786:
770:
569:(Three, Hundred, Thousand), from the first character in their titles. They were the almost universal introductory literacy texts for students, almost exclusively boys, from elite backgrounds and even for a number of ordinary villagers. Each was available in many versions, printed cheaply, and available to all since they did not become superseded. When a student had memorized all three, they could recognize and pronounce, though not necessarily write or understand the meaning of, roughly 2,000 characters (there was some duplication among the texts). Since Chinese did not use an alphabet, this was an effective, though time-consuming, way of giving a "crash course" in character recognition before going on to understanding texts and writing characters.
778:
2006:
899:
884:
797:
was introduced to
Vietnam is around 1820-1830 according to primary sources at the time. From there, it was circulated and modified. Different variants of the text began to emerge. The texts would either have different characters used, new lines, or different ordering. The most common variant of the
1195:
The text was also translated into vernacular
Vietnamese, with the books such as Tam tự giải âm 三字解音, Tam tự kinh diễn âm 三字經演音, Tam tự kinh giải âm diễn ca 三字經解音演歌, Tam tự kinh thích nghiã 三字經釋義, and Tam tự kinh lục bát diễn âm 三字經六八演音 having chữ Nôm characters annotating the original text.
525:
common for most people at the time, the oral tradition of reciting the classic ensured its popularity and survival through the centuries. With the short and simple text arranged in three-character verses, children learned many common characters, grammar structures, elements of
2009:
664:, if not known by heart. Though the work is no longer taught at public schools (it is still taught in Beijing today if not in all schools), some parents still use this classic to teach their young children to pronounce Chinese characters. It is sometimes a game for
785:
1900:
Zhao said she used to recite classic
Chinese poems and texts with her father, and one particular line from the Three Character Classic -- "People at birth are inherently good" -- had helped her keep going when things got
520:
suitable for teaching young children. Until the latter part of the 1800s, it served as a child's first formal education at home. The text is written in triplets of characters for easy memorization. With
761:: Xīnzēng Sānzì Jīng) by Walter Henry Medhurst was first published in 1823 as an aid to missionary education. The three-character rhyming format was retained but the content was completely different.
730:
version. Giles had completed an earlier translation in the late 19th century but he rejected that and other early translations as inaccurate. Earlier translations into
English include those by
2415:
769:
576:
given the state's opposition to non-socialist ideologies. The classic, however, continued to circulate in other parts of the
Chinese-speaking world with its inclusion in the
802:
in
Vietnam has 30 lines that are different from the Chinese edition. There are also two lines in the Vietnamese version that does not exist in the Chinese version.
773:
The first and second page of Tam tự kinh thích nghiã 三字經釋義. It shows the original text of the Three
Character Classic 三字經 annotated with the Vietnamese translation.
1953:
Original
Chinese Text plus pinyin, modern Chinese translation, modern Chinese commentary and stories, plus complete translation of all material into English.
2433:
2117:
1688:"From Children's Instructional Textbook to Missionary Tool: the Publication History of the Christian Three-Character Classic from 1823 to 1880"
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It's called the Three
Character Classics. And the first phrase goes: 人之初, 性本善 - - People at birth are inherently good
1444:¹ this line replaces the original one in the Song version where it says "The Seventeen Dynastic Histories... 十七史...".
139:
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1212:. These stanzas were probably added cumulatively sometime between late 13th century and after the founding of the
535:
2019:
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In the book, Tam tự kinh giải âm diễn ca, shows the original text of 三字經 alongside the
Vietnamese translation.
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The two lines were added to form a full sequence of numbers (Chinese version begins from three to ten).
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1884:"This year's Oscars could have been a moment of pride for China. Then politics got in the way"
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1208:. They list the dynasties that followed the Song dynasty up to and including the founding of
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The work is not one of the traditional six Confucian classics, but rather the embodiment of
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599:, considered one of the most influential traditional Chinese philosophers after Confucius.
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The following stanzas do not appear in the Giles translation and originally appeared in
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1763:"Giáo dục Hán văn bậc tiểu học tại Việt Nam thời xưa qua trường hợp sách Tam tự kinh"
1748:"Giáo dục Hán văn bậc tiểu học tại Việt Nam thời xưa qua trường hợp sách Tam tự kinh"
1730:"Giáo dục Hán văn bậc tiểu học tại Việt Nam thời xưa qua trường hợp sách Tam tự kinh"
1592:
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Even nowadays, the above two introductory quotes are very familiar to most youth in
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of Confucianism, that is, that human nature is inherently good, as developed by
1687:
1538:
The Sino-Japanese War and Youth Literature: Friends and Foes on the Battlefield
2394:
1699:
1350:
578:
198:
2279:
1469:
657:
219:
1982:
1692:
Beyond Indigenization: Christianity and Chinese History in a Global Context
17:
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children to show off who can recite the most sentences from this classic.
