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and heavy selective breeding for forage value, including selection for cold-tolerance. It grows in a variety of soil types, generally infertile, well-drained soils, including weakly saline and weakly alkaline or acidic soils. In North
America, it grows at a broad range of elevations. It is cold- and
467:
until they germinate; the reason for the wings is unknown. Apart from being carried by animals, they might be dispersed by wind and water, which might account for the wings. In the wild, seeds survive in soil for decades, and despite the soil moisture, which tends to rot them, about half will still
475:
to selectively take the seed while leaving the herbage. Yield is 500–550 pounds per acre (560–620 kg/ha) when irrigated, about a third that in drier conditions. commercial seed remains viable for several years if stored cool at 12 to 15 percent moisture, and seed in a warehouse has shown no
624:
The unusual crimson, ball-shaped blooms are carried aloft on tall, thin stems, well above the ferny, toothed-leaf foliage. The leaves are often considered more ornamental than the flowers, which are often removed to encourage more foliage growth. However, the cut flowers are used in floral
300:
It is evergreen to semi-evergreen; in warmer climates grows all year around, and in cold climates it stays green until heavy snow cover occurs. Plants may live over 20 years, though 7-12 is more usual; it lives longer if sometimes permitted to set seed. Burnet flowers in early summer.
476:
appreciable drop in viability after 25 years of storage. Germination rates actually increase over three years of storage, and commercial seed usually has over 90% field germination rates, but both seed yields and germination rates are probably elevated in domestic species due to
468:
sprout; this is the natural gemination rate in Europe. Salad burnet can spread fairly quickly by self-seeding. It can also be spread by division, and it can spread through rhizomes, but young plants are easy to pull up, thought they develop taproots fairly rapidly.
293:. It has ferny, toothed-leaf foliage; the unusual crimson, spherical flower clusters rise well above the leaves on thin stems. It generally grows to 25–55 cm tall (moisture-dependent; as short as 2 cm in dry areas). The large, long (sometimes 1m/3-foot),
593:, a bit tart, a little hot" and is considered interchangeable with mint leaves in some recipes, depending on the intended effect. Typically, the youngest leaves are used, as they tend to become bitter as they age; old leaves are cut back to encourage new growth.
633:
The flowers provide nectar and pollen, and attract bees, butterflies, moths, and other pollinators and beneficial insects. It is classified as a moderate honeybee food in New
Zealand, and as a good nectar producer in the United States.
637:
Salad burnet is good forage for wildlife and livestock, partly because it stays green for so long. Elk, deer, antelope and birds forage on the leaves and seeds. It provides cover for small birds, and it is used by the
336:
and
Siberia. In Britain, it is not native, but has been naturalized since the 16th century. It has also naturalized in most of North America, in South America, Australia, and New Zealand. It is not generally
712:
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Young burnet leaves are used as an ingredient in salads, dressings, sauces, summer drinks, and in claret. It is also used to flavour vinegar, butter, and cream cheese.
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In the wild, seed is buried an average of 10 cm or 4 inches deep. In a greenhouse experiment, germination peaked when seeds were set 6 cm (2.5 inch) deep.
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1676:
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480:. North American wild rates are not known. Salad burnet establishes slowly, and so it is not grazed (nor expected to flower much) for the first year.
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cultivar widely grown in North
America does not grow in damp or flooding areas, and needs over 14 inches (36 cm) of precipitation per year.
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662:. After the first year, it is grazed roughly every 35 days, or whenever it is 12 inches (30 cm) tall, until it is half that height.
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may eat almost all of the seed in some areas, but plants can also sprout from rodents' seed caches. The seeds are surrounded by a winged
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420:, usually in sunny or very slightly shady spaces with an equator-facing or west-facing aspect. In North America, it is grown on dry
341:, co-existing with other plants and increasing species diversity. As of 2008 it had been reported as invasive in just one place, a
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4a-8a, but does not grow well in shade. It grows well on slopes and disturbed soil, and is sometimes used to stabilize soil. The
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604:. It declined in popularity as a kitchen herb, but As of 2022, is becoming more popular again, for food and as an ornamental.
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1354:. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer).
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928:. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer)
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Salad burnet generally does not flower or seed in its first year of life. Grazing can prevent flowering, and
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United States
Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Center (23 September 2002).
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600:, was brought to the New World with the first English colonists, and was given special mention by
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428:, and landscape rehabilitation. Because it tends to stay green, it is considered fire-resistant.
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USDA NRCS Idaho Plant
Materials Program and National Plant Data Center (January 2013).
