805:
742:
763:
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122:
1179:
1165:
146:
emerging from the joints. Each cyme consists of three (rarely five) flowers completely embedded between the bract and immersed in the fleshy tissue of the axis. The flowers of a cyme are arranged in a transverse row, the central flower separating the lateral flowers, with tissue of the axis between
166:
The perianth is persistent in fruit. The fruit wall (pericarp) is membranous. The vertical seed is ellipsoid, with light brown, membranous, hairy seed coat, the hairs can be strongly curved, hooked, or conic, straight or slightly curved. The seed contains no perisperm (feeding tissue).
804:
1103:"Phylogeny, biogeography, systematics and taxonomy of Salicornioideae (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae) â A cosmopolitan, highly specialized hygrohalophyte lineage dating back to the Oligocene"
110:. They are taking an erect or prostrate, creeping form. The new stems are fleshy and divided into joint-like segments. Older stems are woody and not segmented. The oppositely arranged
264:. The prostrate, mat-forming growth seems to have evolved several times independently. It is probably advantageous in habitats with prolonged flooding, high tidal movement and frost.
1558:
1393:
1432:
1341:
741:
1406:
1354:
1455:
866:
762:
118:, their base decurrent and connate (thus forming the segments), the blades forming small, triangular tips with narrow scarious margin.
1530:
878:
1380:
783:
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292:
64:
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75:
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42:
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423:
363:
1333:
1307:
853:
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465:
321:
79:
377:
335:
307:
1359:
174:
is x=9. The species are diploid (18 chromosomes), tetraploid (36), hexaploid (54), or octoploid (72).
1535:
1447:
748:
717:
451:
349:
1568:
1563:
769:
619:
605:
202:
127:
1460:
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1315:
1021:
915:
1039:
Scott, A.J. (1978). "Reinstatement and revision of
Salicorniaceae J. Agardh (Caryophyllales)".
1398:
975:
862:
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1183:
1114:
1048:
1013:
965:
957:
907:
115:
1320:
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196:
senus stricto, additionally containing some species formerly belonging to the former genus
790:
577:
160:
99:
22:
147:
them. The hermaphrodite or unisexual flowers are more or less radially symmetric, with a
1294:
1197:
Red List of South
African Plants. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI).
1052:
970:
941:
1552:
1132:
143:
139:
26:
1066:
1025:
919:
1522:
121:
83:
1255:
994:
1268:
1496:
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911:
884:
PlantNET. National
Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney.
192:
47:
1289:
1276:
253:
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52:
1486:
979:
1164:
1481:
1223:
1075:
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148:
103:
1346:
221:
217:
1372:
190:. It separated the perennial species from the closely related annual
171:
156:
1385:
1200:
224:, developing four phylogenetic lineages: the first was the Eurasian
1118:
248:
to comprise all the annual, more frost tolerant species, the genus
1281:
152:
120:
107:
1101:
Piirainen, Mikko; Liebisch, Oskar & Kadereit, Gudrun (2017).
373:(Fuente, Rufo & SĂĄnchez Mata) Fuente, Rufo & SĂĄnchez Mata
142:
are spike-like, made up of joint-like segments with tiny paired
111:
1204:
995:"Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on South American taxa of
942:"Phylogeny, biogeography and ecological diversification of
898:(Chenopodiaceae) in South Africa, Namibia and Mozambique".
940:
Steffen, S; Ball, P.; Mucina, L.; Kadereit, G. (2015).
1213:
854:Volume 4: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1
894:Steffen, S.; et al. (2010). "Revision of
228:clade, further diversifying into the American
935:
933:
931:
929:
8:
331:(Phil.) Freitag, M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo
45:studies have shown that when separated from
1201:
1559:Historically recognized angiosperm genera
969:
419:(Moss) S.Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit
271:study in 2017 confirmed the paraphyly of
1041:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
852:Flora of North America: North of Mexico
236:clade, and the South African/Australian
63:has now been merged into a more broadly
829:
737:
155:connate nearly to the apex, one or two
993:Alonso, M. Ă.; Crespo, M. B. (2008).
