Santa Maria Island - Knowledge (XXG)

630: 2465:, was implanted during the island's colonization by the Order of Christ and Franciscan friars and continues to mark the island's calendars. These festivals include a religious ceremony and the crowning of one or more children with a silver-plated crown adorned with the symbols of the Holy Spirit, and culminates with a grand feast on seventh Sunday following Pentecost. On the occasion of these feasts, a traditional soup of bread soaked in a meat broth is distributed freely at the "Irmandades" and "Impérios" across the island. 425:). The Captain and his crew explored the island, collecting various examples of the native and unfamiliar plants, as well as canisters of earth and water to give to the Infante as proofs to their discovery. The Infante received these "gifts" in 1432, and immediately ordered that herds be sent to the island, while he organized a plan for its colonization. In settling the Azores, the crown applied a system that was successful on the island of Madeira in 1425: the new lands would be administered by title grants ( 648: 622: 863: 757:

colonization occurred (Anjos and Vila do Porto, respectively), and 65% of the current population resides in this region, which includes the parishes of Vila do Porto, São Pedro and Almagreira. Airport lands represent the largest use of the space, as the Santa Maria airport is located along the western coast taking advantage of the plain and lack of natural obstacles. River valleys along the north and south divide many of the communities.

2442: 3711: 854:), which is responsible for the administration of forest resources and parks on the island, maintains and promotes the island's forest reserves. Much like other islands of the Azores, there are many pedestrian walking trails and hiking circuits throughout the island. The hiking circuits allow the user to experience a range of diverse ecosystems and protected areas of the island that are not easily accessible to most tourists. 2978:

Manoel Corvelo, who also an active participant; extorting the defenders while holding an image of the Virgin his hands). Throwing rocks from the cliffs, the Portuguese caused several injuries, disorder and confusion, eventually causing the English to desist, retreating and leaving behind small boats, muskets and cutlasses, as well as a trumpet (which was used by the defenders in their triumph).(FIGUEIREDO, 1990:75-76).

683:(130,000 years ago). Due to its age, and no historical evidence of volcanism, the geography of the island tends to be more mature and includes larger deposits of sediments than can be found on the other islands of the archipelago. Generally, Santa Maria is known for the lack of volcanism during period of human intervention, although seismic events are common due to its proximity to the Glória Fault (an offshoot of the 3671: 824: 3664: 741:). These deposits are evidence of an older island environment associated with both volcanic and sedimentary development. The presence of these deposits, unique in the Azores, gave rise to the lime (calcium oxide) industry during the 19th century. The fossil deposits, usually located approximately 40 metres (130 ft) above sea level, have been the subject of several palaeontological studies including 640: 179: 894:. Temperatures average 18.5 °C (65.3 °F) in the coast and around 14.5 °C (58.1 °F) in the easterly mountains. The "sunny island of the Azores", as its nickname suggests, receives on average around 2000-2200 hours of sunshine which is a considerable amount for the relatively dull archipelago it is in, though not a lot when compared to other places at the same latitude (like the 344: 47: 658: 336: 63: 2531: 243: 764:(590 m), Cavacas (491 m) and Caldeira (481 m) are located in this region, which includes the parishes of Santa Bárbara and Santo Espírito, the more rural and agricultural lands on the island. This is a region of higher levels of humidity, with greater instances of wind, fog and precipitation, resulting in rich vegetation and endemic plant species. 2229:. It became an international link after 1944, taking on a central position in trans-Atlantic air traffic during the mid-20th century. The island became dependent, almost absolutely, on the airport: first, during the phase of construction (when Marienses were involved in the construction or support), and later when 2949:

Nine French warships while in the waters of Santa Maria, captured a fisherman near the Ponte de Carestante. He was able to escape to the waters of São Jorge, finding land, and reporting it to the local officials. A notice arrived in Terceira and preparations were made for the defense of the island.

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Tourists generally favour the white sand beaches and rock pools in the communities of Anjos (Vila do Porto), Praia Formosa (Almagreira), Maia (Santo Espírito) and São Lourenço (Santa Bárbara). Praia Formosa, in particular, is known on the island for its white sand beach that stretches across the bay.

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The handicraft industry in Santa Maria is centred on pottery, ceramics and wool sweaters, ornate sheets, blankets, towels and other embroidery. Homespun garments include coarse woollen jerseys, embroidered linen shirts, embroidered women's jackets and estamin suits. Similarly, straw hats, baskets and

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There are many examples (public buildings, churches and auxiliary structures, military constructions) of Santa Maria's cultural heritage that have been remodelled, conserved and preserved for their important histo-cultural value. Since Santa Maria was the first island to be colonized, there are older

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In comparison with the other islands, the raising of cattle and milk production never attained the same level of development. Agriculture is still the predominant activity in the municipality, occupying 47.6% of the land. This activity is usually confined to small ventures, involving forging plants,

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Due to the varying geomorphology, the population built homes dispersed throughout the island, forming small nuclei along zones with access to potable water (in the west) and in the valleys (in the east). Traditional homes were constructed from the ubiquitous black volcanic rock, painted white, with

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was greeted harshly by its residents, when he and his crew were forced by a storm to land on the island in the Baía dos Anjos on their return from their famous discovery of the New World. Several of his crew were captured, and complex negotiations were undertaken to liberate them. Thankful for their

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Soils in the drier western region are predominantly red clay, a consequence of natural alterations associated with pyroclastic deposits during the Palaeocene period, when the island's climate was warmer and more humid, and the median sea level was 100 metres (330 ft) below current sea levels.

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Generally, the island coast is ringed by steep cliffs, finding their prominence in the area of Rocha Alta (340 m). In addition, several protected bays along the coast shelter white sand beaches or are guarded by many rocky islets. These include the villages of São Lourenço (and its islet), Praia

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A dry clay plain lies in the west, occupying two-thirds of the island, with its highest point 277 meters (909 ft) above sea level (near Piquinhos). Due to the impermeability of the soils, this regions is arid with fewer leafy plants or grasses. To the north and south the principal points of

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The island is located in the southeast corner of the Azores archipelago, 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of São Miguel, and 600 kilometres (370 mi) from the island of Flores (the westernmost island in the archipelago). The island of Santa Maria is oblong and measures 97.4 square kilometres

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for help from Captain-major D. Manuel da Câmara (who immediately sent troops under the command of Sergeant-major Simão do Quental. Following several days of skirmishes, wherein the troops pillaged, sacked and destroyed the Vila, they were confronted by Baeça's near Santo Antão. After ferocious

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liberation, a mass was celebrated by him and his party in the old chapel before he returned to Spain. Although relatively far from the routes used by ships traveling to India, the island was repeatedly attacked by French pirates (1553), the island assaulted by French troops (1576), the English (

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English pirates, after artillery fire from their two boats, disembarked in the port of Vila. They climbed the rocky cliffs of Conceição and were met by gunfire from the defenders, under the command of Captain-major Brás Soares de Albergaria and his adjunct André de Sousa (as recorded by Father

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Several natural landscapes have been preserved or designated points of natural interest by the Regional Government in order to foster conservation and support endemic flora and fauna species, as well as provide communal forms of recreation and nature interpretation. On 7 November 2008, the

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in the North Atlantic corridor was based in Santa Maria (FIR Oceânica de Santa Maria). For many decades, the airport at Santa Maria was the gateway to and from the Azores until the construction or renovation of smaller fields on other islands. Changing developments in the aviation industry

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various other objects traditionally made from wood, fish scales, corn flask and metal are sold as souvenirs. These activities have been organized by the Santa Maria Handicrafts Cooperative, which also promotes other unique Mariense products: bread, sweets, pastry-making and weaving.

