508:) with Cabral to immediately settle the newly discovered lands of São Miguel, who found signs of attempted earlier settlement of the island. In 1445, Cabral returned to the waters of São Miguel with nobles and settlers (bringing with them herd animals, birds, wheat and vegetables) in order to settle the island. Arriving in a period of seismic activity, his crew discovered floating pumice stone and tree trunks as arrived closer to their port. Making landfall on 29 September they encountered the Moorish settlers who, over time "perished" (but likely became intermingled in the ensuing population).
444:). As was the obligation, the Captain ordered the release of herd animals on the island for future colonization, a point that was later repeated in successive voyages through the archipelago's islands. His group circled and explored the island, examining the forested interior, before finally returning to continental Portugal. Cabral sent with him various canisters of earth and water to give the Infante, including examples of the woods unfamiliar to them in Europe.
35:
410:). As was the custom, Gonçalo Velho Cabral and his crew began their day with morning mass, benedictions and oratory to God and the Virgin Mary, to help them on their journey and to request their assistance in finding land. As the legend suggests, as the seaman yelled out his discovery the crew was praying the
528:
by profession, succeeded Gonçalo Velho Cabral as second
Donatary-Captain of Santa Maria and São Miguel; João Soares was married twice: to Brites Godins (d. 1474), with whom they had no heirs, and later Branca de Sousa Falcão (daughter of João de Sousa Falcão, Lord de Figueiredo and Lord of the Manor
350:
has attributed to Gonçalo Velho Cabral the discovery of the seven islands of the Azores, modern historiographer contest this record, limiting his discoveries to the eastern islands alone. In 1431, with less than a few days of travel, Gonçalo Velho discovered a scattering of rocky outcroppings, which
499:
of both islands (Santa Maria was settled in 1439, and colonists started arriving on São Miguel in 1444). During this period, he ordered the burning/clearing of lands and donated vast tracts of lands to family members and loyal servants, who began to cultivate wheat, raised honey-bees and planted
639:
A legend recounts the tale of a runaway slave on the island of Santa Maria who, upon reaching the summit of a ridge, noticed another object in the northern horizon. As the story suggested, the slave returned to his master telling of the story, who along with others, verified the sighting and
382:
to discover new territories for the
Portuguese Crown, promising to name the first island to the Virgin. Gonçalo Velho Cabral scanned maps and nautical charts for days while at sea, noting the currents and wind directions, during several nights, through storms and gales in search of these
469:. Cabral had organized a settlement of essentially familial relations, who would arrive on the island of Santa Maria in the summer of 1435. It was during Henry's encounter with Velho Cabral that notice of the discovery to the north of Santa Maria was transmitted to the Prince.
476:
on Santa Maria before embarking; Cabral and his
Algarvean sailors eventually discovered a large island on 8 May 1444. On this first expedition, the crew ported in the small islet (today near Vila Franca do Campo) naming the large island in honour of the apparition of the
495:). As with Santa Maria, he deposited herd animals on the island, and sent to Portugal tree branches, pigeons, a box of dirt and other signs of the new land. Settlement of Santa Maria and São Miguel began in earnest, and Gonçalo Velho became the
461:) of the island of Santa Maria. In 1432, the Infante Henry, upon receiving notice of a mystical island to the north of Santa Maria, sent orders to Gonçalo Velho to explore the waters and relate any discovery. On 3 April 1443, King
342:, with instructions to navigate to the western sea, and to "discover some land, return with notice". This first voyage was made to determine the location of "islands" first identified by the Portuguese pilot
