workers in
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Born into a large impoverished family, he took many jobs as a child including working in a
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https://newrepublic.com/article/183053/craziest-convention-american-history-part-two
606:. With most of the Indiana National Guard out of the state, Ralston reactivated the
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https://archive.org/details/citizenklansmenk0000moor/page/26/mode/2up?q=mcculloch
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political positions, and with their support was elected to the U.S. Senate in
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268:(December 1, 1857 – October 14, 1925) was an American politician of the
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the Governor of Indiana on January 13, 1913, defeating Progressive candidate
347:, on December 1, 1857, the second child of John and Sarah Ralston. He was of
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630:. Several thousand men were quickly assembled and dispatched to the border.
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https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/imh/article/view/10462/14636
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seemed about to enable Ralston's nomination as a compromise to resolve the
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1223:. Vol. III. Chicago & New York: American Historical Society.
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253:
1156:
https://blog.history.in.gov/samuel-ralston-denies-klan-affiliation/
842:
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)
614:. In 1916 tensions began to increase between the United States and
1287:
http://www.ruralhistoryproject.com/reports.asp?F=1&ReportID=14
389:
334:
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beginning in 1922. Because of his friendly relationship with the
1824:
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from Indiana, defeating Albert Beveridge in November 1922. The
1245:. Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana Historical Society Press.
2172:
Candidates in the 1924 United States presidential election
1297:
Ralston's Biography at the National Governors Association
414:
on January 1, 1886. In June he opened a law practice in
441:
in 1888 but was defeated. In 1896 and 1898 he ran for
2212:
Democratic Party United States senators from Indiana
1274:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1228:
Kettleborough, Charles & Bremer, John A (1916).
693:. Despite Ralston's withdrawal, his ally and friend
1998:
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1535:
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1196:
Hooded Americanism: the history of the Ku Klux Klan
241:
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87:
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1402:January 13, 1913 – January 8, 1917
1239:Gugin, Linda C.; St. Clair, James E, eds. (2006).
1282:Indiana Historical Bureau: Biography and portrait
1074:David J. Bodenhamer and Robert G. Barrows, eds.,
469:, and the Republican candidate former Governor
1436:March 4, 1923 – October 14, 1925
351:descent, his great-grandparents immigrated to
1836:
1472:
542:were created along with several state parks.
8:
114:January 13, 1913 – January 8, 1917
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1292:Indian County History - Ralston Biography
71:March 4, 1923 – October 14, 1925
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211:Mary Josephine Backous (1881–1882)
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540:Indiana Department of Natural Resources
339:Ralston's childhood home in Owen County
963:
961:
959:
957:
931:
929:
885:"National Register Information System"
398:As a boy he attended public school in
302:reforms in the state and put down the
2162:Democratic Party governors of Indiana
1129:Madison, James H. (October 6, 2020).
1055:My Life: The Memoirs of Claude Bowers
727:
723:Indiana gubernatorial election, 1912
563:program, the creation of the state's
304:Indianapolis streetcar strike of 1913
7:
890:National Register of Historic Places
394:Jennie Craven, Ralston's second wife
365:National Register of Historic Places
2222:Canterbury College (Indiana) alumni
2202:People from Tuscarawas County, Ohio
2182:American people of Scottish descent
1852:United States senators from Indiana
1432:U.S. senator (Class 1) from Indiana
1024:"New Senator's Wife Chicken Farmer"
451:Vice President of the United States
1086:, 1994) (retrieved July 27, 2024).
682:tax plan, which was effectively a
656:Indiana branch of the Ku Klux Klan
25:
2177:20th-century American politicians
1269:"Samuel M. Ralston (id: R000020)"
1132:The Ku Klux Klan in the Heartland
2217:People from Owen County, Indiana
1989:
1526:
1234:. Indiana Historical Commission.
1076:The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis
826:
798:
778:
758:
740:
1065:1962) (retrieved Jul.27, 2024).
567:system, and the creation of an
306:. He gained the support of the
213:Jennie Craven (1889–1925)
1169:New International Encyclopedia
404:Central Indiana Normal College
236:Central Indiana Normal College
1:
2227:19th-century American lawyers
1193:Charmers, David Mark (1984).