587:, insofar as sending a carrack to collect the weapons. In the interim, the São Miguel administration changed sides in the conflict. By the following year, several Marienses joined the expeditionary force disembarking on the continent along Arnosa de Pampelido beach (near 2921:

These families included the Velhos, Curvelos, Sousas, Andrades, Figueiredos, Alpoins, Mouras and Bragas initially, but also dynastic families, such as Manuel de Sousa Falcão, a magistrate whose descendants would hold a seat in various municipal governments for two decade

679:(2 millions year ago), alternating between phases of effusive and explosive, sub-aerial and submarine eruptions. Between these were periods of sedimentary sequences between the volcanic series, that dated from the final Miocene (5.5 million years ago) until the 890:. In the summer it is generally dry and warm. In winter, temperatures remain very mild, the bulk of the year's precipitation falls in this season, though Santa Maria is much drier than the rest of the islands, having less than half the precipitation of the more westerly 2340:, and grouper) and scuba-diving, beach activities, pedestrian hiking, and rabbit hunting. The villages of São Lourenço, Praia Formosa, Maia and Anjos are known as summer tourist centers, attracting visitors to their beaches, natural pools, summer homes, and festivals. 3012:

This assault was attributed to carelessness of sentinels, who were caught unawares when several Moors disembarked near Anjos. The Chapel of Nossa Senhora de Anjos was sacked, several women raped and eleven were taken into captivity (women and children).(FIGUEIREDO,

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for the nestled anchorage that developed there, and the municipality would also adopt the name, by 1470 (as indicated on their floral). By the end of the 16th century, Santa Maria was divided into three parishes: Nossa Senhora da Assunção (Vila do Porto),

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regions. Several folk groups have developed on the island that reproduce the clothing styles, the music and traditional dance. Due to factors such as the climate and insular environment the style of music, songs, dance and instruments used (such as the

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doors and windows accented in the available colors of the day. The chimneys of these homes are unique since, heavily influenced by styles from the Alentejo and Algarve, these were ornate or simple, but generally different from house to house.

671:(37.6 sq mi), extending 12 km (7 mi) from the northwest to southeast. Geologically, it is the oldest island in the archipelago, with formations that are 8.12 million years old. The island emerged during the 459:

to enforce the King's dominion (except to coin money and some judicial authority). The donatário also had the responsibility of selecting or sub-contracting local administrators to represent him, as some historians referred to as

2222:, until the 16th century, evolving slowly to a subsistence economy based on cereal crops. This was also a period of pottery production, and export of the fine red clay to artisans on São Miguel (for the production of the same). 514:. The governing classes, the families which controlled the politico-administrative organs of the municipality and parishes were all intermingled by marriage and class, and after the Iberian Union this concentration increased. 2518:, in Anjos, at the beginning of September. A secular celebration, it is a private fraternal social and cultural event that celebrates the defence of Santa Maria (and in particular Anjos) from pirate attacks, organized by the 784:

on São Miguel to be used as raw commodity for their traditional potteries. In Barreiro da Faneca, the Regional Assembly decreed a protected plain of this arid soil in order to protect and preserve its characteristics.

3630: 3947: 2963:. After attacking several residents, they assaulted and burned down Vila do Porto. Then Captain-major Pedro Soares, in order to reinforce the defense, solicited his brother-in-law Rodrigo de Baeça, to travel to 728:

Successive periods of sea rise have given rise to sediments of marine fossils discovered on the island (in Prainha and Lagoinhas), mollusks that date back approximately 2.7 to less than one million years (the

2253:(ESA) established a satellite tracking station at the end of the 20th century, rekindling the debate on the island's dependency on the aviation sector. Similarly, in 2012, a proposal by EDISOFT to install a 898:

in mainland Portugal). The mountain range east of the island and the northeast coast are much more humid, reaching in some locations values as high as 1,800 mm (71 in) of precipitation per year.

528:(nephew of Gonçalo Velho and heir to the Captaincy of Santa Maria and São Miguel), who took to hurl rocks from the cliffs above Calhau da Roupa at the invaders. João Soares was eventually captured by the 3500: 711:

The Facho-Pico Alto Complex, an intense volcanic period of both submarine and sub-aerial eruptions between 5-3 million years ago concentrating the aforementioned Facho and Pico Alto mountains;

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Madeira, J. (1986). "Geologia estrutural e enquadramento geotectónico da Ilha de Santa Maria (Açores)" [Geological structure and geotectonic base of the island of Santa Maria (Azores)].

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Measurements have been taken at the Santa Maria Airport since 1943/1944, initially managed by British or US air forces serving there. Later, another meteorological station was placed in the

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Generally isolated from the traffic between the New World and Europe, the island depended heavily on agriculture until the 20th century, when the U.S. military established the airport in

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The eastern one-third of the island is composed of eroded hills and mountains, covered by areas of thick vegetation, pasture lands and river valleys. The tallest points on the island,

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3516 1.5 MW, 1 x Caterpillar D398 0.8 MW. The MAN generators run on heavy fuel, while the Caterpillars use petroleum distillate. There is a Caterpillar 3408 300 kW diesel for

3003:), kidnapping many and collecting prisoners (who were sold into bondage in North Africa). Many residents hid in the caves near Santana while waiting for support from São Miguel. 708:

The Touril Complex, a formation created during an intermittent period of eruptions, when fossil deposits and sediments accumulated on the island, around 5 million years ago;

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As with the rest of the Azores, tourism makes up an important tertiary sector, associated with nautical activities such as sailing, windsurfing, water-skiing, sport fishing (

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in the early hours of August 20, 2012, with winds of 120 km/h (75 mph) gusting to 170 km/h (110 mph). Gordon was a category 2 hurricane shortly before

3237: 2185:: includes one-third of the island, covering the western plain, the airport and local communities such as Anjos and Santana, encompassing 2,997 of the island's citizens. 745:(1860), Reiss (1862), Bronn (1860), Mayer (1864), Friedlander (1929) and José Agostinho (1937). The Regional Nature Reserve of Figueiral and Prainha, which includes the 2491:). The beach community is regularly overrun with tourists and local visitors, who travel to the island to listen to world music acts, which in the past have included 789:

Formosa (and its long sandy beaches) or the craggy islet of Lagoínhas in the north coast. Forestry, covering about 19 hectares (47 acres), is confined to high-density

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Its volcanic origin is characterized by a substratum of basalt deformed by a series of fractures that run along a northwest to southeast orientation (interlaced with

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and Moors (1616 and 1675). By the 17th century, a series of fortifications were constructed along the coast to defend the populace from these attacks, including the

3363: 629: 910:. As a result, extensive preparations were made and there were no deaths and damage was limited to vegetation. The same tropical cyclone also passed previously in 721:

The Feteiras Formation, resulting in the formation of three sub-aerial escoria cones along the coastal erosion platform (between 2–1.8 million years ago); and

3914: 2197:: the southern dry zone and transitional space that includes Praia Formosa and parts of the mountainous areas of Monteiro and Bom Despacho: 537 inhabitants (2001) 746: 564:

in the Azores, António declined even to disembark in Santa Maria. During this period, the island came to depend on the Governor General of the Azores. After the

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The island's economy passed through much of the cyclical evolution associated with the Azores. Initially, the economy was based on the production of wheat and

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Similar to other islands of the archipelago, Santa Maria was a victim of repeated attacks by privateers and pirates. In one of the principal engagements, a

613:, killing all 137 passengers and 7 members of the crew. There was confusion between tower and pilots as to the appropriate altitude during their approach. 474:, where he arrived in 1439 with colonists, bringing their families and some cattle. By 1460, the chronicler Diogo Gomes de Sintra identified the island as 3587:

M. Cachão; J. Madeira; C. Marques da Silva; J. M. N. Azevedo; A. P. Cruz; C. Garcia; F. Sousa; J. Melo; M. Aguiar; P. Silva; R. Martins; S. Ávila (2003),

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The old chapel of Anjos is only survived by a ruined ornate window portico on the site of the relatively new chapel (constructed in the 18th century).

