933:. Additionally, several research groups have found that SGC coupling increases after nerve damage, which has an effect on the perception of pain, likely for several reasons. Normally, the gap junctions between SGCs are used in order to redistribute potassium ions between adjacent cells. However, in coupling of SGCs, the number of gap junctions greatly increases. This may possibly be to deal with larger amounts of ATP and glutamate, which eventually leads to increased recycling of the glutamate. The increased levels of glutamate lead to over excitation and an increase in nociception.
366:. SIF cells of sympathetic ganglia are separated into groups, each of which is surrounded by an SGC sheath. The SGCs of the sympathetic ganglia come from the neural crest and do not proliferate during embryonic development until the neurons are present and mature, indicating that the neurons signal the division and maturation of the SGCs. The SGCs of sympathetic ganglia follow the same basic structure as the SGCs of sensory ganglia, except that sympathetic ganglia also receive
1002:
1015:
neurons. If this wall of protection was to break down, then the infection could become more widespread. This property may be explained by looking at the location and arrangement of the SGCs, as they are centered on the neurons, allowing them to protect the neurons. It has also been proposed that SGCs may have a job in ridding the ganglia of the virus and in protecting and repairing the nervous system after the virus has left the dormant stage.
942:
1031:
unidentified, though it is likely that the various receptors both the neurons and SGCs have are used for chemical signaling, perhaps with P2Y. Ca and NO and their effects must also be observed to gain further understanding of interactions between the two types of cells. Finally, the possibility of an influence of SGCs on synaptic transmission within autonomic ganglia provides another direction for future research.
382:. However, there are distinguishing factors that put SGCs in their own distinct category of glial cells. SGCs most often surround individual sensory and parasympathetic neurons with a complete, unbroken sheath while most neurons of sympathetic ganglia lack a completely continuous SGC sheath, allowing for limited direct exchange of materials between the extracellular space of the neuron and the space within the
370:. Therefore, the SGC sheath of sympathetic neurons must extend even further to cover the axon hillock near the somata. Like the regions of the sheath near the glial nucleus, the regions of the sheath at the axon hillocks are thicker than those surrounding the rest of the neuron. This indicates that the SGCs play a role in the synaptic environment, thereby influencing synaptic transmission.
208:(CNS). They supply nutrients to the surrounding neurons and also have some structural function. Satellite cells also act as protective, cushioning cells. Additionally, they express a variety of receptors that allow for a range of interactions with neuroactive chemicals. Many of these receptors and other ion channels have recently been implicated in health issues including
36:
225:
474:(GABA) have been found in SGCs. They appear to be actively engaged in the control of the composition of the extracellular space of the ganglia. The enzyme glutamine synthetase, which catalyzes the conversion of glutamate into glutamine, is found in large amounts in SGCs. Additionally, SGCs contain the glutamate related enzymes
466:, therefore researchers are investigating any homologous role of SGCs within the sympathetic ganglia. An established mode of controlling the microenvironment in sensory ganglia is the uptake of substances by specialized transporters which carry neurotransmitters into cells when coupled with Na and Cl. Transporters for
1023:
The majority of the information available on the subject of SGCs comes from research which was focused on the sensory neurons that the SGCs surround rather than the SGCs themselves. In the future, researchers plan to give more time and attention to the SGCs, which have many supportive and protective
441:
Research is currently ongoing in determining the physiological role of satellite glial cells. Current theories suggest that SGCs have a significant role in controlling the microenvironment of the sympathetic ganglia. This is based on the observation that SGCs almost completely envelop the neuron and
348:
10 in), allowing the neuron and its SGC sheath to form a single anatomical and functional unit. These individual units are separated by areas of connective tissue. However, there are some sensory neurons that occupy the same space within connective tissue and are therefore grouped together in a
339:
Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia are laminar cells that wrap around sensory neurons. An envelope of multiple SGCs completely surrounds each sensory neuron. The number of SGCs that make up the sheath increases proportionately with the volume of the neuron which it surrounds. Additionally, the
924:
because of some of their physiological and pharmacological properties. In fact, just like astrocytes, SGCs have the ability to sense and regulate neighboring neuronal activity. First, after a period of nerve cell injury, SGCs are known to up-regulate GFAP and to undergo cell division. They have the
1030:
rather than in culture will likely be explored and definitively characterized. Changes in the receptors caused by various mutations and diseases will also be explored in order to determine the effect of these conditions. Additionally, the mechanisms behind neuronal-SGC communication is essentially
965:
from macrophages or microglia and astrocytes. The receptor likely has a part in the cascade of events that end with inflammation and neuropathic pain. It has been discovered that this receptor has an antagonist in the form of A-317491, which, when present, has the ability to reduce both the evoked
330:
that extends outward from the cell surface near the nucleus and into the extracellular space of a deep indentation in the plasma membrane. The cilium, however, only has the nine pairs of peripheral microtubules while it lacks the axial pair of microtubules, making its structure very similar to the
1014:
appear. During the latent stage of the virus, the viruses are rarely located in the SGCs within the sensory ganglia, but the SGCs may still play an important role within the disease. It has been proposed that SGCs act to create walls to prevent the spread of the virus from infected to uninfected
498:
Unlike their adjacent neurons, SGCs do not have synapses but are equipped with receptors for a variety of neuroactive substances that are analogous to those found in neurons. Axon terminals as well as other parts of the neuron carry receptors to substances such as
515:
that directly affect the physiology of these cells. Current research is revealing that SGCs are also able to respond to some of the same chemical stimuli as neurons. The research is ongoing and SGCs role in injury repair mechanisms is not yet fully understood.