591:As the United States entered
374:. He took up employment in a
343:Samuel Ralston was born near
2207:People from Lebanon, Indiana
1302:Samuel Ralston at FindAGrave
1172:. Dodd, Mead. 1915. p.
1135:. Indiana University Press.
847:List of governors of Indiana
666:Ralston won election to the
650:Ralston campaigned for the
595:, Ralston was called on by
378:shop and later worked in a
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1808:
480:
443:Indiana Secretary of State
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1199:. Duke University Press.
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1310:Party political offices
1267:United States Congress.
1242:The Governors of Indiana
1084:Indiana University Press
498:Indiana General Assembly
1449:Arthur Raymond Robinson
1322:Democratic nominee for
597:United States President
483:1913 Indianapolis Riots
94:Arthur Raymond Robinson
2187:American Presbyterians
506:Indiana National Guard
395:
340:
266:Samuel Moffett Ralston
34:Samuel Moffett Ralston
1357:United States Senator
1220:Indiana and Indianans
976:Kettleborough, p. 214
895:National Park Service
684:wealth redistribution
576:internal improvements
561:worker's compensation
549:Jacksonville, Florida
531:Indiana Supreme Court
502:Mayor of Indianapolis
393:
361:Moffett-Ralston House
338:
331:Family and background
289:United States senator
54:United States Senator
2192:Governors of Indiana
1488:Governors of Indiana
1063:Simon & Schuster
668:United States Senate
652:United States Senate
439:Indiana State Senate
400:Owen County, Indiana
363:, was listed on the
357:Owen County, Indiana
345:New Cumberland, Ohio
308:Indiana Ku Klux Klan
170:New Cumberland, Ohio
1811:Governor of Indiana
1398:Governor of Indiana
1324:Governor of Indiana
1033:. December 17, 1922
768:Albert J. Beveridge
724:
433:Ralston had been a
412:admitted to the bar
102:Governor of Indiana
27:American politician
1438:Served alongside:
1391:Thomas R. Marshall
1383:Political offices
1317:Thomas R. Marshall
1031:The New York Times
807:Leonard M. Christ
788:Winfield T. Durbin
749:Samuel M. Ralston
722:
639:state constitution
612:American Civil War
604:American Civil War
525:Progressive agenda
510:Indiana Statehouse
477:Indianapolis riots
471:Winfield T. Durbin
454:Thomas R. Marshall
396:
341:
272:who served as the
137:Thomas R. Marshall
125:William P. O'Neill
2197:Indiana Democrats
2139:
2138:
1818:
1817:
1498:(1800–1816)
1455:
1454:
1446:Succeeded by
1408:James P. Goodrich
1405:Succeeded by
1373:Succeeded by
1333:Succeeded by
1215:Dunn, Jacob Piatt
1142:978-0-253-05220-9
817:
816:
718:Electoral history
712:Oak Hill Cemetery
553:Chicago, Illinois
408:Danville, Indiana
372:Fontanet, Indiana
263:
262:
149:James P. Goodrich
82:Harry Stewart New
16:(Redirected from
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1336:John A. M. Adair
1315:Preceded by
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676:Washington, D.C.
565:primary election
467:Albert Beveridge
416:Lebanon, Indiana
270:Democratic Party
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180:October 14, 1925
167:December 1, 1857
159:Personal details
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897:. July 9, 2010.
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429:Early campaigns
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2011:W. Hendricks
1940:
1901:T. Hendricks
1682:
1623:T. Hendricks
1558:W. Hendricks
1539:(since 1816)
1496:Territorial
1439:
1430:
1425:Harry S. New
1396:
1359:from Indiana
1355:nominee for
1351:
1346:John W. Kern
1321:
1272:
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1187:Bibliography
1186:
1184:Bibliography
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1182:
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1131:
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1113:
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1035:. Retrieved
1030:
1018:
981:
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888:
879:
857:
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714:in Lebanon.