487:. In a secondary expedition the captain investigated the northern coast of the island, before landing at the mouth of a large ravine in the southeast corner of the island, that settlers would eventually name
757:
Annaes da
Marinha Portugueza por Ignacio da Costa Quintella, Vice-Almirante da Armada Real, Conselheiro d'Estado Honorario, Conselherio do Real Conselho da Marinha, e Socio Honorario da Academia Real das
402:
could see along the horizon a cloudy form, which progressively grew in dimensions and darkened, taken on a distinctive form. Finally, when the seaman realized beyond doubt, he yelled down to the crew,
304:). His siblings Álvaro Velho Cabral, Teresa Velho Cabral, wife of Fernão Soares de Albergaria, and Violante Velho Cabral, wife of Diogo Gonçalves de Travassos also established settlements in the
447:
The
Infante received these "gifts" in 1432, and immediately ordered that herds be sent to the island, while he organized a plan. For his discovery, Gonçalo Velho was given the hereditary
817:
1628:
782:, Berkeley, California: The Regents of the University of Southern California/Institute of Governmental Studies Press/University of California, Berkeley
1608:
58:
1623:
895:
1320:
398:), a supposedly calm, warm and clear day, the mariners and seamen could see for large distances. In the distance, though, the mate in the
1638:
810:
745:
516:
Under his administration, São Miguel and Santa Maria remained a single
Captaincy until 1474, when Velho Cabral sold São Miguel to
1574:
988:
571:
It was believed that Gonçalo Velho was the discoverer of the first seven Azores islands, in 1432, until the
Portuguese historian
1083:
1549:
1330:
1023:
553:
Prince Henry's summons was based on a general acceptance of the commander's virtues and prudence, that made him trustworthy.
420:
when the cry was heard. The commander considered it a miracle and, remembering the promise he had made, named the island as
121:
1633:
1569:
1285:
803:
517:
1371:
940:
521:
99:
1564:
421:
262:
1148:
850:
1544:
1504:
1168:
1143:
1108:
945:
841:
331:
254:
1519:
1376:
273:) and hereditary landowner responsible for administering Crown lands on the same islands, during the Portuguese
1280:
83:
1539:
326:
In 1431, Gonçalo Velho was in the Vila de Tancos, along the Tagus River, when he received a summons from the
1228:
1058:
1053:
1028:
965:
950:
301:
1587:
1432:
1355:
1305:
1208:
1188:
1103:
1078:
1003:
572:
335:
87:
1163:
576:
1618:
1613:
978:
880:
1554:
1457:
1437:
1133:
865:
432:
With his crew he disembarked on a small beach in the north-western part of the island, which he named
1411:
1401:
1335:
1300:
1290:
1088:
1008:
925:
875:
483:
462:
363:
266:
113:
44:
1310:
1113:
998:
993:
855:
501:
478:
452:
388:
367:
327:
212:
156:
1509:
1514:
1381:
915:
395:
109:
79:
1340:
1203:
1093:
870:
1559:
1529:
1494:
1325:
1295:
1233:
1213:
1183:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1043:
983:
935:
741:
740:] (2nd ed.). Ponta Delgada, Azores: Ribeiro & Caravana Editores. pp. 25–26.
640:
eventually related it back to the Corte of Prince Henry the
Navigator, of a mysterious island.
1442:
1315:
1198:
1193:
1073:
860:
787:
Matos, Artur
Teodoro de; Menses, Avelino de Freitas de; Leite, José Guilhereme Reis (2008),
274:
1467:
1350:
1275:
1123:
1063:
1018:
960:
900:
583:
347:
343:
228:
1462:
1178:
1158:
1153:
1098:
1013:
955:
291:
465:, on the request of the Henry the Navigator, had bestowed on Gonçalo Velho the title of
1472:
1416:
1218:
1038:
905:
579:
500:
grapevines from Crete. At the same time the
Infante Henry had ordered Moorish peoples (
399:
378:
that worked for the Infante. On his orders, Cabral was sent, once again, to search the
1602:
1499:
1406:
1391:
1345:
1248:
1223:
1173:
496:
40:
727:(in Portuguese), Ponta Delgada (Azores), Portugal: Câmara Municipal de Ponta Delgada
1534:
1452:
1447:
1243:
1068:
890:
371:
1033:
575:
established that the first discoveries had occurred in 1427, after a reading of a
34:
374:. Gonçalo Velho Cabral was one of the mariners and monks, in the devotion to the
910:
375:
1524:
1386:
1048:
885:
437:
1238:
920:
525:
457:
412:
1396:
354:
258:
250:
166:
795:
764:] (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Academia Real das Sciençias, Typografia.