501:. It was probably written in the 13th century and is mainly attributed to
2300:
2162:
2013:
522:
510:
240:
125:
2272:
2210:
1983:
Song dynasty Chinese edition with the Herbert Giles English translation
1509:
1317:
1293:
726:
in 1900 and revised in 1910. The translation was based on the original
596:
278:
1565:
Scollon, Ron; Suzanne Wong Scollon; Rodney H. Jones (3 January 2012).
1491:- the Vietnamese equivalent for teaching beginners Chinese characters.
1342:
1232:
758:
722:
The most well-known English translation of the text was completed by
661:
351:
1762:
1747:
1729:
715:(Wylie: Manchu nikan ghergen i kamtsime sughe San tsz' ging pitghe;
784:
776:
768:
411:
365:
2401:
2307:
1849:"Chloé Zhao accepts Best Director Academy Award for 'Nomadland'"
1388:
425:
2099:
1438:
whence may be learnt the principles of prosperity and decay.
638:) (But) their habits make them different (from each other).
300:
286:
789:
Second and third page of Tam tự kinh lục bát diễn âm 三字經六八演音
1594:
Mourning in Late Imperial China: Filial Piety and the State
719:: Manju nikan hergen-i kamcime suhe San ze ging ni bithe).
2416:
Questions and Replies between Tang Taizong and Li Weigong
2020:
Another site with audio of the San Zi Jing - Chinese only
1569:. Vol. 35. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 166–167.
259:
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210:
2029:
in Chinese with the Herbert Giles English Translation.
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553:
formed the basis of elementary education, along with
186:
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130:
116:
1993:
Read and hear the audio at this Chinese/English site
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582:(通勝) along with several other classics such as the
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34:
1567:Intercultural Communication: A Discourse Approach
1436:They contain examples of good and bad government,
530:and the basis of Confucian morality, especially
337:
323:
1988:On-line learner's edition at Yellowbridge site
1959:Education and Popular Literacy in Ch'ing China
1370:qīngshùnzhì jùshénjīng zhìshíchuán xuāntǒngxùn
1339:yānluànhòu kòunèihòng chuǎngnìbiàn shénqìzhōng
1170:Three (tam tài 三才, tam quang 三光, tam cương 三綱)
430:
416:
2111:
1322:(His dynasty) lasted for sixteen successions,
1307:dàichéngzǔ qiānyànjīng shíliùshì zhìchóngzhēn
68:
54:
8:
370:
356:
1961:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
1425:niànèrshǐ quánzàizī zàizhìluàn zhīxīngshuāi
132:ㄙㄢ ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄥ
2118:
2104:
2096:
439:
379:
95:
2434:The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
1560:
1558:
1402:jǔzǒngtǒng gònghéchéng fùhàntǔ mínguóxìng
1452:The first two lines were recited at the
1218:
804:
1795:"三字經解音演歌 | Tam tự kinh giải âm diễn ca"
1501:
1272:tàizǔxīng guódàmíng hàohóngwǔ dūjīnlíng
1944:
1934:
1673:"Elementary Chinese ... San tzu ching"
1659:
1633:Popular Culture in Late Imperial China
1460:, the award winner for best director.
624:) Are naturally good (kind-hearted).
261:
188:
31:
2034:Its debated revival in mainland China
1917:Rutledge, Jayne (Translator) (2005).
1831:"三字經六八演音 Tam tự kinh lục bát diễn âm"
1741:
1739:
591:The first four verses state the core
572:The text fell into disuse during the
7:
1675:. Shanghai, Kelly & Walsh. 1900.
793:The earliest recorded date that the
1414:the Republic of China flourishes.
27:13th century Chinese literary work
25:
2409:Three Strategies of Huang Shigong
1813:"Tam-tự- kinh thích-nghĩa. 三字經釋義"
1176:Five (ngũ hành 五行, ngũ thường 五常)
751:Christian Three Character Classic
2496:The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars
2004:
1957:Rawski, Evelyn Sakakida (1979).