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In addition, there are several calcium encrusted fossil deposits associated with marine deposits, during a period of island formation associated with

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Calhau da Roupa, the old port of Vila do Porto, and the natural terminus of the Regional Natural Monument of Pedreira do Campo, Figueiral and Prainha

3652: 2995:. Unsuccessful, they guided their boats to Santa Maria, finding landfall in southern beaches (along Praia). Their captain, Tabaqua-raz (a renegade 2469: 2446: 918: 651: 352: 846:) in order to encapsulate and administer the various territorial units into one scheme, that includes thirteen protected areas. In addition, the 93: 409:

According to legend Cabral's crew disembarked on a small beach in the northwestern Ponte dos Canestrantes, where he encountered a population of

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with 40 men disembarked in the port of Vila do Porto (in 1480), where they were confronted by residents under the command of the Captain-Major

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Mariense culture, much like the rest of the Azores, is heavily influenced by traditional religious festivals and feasts. In particular, the

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The Cabrestantes Formation, at the island's base, corresponding to the probable emergence of the island during multiple submarine eruptions;

684: 467: 3621: 914:, crossing the Azores on Sept. 19-20 as a Category 1 hurricane, producing a wind gust of 82 km/h (51 mph) on Santa Maria island. 51:

The agricultural fields of the western portion of the island of Santa Maria, location of the main settlement, Vila do Porto (as seen from

2234:(primarily of long-range airliners) reduced the importance of Santa Maria as a trans-Atlantic stop, and other airports (such as those in 327:) and the southernmost island in the Azores. The island is known for its white sand beaches, distinctive chimneys, and dry warm weather. 4019: 2672:

Similarly, the wines of the São Lourenço foothills, as well as other wines and sweet liqueurs, have been commercialized. These include

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to the throne of Portugal, which differed immensely from the Governor General of the Azores (on the island of São Miguel) who supported

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Politically, the island is one municipality, Vila do Porto, with a population of 5,578 inhabitants (2001), divided into five parishes:

406:, who registered them in Cabral's name, as commander of the voyage (he had already commanded two voyages of exploration in 1431–1432). 3474:] (in Portuguese). Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal: Secretaria Regional da Educação e Cultura/Direcção Regional da Educação. 3145: 2265:. This continued the island's importance as a technological and communications hub in the Atlantic, following the installation of the 2449:: although smaller than celebrations on neighbouring São Miguel island, the festival is still the largest event of religious year in 2329:. Secondary industries are dominated by civil construction, sawmills, tile and block factories, and artisan/handicraft manufacture. 3479: 402:

in 1432 (rather than the pilot Silves), since discoveries were not "recognized officially" until they declared so by the Portuguese

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These conditions allowed the formation of a fine clay, used later to support the pottery industry and export market (primarily to

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The preparations were so exaggerated that the pirates desisted, and made for the coasts of England instead.(FIGUEIREDO, 1990:75)

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A small group of boats (including a galleon and a carrack) disembarked on the island with several armed troops (equipped with

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small pastures and permanent holdings. There are several commercial species of fish in the waters around Santa Maria, such as

4392: 4326: 2254: 903: 749:, were created by decree of the Regional Assembly in order to preserve and protect this area of natural geological interest. 193: 3241: 3223: 2722: 2428:

examples of these buildings and structures that have lasted longer, due to no historical volcanism and fewer earthquakes.

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located close to Vila do Porto. The airport also provides some direct connections to the rest of the archipelago through

4127: 3854: 3645: 3516: 2815: 2353: 2188: 929: 882:). The island as well as the whole archipelago has an extremely moderate subtropical climate due to its location in the 599: 525: 4387: 4321: 2703:

In the remaining locales, the original natural rock pools have been replaced by concrete pools with seawater access.

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In addition to parochial celebrations associated with local saints, the island celebrates a festival in honour of the

606: 518: 3283: 3532: 2999:) spent the following weeks sacking and burning down churches, homes and public buildings (including the Convent of 2409:

control concerns. Wind provides 17% of power sent out over the year. The Power Authority is installing a 70 kW

3904: 2194: 832: 565: 557: 536:. After successive pirate attacks, the population was very hostile to travellers: in February 1493, the travelling 446: 205: 3304: 4132: 2716: 2235: 4366: 3568:(in Portuguese), Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: Jornal Oficial da Região Autonoma dos Açores, archived from 3065: 2734: 2294: 705:

The Anjos Complex, a sub-aerial and effusive formation created from eruptions between 8–5.5 million years;

3153:(in Portuguese) (Série 1 ed.), Lisbon, Portugal: Diário da República, 7 November 2008, pp. 7787–7801 2209:: the northern and eastern parish that includes Lagoínhas, Norte and the São Lourenço: 480 inhabitants (2001). 3710: 2257:

Sensor Station (GSS) station in Santa Maria was successful: the Mariense station won out over other sites in

3839: 3638: 3610: 2712: 2458: 911: 794: 761: 610: 399: 387: 162: 52: 3517:"A ilha de Santa Maria : evolução dos principais aspectos da sua paisagem humanizada (sécs. XV a XIX)" 3176:

Ventura, Maria Anunciação; Queiroz, Rosé Emília; Resendes, Roberto; Marquet, Nathalie; Melo, José Andrade,

4331: 4273: 3778: 3461:(in Portuguese). Lisbon: Departamento de Geologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa: 107. 3384: 2182: 2150: 891: 4158: 3721: 3685: 2617:(soups traditionally served during Pentecost), Santa Maria has a rich gastronomic history that includes 2250: 871: 799: 542: 367: 316: 3405: 2246:), better equipped and logistically advanced, diminished the importance of activities on Santa Maria. 2159: 398:: this name would become linked permanently to the island. Santa Maria's discovery was attributed to 3700: 2964: 2738: 2728: 2508: 777: 576: 537: 471: 324: 2191:: the northern parish, it includes the communities of Fátima, Paul and Pilar: 841 inhabitants (2001) 4122: 4083: 3909: 3746: 2492: 2462: 2364: 2230: 533: 442: 311: 262: 2854:

The year previous, Gonçalo Velho Cabral had actually discovered the small rock outcropping of the

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Regional Government legislated the creation (under Regional Legislative Decree 47/2008/A) of the

805: 769: 580: 561: 3880: 3870: 3618: 3029:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico 2500: 2413:

system taken from another island to increase wind proportion to deal with frequency excursions.

2357: 568:(1640), the news was greeted with celebrations and excesses by the Captain-Major Brás de Sousa. 2367:, services Santa Maria weekly during the summer. Similarly, inaugurated in 2007, the marina in 621: 4283: 4137: 4049: 4034: 4004: 3849: 3547: 3475: 2406: 2200: 2103: 1501: 1453: 730: 511: 403: 363: 272: 3925: 2768: 625:

Ribeira do Maloás, 15 to 20 m (49 to 66 ft) tall basalt columns forming a waterfall

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Colonization progressed between 1443 and 1447, principally from settlers from the Portuguese

4351: 4341: 4071: 4044: 4014: 3875: 3824: 2992: 2410: 2391: 2383: 2226: 862: 370:(1325–1357). These were unsubstantiated accounts and unofficial, until 1427 when navigator 2968:

fighting, the French troops then reembarked and abandoned the island. (FIGUEIREDO:1990:75).