839:
837:
835:
833:
7:
1510:f6e7f524-f06e-4f89-aff2-4c339901a25a
1448:88520f8b-e87f-4e13-b9ea-3ba9f8ea87db
317:(Michx.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo
517:(Phil.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo
433:S. Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit
1474:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30070938-2
1053:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01493.x
685:S.Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit
671:(Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.) A.J. Scott
573:(Lag.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo
405:S.Steffen, Mucina & G.Kadereit
216:began to evolve during the middle
21:is a formerly recognized genus of
14:
946:(Salicornioideae, Amaranthaceae)"
861:(Oxford University Press, 2004).
559:(Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.) A.J.Scott
159:, and an ovary with two or three
1177:
1163:
803:
782:
761:
740:
29:. Species are known commonly as
643:Fuente, Rufo & SĂĄnchez-Mata
489:Fuente, Rufo & SĂĄnchez Mata
475:Fuente, Rufo & SĂĄnchez-Mata
186:was first described in 1978 by
1:
857:, Editorial Committee of the
78:, and is most diverse in the
1143:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
275:, and merged the genus into
114:are borne on fleshy, knobby
94:Species formerly placed in
59:is embedded within it, and
1585:
1141:Plants of the World Online
912:10.1600/036364410791638379
528:Sarcocornia mossambicensis
293:Plants of the World Online
1081:Missouri Botanical Garden
536:Salicornia mossambicensis
76:cosmopolitan distribution
1006:Annales Botanici Fennici
843:Ball, Peter W. (2004). "
817:Sarcocornia quinqueflora
668:Sarcocornia quinqueflora
151:of three or four fleshy
138:The terminal or lateral
25:in the amaranth family,
812:Salicornia quinqueflora
676:Salicornia quinqueflora
514:Sarcocornia magellanica
283:Selected former species
859:Flora of North America
696:Sarcocornia terminalis
556:Sarcocornia natalensis
522:Salicornia magellanica
269:molecular phylogenetic
200:. The type species is
135:
70:. When separated from
43:Molecular phylogenetic
754:Sarcocornia fruticosa
724:Sarcocornia xerophila
710:Sarcocornia utahensis
704:Salicornia terminalis
682:Sarcocornia tegetaria
654:Sarcocornia pulvinata
626:Sarcocornia pillansii
584:Sarcocornia obclavata
564:Salicornia natalensis
472:Sarcocornia hispanica
444:Sarcocornia fruticosa
430:Sarcocornia freitagii
402:Sarcocornia decussata
388:Sarcocornia decumbens
342:Sarcocornia blackiana
303:(Lag.) Rivas-Martınez
124:
80:Cape Floristic Region
1174:at Wikimedia Commons
1018:10.5735/085.045.0401
775:Sarcocornia perennis
749:Salicornia fruticosa
732:Salicornia xerophila
718:Salicornia utahensis
713:(Tidestr.) A.J.Scott
690:Salicornia tegetaria
662:Salicornia pulvinata
640:Sarcocornia pruinosa
634:Salicornia pillansii
612:Sarcocornia perennis
598:Sarcocornia pacifica
592:Salicornia obclavata
542:Sarcocornia mossiana
500:Sarcocornia littorea
486:Sarcocornia lagascae
480:Salicornia hispanica
452:Salicornia fruticosa
416:Sarcocornia dunensis
410:Salicornia decussata
396:Salicornia decumbens
370:Sarcocornia carinata
356:Sarcocornia capensis
350:Salicornia blackiana
203:Sarcocornia perennis
133:Sarcocornia pacifica
770:Salicornia perennis
657:(R.E.Fr.) A.J.Scott
648:Salicornia pruinosa
620:Salicornia perennis
606:Salicornia pacifica
601:(Standl.) A.J.Scott
550:Salicornia mossiana
508:Salicornia littorea
494:Salicornia lagascae
458:Sarcocornia globosa
438:Salicornia helmutii
424:Salicornia dunensis
364:Salicornia capensis
314:Sarcocornia ambigua
128:Salicornia pacifica
962:10.1093/aob/mcu260
727:(Tölken) A.J.Scott
699:(Tölken) A.J.Scott
615:(Miller) A.J.Scott
545:(Tölken) A.J.Scott
466:Salicornia globosa
391:(Tölken) A.J.Scott
328:Sarcocornia andina
322:Salicornia ambigua
300:Sarcocornia alpini
287:Accepted names in
244:is separated from
220:from ancestors in
136:
125:Inflorescences of
74:, the genus has a
1546:
1545:
1207:Taxon identifiers
1168:Media related to
999:(Chenopodiaceae)"
900:Systematic Botany
867:978-0-19-517389-5
728:
714:
700:
686:
672:
658:
644:
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602:
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462:
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378:Salicornia alpini
374:
360:
346:
345:(Ulbr.) A.J.Scott
336:Salicornia andina
332:
318:
308:Salicornia alpini
304:
172:chromosome number
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1425:NHMSYS0000463217
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1182:Data related to
1181:
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796:Sarcocornia neei
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629:(Moss) A.J.Scott
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570:Sarcocornia neei
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544:
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503:(Moss) A.J.Scott
502:
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418:
404:
390:
372:
359:(Moss) A.J.Scott
358:
344:
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232:clade, then the
23:flowering plants
1584:
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791:Salicornia neei
787:
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578:Salicornia neei
291:are taken from
285:
260:evolved within
180:
92:
51:, the genus is
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1523:wfo-4000034034
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1188:at Wikispecies
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1158:External links
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1119:10.12705/661.6
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1047:(4): 366â367.