1817:Bibliothèque nationale de France
897:
882:
565:. The group came to be known as
1861:from the original on 2021-12-12
1535:Minjie Chen (22 January 2016).
1347:rebels cause internal conflict.
1173:Four (tứ thời 四時, tứ phương 四方)
301:
287:
260:
246:
232:
211:
2459:Biographies of Exemplary Women
1637:University of California Press
1434:are all embraced in the above.
1345:stir up trouble in the palace,
454:
394:
338:
187:
173:
159:
145:
131:
117:
69:
55:
1:
1430:Twenty-two Dynastic Histories
1261:both claimed to be emperors.
1383:seized the Imperial Capital.
1200:Differences in Chinese texts
1179:Six (lục cốc 六穀, lục súc 六畜)
680:was translated in 1796 into
631:) Their natures are similar,
534:and respect for elders (the
505:(王應麟, 1223–1296) during the
2489:School Sayings of Confucius
2012:public domain audiobook at
1777:"三字經演音 Tam tự kinh diễn âm"
1761:Nguyễn, Tuấn Cường (2015).
1746:Nguyễn, Tuấn Cường (2015).
1728:Nguyễn, Tuấn Cường (2015).
1694:, BRILL, pp. 202–224,
1541:. Routledge. pp. 15–.
1412:Chinese soil was recovered,
509:. It is also attributed to
2551:
2354:Thousand Character Classic
1600:Cambridge University Press
1476:Thousand Character Classic
1316:he moved (his capital) to
1214:People's Republic of China
898:
883:
585:Thousand Character Classic
562:Thousand Character Classic
1700:10.1163/9789004532120_010
482:
465:
438:
431:
417:
378:
371:
357:
94:
90:
76:
39:
2530:Chinese children's books
2259:Etiquette and Ceremonial
2218:Spring and Autumn Annals
1686:Guo, Hong (2022-11-15),
1590:Kutcher, Norman (2006).
50:Traditional Chinese
2535:Chinese character lists
2381:The Methods of the Sima
2365:Seven Military Classics
2347:Hundred Family Surnames
2340:Three Character Classic
2315:Classic of Filial Piety
2027:Three Character Classic
2010:Three Character Classic
1483:Hundred Family Surnames
1405:A President is elected,
1164:One (nhất thái cực 一太極)
800:Three Character Classic
795:Three Character Classic
678:Three Character Classic
556:Hundred Family Surnames
551:Three Character Classic
474:Three Character Classic
64:Simplified Chinese
35:Three Character Classic
2287:Commentary of Gongyang
2078:王(Wang), 應麟(Yinglin).
1919:Three Character Primer
1385:After ten generations,
1167:Two (nhị âm dương 二陰陽)
790:
782:
774:
617:) People at birth,
324:
2525:Chinese classic texts
2294:Commentary of Guliang
788:
780:
772:
538:in Chinese society).
499:Chinese classic texts
491:, also translated as
485:), commonly known as
2473:Four Books for Women
2388:Six Secret Teachings
2156:Doctrine of the Mean
1248:liáoyǔjīn jiēchēngdì
1182:Seven (thất tình 七情)
736:Solomon Caesar Malan
389:Revised Romanization
2074:(Christian version)
2055:(Christian version)
1629:Andrew James Nathan
1515:Library of Congress
1454:Academy Awards 2021
1353:starts a rebellion,
1280:his country is the
1228:Traditional Chinese
1191:Ten (thập nghĩa 十義)
806:
574:Cultural Revolution
319:Vietnamese alphabet
2016:(Mandarin Chinese)
1998:2008-07-08 at the
1947:has generic name (
1857:. April 26, 2021.
1223:Simplified Chinese
1206:Simplified Chinese
805:
791:
783:
775:
536:Five Relationships
2512:
2511:
2480:Lessons for Women
2280:Commentary of Zuo
2245:Book of Documents
2238:Classic of Poetry
2229:Thirteen Classics
2197:Book of Documents
2190:Classic of Poetry
1709:978-90-04-53212-0
1662:, pp. 46–48.
1548:978-1-317-50881-6
1442:
1441:
1422:廿二史 全在茲 載治亂 知興衰¹
1359:comes to an end.