708:
688:
665:
649:
646:U.S. Senator
632:
590:
573:
536:
528:
519:minimum wage
515:
489:Indianapolis
486:
463:
432:
423:Presbyterian
420:
397:
369:
353:Pennsylvania
342:
293:
265:
264:
221:Emmet Gratan
187:Indianapolis
182:(1925-10-14)
144:Succeeded by
109:
89:Succeeded by
66:
2157:1925 deaths
2152:1857 births
1758:E. Whitcomb
1583:J. Whitcomb
1416:U.S. Senate
1061:(New York:
803:Prohibition
763:Progressive
593:World War I
587:World War I
547:connecting
132:Preceded by
77:Preceded by
2146:Categories
1809:See also:
1353:Democratic
1059:pp.116-118
1037:2009-03-26
853:References
783:Republican
745:Democratic
731:Candidate
691:convention
481:See also:
326:Early life
281:U.S. state
246:Coal miner
242:Profession
231:Alma mater
202:Democratic
120:Lieutenant
2061:Fairbanks
1926:Beveridge
1733:Schricker
1723:Schricker
628:regiments
386:Education
380:coal mine
367:in 1975.
296:coal mine
208:Spouse(s)
110:In office
100:28th
67:In office
2121:Bayh III
2101:Capehart
2086:Van Nuys
2066:Hemenway
2056:Voorhees
2031:Cathcart
2026:Whitcomb
2021:Hannegan
1976:Donnelly
1946:Robinson
1916:Harrison
1911:McDonald
1778:O'Bannon
1753:Branigin
1718:Townsend
1688:Goodrich
1678:Marshall
1658:Matthews
1628:Williams
1548:Jennings
1514:(acting)
1507:Harrison
1217:(1919).
820:See also
792:142,850
772:166,124
752:275,357
660:Catholic
624:Hoosiers
460:Governor
435:Democrat
349:Scottish
310:for his
277:governor
218:Children
2106:Bayh II
2091:Jackson
2076:Taggart
2071:Shively
1999:Class 3
1941:Ralston
1859:Class 1
1798:Holcomb
1788:Daniels
1743:Handley
1703:Jackson
1683:Ralston
1603:Hammond
1598:Willard
1588:Dunning
1573:Wallace
1363:Class 1
810:22,352
620:brigade
551:, with
496:of the
376:butcher
285:Indiana
279:of the
250:Teacher
191:Indiana
59:Indiana
2111:Quayle
2096:Jenner
2081:Watson
2051:Morton
2036:Pettit
2006:Taylor
1966:Hartke
1961:Jenner
1956:Willis
1951:Minton
1921:Turpie
1896:Turpie
1891:Wright
1886:Bright
1876:Tipton
1783:Kernan
1713:McNutt
1708:Leslie
1698:Branch
1693:McCray
1668:Durbin
1638:Porter
1613:Morton
1593:Wright
1578:Bigger
1537:State
1512:Gibson
1249:
1203:
1139:
1080:p.1317
734:Votes
728:Party
699:McAdoo
686:plan.
680:Mellon
637:. The
616:Mexico
287:and a
254:Lawyer
193:, U.S.
172:, U.S.
2131:Young
2126:Coats
2116:Coats
2041:Fitch
2016:Smith
1981:Braun
1971:Lugar
1906:Pratt
1881:White
1871:Hanna
1866:Noble
1793:Pence
1763:Bowen
1748:Welsh
1738:Craig
1728:Gates
1673:Hanly
1663:Mount
1653:Chase
1648:Hovey
1618:Baker
1568:Noble
1518:Posey
1027:(PDF)
858:Notes
795:26.7
775:28.6
755:48.1
703:Smith
57:from
2046:Lane
1931:Kern
1773:Bayh
1643:Gray
1633:Gray
1608:Lane
1553:Boon
1369:1922
1329:1912
1247:ISBN
1201:ISBN
1137:ISBN
813:3.1
320:1924
316:1922
274:28th
225:Ruth
177:Died
164:Born
1936:New
1768:Orr
1563:Ray
1078:,
622:of
406:in
283:of
2148::
1365:)
1271:.
1174:95
1057:,
1053:,
1029:.
1006:^
990:^
956:^
940:^
928:^
903:^
893:.
887:.
865:^
737:%
571:.
473:.
189:,
1844:e
1837:t
1830:v
1480:e
1473:t
1466:v
1361:(
1277:.
1255:.
1209:.
1176:.
1145:.
1082:(
1040:.
701:-
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