2441: 4216: 4088: 4061: 3819: 3814: 3751: 3625: 1575: 715: 647: 371: 3526:(in Portuguese) (4). Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: University of the Azores: 225–244. 733:), and others (in Ponta do Castelo) dating back 5 millions of years (to the end of 675:(approximately 10-8 million years ago), with volcanic activity extending until the 4336: 4278: 4258: 4211: 4173: 4076: 4029: 4024: 3510:(in Portuguese) (19). Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: University of the Azores: 1–13. 2262: 883: 811: 781: 588: 81: 3588: 455: 292: 4381: 4293: 4201: 4168: 4112: 4066: 4009: 3988: 3834: 3799: 3763: 3546:(2) (2 ed.). Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: University of the Azores: 33–63. 3533:"Sociedade e administração nos Açores (século XV-XVIII) : o caso de Santa Maria" 2422: 2368: 2243: 2239: 1982: 1332: 742: 592: 553: 498: 450: 430: 212: 2790: 823: 433:) that would oversee security and colonization, while enforcing the King's law. The 4185: 3773: 3731: 3590:

Pedreira do Campo (Santa Maria, Açores): Monumento Natural, Ciências da Terra (UNL)

2472:. On 15 August each year, the municipality also celebrates a festival in honour of 2402: 2326: 639: 572: 358:

The first records of a group of islands in the Atlantic (aside from the legends of

2273:) VLBI antenna, on the heels of the protocol signed on 29 April 2010, between the 426: 2483:

During the last week of August, Praia Formosa is home to a world music festival:

3964: 3829: 3794: 3741: 2690: 2395: 2203:: the eastern corner covering Maia, Glória and Fontinhas: 723 inhabitants (2001) 887: 790: 391: 374:

found the island of Santa Maria (at that time referred to on nautical charts as

2694:, which are made using traditional techniques and favoured following a dinner. 2549:

Traditional music and folk dancing are heavily influenced by the styles of the

932:), elevation: 100 m or 330 ft, 1971-1994 normals, 1961-1990 extremes 343: 46: 4346: 4180: 4117: 4102: 4097: 3899: 3844: 3493:(in Portuguese). Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal: SREC/DRAC. p. 268. 3459:

Tese apresentada às provas de Capacidade Científica para passagem a Assistente

2960: 2641:(a mixture of fish or seafood in broth and/or bread). Sweet desserts, such as 2504: 2322: 680: 657: 410: 335: 62: 3551: 3147:

Decreto Legislativo Regional 47/2008/A: Parque Natural da Ilha de Santa Maria

2731:(1568–1617) a nobleman, conquistador, colonizer and explorer of South America 698:

silicate material), resulting in the following volcano-stratigraphic layers:

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The Azores Islands, site with abundant information about Santa Maria Island

3180:(in Portuguese), Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: University of the Azores 2530: 470:, was nominated the first captain of the island of Santa Maria and (later) 2791:"INE - Plataforma de divulgação dos Censos 2021 – Resultados Preliminares" 4311: 4221: 3891: 3804: 3736: 3663: 3178:

Caracterização e Avaliação dos Percursos Pedestres da Ilha de Santa Maria

2988: 2855: 2554: 2314: 907: 738: 676: 584: 482: 359: 184: 1567:

An alternative source with more recent averages gives different values.

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The Santa Maria Island power station is close to the airport, and uses

2318: 2306: 2258: 895: 734: 672: 521: 486: 383: 2725:(1520-1570s) a nobleman and Notary of government in the Azores Islands 67:

Location of the island of Santa Maria in the archipelago of the Azores

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Annual festivities come to a private close with the festival of the

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An inter-island ferry, owned by Azorean maritime transport operator

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In July 1616, 500 Muslims from the area of Algeria left to pursue

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Direct flights to the continent (Lisbon) are provided primarily by

362:) came from the voyages of Portuguese sailors during the reigns of 4263: 4153: 3338: 3284:"Hurricane Gordon causes minor damage in Azores, losing intensity" 2996: 2599: 861: 695: 646: 620: 529: 394:), when one of the lookouts spotted the distant island, declaring 334: 3263:"Gordon: Waiting for the storm in the dark of the night – Azores" 3501:"A ilha de Santa Maria. História, clima e evolução da população" 3334: 2333: 2219: 1579: 1557: 1548: 691: 3929: 3634: 797:, and unkept parcels of wild plants dominated by mock orange ( 2287:

Director-General of the National Geographic Institute of Spain

501:(in the southwest coast). This area would attain the title of 549:

and the (ruined) Fort of São João Baptista in Praia Formosa.

2610:) relates aspects of the history and culture of the island. 390:

and his crew were celebrating mass (on the feast day of the

478:, with the choicest lands in the hands of their commander. 2283:

Diretor Geral do Instituto Geográfico Nacional de Espanha

2275:

Secretário Regional da Ciência, Tecnologia e Equipamentos

724:

A secondary coastal erosion period during the Quaternary.

386:. Myth tells that on the day of the island's discovery, 2374:

Bus and taxi service is provided throughout the island.

2279:

Regional Secretary for Science, Technology and Equipment

605:

On 8 February 1989, an American chartered Boeing 707 of

583:. The Captain-major even attempted to raise arms from 3967:

but closer to or on continents other than Europe (see

752:

The island is marked by two geomorphological regions:

595:) during one of the crucial battles of the Civil War. 339:

Prainha Fort, an early 18th century fort in Almagreira

3508:

Relatórios e Comunicações do Departamento de Biologia

3472:

The islands of the Infante: the island of Santa Maria

3112:. Ponta Delgada: Sociedade Afonso Chaves, 2005. p. 21 718:

during the Pliocene period resulting from a sea rise;

4304: 4251: 4230: 4194: 4146: 3997: 3976: 3889: 3863: 3787: 3760: 3718: 3682: 3195:"Caracterização e diagnóstico: Ilha de Santa Maria" 2541:) a regional specialty of the island of Santa Maria 2271:

Atlantic Network of Geodynamic and Spatial Stations

2267:

Rede Atlântica de Estações Geodinâmicas e Espaciais

466:; for his part, Gonçalo Velho, with the support of 283: 278: 268: 258: 250: 237: 225: 220: 204: 192: 168: 158: 150: 142: 134: 124: 87: 77: 72: 31: 2629:(a thick meat stew in a traditional ceramic pot), 2562:). Many of the dances have curious names, such as 552:When the 1580 crisis of succession ushered in the 2371:allows access to the island throughout the year. 575:(1828–1834) the citizens supported the rights of 3406:"Meteo Climat Santa Maria averages 1953−present" 229: 3364:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 3026:Forte de São Brás (IPA.00015931/PT072107050007) 3915:Hydrothermal vents and seamounts of the Azores 2405:, which are limited to 50% peak demand due to 747:Regional Natural Monument of Pedreira do Campo 3941: 3646: 3424: 3422: 489:, who populated the northern coast along the 8: 4362:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 4357:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 3435:(in Portuguese), Governo Regional dos Açores 3095: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3083: 556:in Portugal, the island initially supported 26: 3110:Geologia dos Açores: Uma Perspectiva Actual 2867:Artur Teodoro de Matos, et.al. (2008), p.55 2669:(sugar-coated biscuits), are also popular. 598:During World War II the United States used 3956:Outlying territories of European countries 3948: 3934: 3926: 3653: 3639: 3631: 3468:As Ilhas do Infante: a Ilha de Santa Maria 3432:Santa Maria vai ter uma Estação do Galileo 3385:"Meteo Climat Portugal averages 1991−2020" 1570: 1560:(extremes, humidity & sunshine hours) 924: 61: 45: 25: 3499:Raposo, António G.B.; Reis, Victorino V. 3466:Figueiredo, Nélia Maria Coutinho (1996). 3265:. Portuguese American Journal. 2012-08-20 2715:(1493 in Vila do Porto – 1571) the third 2401:The island also has access to 5 x 1.5 MW 852:Regional Directorate for Forest Resources 848:Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais 532:, who took him in irons as a prisoner to 3322: 3320: 3189: 3187: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2529: 2440: 919:Recreational Forest Reserve of Fontinhas 844:Nature Park of the Island of Santa Maria 822: 656: 652:Recreational Forest Reserve of Fontinhas 638: 628: 349:Direcção Regional de Recursos Florestais 342: 3360:"Santa Maria Climate Normals 1961-1990" 3171: 3169: 3167: 2755: 429:) to a noblemen and men of confidence ( 353:Recreational Forest Reserve of Valverde 3562:Decreto Legislativo Regional 47/2008/A 3238:"Santa Maria sunshine hours 2018-2020" 3220:"Santa Maria sunshine hours 1998-2017" 2645:(meringues), melindres (honey cakes), 2480:), the patron saint of Vila do Porto. 902:The island received a direct hit from 4057:Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean 3133:Parque Natural da Ilha de Santa Maria 2894:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.33-36 2608:Ethnographic Museum of Santo Espírito 1574:Climate data for Santa Maria Airport 928:Climate data for Santa Maria Island ( 840:Parque Natural da Ilha de Santa Maria 310: 138:96.87 km (37.40 sq mi) 7: 3619:Photos of Santa Maria island, Azores 323:archipelago (south of the island of 4020:French Southern and Antarctic Lands 3524:Arquipélago. Série Ciências Humanas 3305:"Gordon is a Goner in the Atlantic" 2604:Museu Etnográfico de Santo Espírito 2461:, closely tied to the 14th-century 21:Santa Maria Island (disambiguation) 2931:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.41 2912:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.39 2903:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.38 2876:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.34 2836:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.33 2737:(1570–1631) a noble lady, wife of 2516:Confraria dos Escravos da Cadeinha 2459:festival of the Divine Holy Spirit 793:trees planted along the slopes of 347:The headquarters building for the 14: 3491:Dicionário Corográfico dos Açores 2845:José Damião Rodrigues (1995), p.2 2520:Centro Cultural Cristóvão Colombo 2423:Vila do Porto § Architecture 4040:Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands 3709: 3669: 3662: 3489:Ribeiro, José Rodrigues (1979). 2680:(both fortified wine liqueurs), 2470:Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles 2447:Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles 685:Azores–Gibraltar Transform Fault 547:Fort of São Brás (Vila do Porto) 445:(in his role as governor of the 242: 241: 177: 3676:Autonomous Region of the Azores 3531:Rodrigues, João Damião (1995). 3023:Noé, Paula (2012), SIPA (ed.), 441:for the Azores was the Infante 4327:British Indian Ocean Territory 3515:João de Medeiros, Constancia. 2885:Carlos Melo Bento (2008), p.20 819:Ecoregions and protected areas 366:(1279–1325) and his successor 146:77.55 km (48.187 mi) 16:Island of the Azores, Portugal 1: 3864:Caves and geological features 3429:GRA, ed. (5 September 2012), 3242:German Meteorological Service 3224:German Meteorological Service 3099:M. Cahcao et al (2003), p.121 3055:José Rodrigues Ribeiro (1979) 417:(from the generic Portuguese 154:586.8 m (1925.2 ft) 3855:List of Islets in the Azores 3559:GRA, ed. (7 November 2008), 3131:GRA, ed. (7 November 2008), 1551:(normals and precipitation) 600:Santa Maria Airport (Azores) 4322:British Antarctic Territory 3963:Territories under European 2463:Queen Elizabeth of Portugal 2055:Average precipitation days 1841:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1701:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1405:Average precipitation days 1191:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1051:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 607:Independent Air Flight 1851 497:) and later in the area of 4409: 2478:Our Lady of the Assumption 2420: 2157: 2148: 1573: 1555: 1546: 927: 833:Nature Park of Santa Maria 830: 566:Portuguese Restoration War 18: 4133:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 3971:for further information). 3961: 3707: 3328:"Atlas Climático Ibérico" 3286:. Reuters. 20 August 2012 2858:northeast of Santa Maria. 2474:Nossa Senhora da Assunção 2101: 2054: 1980: 1910: 1840: 1770: 1700: 1630: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1499: 1451: 1404: 1330: 1260: 1190: 1120: 1050: 980: 975: 972: 969: 966: 963: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 945: 942: 939: 936: 560:, but with pressure from 494: 308:Portuguese pronunciation: 173: 60: 44: 4367:Turks and Caicos Islands 2735:Margarida Cabral de Melo 463:captains of the donatary 413:, proclaiming the beach 382:) during his journey to 39:Nickname: The Sun Island 2769:"Geografia Santa Maria" 2723:Estêvão Pires de Alpoim 2663:biscoitos de aguardente 2162:extremes, 1953−present 870:Santa Maria has a mild 312:[ˈsɐ̃tɐmɐˈɾi.ɐ] 4332:British Virgin Islands 3905:D. João de Castro Bank 2633:(a liver stew/sauce), 2542: 2454: 867: 828: 662: 654: 644: 636: 626: 571:During the Portuguese 355: 340: 315:) is an island in the 279:Additional information 254:56/km (145/sq mi) 230: 151:Highest elevation 4393:Islands of the Azores 4159:Caribbean Netherlands 3540:Arquipélago. História 3121:Maderia, 1986, p. 107 2647:biscoitos encanelados 2572:Moda do Moinho de Mão 2533: 2444: 2251:European Space Agency 872:Mediterranean climate 865: 826: 800:Pittosporum undulatum 737:and beginning of the 660: 650: 642: 632: 624: 543:Azores Voyage of 1589 476:Ilha de Gonçalo Velho 346: 338: 109:36.97472°N 25.09472°W 2739:Amador Vaz de Alpoim 2729:Amador Vaz de Alpoim 2713:João Soares de Sousa 2684:(mulberry liqueur), 2489:August Tide Festival 2153:normals, 1991−2021 1631:Record high °C (°F) 1582:) 1991−2020 normals 981:Record high °C (°F) 778:Vila Franca do Campo 538:Christopher Columbus 400:Gonçalo Velho Cabral 388:Gonçalo Velho Cabral 19:For other uses, see 4274:Plazas de Soberanía 4084:Juan de Nova Island 3910:Princess Alice Bank 3575:on 28 December 2020 3068:. azoresgeopark.com 3066:"Ribeira do Maloás" 3046:Figueiredo, 1990:77 2771:. Azores Government 2688:(milk liqueur) and 2655:biscoitos de orelha 2639:caldeirada de peixe 2535:Biscoitos de Orelha 2493:John Lee Hooker Jr. 2354:Santa Maria Airport 2231:air traffic control 1911:Record low °C (°F) 1771:Daily mean °C (°F) 1261:Record low °C (°F) 1121:Daily mean °C (°F) 930:Santa Maria Airport 866:Bay of São Lourenço 827:Barreiro da Faneca. 