461:
SGCs role as a regulator of neuronal microenvironment is further characterized by its electrical properties which are very similar to those of astrocytes. Astrocytes have a well studied and defined role in controlling the microenvironment within the
353:
that extend outward from their cell surfaces. Due to their close proximity to the SGC sheath, these microvilli of the neuronal plasma membrane reach into the grooves of the sheath, allowing for possible exchange of materials between the cells.
1009:
Sensory ganglia have been associated with infections from viruses like herpes simplex, which can exist in a dormant state within the ganglia for decades after the primary infection. When the virus becomes reactivated, blisters on the skin and
895:
Glial cells, including SGCs, have long been recognized for their roles in response to neuronal damage and injury. SCGs have specifically been implicated in a new role involving the creation and persistence of chronic pain, which may involve
993:(Guo). Guo, which may be involved in neuron-to-SGC communication and interaction in sensory ganglia, is also a potential target that could control the alterations of extracellular K concentration associated with chronic pain.
973:
P2Y receptors are also found on both neurons and glial cells. Their role is less clear than that of the P2X receptors, but it has been noted they have several conflicting functions. In some cases, these receptors act as
920:(TNFα) are other cellular factors that work to sensitize neurons to pain. SGCs are present in the PNS in fewer numbers than other more well-known types of glial cells, like astrocytes, but have been determined to affect
2284:
Miller KE; Richards BA; Kriebel RM (August 2002). "Glutamine-, glutamine synthetase-, glutamate dehydrogenase- and pyruvate carboxylase-immunoreactivities in the rat dorsal root ganglion and peripheral nerve".
349:“cluster” of two or three neurons. Most often each individual neuron in a cluster is still surrounded by its own SGC sheath, but in some cases it is missing. Some sensory neurons have small projections called
985:
SGCs also express a specific type of channel, the Kir4.1 channel, which works to maintain the desired low extracellular K concentration in order to control hyperexcitability, which is known to cause
2195:
Alvarez-Leefmans FJ; León-Olea M; Mendoza-Sotelo J; Alvarez FJ; Antón B; Garduño R (2001). "Immunolocalization of the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter in peripheral nervous tissue of vertebrates".
1334:
Villa G; Fumagalli M; Verderio C; Abbracchio MP; Ceruti S (February 2010). "Expression and contribution of satellite glial cells purinoceptors to pain transmission in sensory ganglia: an update".
378:
Many people liken SGCs to the astrocytes of the CNS because they share certain anatomical and physiological properties, such as the presence of neurotransmitter transporters and the expression of
200:
of the embryo during development. SGCs have been found to play a variety of roles, including control over the microenvironment of sympathetic ganglia. They are thought to have a similar role to
1924:
Elfvin LG (November 1971). "Ultrastructural studies on the synaptology of the inferior mesenteric ganglion of the cat. I. Observations on the cell surface of the postganglionic perikarya".
1805:
Pannese E; Ledda M; Arcidiacono G; Rigamonti L (May 1991). "Clusters of nerve cell bodies enclosed within a common connective tissue envelope in the spinal ganglia of the lizard and rat".
390:
exist between SGCs in the sheaths of adjacent neurons as well as between SGCs in the same sheath (reflexive gap junctions). These gap junctions have been identified through the use of
413:
receptors. In order to differentiate between SGCs and other glial cells researchers have used markers to identify which proteins are found in different cells. Although SGCs express
266:
Despite their flattened shape, satellite glial cells contain all common organelles necessary to make cellular products and to maintain the homeostatic environment of the cell. The
2519:
Wilkinson R; Leaver C; Simmons A; Pereira RA (August 1999). "Restricted replication of herpes simplex virus in satellite glial cell cultures clonally derived from adult mice".
1039:
978:, as P2Y1 has the ability to inhibit the action of P2X3. In other cases, the receptors contribute to nociception through the modulation of the extracellular concentration of
1727:
Pannese E (July 1964). "Number And
Structure Of Perisomatic Satellite Cells Of Spinal Ganglia Under Normal Conditions Or During Axon Regeneration And Neuronal Hypertrophy".
425:(GS). The levels of GS are relatively low at rest, but they greatly increase if the neuron undergoes axonal damage. Furthermore, SGCs also possess mechanisms to release
259:, making this region of the SGC sheath thicker. The sheath can be even thicker if multiple SGCs are layered on top of one another, each measuring 0.1 micrometres (3.9
2238:
Berger UV; Hediger MA (June 2000). "Distribution of the glutamate transporters GLAST and GLT-1 in rat circumventricular organs, meninges, and dorsal root ganglia".
450:, they are not found on the neuron surface. This suggests that the SGCs can regulate the extracellular space of individual neurons. Some speculate that SGCs in the
1600:
Hibino H, Horio Y, Fujita A, et al. (October 1999). "Expression of an inwardly rectifying K(+) channel, Kir4.1, in satellite cells of rat cochlear ganglia".
1557:
Mirsky R; Jessen KR; Schachner M; Goridis C (December 1986). "Distribution of the adhesion molecules N-CAM and L1 on peripheral neurons and glia in adult rats".
982:(CGRP). These conflicting roles are being researched further so that they may serve as potential targets for the development of a variety of therapeutic drugs.