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Salad burnet can carry both male and female flowers on the same plant; that is, it is
368:) in England. In France, it grows on alluvial meadows, and in the south of France, on
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651:
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380:(a shrubland ecosystem with calcareous soil). In Spain, it grows on silaceous soils.
349:. The variables controlling salad burnet spread in North America are poorly studied.
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1169:
compiled by Daniel G. Ogle, Plant
Materials Specialist, NRCS, Boise, Idaho. (1997).
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Salad burnet has in the past been used medicinally in Europe to control bleeding.
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841:. North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. University of North Carolina
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Seed is mature when hard and dark; commercially, it is harvested with a high
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1539:
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655:
444:
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20:
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The Royal
Horticultural Society New Encyclopaedia of Herbs & Their Uses
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141:
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835:"Sanguisorba minor (Burnet, Garden Burnet, Salad Burnet, Small Burnet)"
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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
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346:
342:
131:
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642:. It is planted on rangelands in western North America, including in
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329:
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Salad burnet has the same medicinal qualities as medicinal burnet (
424:. It is used for grazing, erosion control, post-fire weed control,
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In North
America the species is probably much less diverse, due to
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Species of flowering edible herb in the rose family
Rosaceae
1075:"SMALL BURNET Sanguisorba minor Scop. Plant Symbol = SAMI3"
1038:"SMALL BURNET Sanguisorba minor Scop. Plant Symbol = SAMI3"
812:). It was used as a tea to relieve diarrhea in the past.
324:
Salad burnet is native to western, central and southern
727:
1391:
1252:. The American Philosophical Society. p. 480.
726:Please review the contents of the section and
1264:"Sanguisorba minor (salad burnet): Go Botany"
1208:. Forsyth, Turid. Willowdale, Ont.: Firefly.
376:shrubland ecosystem with siliceous soil) and
8:
1186:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1237:File:Gardenology.org-IMG 2173 hunt08sep.jpg
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596:Salad burnet was called a favorite herb by
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1206:Herbs : the complete gardener's guide
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297:store water, making it drought-tolerant.
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1047:, Natural Resources Conservation Center.
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589:It has a flavor described as "mildly
495:Flowerbuds can easily be grazed off,
7:
1806:02b048e5-105d-4048-b55d-36b4feee969e
1705:3ec16a00-b621-4a10-932f-3cb2ff2fa543
1171:"MANAGEMENT AND USE OF Small Burnet"
316:(the last from the Mediterranean).
1327:University of California, Berkeley
991:"Sanguisorba minor (Salad Burnet)"
14:
1780:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:741394-1
1331:
792:
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679:
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654:parklands, mountain grasslands,
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388:frost-tolerant, growing in USDA
217:. For heterotypic synonyms, see
56:
686:A butterfly on a flower cluster
1250:Thomas Jefferson's Garden Book
728:add the appropriate references
352:In Europe it is found only in
1:
1268:gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org
1105:BBC Gardeners' World Magazine
860:Wikispecies:Sanguisorba minor
629:For wild and domestic animals
1248:Betts, Ewin Morris (1944).
713:reliable medical references
412:It is grown in containers,
1888:
674:Salad burnet attracts bees
563:Small-winged seeds, Poland
416:, ornamental gardens, and
18:
719:or relies too heavily on
360:), and is most common on
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197:
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53:Scientific classification
51:
46:
37:
30:
1348:Fryer, Janet L. (2008).
922:Fryer, Janet L. (2008).
644:pinyon-juniper woodlands
19:Not to be confused with
1204:Lima, Patrick. (2001).
809:Sanguisorba officinalis
621:
583:
404:
238:
237:Leaves, used in salads
1872:Flora of North Africa
1862:Flora of Western Asia
615:
581:
547:Seeds and seedheads,
402:
236:
1857:Perennial vegetables
1344:at Wikimedia Commons
1128:"Link to ITIS entry"
478:artificial selection
289:plant in the family
207:Poterium sanguisorba
1288:Bown, Deni (2002).