803:), common juniper ( 643:São Lourenço Islet. 453:), who was granted 443:Henry the Navigator 114:36.97472; -25.09472 105: / 35:Ilha de Santa Maria 28: 4388:Santa Maria Island 4289:Chafarinas Islands 3969:inclusion criteria 3624:2009-09-07 at the 3596:, pp. 120–123 2816:"Forte da Prainha" 2576:Style of Hand Mill 2543: 2455: 886:influenced by the 868: 829: 806:Juniperus communis 666:Physical geography 663: 655: 645: 637: 627: 562:Philip II of Spain 356: 341: 159:Highest point 27:Santa Maria Island 4375: 4374: 4284:Alhucemas Islands 4138:Wallis and Futuna 4050:Saint Paul Island 4035:Kerguelen Islands 4005:Clipperton Island 3923: 3922: 3890:Reefs, banks and 3761:Grupo Ocidental ( 3542:(in Portuguese). 2659:biscoitos brancos 2637:(fish soup), and 2621:(a turnip soup), 2445:The image of the 2384:diesel generators 2166: 2165: 1564: 1563: 1454:relative humidity 731:Pleistocene epoch 495:Bay of the Angels 431:donatary-captains 301: 300: 194:Autonomous Region 4400: 4352:Pitcairn Islands 4342:Falkland Islands 4123:Saint Barthélemy 4072:Glorioso Islands 4045:Amsterdam Island 4015:French Polynesia 3950: 3943: 3936: 3927: 3876:Gruta das Torres 3713: 3683:Grupo Oriental ( 3674: 3673: 3667: 3666: 3655: 3648: 3641: 3632: 3617: 3609: 3597: 3595: 3583: 3582: 3580: 3574: 3567: 3555: 3537: 3527: 3521: 3511: 3505: 3494: 3485: 3462: 3444: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3426: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3402: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3332: 3324: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3311: 3301: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3291: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3270: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3199: 3191: 3182: 3181: 3173: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3152: 3142: 3136: 3135: 3128: 3122: 3119: 3113: 3106: 3100: 3097: 3078: 3077: 3075: 3073: 3062: 3056: 3053: 3047: 3044: 3038: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3020: 3014: 3010: 3004: 2985: 2979: 2975: 2969: 2957: 2951: 2947: 2941: 2938: 2932: 2929: 2923: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2904: 2901: 2895: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2865: 2859: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2818:. fortalezas.org 2812: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2787: 2781: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2765: 2717:Donatary-Captain 2674:vinho abafadinho 2564:Pézinho da Garça 2411:flywheel storage 2058: 1571: 1408: 925: 904:Hurricane Gordon 694:and deposits of 634:Poço da Pedreira 558:António of Crato 496: 314: 309: 245: 244: 233: 183: 181: 180: 120: 119: 117: 116: 115: 110: 106: 103: 102: 101: 98: 65: 49: 29: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4402: 4401: 4399: 4398: 4397: 4378: 4377: 4376: 4371: 4300: 4247: 4226: 4217:Queen Maud Land 4190: 4142: 4089:Tromelin Island 4062:Bassas da India 3993: 3972: 3957: 3954: 3924: 3919: 3900:Dollabarat Reef 3885: 3881:Gruta do Carvão 3871:Algar do Carvão 3859: 3783: 3756: 3719:Grupo Central ( 3714: 3705: 3678: 3668: 3661: 3659: 3626:Wayback Machine 3615: 3607: 3604: 3593: 3586: 3578: 3576: 3572: 3565: 3558: 3535: 3530: 3519: 3514: 3503: 3498: 3488: 3482: 3465: 3456: 3453: 3448: 3447: 3438: 3436: 3428: 3427: 3420: 3410: 3408: 3404: 3403: 3399: 3389: 3387: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3368: 3366: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3343: 3341: 3330: 3326: 3325: 3318: 3309: 3307: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3289: 3287: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3268: 3266: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3246: 3244: 3236: 3235: 3231: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3203: 3201: 3200:. azores.gov.pt 3197: 3193: 3192: 3185: 3175: 3174: 3165: 3156: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3130: 3129: 3125: 3120: 3116: 3108:França et al., 3107: 3103: 3098: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3054: 3050: 3045: 3041: 3032: 3030: 3022: 3021: 3017: 3011: 3007: 2986: 2982: 2976: 2972: 2958: 2954: 2948: 2944: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2926: 2920: 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4225: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4212:Peter I Island 4209: 4204: 4198: 4196: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4177: 4176: 4174:Sint Eustatius 4171: 4166: 4156: 4150: 4148: 4144: 4143: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4094: 4093: 4092: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4080: 4079: 4069: 4064: 4054: 4053: 4052: 4047: 4037: 4032: 4030:Crozet Islands 4027: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4001: 3999: 3995: 3994: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3980: 3978: 3974: 3973: 3962: 3959: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3952: 3945: 3938: 3930: 3921: 3920: 3918: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3896: 3894: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3867: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3776: 3770: 3768: 3758: 3757: 3755: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3728: 3726: 3716: 3715: 3708: 3706: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3690: 3680: 3679: 3660: 3658: 3657: 3650: 3643: 3635: 3629: 3628: 3613: 3603: 3602:External links 3600: 3599: 3598: 3584: 3556: 3528: 3512: 3496: 3486: 3480: 3463: 3452: 3449: 3446: 3445: 3418: 3397: 3376: 3351: 3316: 3296: 3275: 3254: 3229: 3211: 3183: 3163: 3137: 3123: 3114: 3101: 3079: 3057: 3048: 3039: 3015: 3005: 2980: 2970: 2952: 2942: 2933: 2924: 2914: 2905: 2896: 2887: 2878: 2869: 2860: 2847: 2838: 2829: 2807: 2782: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2742: 2741: 2732: 2726: 2720: 2719:of Santa Maria 2708: 2707:Notable people 2705: 2699: 2696: 2686:licor de leite 2682:licor de amora 2625:(a pan cake), 2623:bolo de panela 2560:viola de arame 2527: 2524: 2499:, Skatalites, 2485:Maré de Agosto 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2421:Main article: 2418: 2415: 2379: 2376: 2345: 2344:Transportation 2342: 2263:Canary Islands 2215: 2212: 2211: 2210: 2204: 2201:Santo Espírito 2198: 2192: 2186: 2171: 2168: 2164: 2163: 2155: 2154: 2146: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2104:sunshine hours 2099: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 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206:Municipalities 202: 201: 196: 190: 189: 174: 171: 170: 169:Administration 166: 165: 160: 156: 155: 152: 148: 147: 144: 140: 139: 136: 132: 131: 126: 122: 121: 89: 85: 84: 82:Atlantic Ocean 79: 75: 74: 70: 69: 66: 58: 57: 50: 42: 41: 38: 34: 32: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4405: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4385: 