436:(later known as Ponte dos Cabestrantes) owing to the existence of many
339:
296:
305:
270:
448:
799:
362:
The following year, and during the reign of his brother (King
359:. He quickly returned to Sagres, probably due to bad weather.
59:
Donatary-Captain of the Islands of Santa Maria and São Miguel
300:
of Veleda, and his wife Maria Álvares Cabral (great-aunt of
791:(in Portuguese), vol. I, Institute Açoriano de Cultura
312:
in most modern biographies, he is generally referred to as
39:
Statue of Goncalo Velho Cabral alongside the city gates in
370:, founded a nautical school in the provincial village of
472:
On his return, Gonçalo Velho and his crew made port in
1485:
1425:
1364:
1268:
1261:
838:
831:
773:. Angra do Heroísmo, Azores: Tip. Insulana Editora.
218:
208:
203:
187:
172:
162:
152:
144:
136:
131:
119:
105:
93:
75:
56:
18:
789:Historia dos Açores: O descobrimento dos Açores
257:, explorer (credited with the discovery of the
396:Feast day of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
811:
8:
706:
704:
702:
308:with their families. Although referenced as
771:Frei Gonçalo Velho: O centenário dos Açores
710:Artur Teodoro de Matos, et al. (2008), p.57
662:Artur Teodoro de Matos, et al. (2008), p.56
658:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
616:Artur Teodoro de Matos, et al. (2008), p.55
612:
610:
608:
606:
600:Artur Teodoro de Matos, et al. (2008), p.54
596:
594:
592:
1265:
835:
818:
804:
796:
670:
668:
394:Finally, on the morning of 15 August (the
15:
725:História dos Açores: Da descoberta a 1934
626:
624:
622:
346:, in 1427. Although the noted chronicler
562:Ignacio da Costa Quintella (1839), p.74
546:
529:de Fataúnços) whose son inherited the
467:Commander of the Islands of the Azores
122:Commander of the Islands of the Azores
738:Azores: Legends & Other Histories
387:identified by the Greeks outside the
351:he examined and were later named the
261:, the re-discovery of the islands of
7:
755:Quintella, Ignacio da Costa (1839).
586:with first identifying the islands.
224:Master of Pias, Beselga and Cardiga
696:Susana Goulart Costa (2008), p.221
674:Susana Goulart Costa (2008), p.215
14:
1629:15th-century Portuguese explorers
1321:José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta
780:Azores: Nine Islands, One History
734:Açores, Lendas e Outras Histórias
520:. His sister Teresa's only child
334:, who ordered him to depart from
33:
1609:Donatary-Captains of the Azores
1550:Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva
778:Costa, Susana Goulart (2008),
630:Carlos Melo Bento (2008), p.20
1:
1575:Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho
762:Annals of the Portuguese Navy
732:Furtado-Brum, Ângela (1999).
246:
1624:Maritime history of Portugal
1372:Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira
723:Bento, Carlos Melo (2008),
1655:
1639:Portuguese Roman Catholics
1570:Pedro Fernandes de Queirós
416:and were just pronouncing
253:monk and Commander in the
1583:
974:
440:(from the Portuguese for
318:in historical documents.
