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organizations, and a contingent of farmers, who presented carts full of their crops. Chicago's
Northwestern Soldiers' Fair included a "Curiosity Shop" of war souvenirs and Americana. Its organizers intended its displays of weapons, slavery artifacts and other items to illustrate for Union visitors the contrast between the "barbaric" Southern enemy and the "civilized" North. The fairs generally involved large-scale exhibitions, including displays of art, mechanical technology, and period rooms. These sorts of displays called upon ideas of the American past, a history that local communities held in common. Often, different communities competed with each other over their donations to the national cause. People in various cities and towns across the North contributed to the same war effort because they identified as having shared fortunes in their common nation.
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The USSC leadership sometimes did not approve of the excitement and lavishness of the fairs. They wanted to encourage sacrifice as a component of membership in a nation. Although the fairs were one way to create a national identity which might motivate citizens to perform their duties, the commission
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The largest
Sanitary Fair during the war was held in Chicago from October 27 to November 7, 1863. Called the Northwestern Soldiers' Fair, it raised almost $ 100,000 for the war effort. It included a six-mile-long parade of militiamen, bands, political leaders, delegations from various local
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events to benefit the
Commission. As the civil war progressed, these became larger and more elaborate. Organizing these Sanitary Fairs offered ways for local communities to participate directly in supporting the war effort of the nation.
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183:(such as clothing and a sword) were displayed. The building also featured an auditorium where local entertainers played, including a theater troupe that put on a well-received production of
247:. The Illinois soldiers' homes at Chicago and Cairo, Illinois required continued funding, and the fair helped cover other continuing expenses of the Northwestern Sanitary Commission.
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raised supplies for the
Northwestern Sanitary Fair (Chicago, 1865), receiving medal No. 15 for her services The last of the great Sanitary Fairs was held in Chicago in June 1865 and
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175:) published an appeal, calling for "patriotic" women in Indiana to contribute money and items to the fair. The Bazaar was held in a large building where items such as captured
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68:, organized a two-day "Mammoth Fair" occupying two exhibition halls and netting over four thousand dollars for the cause. Groups in other cities soon adopted this plan.
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leadership did not want the fairs to become the focus of USSC work. The name "Sanitary Fair" was coined after the success of the big bazaars that took place in
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in April 1864. It raised over a million dollars for the Union cause. The
Brooklyn and Long Island Fair in February and March had raised $ 400,000.
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39:. Established in 1863, the last major event was held in 1865 in Chicago. From the outset of the USSC, many local groups sponsored
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A record of the
Metropolitan Fair : in aid of the United States Sanitary Commission, held at New York, in April, 1864
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Bridge, Jennifer R. (2016). "Going to the Fair". In Widmer, Ted; Risen, Clay; Kalogerakis, George (eds.).
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in
October 1864. Upon the announcement of the fair, Lucinda Burbank Morton (wife of Indiana's
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229:, from April 27, 1865 to June 21, 1865. The women organizers published a newspaper entitled
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555:. No. US Edition. The New York Times Company. The New York Times. 1864
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Patriot Fires: Forging a New
American Nationalism in the Civil War North
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were awarded banners for their notably large contributions to the fair.
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785:"John Carbutt on the Frontiers of Photography", Brey, William (1985)
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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were fund-raising events held in various cities on behalf of the
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was there to photograph the interior and exterior of the second
678:"Sanitary Bazaar in Connection with the Indiana State Fair"
797:
Cross, Jasper W. "The
Mississippi Valley Sanitary Fair."
664:"Mrs. Morton's Appeal to the Patriotic Women of Indiana"
553:"METROPOLITAN FAIR.; UNITED STATES SANITARY COMMISSION"
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479:
531:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 90–92.
489:, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2002.
605:"Brooklyn Public Library: Brooklyn in the Civil War"
529:
New York Times
Disunion: A History of the Civil War
140:. It raised over $ 1 million. Visitors included
843:Brooklyn and Long Island Sanitary Fair of 1864
302:, Great Western Sanitary Fair, St. Louis, 1864
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888:1865 disestablishments in the United States
350:, composer, Sanitary Fair Grand March, 1864
290:, Northwestern Sanitary Fair, Chicago, 1865
816:History of the Great Western Sanitary Fair
747:"PASSING AWAY. ANOTHER EARLY SETTLER GONE"
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284:, Sanitary Fairs in the Pennsylvania area
225:Chicago held a second sanitary fair, the
197:also played for the benefit of the fair.
883:1863 establishments in the United States
873:Social history of the American Civil War
666:. Evansville Daily Journal. 13 Sep 1864.