4383: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4309: 4307: 4303: 4295: 4294:Velez Islands 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4276: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4250: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4202:Bouvet Island 4200: 4199: 4197: 4193: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4151: 4149: 4145: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4113:New Caledonia 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4078: 4075: 4074: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4067:Europa Island 4065: 4063: 4060: 4059: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4010:French Guiana 4008: 4006: 4003: 4002: 4000: 3996: 3990: 3989:Faroe Islands 3987: 3985: 3982: 3981: 3979: 3975: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3951: 3946: 3944: 3939: 3937: 3932: 3931: 3928: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3888: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3862: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3765: 3764:Western Group 3759: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3723: 3722:Central Group 3717: 3712: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3687: 3686:Eastern Group 3681: 3677: 3672: 3665: 3656: 3651: 3649: 3644: 3642: 3637: 3636: 3633: 3627: 3623: 3620: 3614: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3592: 3591: 3585: 3571: 3564: 3563: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3513: 3509: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3483: 3481:972-8366-00-0 3477: 3473: 3469: 3464: 3460: 3455: 3454: 3450: 3434: 3433: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3407: 3401: 3398: 3386: 3380: 3377: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3352: 3340: 3336: 3329: 3323: 3321: 3317: 3306: 3300: 3297: 3285: 3279: 3276: 3264: 3258: 3255: 3243: 3239: 3233: 3230: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3212: 3196: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3179: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3149: 3148: 3141: 3138: 3134: 3127: 3124: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3102: 3096: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3080: 3067: 3061: 3058: 3052: 3049: 3043: 3040: 3028: 3027: 3019: 3016: 3009: 3006: 3002: 3001:São Francisco 2998: 2994: 2991:traveling to 2990: 2984: 2981: 2974: 2971: 2966: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2946: 2943: 2937: 2934: 2928: 2925: 2918: 2915: 2909: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2891: 2888: 2882: 2879: 2873: 2870: 2864: 2861: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2842: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2796: 2795:censos.ine.pt 2792: 2786: 2783: 2770: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2756: 2749: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2714: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2704: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2692: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2678:vinho abafado 2675: 2670: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2653:(a pudding), 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2635:sopa de peixe 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2619:sopa de nabos 2616: 2611: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2556: 2552: 2547: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2517: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2464: 2460: 2452: 2448: 2443: 2436: 2431: 2429: 2424: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2403:wind turbines 2399: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2386:: 3 X 1.5 MW 2385: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2369:Vila do Porto 2366: 2365:AtlânticoLine 2361: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2247: 2245: 2244:Ponta Delgada 2241: 2237: 2232: 2228: 2223: 2221: 2213: 2208: 2207:Santa Bárbara 2205: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2183:Vila do Porto 2181: 2180: 2179: 2176: 2169: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2147: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102:Mean monthly 2100: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2053: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1984: 1983:precipitation 1979: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1909: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1839: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1629: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1568: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500:Mean monthly 1498: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1403: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1334: 1333:precipitation 1329: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1259: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1189: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1049: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 983: 979: 935: 931: 926: 922: 920: 915: 913: 909: 905: 900: 897: 893: 892:Flores Island 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 864: 857: 855: 853: 849: 845: 841: 834: 825: 818: 816: 814: 813: 808: 807: 802: 801: 796: 792: 786: 783: 779: 773: 771: 763: 759: 755: 754: 753: 750: 748: 744: 743:Georg Hartung 740: 736: 732: 723: 720: 717: 713: 710: 707: 704: 701: 700: 699: 697: 693: 688: 686: 682: 678: 674: 665: 659: 653: 649: 641: 635: 631: 623: 616: 614: 612: 608: 603: 601: 596: 594: 593:Vila do Conde 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 569: 567: 563: 559: 555: 554:Iberian Union 550: 548: 544: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 520: 515: 513: 509: 508:Santa Bárbara 504: 503:Vila do Porto 500: 499:Vila do Porto 492: 488: 484: 479: 477: 473: 469: 465: 464: 458: 457: 456:carte blanche 452: 451:Duke of Viseu 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 407: 405: 401: 397: 396:"Santa Maria" 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 354: 350: 345: 337: 330: 328: 326: 322: 318: 317:eastern group 313: 305: 294: 291: 290: 288: 286: 282: 277: 274: 271: 269:Ethnic groups 267: 264: 261: 257: 253: 249: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 219: 214: 213:Vila do Porto 211: 210: 209: 207: 203: 200: 197: 195: 191: 187: 186: 172: 167: 164: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 130: 127: 123: 118: 90: 86: 83: 80: 76: 71: 64: 59: 54: 48: 43: 33:Native name: 30: 22: 4186:Sint Maarten 4128:Saint Martin 4077:Geyser Shoal 3762: 3720: 3695: 3684: 3616:(in English) 3608:(in English) 3589: 3577:, retrieved 3570:the original 3561: 3543: 3539: 3523: 3507: 3490: 3471: 3467: 3458: 3437:, retrieved 3431: 3409:. Retrieved 3400: 3388:. Retrieved 3379: 3367:. Retrieved 3354: 3342:. Retrieved 3308:. Retrieved 3299: 3288:. Retrieved 3278: 3267:. Retrieved 3257: 3245:. Retrieved 3232: 3214: 3202:. Retrieved 3177: 3155:, retrieved 3146: 3140: 3132: 3126: 3117: 3109: 3104: 3070:. Retrieved 3060: 3051: 3042: 3033:14 September 3031:, retrieved 3025: 3018: 3008: 3000: 2983: 2973: 2955: 2945: 2936: 2927: 2922:(1660–1670). 