442:
can regulate the diffusion of molecules across the cell membrane. It has been previously shown that when fluorescent protein tracers are injected into the
966:
and unprompted firing of various classes of spinal neurons, as well as to inhibit release of IL-1β. However, the outside influences of receptors P2X3 and
318:
can be seen throughout the cytoplasm, and most often they lie parallel to the SGC sheath. These filaments are found in greater concentrations at the
2655:
362:
In the sympathetic ganglia, satellite glial cells are one of three main types of cells, the other two being the sympathetic ganglion neurons and
970:
are believed to complicate the interactions between P2X7 and its antagonist, making it a non-ideal target when using pharmacological strategy.
761:
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255:. Each side of the cell body extends outward, forming perineuronal processes. The region containing the nucleus has the largest volume of
2251:
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receptor, which is selectively expressed by glial cells, including SGCs. The receptor has been implicated in the release of interleukin
228:
Satellite glial cells are expressed throughout the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia in their respective nervous system divisions.
2489:
2476:
LaVail JH; Topp KS; Giblin PA; Garner JA (August 1997). "Factors that contribute to the transneuronal spread of herpes simplex virus".
216:. There is much more to be learned about these cells, and research surrounding additional properties and roles of the SGCs is ongoing.
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Various neuronal receptors present on SGCs have been named as participants in ATP-evoked pain signals, particularly the homomultimer
1865:
833:
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of receptors responds to neuronally released ATP. Each of the P2X subtypes are found in sensory neurons with the exception of the
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From studies on rats and mice, researchers have found that satellite glial cells express many neurotransmitter receptors, such as
3279:
3209:
1236:
Hall AK; Landis SC (September 1992). "Division and migration of satellite glia in the embryonic rat superior cervical ganglion".
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or neurobiotin. The degree to which SGCs are coupled to SGCs of another sheath or to SGCs of the same sheath is dependent on the
363:
134:
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414:
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Ten
Tusscher MP; Klooster J; Vrensen GF (June 1989). "Satellite cells as blood-ganglion cell barrier in autonomic ganglia".
2894:
2595:
Weick M, Cherkas PS, Härtig W, et al. (2003). "P2 receptors in satellite glial cells in trigeminal ganglia of mice".
1522:
Pannese E (February 2010). "The structure of the perineuronal sheath of satellite glial cells (SGCs) in sensory ganglia".
2889:
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2648:
682:
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Hanani M (September 2010). "Satellite glial cells in sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia: in search of function".
917:
1282:
Shinder V; Devor M (September 1994). "Structural basis of neuron-to-neuron cross-excitation in dorsal root ganglia".
344:. The distance of extracellular space between the sheath and the neuronal plasma membrane measures 20 nanometres (7.9
2924:
1889:
Elfvin LG (January 1968). "A new granule-containing nerve cell in the inferior mesenteric ganglion of the rabbit".
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Second messenger that internalizes the message carried by intercellular messengers such as peptide hormones and NO
594:
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868:
796:
233:
170:
929:, which are analogous to those released by Schwann cells and contribute to the recruitment and proliferation of
3214:
2940:
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Allen DT; Kiernan JA (April 1994). "Permeation of proteins from the blood into peripheral nerves and ganglia".
1468:
Dixon JS (January 1969). "Changes in the fine structure of satellite cells surrounding chromatolytic neurons".
406:
245:
182:
122:
97:
70:
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2556:"Herpes simplex virus infection of murine sensory ganglia induces proliferation of neuronal satellite cells"
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2015:"S100 protein-immunoreactive primary sensory neurons in the trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia of the rat"
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in an SGC of the sympathetic ganglia. In some SGCs of the sensory ganglia researchers have seen a single
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volume of the sheath itself increases proportionately with the volume and surface area of the neuron's
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989:. Additionally, extracellular K concentration has been found to be controlled by guanine nucleoside
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Known to function as a neuromodulator as well as a trophic factor in the central nervous system
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of SGCs is thin and not very dense, and it is associated with adhesion molecules, receptors for
248:. They compose the thin cellular sheaths that surround the individual neurons in these ganglia.
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2148:"gamma-Aminobutyric acid efflux from sympathetic glial cells: effect of 'depolarizing' agents"
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1995:
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283:
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In a SGC, the cell body is denoted by the region containing the single, relatively large
2433:
Steiner I (August 1996). "Human herpes viruses latent infection in the nervous system".
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and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, but the latter is much less abundant. Most often the
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20:
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Representation of a typical P2X receptor subunit associated with the plasma membrane.
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745:
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504:
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291:
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in an SGC are found in a region very close to the cell's nucleus. On the other hand,
267:
189:
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2505:
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2132:
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2089:
1756:
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Terminates the excitatory neurotransmitter signal by removal (uptake) of glutamate
639:
387:
319:
278:, specifically potassium ion channels. Within individual SGCs, there is both rough
252:
209:
197:
1834:
1070:
115:
102:
3359:
3174:
3078:
3036:
2968:
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1783:
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921:
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Somatostatin inhibits the release of many hormones and other secretory proteins
508:
487:
311:
275:
3429:
3118:
2995:
2958:
2532:
2328:
Julius D; Basbaum AI (September 2001). "Molecular mechanisms of nociception".
1981:
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HESS A (December 1955). "The fine structure of young and old spinal ganglia".