338:, Metropolitan Fair, New York City, 1864
269:, Soldiers' and Sailors' Sanitary Fair,
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641:
639:
632:. Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia.
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364:
332:, Metropolitan Fair, New York City 1864
320:, Metropolitan Fair, New York City 1864
314:, Metropolitan Fair, New York City 1864
278:, Metropolitan Fair, New York City 1864
826:The New-York Sanitary Fair grand march
179:flags and items that once belonged to
708:. Weekly Wabash Express. 23 Nov 1864.
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31:to raise funds and supplies for the
20:Sanitary Fair Commissary group, 1864
694:. Daily State Sentinel. 8 Oct 1864.
649:. Daily State Sentinel. 4 Oct 1864.
579:. Hurd & Houghton. 2016-10-30.
356:, Sanitary Fair, Philadelphia, 1864
326:, North Western Sanitary Fair, 1863
296:, Sanitary Fair, Philadelphia, 1864
235:that was distributed at the event.
647:"Indiana State and Sanitary Fairs"
405:Mississippi Valley Sanitary Fair,
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863:United States Sanitary Commission
680:. Richmond Palladium. 7 Sep 1864.
29:United States Sanitary Commission
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429:
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344:, Cincinnati Sanitary Fair, 1863
227:Great Northwestern Sanitary Fair
56:during the winter of 1863-1864.
64:In February 1863, the women of
499:Lowell Daily Citizen and News,
463:Women & the American Story
308:, Sanitary Fair, Chicago, 1863
1:
511:Manchester (NH) Daily Mirror,
436:Northern Ohio Sanitary Fair,
389:Great Western Sanitary Fair,
217:North Western Sanitary Fair,
753:. 18 January 1894. p. 4
60:Lowell, Massachusetts, 1863
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868:1860s in the United States
858:Fairs in the United States
805:held in St Louis May 1864.
801:46 (April 1952): 237-246.
799:Missouri Historical Review
630:"Civil War Sanitary Fairs"
245:Northwestern Soldiers Fair
751:Cawker City Public Record
132:occurred in June 1864 in
828:, New York City, 1864 (
593:– via HathiTrust.
585:2027/hvd.32044010393601
501:14 February 1863, p. 2.
276:William Tilden Blodgett
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706:"The Banner Counties"
336:Frederick Law Olmsted
300:Rebecca Naylor Hazard
237:Martia L. Davis Berry
216:
119:
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66:Lowell, Massachusetts
52:and shortly after in
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818:, Cincinnati, 1864 (
609:www.bklynlibrary.org
515:Salem (MA) Register,
377:Sanitary Fair, 1864
318:Sara Jane Lippincott
288:Thomas Barbour Bryan
185:Edward Bulwer-Lytton
120:Great Central Fair,
727:museums.kenosha.org
517:11 June 1863, p. 2.
424:Sanitary Fair, 1864
81:New York City, 1864
878:Fundraising events
513:9 May 1863, p. 4;
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199:Vanderburgh County
162:Indiana State Fair
148:Indianapolis, 1864
130:Great Central Fair
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112:Philadelphia, 1864
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37:American Civil War
22:
538:978-0-19-062183-4
485:Lawson, Melinda.
342:William Rosecrans
312:Edward A. Lambert
259:, Sanitary Fair,
232:Voice of the Fair
181:George Washington
102:Metropolitan Fair
90:Metropolitan Fair
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330:Fitz Hugh Ludlow
294:Simon G. Elliott
173:Oliver P. Morton
144:and his family.
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466:. Retrieved
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422:Poughkeepsie
393:, Ohio, 1864
257:Austin Adams
244:
241:John Carbutt
230:
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203:Union County
189:
158:Indianapolis
152:A "Sanitary
151:
138:Pennsylvania
134:Philadelphia
127:
122:Philadelphia
104:was held in
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75:
63:
46:
24:
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177:Confederate
41:fundraising
35:during the
852:Categories
732:2019-07-02
614:2022-06-10
590:2017-11-26
446:References
391:Cincinnati
354:John Welsh
166:Republican
33:Union Army
559:5 October
438:Cleveland
407:St. Louis
271:Baltimore
375:Brooklyn
169:Governor
361:Gallery
219:Chicago
50:Chicago
803:online
757:28 May
535:
468:28 May
440:, 1864
263:, 1864
221:, 1865
195:circus
154:Bazaar
124:, 1864
96:, 1864
54:Boston
830:Score
723:(PDF)
190:Money
820:Text
759:2022
561:2017
533:ISBN
470:2022
201:and
193:. A
128:The
100:The
581:hdl
187:'s
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