236:
127:
100:João Soares de Albergaria
64:
52:
32:
25:
1281:Alexandre de Serpa Pinto
851:Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia
582:of 1439, which credited
26:
1545:Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo
1505:Antonio Díaz de Cardoso
1487:In foreign service
1286:André Álvares de Almada
1169:João Fernandes Lavrador
1144:João Afonso do Estreito
1109:Fernão Pires de Andrade
1059:Diogo Lopes de Sequeira
1054:Diogo Fernandes Pereira
518:Rui Gonçalves da Câmara
1588:Portuguese discoveries
1520:Gaspar Castaño de Sosa
1377:António Raposo Tavares
1079:Duarte Pacheco Pereira
896:Diogo de Melo Coutinho
505:
456:
249:1400 – c. 1460) was a
181:Branca de Sousa Falcão
1397:Diogo Álvares Correia
1149:João Álvares Fagundes
1024:Cristóvão de Mendonça
979:Afonso de Albuquerque
881:Bartolomeu Perestrelo
1634:Roman Catholic monks
1412:Martim Soares Moreno
1402:Domingos Jorge Velho
1336:Paulo Dias de Novais
1301:Francisco de Lacerda
1229:Pedro Álvares Cabral
966:Tristão Vaz Teixeira
951:Lançarote de Freitas
946:João Gonçalves Zarco
931:Gonçalo Velho Cabral
876:Antoniotto Usodimare
826:Portuguese explorers
573:Damião António Peres
463:Afonso V of Portugal
310:Gonçalo Velho Cabral
302:Pedro Álvares Cabral
243:Gonçalo Velho Cabral
197:Maria Álvares Cabral
27:Gonçalo Velho Cabral
1565:Ñuño Fernández Lobo
1433:António da Madalena
1311:Hermenegildo Capelo
1306:Gonçalo da Silveira
1209:Lourenço de Almeida
1189:João Vaz Corte-Real
1104:Fernão Mendes Pinto
1004:António de Saldanha
577:Gabriel de Valsequa
506:mouriscos de África
389:Pillars of Hercules
213:Kingdom of Portugal
157:Kingdom of Portugal
43:, on the island of
1555:Luís Vaz de Torres
1540:Juan Díaz de Solís
1515:Ferdinand Magellan
1438:António de Andrade
1382:Baltasar Fernandes
916:Fernando de Castro
330:, Governor of the
47:(Azores), Portugal
1596:
1595:
1560:Manuel de Mederos
1495:Alberto del Canto
1481:
1480:
1296:Francisco Barreto
1291:Francisco Álvares
1257:
1256:
1234:Pedro Mascarenhas
1214:Miguel Corte-Real
1129:Gomes de Sequeira
1119:Gaspar Corte-Real
1089:Fernão de Loronha
1044:Diogo de Azambuja
1029:Cristóvão Jacques
926:Gonçalo de Sintra
769:Lima, G. (1926).
685:Saudades da Terra
683:Gaspar Frutuoso,
479:archangel Michael
240:
239:
1646:
1488:
1331:Lourenço Marques
1266:
1199:Jorge de Menezes
1164:João de Santarém
1114:Francisco Serrão
1074:Duarte Fernandes
999:António de Faria
994:António de Abreu
861:Alvise Cadamosto
856:Álvaro Fernandes
844:
836:
820:
813:
806:
797:
792:
783:
774:
765:
751:
728:
711:
708:
697:
694:
688:
681:
675:
672:
663:
660:
641:
637:
631:
628:
617:
614:
601:
598:
587:
569:
563:
560:
554:
551:
533:of Santa Maria.