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functions essential for life. Neurotransmitter and hormone receptors on SGCs
3444:
2978:
2829:
2802:
2794:
1374:"Varicella-zoster virus DNA in cells isolated from human trigeminal ganglia"
990:
909:
700:
512:
467:
295:
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256:
58:
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2419:
2357:
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10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(20000605)421:3<385::AID-CNE7>3.0.CO;2-S
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1999:
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1621:
1543:
1451:
1407:
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1211:
1151:
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10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19970815)49:4<485::AID-JNR9>3.0.CO;2-4
2454:
2124:
2081:
2038:
1945:
1910:
1826:
1791:
1713:
1656:
1578:
1489:
1481:
1303:
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Inflammatory mediator increased by nerve crush, herpes simplex activation
3108:
3093:
3088:
2812:
2807:
2734:
2729:
2181:
986:
482:, and thus can supply the neurons not only with glutamine, but also with
426:
299:
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are found throughout the cytoplasm along with the organelles involved in
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109:
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1818:
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1026:
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73:
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Catalyzes the condensation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine
140:
35:
3031:
2986:
2751:
2349:
327:
159:
55:
2014:
1966:"Can satellite glial cells be therapeutic targets for pain control?"
1704:
1687:
756:
Cytokine released during inflammation, increased by UV irradiation
421:, the most useful marker available today for SGC identification is
224:
1852:. International Review of Cytology. Vol. 220. pp. 1–34.
1000:
967:
940:
463:
223:
85:
2633:
1426:"Satellite glial cells: more than just 'rings around the neuron'"
1125:"Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia: from form to function"
40:
Satellite glial cells surround the cell bodies of sensory neurons
3224:
3070:
1850:
Perikaryal surface specializations of neurons in sensory ganglia
1770:
Pannese E (1981). "The satellite cells of the sensory ganglia".
962:
958:
950:
323:
193:
2637:
953:
and the heteromultimer P2X2/3 purinoceptors. In general, the
912:
and other bioactive molecules that transmit pain neuronally.
612:
Blockers of ETs are shown to alleviate pain in animal models
331:
cilia of neurons, Schwann cells, and astrocytes of the CNS.
399:
2384:
Gosselin RD; Suter MR; Ji RR; Decosterd I (October 2010).
1964:
Jasmin L; Vit JP; Bhargava A; Ohara PT (February 2010).
2013:
Ichikawa H; Jacobowitz DM; Sugimoto T (February 1997).
232:
Satellite glial cells are a type of glia found in the
1059:"Glia of the Central Nervous System. Ependymal Cells"
1372:
Levin MJ; Cai GY; Manchak MD; Pizer LI (June 2003).
3390:
3331:
3324:
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3190:
3147:
3107:
3069:
3051:
3044:
3030:
2977:
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2793:
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2743:
2680:
2671:
1040:
List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
121:
108:
96:
84:
79:
50:
45:
28:
772:Involved in functions including the regulation of
298:and other forms of catabolic degradation, such as
2379:
2377:
2375:
2279:
2277:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
695:May play a role in response to neuronal injury
19:For the progenitor cells in muscle tissue, see
1419:
1417:
1367:
1365:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
2649:
1463:
1461:
1277:
1275:
1231:
1229:
711:Stimulates neural proliferation after injury
8:
2146:Bowery NG; Brown DA; Marsh S (August 1979).
458:as a functional barrier to large molecules.
3328:
3048:
3041:
2852:
2747:
2677:
2656:
2642:
2634:
386:where the SGCs are situated. Furthermore,
34:
2571:
2409:
2171:
1989:
1703:
1441:
1397:
677:Role not well defined in sensory ganglia
188:. Both satellite glial cells (SGCs) and
16:Cells covering neuron soma in PNS ganglia
2554:Elson K; Speck P; Simmons A (May 2003).
1686:Citkowitz E; Holtzman E (January 1973).
937:Expression of receptors and ion channels
523:
1049:
364:small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells
433:(ATP), and other chemical messengers.
138:
25:
900:and other forms of spontaneous pain.
634:Involved in the inflammatory process
7:
1688:"Peroxisomes in dorsal root ganglia"
394:and weight tracer markers, such as
322:and at the beginning portion of an
2447:10.1111/j.1600-065X.1996.tb00915.x
374:Differences from other glial cells
154:, formerly called amphicytes, are
14:
1204:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2010.04.009
1144:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.09.001
908:SGCs have the ability to release
520:Molecular characteristics of SGCs
196:in the PNS) are derived from the
1390:10.1128/jvi.77.12.6979-6987.2003
904:Secretion of bioactive molecules
841:mRNA (ISH), IHC, Autoradiography
795:Signaling protein a part of the
135:Anatomical terms of microanatomy
2820:Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell
1614:10.1152/ajpcell.1999.277.4.C638
1063:General Histology of the Mammal
980:calcitonin gene related peptide
415:glial fibrillary acidic protein
192:(the cells that ensheathe some
2386:"Glial cells and chronic pain"
2164:10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012879
1065:. Springer. pp. 302–303.
1:
2609:10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00388-9
2299:10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02802-0
2209:10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00091-4
2031:10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01364-9
1938:10.1016/s0022-5320(71)80135-1
1903:10.1016/s0022-5320(68)90048-8
1858:10.1016/S0074-7696(02)20002-9
1071:10.1007/978-3-642-70420-8_147
503:(ACh), GABA, glutamate, ATP,
402:of the cellular environment.
2117:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90434-4
2074:10.1016/0306-4522(94)90192-9
589:Upregulated by nerve damage
573:Upregulated by nerve damage
2930:Postganglionic nerve fibers
1784:10.1007/978-3-642-67750-2_1
1057:Krstić, Radivoj V. (1985).
653:Contributes to nociception
454:have a similar role to the
3491:
2925:Preganglionic nerve fibers
1772:Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol
1424:Hanani M (February 2010).
