Capture of La Boisselle - Knowledge (XXG)

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other units and captured both positions. Some of the Royal Scots had advanced beyond the first objective and faced the Contalmaison Spur 1,000 yd (910 m) beyond. German accounts recorded that a party of the 16th Royal Scots got into the village of Contalmaison before being annihilated. The 27th Northumberland Fusiliers (27th Northumberland) which had followed behind the Royal Scots, had been pinned down in no man's land by massed machine-gun fire. Small groups had managed to press on to the Fricourt–Pozières road and some parties accompanied by a few 24th Northumberland from the left-hand brigade column got to Acid Drop Copse and the fringe of Contalmaison. As news filtered back, Gore sent the 16th Royal Scots headquarters forward to take command and the positions gained were consolidated, creating a defensive flank for the XV Corps.

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unable to cross no man's land and the 24th Northumberland was held back in the British front line, although some troops had set off before the order arrived. The troops took what cover existed in no man's land and some of the men from the three battalions in the column, reached the crater of Lochnagar mine and dug in. A counter-attack from the 4th Company of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110, forced British troops back to the crater by midday. The party from the right-hand column left behind to capture Sausage Redoubt, tried to bomb towards it but were repulsed and two attempts by a Field Company RE and a company of the 18th Northumberland (Pioneers) Battalion to cross no man's land failed and the brigade column had to lie in no man's land and wait for dark.

1652:(barrage sectors) were co-ordinated with the infantry, whose officers were expected to know the batteries covering their sections of the front line and the batteries to be ready to engage fleeting targets. A telephone system was built with lines buried 6 ft (1.8 m) deep for 5 mi (8.0 km) back from the front line, to connect the front line with the artillery. The Somme defences had two inherent weaknesses which the rebuilding had not remedied. Front trenches were on a forward slope, lined by white chalk from the subsoil and easily seen by ground observers. The defences were crowded towards the front trench, with a regiment having two battalions near the front-trench system and the reserve battalion divided between the 2799:

found no particular attention had been given to the way that the infantry were to cross the wider parts. As the preliminary bombardment was fired, it was seen that the German infantry in the front line was still able to observe the British front line and fire on parties in no man's land. The 34th Division plan of attack committed all of the infantry battalions, which left no immediate reserve. The mines were expected to provide some protection against German machine-gun fire by creating mounds around the crater rims and a smoke screen was to cover La Boisselle at zero hour, although the wind blew it away from the village. Prior and Wilson criticised the bombardment plan for lifting the heavy artillery off the German front line at

1350: 2996: 1953:) and lay along the forward slope of a low ridge between La Boiselle and Albert, east of Tara and Usna hills, a continuation of the south-west spur from the main Bazentin Ridge, on which Ovillers had been built. In dead ground behind the ridge, field artillery was deployed in rows and artillery observers on the ridge had a perfect view of the German front position. The German position ran along the higher slopes of three spurs, which descend south-west from the main ridge and each trench had an unmistakable white chalk parapet. No man's land varied from 50–800 yd (46–732 m) wide, the narrowest part opposite La Boisselle being 232: 2757: 2028: 1981:

front and a field gun for every 23 yd (21 m). The heavy group had a 15-inch howitzer, three 12-inch howitzers on railway mountings, twelve 9.2-inch howitzers, sixteen 8-inch howitzers and twenty 6-inch howitzers, a 12-inch gun, one 9.2-inch gun (both on railway mountings), four 6-inch guns, thirty-two 60-pounder guns and eight 4.7-inch guns. During the preliminary bombardment the III Corps artillery was hampered by poor-quality field gun ammunition, which caused premature shell-explosions in gun barrels and casualties to the gunners. Many howitzer shells fell short and there was a large number of blinds (

2081: 2982: 1544:), ordered a construction programme in January 1915, to create a systematic defensive system on the Western Front, capable of withstanding attacks indefinitely with a relatively small garrison. Barbed wire obstacles were enlarged from one belt 5–10 yd (4.6–9.1 m) wide to two belts 30 yd (27 m) wide and about 15 yd (14 m) apart. Double and triple thickness wire was laid 3–5 ft (0.91–1.52 m) high. The front line was increased from one trench to three, dug 150–200 yd (140–180 m) apart, the first trench ( 169: 66: 2306: 2485: 2298:

swept no man's land, which was 200–800 yd (180–730 m) wide at this point and the forward slope of the Tara–Usna ridge, behind the British front line. As soon as the advance of the head of an attacking column was stopped, the rest of the column bunched up behind and made an easy target for the German defenders. The right-hand column had to advance along the convex slope on the west side of Fricourt Spur, for which the leading companies of the 15th (Service) Battalion (1st Edinburgh),

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Round woods. On the left flank, three tunnels which had been dug before the attack and one was used as a covered way, to reach the Tyneside Scottish in the German defences south of La Boisselle and supply water, food and ammunition, which enabled the footholds to be held. The remaining troops of the 10th Lincolns and the 11th Suffolk managed to retire during the night to the front line, where they were later relieved by the 19th Division. A night attack by the 19th Division, due to begin at