497:Donatary-Captain
428:Donatary-Captain
275:Age of Discovery
248:
204:Military service
132:Personal details
96:
69:
37:
16:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1579:
1486:
1477:
1468:Galeote Pereira
1458:Estêvão Cacella
1421:
1360:
1351:Sancho de Tovar
1341:Pero da Covilhã
1276:Afonso de Paiva
1253:
1204:Lopes Gonçalves
1134:Gonçalo Álvares
1124:Gaspar de Lemos
1084:Estêvão da Gama
1064:Diogo Rodrigues
1019:Bartolomeu Dias
989:André Gonçalves
970:
961:Pedro de Sintra
901:Diogo de Silves
871:António de Noli
866:Antão Gonçalves
839:
827:
824:
786:
777:
768:
754:
748:
731:
722:
719:
714:
709:
700:
695:
691:
687:, Book IV, p.20
682:
678:
673:
666:
661:
644:
638:
634:
629:
620:
615:
604:
599:
590:
584:Diogo de Silves
570:
566:
561:
557:
552:
548:
544:
539:
514:
474:Praia dos Lobos
430:
366:) the Infante,
348:Gaspar Frutuoso
344:Diogo de Silves
332:Order of Christ
324:
288:
283:
255:Order of Christ
229:Almourol Castle
94:
86:
82:
70:
65:
48:
28:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1652:
1650:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1601:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1530:Ginés de Mafra
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1417:Pedro Teixeira
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1326:José Sapateiro
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1272:
1270:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1219:Nicolau Coelho
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1139:Gonçalo Coelho
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1039:Diogo da Rocha
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1009:António Galvão
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
984:Álvaro Martins
981:
975:
972:
971:
969:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
941:João Fernandes
938:
936:João de Trasto
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
906:Diogo de Teive
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
847:
845:
840:In service of
833:
829:
828:
825:
823:
822:
815:
808:
800:
794:
793:
784:
775:
766:
752:
746:
729:
718:
715:
713:
712:
698:
689:
676:
664:
642:
632:
618:
602:
588:
580:nautical chart
564:
555:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
513:
510:
493:old settlement
489:Povoação Velha
442:lobos-marinhos
429:
426:
408:Land in sight!
404:Terra à vista!
385:mythical lands
323:
320:
290:He was son of
287:
284:
282:
279:
238:
237:
234:
233:
232:
231:
225:
220:
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215:
210:
206:
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146:
142:
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125:
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117:
116:
107:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
77:
73:
72:
62:
61:
54:
53:
50:
49:
38:
30:
29:
23:
22:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1651:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1510:Estêvão Gomes
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1500:Aleixo Garcia
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1484:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1443:Bento de Góis
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1407:Duarte Coelho
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Roberto Ivens
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1316:Jerónimo Lobo
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
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20:Gonçalo Velho
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1619:1460s deaths
1614:1400s births
1535:Jean Alfonse
1463:Fernão Nunes
1453:Domingo Paes
1448:Diogo Veloso
1244:Pero Escobar
1179:João Infante
1159:João da Nova
1154:João da Gama
1099:Fernão Gomes
1094:Fernão do Pó
1069:Diogo Soares
1014:António Mota
956:Nuno Tristão
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842:Prince Henry
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194:Fernão Velho
106:Constituency
95:Succeeded by
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1473:João Cabral
1356:Silva Porto
1184:João Serrão
911:Diogo Gomes
522:João Soares
438:Eared seals
422:Santa Maria
400:Crow's nest
376:Virgin Mary
368:D. Henrique
294:, Lord and
263:Santa Maria
163:Nationality
153:Citizenship
110:Santa Maria
1603:Categories
1525:George Ura
1392:Brás Cubas
1387:Borba Gato
1174:João Grego
1049:Diogo Dias
886:Dinis Dias
537:References
512:Later life
502:Portuguese
484:São Miguel
453:Portuguese
286:Early life
267:São Miguel
251:Portuguese
209:Allegiance
167:Portuguese
114:São Miguel
88:Alphonso V
45:São Miguel
1239:Pero Dias
1034:Diogo Cão
921:Gil Eanes
758:Sciençias
531:Captaincy
526:physician
458:capitania
413:Ave Maria
380:Ocean Sea
364:D. Duarte
281:Biography
188:Relations
71:1439–1461
67:In office
1365:Americas
1262:Overland
832:Maritime
355:Formigas
322:Explorer
259:Formigas
219:Commands
191:Parents
120:1st
76:Monarchs
57:1st
717:Sources
340:caravel
297:Alcaide
269:in the
173:Spouses
1269:Africa
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372:Sagres
336:Sagres
306:Azores
271:Azores
84:Edward
80:John I
760:[
736:[
542:Notes
434:Lobos
338:in a
1426:Asia
742:ISBN
524:, a
481:(or
449:fief
265:and
148:1460
145:Died
140:1400
137:Born
112:and
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247:c.
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