805:Somatostatin sst1 receptor
173:. Thus, they are found in
158:that cover the surface of
18:
3435:Olfactory receptor neuron
3099:Neurofibril/neurofilament
2533:10.3109/13550289909029479
1982:10.1017/S1740925X10000098
1729:Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat
1536:10.1017/S1740925X10000037
1443:10.1017/S1740925X10000104
1348:10.1017/S1740925X10000086
1132:Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev
797:type II cytokine receptor
274:and other molecules, and
234:peripheral nervous system
171:peripheral nervous system
133:
33:
2402:10.1177/1073858409360822
407:muscarinic acetylcholine
1005:Herpes simplex virions.
918:tumor necrosis factor α
717:Erythropoietin receptor
659:ACh muscarinic receptor
476:glutamate dehydrogenase
472:gamma-Aminobutyric acid
446:in order to bypass the
246:parasympathetic ganglia
3382:Neuromuscular junction
3245:III or Aδ or fast pain
1692:J. Histochem. Cytochem
1123:Hanani M (June 2005).
1006:
946:
431:adenosine triphosphate
358:In sympathetic ganglia
316:intermediate filaments
229:
206:central nervous system
91:gliocytus ganglionicus
2573:10.1099/vir.0.19035-0
1657:10.1002/ar.1091230403
1482:10.1002/ar.1091630112
1004:
944:
886:Clinical significance
834:Glutamate transporter
417:(GFAP) and different
280:endoplasmic reticulum
227:
152:Satellite glial cells
3400:Meissner's corpuscle
3365:Postsynaptic density
3262:Efferent nerve fiber
3250:IV or C or slow pain
3192:Afferent nerve fiber
3018:Satellite glial cell
541:Glutamine synthetase
494:Molecular properties
480:pyruvate carboxylase
423:glutamine synthetase
380:glutamine synthetase
29:Satellite glial cell
3405:Merkel nerve ending
2342:2001Natur.413..203J
1926:J. Ultrastruct. Res
1891:J. Ultrastruct. Res
1608:(4 Pt 1): C638–44.
1019:Research directions
925:ability to release
533:Method of Detection
456:blood–brain barrier
392:electron microscopy
3440:Photoreceptor cell
3410:Pacinian corpuscle
3341:Electrical synapse
3295:Lower motor neuron
3290:Upper motor neuron
3011:Internodal segment
2951:Connective tissues
2921:Autonomic ganglion
1848:Pannese E (2002).
1819:10.1007/BF00313957
1741:10.1007/bf00339491
1571:10.1007/bf01625196
1296:10.1007/bf01262054
1250:10.1007/bf01191725
1007:
947:
448:circulatory system
335:In sensory ganglia
236:, specifically in
230:
128:H2.00.06.2.02002
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3425:Free nerve ending
3392:Sensory receptors
3320:
3319:
3235:Ib or Golgi or Aα
3143:
3142:
3026:
3025:
2903:Ramus communicans
2842:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2708:Commissural fiber
2703:Association fiber
2698:Projection fibers
2566:(Pt 5): 1079–84.
1080:978-3-642-70420-8
883:
882:
850:Guanylate cyclase
683:NGF trkA receptor
630:Electrophysiology
452:autonomic ganglia
444:cervical ganglion
384:connective tissue
272:neurotransmitters
149:
148:
144:
3482:
3355:Synaptic vesicle
3350:Chemical synapse
3329:
3049:
3042:
2853:
2748:
2678:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2575:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2478:J. Neurosci. Res
2473:
2467:
2466:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2413:
2381:
2370:
2369:
2350:10.1038/35093019
2336:(6852): 203–10.
2325:
2319:
2318:
2281:
2272:
2271:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2010:
2004:
2003:
1993:
1970:Neuron Glia Biol
1961:
1950:
1949:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1707:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1524:Neuron Glia Biol
1519:
1502:
1501:
1465:
1456:
1455:
1445:
1430:Neuron Glia Biol
1421:
1412:
1411:
1401:
1369:
1360:
1359:
1336:Neuron Glia Biol
1331:
1316:
1315:
1279:
1270:
1269:
1233:
1224:
1223:
1187:
1164:
1163:
1129:
1120:
1085:
1084:
1054:
1012:mucous membranes
927:chemoattractants
820:GABA transporter
524:
347:
262:
141:edit on Wikidata
38:
26:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3454:
3386:
3316:
3265:
3256:
3240:II or Aβ and Aγ
3195:
3186:
3139:
3129:Apical dendrite
3124:Dendritic spine
3103:
3065:
3035:
3022:
3006:Node of Ranvier
3001:Myelin incisure
2973:
2945:
2834:
2825:Oligodendrocyte
2808:Ependymal cells
2789:
2739:
2667:
2662:
2632:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2383:
2382:
2373:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2240:J. Comp. Neurol
2237:
2236:
2232:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1963:
1962:
1953:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1868:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1807:Cell Tissue Res
1804:
1803:
1799:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1705:10.1177/21.1.34
1685:
1684:
1680:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1521:
1520:
1505:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1384:(12): 6979–87.
