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s, and were probably fighters with outstanding leadership or fighting qualities that were recruited from the latter.
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has been defined as "a heroic man, a brave fighter, a night-guard". According to
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Sasanid
Soldiers in Early Muslim Society: The Origins of 'Ayyārān and Futuwwa
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Historical figures recorded as bearing this title include:
253:. In early Islamic period, the title appears together with
263:, seems to belong to the leaders of the hierarchy of
197:) is the equivalent of 'General officer' or simply '
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84:
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221:period, it was a rank in the hierarchy of the
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373:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 82–83.
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61:Air Defense and Revolutionary Guard insignia
181:("an army division"). In modern usage in
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227:cavalry force. In the medieval period,
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201:,' the highest rank in the military.
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235:, the rank was immediately below
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291:Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Tālūt (
213:may date back at least to the
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247:, the title is ranked below
42:Army and Air force insignia
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430:Persian words and phrases
425:Sasanian military offices
267:. According to Bosworth,
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28:
209:The origin of the title
369:Zakeri, Mohsen (1995).
259:, and a related title,
420:Military ranks of Iran
342:), a Ghaznavid officer
297:), serving the caliph
173:origin, a compound of
271:s were separate from
16:Military rank in Iran
294:حسن بن محمد بن طالوت
177:("head, chief") and
129:Revolutionary Guard
165:is a title and/or
140:Disciplinary Force
395:نامه حشم تگیناباد
380:978-3-447-03652-8
303:Wazīr ibn Ayyūb (
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118:Air Defense Force
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401:Tarikh-i Bayhaqi
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341:
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319:Kharra Khusraw (
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261:sarhang-shumārān
244:Tārikh-i Bukhārā
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336:Bu-Ali Kutwal (
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287:Sasanian Empire
217:period. In the
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85:Service branch
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339:بوعلی کوتوال
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306:وزير بن أيوب
285:of the late
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299:Al-Musta'in
414:Categories
347:References
325:), son of
331:al-Tabari
150:rank code
107:Air Force
322:خره خسرو
315:Khurasan
238:spāhbadh
219:Sasanian
215:Parthian
283:Jalinus
269:sarhang
265:ayyārān
229:sarhang
224:aswaran
211:sarhang
205:History
199:General
191:Persian
187:sarhang
171:Iranian
162:Sarhang
67:Country
22:Sarhang
377:
327:Badhan
76:
329:(per
273:ayyar
256:ayyār
241:. In
195:سرهنگ
154:OF-09
24:سرهنگ
375:ISBN
311:amīr
250:amīr
183:Iran
179:hang
147:NATO
79:Iran
398:in
313:of
175:sar
169:of
416::
355:^
193::
185:,
383:.
333:)
189:(
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