1031:
1012:(4): 241â254.
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956:(3): 353â368.
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27:Amaranthaceae
24:
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1145:. Retrieved
1140:
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1133:"Search for
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1084:. Retrieved
1074:
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1368:iNaturalist
1321:Sarcocornia
1245:Sarcocornia
1239:Wikispecies
1215:Sarcocornia
1193:Sarcocornia
1185:Sarcocornia
1171:Sarcocornia
1135:Sarcocornia
1069:Sarcocornia
997:Sarcocornia
896:Sarcocornia
880:Sarcocornia
846:Sarcocornia
461:P.G. Wilson
273:Sarcocornia
262:Sarcocornia
250:Sarcocornia
246:Sarcocornia
238:Sarcocornia
230:Sarcocornia
226:Sarcocornia
210:Sarcocornia
184:Sarcocornia
131:, formerly
96:Sarcocornia
90:Description
61:Sarcocornia
18:Sarcocornia
1569:Halophytes
1564:Salicornia
1553:Categories
1386:30070938-2
1147:2022-04-09
825:References
289:Salicornia
277:Salicornia
258:Salicornia
242:Salicornia
234:Salicornia
214:Salicornia
193:Salicornia
182:The genus
170:The basic
72:Salicornia
68:Salicornia
57:Salicornia
48:Salicornia
35:glassworts
1290:FloraBase
1086:12 August
188:A J Scott
104:subshrubs
100:perennial
39:saltworts
31:samphires
1505:VicFlora
1494:VASCAN:
1487:40036645
1482:Tropicos
1230:Q2712967
1224:Wikidata
1076:Tropicos
1026:86522475
980:25617410
920:85950463
383:carinata
256:, since
178:Taxonomy
149:perianth
116:petioles
55:, since
1399:1042417
1347:3083607
971:4332613
381:subsp.
222:Eurasia
218:Miocene
161:stigmas
157:stamens
102:herbs,
1536:415954
1461:SARCO5
1456:PLANTS
1445:NZOR:
1438:239182
1412:500546
1373:131551
1334:129207
1308:129207
1256:194618
1253:APDB:
1024:
978:
968:
918:
865:
815:(syn.
794:(syn.
773:(syn.
752:(syn.
587:Yaprak
531:Brenan
153:tepals
112:leaves
108:shrubs
1531:WoRMS
1394:IRMNG
1360:10731
1316:FoAO2
1295:21369
1282:1SKQG
1269:63643
1107:Taxon
1022:S2CID
1002:(PDF)
916:S2CID
850:" in
144:cymes
37:, or
1497:1649
1469:POWO
1433:NCBI
1407:ITIS
1381:IPNI
1355:GRIN
1342:GBIF
1277:EPPO
1264:APNI
1088:2016
976:PMID
863:ISBN
98:are
1518:WFO
1420:NBN
1329:FoC
1303:FNA
1115:doi
1049:doi
1014:doi
966:PMC
958:doi
954:115
908:doi
252:is
106:or
82:of
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