1371:
1370:
1363:
1333:
1332:
1319:
1281:
1280:
1273:
1235:
1234:
1227:
1189:
1188:
1167:
1127:
1122:
1121:
1088:
1081:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1037:
1021:
999:
939:
906:
893:
888:
826:Autoradiography
708:mRNA (ISH), IHC
621:
608:autoradiography
603:Rat, rabbit DRG
598:
530:Type of Ganglia
522:
496:
439:
376:
360:
345:
337:
284:Golgi apparatus
268:plasma membrane
260:
222:
183:parasympathetic
145:
71:parasympathetic
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3488:
3486:
3478:
3477:
3467:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3450:Taste receptor
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3420:Muscle spindle
3417:
3415:Ruffini ending
3412:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3377:Ribbon synapse
3374:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3347:
3337:
3335:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3271:
3269:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3199:
3197:Sensory neuron
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3172:
3167:
3165:Pseudounipolar
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3133:Basal dendrite
3126:
3121:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3084:Axon terminals
3081:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3046:
3039:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2983:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2936:Nerve fascicle
2933:
2927:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2859:
2857:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2754:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2665:Nervous tissue
2663:
2661:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2638:
2631:
2630:
2587:
2546:
2511:
2468:
2425:
2390:Neuroscientist
2371:
2320:
2273:
2230:
2187:
2138:
2095:
2052:
2025:(1–2): 253–7.
2005:
1951:
1916:
1881:
1866:
1840:
1797:
1762:
1719:
1678:
1651:(4): 399–423.
1635:
1602:Am. J. Physiol
1592:
1565:(6): 799–815.
1549:
1503:
1457:
1413:
1361:
1317:
1271:
1225:
1165:
1086:
1079:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1036:
1033:
1020:
1017:
998:
997:Herpes simplex
995:
938:
935:
905:
902:
892:
889:
887:
884:
881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
865:
864:
861:
855:
852:
846:
845:
842:
839:
836:
830:
829:
827:
824:
821:
817:
816:
813:
810:
807:
801:
800:
793:
790:
787:
781:
780:
770:
767:
764:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
742:
741:
738:
735:
732:
728:
727:
725:
722:
719:
713:
712:
709:
706:
703:
697:
696:
693:
688:
685:
679:
678:
675:
664:
661:
655:
654:
651:
645:
642:
636:
635:
632:
627:
624:
619:
614:
613:
610:
604:
601:
596:
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
575:
574:
571:
568:
561:
557:
556:
553:
548:
542:
538:
537:
534:
531:
528:
521:
518:
495:
492:
438:
435:
419:S-100 proteins
411:erythropoietin
396:Lucifer yellow
375:
372:
359:
356:
336:
333:
306:granules, and
221:
218:
214:herpes simplex
147:
146:
137:
131:
130:
125:
119:
118:
113:
106:
105:
100:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
77:
76:
52:
48:
47:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
21:Satellite cell
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3487:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3323:
3311:
3310:Îł motorneuron
3308:
3306:
3305:β motorneuron
3303:
3301:
3300:α motorneuron
3298:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3263:
3259:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3193:
3189:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2647:
2645:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2603:(4): 969–77.
2602:
2598:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2560:J. Gen. Virol
2557:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2527:(4): 384–91.
2526:
2522:
2521:J. Neurovirol
2515:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2484:(4): 485–96.
2483:
2479:
2472:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2429:
2426:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2396:(5): 519–31.
2395:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2324:
2321:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2293:(2): 202–11.
2292:
2288:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2246:(3): 385–99.
2245:
2241:
2234:
2231:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2203:(2): 569–82.
2202:
2198:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2111:(1): 95–102.
2110:
2106:
2099:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2068:(3): 755–64.
2067:
2063:
2056:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2006:
2001:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1932:(3): 411–25.
1931:
1927:
1920:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1867:9780123646248
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1813:(2): 209–14.
1812:
1808:
1801:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1735:(4): 568–92.
1734:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:J. Neurocytol
1553:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1290:(9): 515–31.
1289:
1285:
1284:J. Neurocytol
1278:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1244:(9): 635–47.
1243:
1239:
1238:J. Neurocytol
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:(2): 304–27.
1197:
1193:
1192:Brain Res Rev
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1138:(3): 457–76.
1137:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1003:
996:
994:
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
971:
969:
964:
960:
956:
952:
943:
936:
934:
932:
928:
923:
919:
915:
914:Neurotrophins
911:
903:
901:
899:
890:
885:
878:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
862:
860:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
843:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
818:
814:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
798:
794:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
779:
775:
771:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
755:
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
739:
736:
734:Mouse DRG, TG
733:
730:
729:
726:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
710:
707:
704:
702:
699:
698:
694:
692:
689:
686:
684:
681:
680:
676:
673:
669:
665:
662:
660:
657:
656:
652:
649:
646:
643:
641:
638:
637:
633:
631:
628:
625:
623:
616:
615:
611:
609:
605:
602:
600:
595:Endothelin ET
593:
592:
588:
585:
582:
580:
577:
576:
572:
569:
566:
562:
559:
558:
554:
552:
549:
547:
543:
540:
539:
535:
532:
529:
526:
525:
519:
517:
514:
510:
506:
505:noradrenaline
502:
501:acetylcholine
493:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
436:
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:gap junctions
385:
381:
373:
371:
369:
365:
357:
355:
352:
343:
334:
332:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
263:10 in).
258:
254:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
226:
219:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:Schwann cells
187:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
153:
142:
136:
132:
129:
126:
124:
120:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
99:
95:
92:
89:
87:
83:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
53:
49:
44:
37:
32:
27:
22:
3345:Gap junction
3267:Motor neuron
3061:Axon hillock
3037:nerve fibers
3017:
2991:Schwann cell
2901:
2884:
2862:
2780:Medium spiny
2693:White matter
2681:Tissue Types
2600:
2597:Neuroscience
2596:
2590:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2438:
2435:Immunol. Rev
2434:
2428:
2393:
2389:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2290:
2286:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2200:
2197:Neuroscience
2196:
2190:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2065:
2062:Neuroscience
2061:
2055:
2022:
2018:
2008:
1976:(1): 63–71.