1326:Chongzhen Emperor
1188:Nine (cửu tộc 九族)
1185:Eight (bát âm 八音)
1158:
1157:
666:elementary school
494:Trimetric Classic
469:
468:
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460:
401:
400:
308:
307:
227:Yale Romanization
168:Yale Romanization
105:Standard Mandarin
16:(Redirected from
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2466:Classic of Music
2127:Chinese classics
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1890:. April 26, 2021
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1627:Johnson, David;
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1419:廿二史 全在兹 载治乱 知兴衰¹
1399:舉總統 共和成 復漢土 民國興
1389:Xuantong Emperor
1367:清順治 據神京 至十傳 宣統遜
1336:閹亂後 寇內訌 闖逆變 神器終
1304:迨成祖 遷燕京 十六世 至崇禎
1269:太祖興 國大明 號洪武 都金陵
1219:
1210:Republican China
901:
900:
886:
885:
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744:Stanislas Julien
740:Hung Hsiu-chʻüan
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497:, is one of the
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160:San¹ Tzŭ⁴ Ching¹
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2000:Wayback Machine
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1396:举总统 共和成 复汉土 民国兴
1386:
1384:
1382:
1375:Shunzhi Emperor
1364:清顺治 据神京 至十传 宣统逊
1354:
1348:
1346:
1333:阉乱後 寇内讧 闯逆变 神器终
1323:
1321:
1315:
1314:started ruling,
1301:迨成祖 迁燕京 十六世 至崇祯
1292:his capital at
1291:
1285:
1279:
1266:太祖兴 国大明 号洪武 都金陵
1260:
1202:
767:
732:Robert Morrison
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
674:
629:xìng xiāng jìn
579:Chinese Almanac
549:dynasties, the
528:Chinese history
313:Vietnamese name
140:Gwoyeu Romatzyh
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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5:
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2374:The Art of War
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2149:Great Learning
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2100:
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2043:(我教子惟一經) 新增三字經
2037:
2036:, China.org.cn
2031:
2022:
2017:
2002:
1990:
1985:
1978:
1977:External links
1975:
1974:
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1967:
1954:
1927:
1912:
1909:
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1875:
1840:
1835:Nom Foundation
1822:
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1799:Nom Foundation
1786:
1781:Nom Foundation
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2181:Five Classics
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1765:. p. 25.
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724:Herbert Giles
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513:(1234–1324).
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2161:
2154:
2147:
2085:. Retrieved
2080:
2066:. Retrieved
2064:. 慧空經房. 1872
2060:
2047:. Retrieved
2042:
2026:
1958:
1918:
1899:
1892:. Retrieved
1887:
1878:
1870:
1863:. Retrieved
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1816:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1756:
1732:. p. 5.
1723:
1713:, retrieved
1691:
1681:
1667:
1655:
1632:
1622:
1593:
1585:
1566:
1537:
1530:
1519:. Retrieved
1513:
1504:
1489:Tam thiên tự
1481:
1474:
1451:
1443:
1408:the Republic
1351:Dashing King
1310:By the time
1259:(dynasties),
1237:Translation
1203:
1194:
1159:
799:
794:
792:
750:
748:
742:, 1856, and
728:Song dynasty
721:
677:
675:
651:
635:
628:
621:
614:
592:
590:
583:
577:
571:
567:San Bai Qian
566:
560:
554:
550:
540:
532:filial piety
518:Confucianism
515:
507:Song dynasty
503:Wang Yinglin
493:
492:
487:
486:
473:
472:
470:
449:Romanization
272:Southern Min
233:Sāamjih Gīng
206:Romanization
146:Santzyh Jing
112:Hanyu Pinyin
82:Hanyu Pinyin
44:Chinese name
29:
2452:Bai Hu Tong
2426:Mathematics
2040:尚德 (1830).
1602:. pp.
1391:abdicated.
1288:regnal name
813:Vietnamese
717:Möllendorff
615:rén zhī chū
541:During the
488:San Zi Jing
395:Samjagyeong
346:Korean name
325:Tam tự kinh
302:Sam-jī-king
288:Sam-jī-keng
174:Sāndz̀ Jīng
18:San Zi Jing
2519:Categories
2395:Wei Liaozi
2140:Four Books
1968:0472087533
1911:References
1715:2023-04-23
1521:2010-08-15
1458:Chloé Zhao
1410:is formed.
1324:until the
1290:is Hongwu,
1282:Great Ming
523:illiteracy
154:Wade–Giles
118:Sānzì Jīng
86:Sānzì Jīng
2131:Confucian
1937:cite book
1894:April 27,
1865:April 27,
1470:Di Zi Gui
1448:Reception
1216:in 1949.