1149:"Link to EOL entry"
1101:"Sanguisorba minor"
839:plants.ces.ncsu.edu
742:"Sanguisorba minor"
640:greater sage-grouse
582:Used in herb butter
531:Seedhead on plant,
304:Subspecies include
622:
584:
414:wildflower meadows
405:
403:Alternating leaves
239:
1839:
1838:
1741:Sanguisorba_minor
1726:Open Tree of Life
1695:Sanguisorba~minor
1519:Sanguisorba_minor
1423:Sanguisorba minor
1393:Sanguisorba minor
1385:Taxon identifiers
1351:Sanguisorba minor
1340:Sanguisorba minor
1336:Media related to
1318:Sanguisorba minor
925:Sanguisorba minor
801:
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513:Brebach-Fechingen
473:combine harvester
374:Quercus coccifera
370:Kermes oak maquis
243:Sanguisorba minor
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220:Sanguisorba minor
184:Sanguisorba minor
32:Sanguisorba minor
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211:Pimpinella minor
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262:(also used for
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709:This section
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652:quaking aspen
650:forests, dry
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252:garden burnet
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175:Binomial name
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166:S. minor
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83:Tracheophytes
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1152:. Retrieved
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1108:. Retrieved
1104:
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995:Gardenia.net
994:
930:. Retrieved
924:
855:
843:. Retrieved
838:
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717:verification
710:
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632:
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461:grasshoppers
442:
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411:
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382:
351:
334:Western Asia
332:, southwest
328:; northwest
323:
313:
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305:
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299:
279:
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269:
268:generally),
263:
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256:small burnet
255:
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248:salad burnet
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183:
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115:
102:
89:
76:
47:Male flower
31:
25:
1852:Sanguisorba
1625:iNaturalist
1417:Wikispecies
1368:|work=
950:|work=
711:needs more
692:Medicinally
618:male flower
517:SaarbrĂĽcken
432:Propagation
408:Cultivation
362:chalk soils
271:pimpernelle
265:Sanguisorba
153:Sanguisorba
96:Angiosperms
1846:Categories
1749:Plant List
1477:Calflora:
1110:2020-10-01
816:References
783:March 2022
753:newspapers
608:Ornamental
515:, outside
465:hypanthium
438:monoecious
426:firebreaks
422:rangelands
320:Occurrence
287:herbaceous
1576:FloraBase
1370:ignored (
1360:cite book
1323:CalPhotos
952:ignored (
942:cite book
656:chaparral
519:, Germany
358:limestone
284:perennial
160:Species:
66:Kingdom:
21:pimpernel
1801:VicFlora
1793:27800183
1788:Tropicos
1738:PalDat:
1690:NSWFlora
1643:741394-1
1514:eFloraSA
1454:BioLib:
1402:Wikidata
1273:12 March
1224:64630388
1182:cite web
1000:12 March
932:12 March
845:12 March
591:cucumber
574:Culinary
551:, France
549:Toulouse
499:, France
378:garrigue
339:invasive
314:mongolii
306:muricata
295:taproots
291:Rosaceae
199:Synonyms
142:Rosaceae
138:Family:
109:Eudicots
1754:rjp-643
1664:MoBotPF
1604:3029430
1501:Ecocrop
1408:Q163799
1321:in the
767:scholar
732:removed
533:Montana
457:rodents
449:rabbits
347:Wyoming
343:pasture
222:subsp.
148:Genus:
132:Rosales
128:Order:
70:Plantae
1762:PLANTS
1731:894082
1718:134357
1702:NZOR:
1682:137456
1669:286366
1617:300526
1591:SANMIN
1588:FoIO:
1568:sanmin
1565:FEIS:
1558:179153
1532:626892
1470:124676
1434:129267
1431:APDB:
1296:
1222:
1212:
1154:May 1,
1133:May 1,
769:
762:
755:
748:
740:
459:, and
330:Africa
326:Europe
312:, and
278:, and
260:burnet
246:, the
122:Rosids
1813:WoI:
1767:SAMI3
1656:25303
1630:55736
1553:EUNIS
1545:SANMI
1493:6XHF8
1480:10349
1457:39773
1447:61260
1174:(PDF)
1078:(PDF)
1041:(PDF)
774:JSTOR
760:books
569:Usage
535:, USA
497:Doubs
453:hares
394:delar
366:chalk
364:(see
356:(see
310:minor
224:minor
191:Scop.
116:Clade
103:Clade
90:Clade
77:Clade
1775:POWO
1677:NCBI
1651:ITIS
1638:IPNI
1612:GRIN
1599:GBIF
1581:3192
1540:EPPO
1506:9535
1465:BOLD
1442:APNI
1372:help
1294:ISBN
1275:2022
1220:OCLC
1210:ISBN
1188:link
1156:2012
1135:2012
1002:2022
954:help
934:2022
847:2022
746:news
715:for
1824:WFO
1816:736
1527:EoL
1488:CoL
372:(a
345:in
213:,
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781:(
771:·
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757:·
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620:)
23:.
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