1973:
1969:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1897:(1): 37–44.
1894:
1890:
1884:
1849:
1843:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1698:(1): 34–41.
1695:
1691:
1681:
1648:
1644:
1638:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1527:
1523:
1476:(1): 101–9.
1473:
1469:
1433:
1429:
1381:
1377:
1342:(1): 31–42.
1339:
1335:
1287:
1283:
1241:
1237:
1195:
1191:
1135:
1131:
1062:
1052:
1038:
1025:
1022:
1008:
984:
972:
948:
907:
898:hyperalgesia
894:
891:Chronic pain
869:PGD synthase
640:P2Y receptor
618:Bradykinin B
497:
460:
440:
404:
377:
361:
338:
320:axon hillock
312:microtubules
292:mitochondria
276:ion channels
265:
250:
231:
210:chronic pain
198:neural crest
194:nerve fibers
151:
150:
116:sao792373294
90:
3475:Glial cells
3360:Active zone
3325:Termination
3175:Interneuron
3079:Telodendron
2987:Myelination
2969:Endoneurium
2964:Perineurium
2785:Interneuron
2775:Von Economo
2723:Decussation
2718:Nerve tract
2688:Grey matter
1530:(1): 3–10.
931:macrophages
922:nociception
854:Rat DRG, TG
509:substance P
308:peroxisomes
242:sympathetic
179:sympathetic
163:cell bodies
156:glial cells
80:Identifiers
67:sympathetic
54:Surface of
3430:Nociceptor
3170:Multipolar
3119:Nissl body
2996:Neurilemma
2959:Epineurium
2744:Cell Types
2441:: 157–73.
2158:: 75–101.
2152:J. Physiol
1436:(1): 1–2.
1045:References
976:analgesics
955:P2X family
648:Ca imaging
351:microvilli
304:lipofuscin
288:centrioles
202:astrocytes
3445:Hair cell
2979:Neuroglia
2941:Funiculus
2830:Microglia
2803:Astrocyte
2760:Pyramidal
2713:Lemniscus
2287:Brain Res
2105:Brain Res
2019:Brain Res
1778:: 1–111.
1645:Anat. Rec
1470:Anat. Rec
991:guanosine
987:migraines
910:cytokines
873:Chick DRG
691:Immuno-EM
536:Comments
513:capsaicin
468:glutamate
427:cytokines
300:lysosomes
296:autophagy
257:cytoplasm
220:Structure
3469:Category
3230:Ia or Aα
3160:Unipolar
3109:Dendrite
3094:Axolemma
3089:Axoplasm
2873:Ganglion
2813:Tanycyte
2765:Purkinje
2752:Neuronal
2735:Meninges
2730:Neuropil
2625:25702841
2617:12927203
2582:12692271
2541:10463860
2506:22825338
2463:31268611
2420:20581331
2366:13263269
2358:11557989
2307:12126882
2268:38551356
2260:10813794
2225:36201377
2217:11377856
2133:22719441
2047:31518343
2000:20566001
1876:12224547
1749:14254752
1673:40915651
1665:13292772
1630:44872893
1622:10516093
1587:12144849
1544:20604977
1498:36355664
1452:20604976
1408:12768016
1378:J. Virol
1356:20604978
1312:37909973
1266:42893326
1220:11833205
1212:20441777
1152:15914252
1035:See also
857:IHC for
750:Mouse TG
644:Mouse TG
622:receptor
599:receptor
527:Molecule
437:Function
368:synapses
286:and the
110:NeuroLex
51:Location
3372:Autapse
3333:Synapse
3180:Renshaw
3155:Bipolar
3032:Neurons
2885:Ventral
2856:General
2770:Granule
2498:9285524
2455:8930672
2411:3017463
2338:Bibcode
2315:2140577
2173:1280703
2125:2474362
2090:2516314
2082:8008217
2039:9067472
1991:3139431
1946:4331152
1911:5653898
1827:1878941
1792:7013430
1757:6191814
1714:4694538
1579:3819781
1490:5763130
1304:7815085
1258:1403009
1160:5316025
1027:in situ
838:Rat DRG
823:Rat DRG
809:Rat DRG
799:family
789:Rat DRG
778:mitosis
774:meiosis
766:Rat DRG
721:Rat DRG
705:Rat DRG
687:Rat DRG
663:Rat DRG
626:Rat DRG
583:Rat DRG
488:lactate
310:. Both
253:nucleus
238:sensory
204:in the
186:ganglia
175:sensory
169:of the
167:ganglia
103:D027161
74:ganglia
63:sensory
46:Details
3225:fibers
2863:Dorsal
2623:
2615:
2580:
2539:
2504:
2496:
2461:
2453:
2418:
2408:
2364:
2356:
2330:Nature
2313:
2305:
2266:
2258:
2223:
2215:
2182:501652
2180:
2170:
2131:
2123:
2088:
2080:
2045:
2037:
1998:
1988:
1944:
1909:
1874:
1864:
1835:617044
1833:
1825:
1790:
1755:
1747:
1712:
1671:
1663:
1628:
1620:
1585:
1577:
1542:
1496:
1488:
1450:
1406:
1399:156183
1396:
1354:
1310:
1302:
1264:
1256:
1218:
1210:
1158:
1150:
1077:
776:, and
544:Mouse
511:, and
484:malate
342:somata
328:cilium
244:, and
181:, and
160:neuron
59:bodies
56:neuron
3148:Types
3045:Parts
2914:White
2895:Ramus
2878:Ramus
2795:Glial
2621:S2CID
2502:S2CID
2459:S2CID
2362:S2CID
2311:S2CID
2264:S2CID
2221:S2CID
2129:S2CID
2086:S2CID
2043:S2CID
1831:S2CID
1753:S2CID
1669:S2CID
1626:S2CID
1583:S2CID
1494:S2CID
1308:S2CID
1262:S2CID
1216:S2CID
1156:S2CID
1128:(PDF)
963:IL-1β
731:TNF-α
666:IHC,
650:, IHC
606:IHC,
464:brain
139:[
86:Latin
3071:Axon
3053:Soma
2909:Gray
2890:Root
2868:Root
2613:PMID
2578:PMID
2537:PMID
2494:PMID
2451:PMID
2416:PMID
2354:PMID
2303:PMID
2256:PMID
2213:PMID
2178:PMID
2121:PMID
2078:PMID
2035:PMID
1996:PMID
1942:PMID
1907:PMID
1872:PMID
1862:ISBN
1823:PMID
1788:PMID
1745:PMID
1710:PMID
1661:PMID
1618:PMID
1575:PMID
1540:PMID
1486:PMID
1448:PMID
1404:PMID
1352:PMID
1300:PMID
1254:PMID
1208:PMID
1148:PMID
1075:ISBN
968:P2Y1
959:P2X7
951:P2X3
916:and
859:cGMP
785:JAK2
746:IL-6
701:TGFα
668:mRNA
579:S100
567:, TG
563:Rat
560:GFAP
486:and
478:and
470:and
409:and
324:axon
314:and
212:and
98:MeSH
69:and
3285:SVE
3280:GVE
3275:GSE
3220:SVA
3215:SSA
3210:GVA
3205:GSA
2848:PNS
2673:CNS
2605:doi
2601:120
2568:doi
2529:doi
2486:doi
2443:doi
2439:152
2406:PMC
2398:doi
2346:doi
2334:413
2295:doi
2291:945
2248:doi
2244:421
2205:doi
2201:104
2168:PMC
2160:doi
2156:293
2113:doi
2109:490
2070:doi
2027:doi
2023:748
1986:PMC
1978:doi
1934:doi
1899:doi
1854:doi
1815:doi
1811:264
1780:doi
1737:doi
1700:doi
1653:doi
1649:123
1610:doi
1606:277
1567:doi
1532:doi
1478:doi
1474:163
1438:doi
1394:PMC
1386:doi
1344:doi
1292:doi
1246:doi
1200:doi
1140:doi
1067:doi
876:IHC
812:IHC
792:IHC
769:IHC
762:ERK
753:IHC
737:IHC
724:IHC
672:ISH
586:IHC
570:IHC
565:DRG
551:IHC
165:in
61:in
3471::
2989::
2619:.
2611:.
2599:.
2576:.
2564:84
2562:.
2558:.
2535:.
2523:.
2500:.
2492:.
2482:49
2480:.
2457:.
2449:.
2437:.
2414:.
2404:.
2394:16
2392:.
2388:.
2374:^
2360:.
2352:.
2344:.
2332:.
2309:.
2301:.
2289:.
2276:^
2262:.
2254:.
2242:.
2219:.
2211:.
2199:.
2176:.
2166:.
2154:.
2150:.
2127:.
2119:.
2107:.
2084:.
2076:.
2066:59
2064:.
2041:.
2033:.
2021:.
2017:.
1994:.
1984:.
1972:.
1968:.
1954:^
1940:.
1930:37
1928:.
1905:.
1895:22
1893:.
1870:.
1860:.
1829:.
1821:.
1809:.
1786:.
1776:65
1774:.
1751:.
1743:.
1733:63
1731:.
1708:.
1696:21
1694:.
1690:.
1667:.
1659:.
1647:.
1624:.
1616:.
1604:.
1581:.
1573:.
1563:15
1561:.
1538:.
1526:.
1506:^
1492:.
1484:.
1472:.
1460:^
1446:.
1432:.
1428:.
1416:^
1402:.
1392:.
1382:77
1380:.
1376:.
1364:^
1350:.
1338:.
1320:^
1306:.
1298:.
1288:23
1286:.
1274:^
1260:.
1252:.
1242:21
1240:.
1228:^
1214:.
1206:.
1196:64
1194:.
1168:^
1154:.
1146:.
1136:48
1134:.
1130:.
1089:^
1073:.
1061:.
546:TG
507:,
490:.
429:,
400:pH
302:,
240:,
177:,
123:TH
112:ID
65:,
3343:/
3264:/
3194:/
3131:/
3034:/
2932:)
2923:(
2657:e
2650:t
2643:v
2627:.
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2584:.
2570::
2543:.
2531::
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2465:.
2445::
2422:.
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2368:.
2348::
2340::
2317:.
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2250::
2227:.
2207::
2184:.
2162::
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2072::
2049:.
2029::
2002:.
1980::
1974:6
1948:.
1936::
1913:.
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1837:.
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1500:.
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1294::
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1202::
1162:.
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1069::
674:)
670:(
620:2
597:B
346:Ă—
261:Ă—
143:]
23:.
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