757:: 新增三字經;
658:Hong Kong
212:se zy cin
2301:Analects
2163:Analects
2087:24 April
2068:24 April
2049:24 April
2014:LibriVox
1996:Archived
1859:Archived
1631:(1987).
1464:See also
1245:遼與金 皆稱帝
816:Chinese
746:, 1864.
734:, 1812;
672:Editions
511:Ou Shizi
483:三字经, 三字經
455:Sanjikyō
241:Jyutping
126:Bopomofo
2322:Mencius
2273:I Ching
2211:I Ching
2170:Mencius
1888:cnn.com
1837:. 1905.
1819:. 1873.
1801:. 1888.
1343:Eunuchs
1318:Yanjing
1312:Chengzu
1294:Jinling
1242:辽与金 皆称帝
765:Vietnam
755:Chinese
698:ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠮᡝ
597:Mencius
479:Chinese
333:Chữ Hán
279:Hokkien
2444:Others
1965:
1925:
1783:. n.d.
1706:
1643:
1610:
1573:
1545:
1278:rises,
1233:Pinyin
759:Pinyin
692:ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ
682:Manchu
662:Taiwan
481::
432:さんじきょう
352:Hangul
296:Tâi-lô
2503:Xunzi
2402:Wu Zi
2133:texts
2061:釋教三字經
1901:hard.
1496:Notes
1276:Taizu
810:Line
713:ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ
689:ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ
686:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ
634:習相遠 (
627:性相近 (
620:性本善 (
613:人之初 (
593:credo
412:Kanji
366:Hanja
2308:Erya
2129:and
2089:2014
2070:2014
2051:2014
2025:The
1963:ISBN
1949:help
1923:ISBN
1896:2021
1867:2021
1704:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1608:ISBN
1571:ISBN
1543:ISBN
1428:The
1387:the
1379:Qing
1373:The
1355:the
1349:The
1286:His
1255:and
1253:Liao
1251:The
1154:裕於後
1151:垂於後
1148:350
1143:亦若是
1140:亦如是
1137:334
1132:當自警
1129:當少成
1126:324
1121:且聰敏
1118:且聰明
1115:322
1110:彼既成
1107:彼晚成
1104:305
1099:對大廷
1096:對大庭
1093:303
1088:猶苦卓
1085:猶苦學
1082:292
1077:心而惟
1074:心而推
1071:266
1066:稱盛世
1063:稱盛治
1060:188
1055:當諷詠
1052:當詠諷
1049:160
1044:梂六官
1041:梂六典
1038:151
1033:我周公
1030:我姬公
1027:149
1022:號六經
1019:號五經
1016:139
1011:子思筆
1008:乃孔伋
1005:126
1000:小學終
997:由孝經
994:115
989:臣則忠
986:朋友公
983:106
978:君則敬
975:長幼序
972:105
967:友與朋
964:臣則忠
961:104
956:長幼序
953:君則敬
950:103
945:至元曾
942:至曾玄
934:絲與竹
931:與絲竹
923:七情具
920:乃七情
912:曰哀懼
909:曰哀樂
894:二陰陽
879:一太極
871:識某文
868:識某名
860:首孝弟
857:首孝悌
849:弟於長
846:悌於長
838:所當執
835:所當識
827:不知義
824:不知理
738:and
701:ᠰᡠᡥᡝ
676:The
660:and
559:and
547:Qing
545:and
543:Ming
471:The
426:Kana
2081:三字經
1854:GMA
1696:doi
1456:by
1377:of
1257:Jin
939:96
928:89
917:86
906:84
891:50
876:49
865:44
854:41
843:39
832:36
821:28
710:ᡤᡳᠩ
704:ᠰᠠᠨ
684:as
418:三字経
372:三字經
358:삼자경
339:三字經
282:POJ
255:IPA
182:IPA
70:三字经
56:三字經
2521::
1941::
1939:}}
1935:{{
1921:.
1898:.
1886:.
1869:.
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1833:.
1815:.
1797:.
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1738:^
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1690:,
1635:.
1606:.
1604:27
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1557:^
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1328:.
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749:A
656:,
588:.
199:Wu
2119:e
2112:t
2105:v
2091:.
2072:.
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1951:)
1931:.
1698::
1649:.
1616:.
1579:.
1551:.
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