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industrial zone, entered German territory, and created conditions for the conduct of subsequent operations on the Berlin and
Dresden axes through the creation of bridgeheads on the west bank of the Oder. During the 23 days of the operation, the forces of the front defeated 21 infantry and five tank divisions and a significant quantity of separate units. According to Soviet official figures, 150,000 German soldiers were killed and 43,000 taken prisoner. Among the captured weaponry were 5,000 guns and mortars, more than 300 tanks and 200 aircraft. Soviet losses included 26,000 killed and 89,500 wounded.
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cities of the industrial zone from the north, continued the offensive, meeting increasing German resistance. To break the stiffening German resistance, the 21st Army was committed on 19 January. Breaking through the German defenses on the Warta, the army led the offensive on the
Silesian industrial zone, outflanking it from the northwest. The 1st Guards Cavalry Corps was simultaneously committed to action. To accelerate the advance of the 5th Guards and 52nd Armies to the Oder, on Konev's order the 3rd Guards Tank Army struck along the east bank of the river, taking
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repulse of the counterattack, did not manage to encircle the German troops around
Ostrowiec, who retreated to the west. On the left wing the 60th Army, together with the 59th Army, committed on 14 January, reached Krakow. By the end of 17 January the German defense was broken through on a 250 km front to a depth of 120 to 140 km. The troops of the front destroyed the main forces of the 4th Panzer Army and in cooperation with the 4th Ukrainian Front defeated the 17th Army, reaching the initial objectives four to five days early.
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were broken by the tank corps, committed to finish the breakthrough of the main defensive line. In the second half of the day the tank armies were committed to the battle. Their forward detachments rushed into the German rear, continuing the offensive at night, but the main forces were unable to move around the infantry in the darkness and only entered the battle on the next morning. Attempting to cut the tank armies off from the rest of the front, the
Germans counterattacked with the
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and enveloped the German grouping from the west, threatening encirclement. In order to avoid significant losses and preserve the key industrial facilities of Sileia, Soviet forces left a small corridor for the encircled troops, through which they retreated to the southwest. On 29 January the
Silesian
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with its main forces and part of the neighboring 59th Army. The main forces of the 59th Army were tasked with advancing to the west to cover the main attack group of the front from possible counterattacks from the southwest, while the 21st Army was assigned to strengthen the efforts on the main axis.
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The offensive began on 12 January with the assault of the 1st
Ukrainian Front strike group. A powerful artillery preparation with a density of 250 guns and mortars per kilometer in the breakthrough sector ensued a rapid attack of infantry and tanks with infantry riders. The German attempts to resist
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The struggle for the
Silesian industrial zone, defended by nine infantry and two panzer divisions, two brigades, and more than 30 separate units, developed in the following days. By 23 January the right flank units of the 21st Army reached the Oder south of Oppeln, and the its left flank units took
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Stavka modified the objectives for the operation on 17 January, with the main forces to continue the drive on
Breslau and no later than 22 January take Krakow, and, outflanking the Silesian industrial zone, advance to the Oder. The 59th and 60th Armies took Krakow on 19 January, and outflanking the
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The plan for the operation provided for a powerful cutting strike from the
Sandomierz bridgehead towards Breslau with simultaneous encirclement of the German troops in cooperation with the 1st Belorussian and 4th Ukrainian Fronts on the adjacent wings, and their piecemeal destruction. Subsequently,
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As a result of the offensive, the forces of the 1st
Ukrainian Front destroyed the German 4th Panzer Army and main forces of the 17th Army, advanced 400 km to the west, and in cooperation with the 1st Belorussian and 4th Ukrainian Fronts liberated the southern regions of Poland, seized the Silesian
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The attacking Soviet force from Ivan Konev's 1st Ukrainian Front mustered 1,830,800 million men, 3,244 tanks and self-propelled guns, more than 13,000 guns and mortars, and 2,582 aircraft. The front consisted of the 6th, 3rd Guards, 13th, 52nd, 5th Guards, 60th, 21st, and 59th Armies, the 4th Tank
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the 4th Tank Army and 13th Army encircled and by the end of 15 January destroyed the XXIV Panzer Corps. During this period the front's main forces, with the 3rd Guards Tank Army in front, burst forward and forced a crossing of the Pilica on the march. The forces of the right wing, detained by the
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The main forces of the front, advancing towards Breslau, reached the Oder from Koben to Oppeln between 22 and 25 January, forced crossings of the river in several places, and captured bridgeheads to the north and south of Breslau. By the end of 3 February they reached a line to the west of
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on 24 January and cut off the German retreat. The troops of the 5th Guards Army reached the Oder on 22 January and those of the 52nd followed on the next day. They forced crossings of the Oder south of Breslau and to the north and south of Oppeln, capturing small bridgeheads.
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Army, the 3rd Guards Tank Army, and the 2nd Air Army. Additional mobile forces were the 4th Guards, 25th, and 31st Tank Corps, the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps, and the 7th Guards Mechanized Corps.
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Kiselyov, V. N. (2003). "Сандомирско-Силезская операция 1945" [Sandomierz–Silesian operation 1945]. In Ivanov, Sergei (ed.).
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industrial region was fully cleared of German troops, who were subsequently destroyed in the forests to the southwest.
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Operacja sandomiersko-śląska 1 Frontu Ukraińskiego. Bitwa o Górny Śląsk
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The 1st Front began its offensive on 12 January, starting from the
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grouping of German troops. The 60th Army had the task of taking
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took a line along the right bank of the Vistula and on the
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and capture a bridgehead on the west bank of the Oder.
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Military operations of World War II involving Germany
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Strategic operations of the Red Army in World War II
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This article about a battle in Russian history is a
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35:(12 January – 3 February 1945) during
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