2917: 2908: 2899: 2890: 2881: 2872: 2863: 2850: 2841: 2832: 2820:. Retrieved 2810: 2798:. Retrieved 2794: 2785: 2773:. Retrieved 2701: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2612: 2607: 2603: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2568:Herons' Foot 2567: 2563: 2559: 2548: 2544: 2538: 2534: 2519: 2515: 2513: 2488: 2484: 2482: 2477: 2473: 2467: 2456: 2426: 2417:Architecture 2400: 2381: 2378:Power supply 2373: 2362: 2347: 2331: 2327:frigate tuna 2291: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2248: 2224: 2217: 2177: 2173: 2160:Meteo Climat 2151:Meteo Climat 1985:mm (inches) 1566: 1335:mm (inches) 916: 901: 879: 869: 851: 847: 843: 839: 836: 810: 804: 798: 787: 774: 767: 751: 727: 714:A period of 689: 669: 633: 604: 597: 570: 551: 516: 502: 490: 480: 475: 461: 454: 438: 434: 422: 418: 414: 408: 395: 379: 375: 357: 348: 303: 302: 251:Pop. density 246:5,408 (2021) 221:Demographics 175: 4147:Netherlands 4025:Adélie Land 3965:sovereignty 3850:Vila Franca 3696:Santa Maria 3439:5 September 3369:November 3, 2539:Ear Cookies 2537:(literally 2437:Festivities 2396:black start 2392:Caterpillar 2303:red snapper 888:Gulf Stream 791:Cryptomeria 609:crashed at 602:as a base. 526:João Soares 468:D. Isabella 411:Eared seals 392:Virgin Mary 380:Ilha do Ovo 304:Santa Maria 125:Archipelago 112: / 88:Coordinates 4382:Categories 4347:Montserrat 4103:Martinique 4098:Guadeloupe 3701:São Miguel 3344:6 December 3310:2013-06-06 3290:2012-11-07 3269:2012-11-07 3247:21 January 3204:21 January 3072:19 January 2965:São Miguel 2961:arquebuses 2822:19 January 2800:9 November 2775:19 January 2745:References 2691:aguardente 2505:Rui Veloso 2323:needlefish 2295:sheepshead 2281:) and the 2195:Almagreira 2158:Source 2: 2149:Source 1: 2057:(≥ 1.0 mm) 1556:Source 2: 1547:Source 1: 1407:(≥ 1.0 mm) 772:activity. 681:Quaternary 493:(English: 472:São Miguel 423:monk seals 364:King Denis 325:São Miguel 273:Portuguese 263:Portuguese 238:Population 100:25°05′41″W 97:36°58′29″N 4207:Jan Mayen 3984:Greenland 3892:seamounts 3825:Mosteiros 3820:Monchique 3810:Fradinhos 3747:São Jorge 3552:0871-7664 2651:tigeladas 2526:Tradition 2509:Gentleman 2407:frequency 2338:swordfish 2319:anchovies 2189:São Pedro 795:Pico Alto 770:Surtseyan 762:Pico Alto 617:Geography 611:Pico Alto 573:Civil War 530:Spaniards 519:Castilian 439:Donatário 427:donatário 293:UTC−01:00 285:Time zone 259:Languages 163:Pico Alto 143:Coastline 73:Geography 53:Pico Alto 4312:Anguilla 4231:Portugal 4222:Svalbard 3815:Madalena 3805:Formigas 3752:Terceira 3737:Graciosa 3622:Archived 3157:20 April 3013:1990:76) 2997:Genovese 2989:carracks 2856:Formigas 2643:suspiros 2580:Alfinete 2570:dance), 2555:Alentejo 2390:and 2 x 2315:mackerel 2261:and the 2144:2,264.4 2050:(38.42) 1981:Average 1452:Average 1400:(28.73) 1331:Average 908:landfall 739:Pliocene 677:Pliocene 585:Terceira 577:Maria II 483:Alentejo 360:Atlantis 231:Mariense 185:Portugal 78:Location 4317:Bermuda 4269:Melilla 4243:Madeira 4181:Curaçao 4164:Bonaire 4118:Réunion 4108:Mayotte 3977:Denmark 3840:Sabrina 3451:Sources 2698:Tourism 2667:cavacas 2627:Ccçoila 2602:). The 2594:), and 2592:Balloon 2432:Culture 2352:out of 2307:grouper 2259:Madeira 2255:Galileo 2214:Economy 2097:119.53 2045:(6.10) 2040:(3.72) 2035:(5.42) 2030:(2.49) 2025:(1.70) 2020:(1.14) 2015:(1.52) 2010:(2.56) 2005:(3.15) 2000:(3.67) 1995:(3.05) 1990:(3.90) 1976:(33.6) 1971:(43.2) 1966:(44.6) 1961:(46.8) 1956:(50.4) 1951:(55.4) 1946:(53.6) 1941:(50.0) 1936:(48.2) 1931:(44.2) 1926:(41.0) 1921:(33.6) 1916:(35.4) 1906:(60.5) 1901:(57.2) 1896:(59.7) 1891:(63.9) 1886:(67.1) 1881:(68.7) 1876:(66.4) 1871:(62.6) 1866:(58.6) 1861:(56.3) 1856:(55.0) 1851:(54.9) 1846:(55.9) 1836:(65.2) 1831:(61.2) 1826:(64.0) 1821:(68.4) 1816:(72.3) 1811:(73.9) 1806:(71.6) 1801:(67.5) 1796:(63.7) 1791:(61.0) 1786:(59.5) 1781:(59.0) 1776:(59.9) 1766:(69.7) 1761:(65.1) 1756:(68.2) 1751:(73.0) 1746:(77.4) 1741:(79.0) 1736:(76.6) 1731:(72.3) 1726:(68.4) 1721:(65.8) 1716:(64.2) 1711:(63.1) 1706:(63.5) 1696:(88.0) 1691:(76.1) 1686:(78.8) 1681:(88.0) 1676:(83.3) 1671:(87.1) 1666:(84.9) 1661:(82.4) 1656:(82.4) 1651:(76.1) 1646:(74.5) 1641:(75.2) 1636:(71.6) 1395:(3.06) 1390:(4.44) 1385:(3.03) 1380:(2.35) 1375:(1.45) 1370:(1.02) 1365:(0.85) 1360:(1.53) 1355:(2.22) 1350:(2.55) 1345:(2.83) 1340:(3.40) 1326:(40.6) 1321:(43.7) 1316:(46.8) 1311:(51.1) 1306:(55.8) 1301:(58.3) 1296:(54.3) 1291:(50.0) 1286:(48.9) 1281:(44.6) 1276:(41.9) 1271:(40.6) 1266:(43.2) 1256:(58.9) 1251:(55.8) 1246:(58.6) 1241:(62.2) 1236:(65.7) 1231:(66.9) 1226:(64.8) 1221:(61.0) 1216:(57.0) 1211:(54.7) 1206:(54.0) 1201:(52.7) 1196:(53.6) 1186:(63.7) 1181:(60.1) 1176:(63.0) 1171:(66.9) 1166:(70.9) 1161:(72.1) 1156:(70.2) 1151:(65.8) 1146:(62.1) 1141:(59.5) 1136:(58.5) 1131:(57.4) 1126:(57.9) 1116:(68.5) 1111:(64.4) 1106:(67.3) 1101:(71.6) 1096:(76.1) 1091:(77.5) 1086:(75.4) 1081:(70.9) 1076:(67.1) 1071:(64.4) 1066:(63.0) 1061:(61.9) 1056:(62.2) 1046:(83.3) 1041:(74.3) 1036:(74.1) 1031:(79.7) 1026:(82.8) 1021:(83.3) 1016:(82.8) 1011:(78.3) 1006:(74.5) 1001:(70.9) 996:(71.6) 991:(68.7) 986:(68.4) 896:Algarve 858:Climate 735:Miocene 673:Miocene 589:Mindelo 534:Castile 522:carrack 487:Algarve 384:Madeira 351:in the 331:History 319:of the 226:Demonym 4238:Azores 4195:Norway 3998:France 3835:Rosais 3800:Cabras 3788:Islets 3779:Flores 3550: 3478: 2596:Mouros 2551:Beiras 2451:Azores 2311:wrasse 2227:Ginjal 2141:107.2 2138:138.8 2135:163.0 2132:181.9 2129:248.6 2126:262.6 2123:245.3 2120:247.4 2117:205.6 2114:194.0 2111:145.4 2108:124.6 2094:15.62 2091:11.54 2088:13.26 2070:10.29 2067:11.83 2064:10.35 2061:12.83 1587:Month 1542:1,933 937:Month 876:Köppen 581:Miguel 435:master 321:Azores 199:Azores 182: 129:Azores 4264:Ceuta 4252:Spain 4154:Aruba 3830:Praia 3795:Baixo 3774:Corvo 3732:Faial 3594:(PDF) 3579:1 May 3573:(PDF) 3566:(PDF) 3536:(PDF) 3520:(PDF) 3504:(PDF) 3470:[ 3411:6 May 3390:6 May 3339:AEMET 3331:(PDF) 3198:(PDF) 3151:(PDF) 2993:India 2750:Notes 2676:and 2600:Moors 2590:(the 2588:Balão 2582:(the 2574:(the 2566:(the 2299:vejas 2240:Horta 2236:Lajes 2085:8.76 2082:5.99 2079:4.57 2076:5.24 2073:9.25 2048:975.9 2043:155.0 2033:137.7 1626:Year 1398:729.5 1388:112.7 976:Year 782:Lagoa 696:mafic 421:, or 404:Crown 4169:Saba 3845:Topo 3742:Pico 3581:2012 3548:ISSN 3476:ISBN 3441:2012 3413:2022 3392:2022 3371:2012 3346:2020 3335:IPMA 3249:2021 3206:2021 3159:2014 3074:2021 3035:2016 2824:2021 2802:2021 2777:2021 2665:and 2553:and 2507:and 2497:Kíla 2334:tuna 2325:and 2249:The 2242:and 2220:woad 2038:94.4 2028:63.2 2023:43.1 2018:29.0 2013:38.7 2008:65.1 2003:79.9 1998:93.3 1993:77.4 1988:99.1 1954:10.2 1949:13.0 1944:12.0 1939:10.0 1904:15.9 1899:14.0 1894:15.4 1889:17.7 1884:19.5 1879:20.4 1874:19.1 1869:17.0 1864:14.8 1859:13.5 1854:12.8 1849:12.7 1844:13.3 1834:18.4 1829:16.2 1824:17.8 1819:20.2 1814:22.4 1809:23.3 1804:22.0 1799:19.7 1794:17.6 1789:16.1 1784:15.3 1779:15.0 1774:15.5 1764:21.0 1759:18.4 1754:20.1 1749:22.8 1744:25.2 1739:26.1 1734:24.8 1729:22.4 1724:20.2 1719:18.8 1714:17.9 1709:17.3 1704:17.5 1694:31.1 1689:24.5 1684:26.0 1679:31.1 1674:28.5 1669:30.6 1664:29.4 1659:28.0 1654:28.0 1649:24.5 1644:23.6 1639:24.0 1634:22.0 1623:Dec 1620:Nov 1617:Oct 1614:Sep 1611:Aug 1608:Jul 1605:Jun 1602:May 1599:Apr 1596:Mar 1593:Feb 1590:Jan 1580:LPAZ 1558:NOAA 1549:IPMA 1536:109 1533:149 1530:187 1527:243 1524:247 1521:197 1518:218 1515:157 1512:133 1509:101 1456:(%) 1447:100 1393:77.7 1383:77.0 1378:59.7 1373:36.8 1368:25.9 1363:21.7 1358:38.8 1353:56.3 1348:64.7 1343:71.8 1338:86.4 1309:10.6 1304:13.2 1299:14.6 1294:12.4 1289:10.0 1254:15.0 1249:13.2 1244:14.8 1239:16.8 1234:18.7 1229:19.4 1224:18.2 1219:16.1 1214:13.9 1209:12.6 1204:12.2 1199:11.5 1194:12.0 1184:17.6 1179:15.6 1174:17.2 1169:19.4 1164:21.6 1159:22.3 1154:21.2 1149:18.8 1144:16.7 1139:15.3 1134:14.7 1129:14.1 1124:14.4 1114:20.3 1109:18.0 1104:19.6 1099:22.0 1094:24.5 1089:25.3 1084:24.1 1079:21.6 1074:19.5 1069:18.0 1064:17.2 1059:16.6 1054:16.8 1044:28.5 1039:23.5 1034:23.4 1029:26.5 1024:28.2 1019:28.5 1014:28.2 1009:25.7 1004:23.6 999:21.6 994:22.0 989:20.4 984:20.2 973:Dec 970:Nov 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