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directly. As the columns passed by the village, bombing parties supported by Lewis gun and Stokes mortar crews, were to attack from both flanks. When the battalion and brigade commanders ventured to doubt the realism of the plan, they were reminded that the preliminary bombardment had killed the village garrison and the Lochnagar and Y Sap mines would have destroyed the fortifications on either side of the village salient. Two columns on the right flank were to be formed by the

2374: 1461: 3010: 2215: 1671:, made it impractical. Some labour battalions and captured Russian heavy artillery were sent to the 2nd Army and Below proposed a preventive attack in May and a smaller effort from Ovillers to St Pierre Divion in June but got only one extra artillery regiment. On 6 June, Below reported that air reconnaissance indicated that an offensive was being prepared at Fricourt and Gommecourt and that the French had been reinforced south of the Somme, against whom 2536:(9th RWF). The attackers got across no man's land and captured the German front line trench with few casualties and the rest of the 9th Cheshire attacked on the right. As the Germans recovered from the surprise, resistance increased and the British systematically searched for and bombed the German underground shelters. The area was visible from the British lines and artillery support enabled the infantry to occupy the west end of the village by 154: 2676: 3038: 3024: 2776:. The defences of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 had been destroyed and dugout entrances had only been kept open by constant digging. No German casualties were reported after the Y Sap mine detonation, as the defences nearby had been evacuated but Lochnagar mine caused great damage and delayed the survivors from emerging from dugouts. Hand-to-hand fighting took place and the garrison was driven from 1411:

machine-gun fire. The 118th Infantry Regiment reached the cemetery of La Boisselle and the 19th Infantry Regiment closed on the western fringe of Ovillers. A German counter-bombardment then swept the ground west of Ovillers and Ravine 92, which prevented the approach of French reserves. During the night the French survivors of the attack fell back to the French front line, except at La Boisselle.

2143:, was to capture the German positions on the Fricourt Spur and Sausage Valley to the far side of La Boisselle, then advance to a line about 800 yd (730 m) short of the German second line from Contalmaison to Pozières. The division would have to capture a fortified village and six German trench lines, in a 2 mi (3.2 km) advance on a 2,000 yd (1,800 m) front. The 1959:(Glory Hole to the British). The right flank of the corps was opposite Fricourt Spur, the centre faced La Boisselle Spur with the village just behind the front line and the left flank was west of Ovillers Spur. Between the spurs were Sausage Valley and Mash Valley, depressions about 1,000 yd (910 m) wide at their broadest points, making an advance up them vulnerable to 2824:

Wilson wrote that III Corps planning had been unimaginative, yet the failure of the artillery bombardment would have doomed any plan. The bombardment had been spread over too wide an area and against too many targets, which left the German front line garrisons mostly intact at zero hour, easily capable of defeating the attack. In 2008, Harris called the III Corps attack an

1571:) about 1,000 yd (910 m) behind the front line was also built. Communication trenches ran back to the reserve position, renamed the second position, which was as well built and wired as the first. The second position was beyond the range of French and British field artillery, to force an attacker to stop and move artillery forward before assaulting the line. 1429:

infantry were withdrawn and mine warfare began. Many of the German units that fought on the Somme in 1914 remained in the area and made great efforts to fortify the defensive line, particularly with barbed-wire entanglements to hold the front trench with fewer troops. Railways, roads and waterways connected the battlefront to the Ruhr from where material for

239: 2962:, the German spring offensive. In the afternoon, air reconnaissance saw that the British defence of the line from Montauban and Ervillers was collapsing and the RFC squadrons in the area made a maximum effort to disrupt the German advance. The village and vicinity were recaptured for the last time on 26 August by the 2435:

contours of Mash Valley north of the La Boisselle Spur, which was 800 yd (730 m) east of the British front line. Y Sap Mine was exploded on time but as soon as the advance began, the column was engaged by German machine-gunners in La Boisselle and Ovillers and also received some artillery-fire.

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eavesdroppers warned of the imminent attack, enabled the Germans to vacate the underground shelters near Y Sap in time and shoot down the infantry of the fourth brigade column. The Lochnagar mine blast had more effect and British troops gained a shallow foothold in the German defences in the vicinity

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In 2005, Prior and Wilson wrote that the task of III Corps was made difficult by the topography of the corps sector, since behind the British front there was no cover and that even small bodies of troops moving in daylight would attract massed machine-gun and artillery fire. La Boisselle and Ovillers

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thirty men as soon as they advanced and the 21st Division troops were halted almost immediately. By nightfall, two communication trenches had been dug across no man's land, either side of the redoubt and another had been dug by the 21st Division, which gave access to the Royal Scots at Birch Tree and

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both battalions were atop the Fricourt Spur and Sausage and Scots redoubts were still occupied by German troops. The infantry advance continued for about 1 mi (1.6 km), before the error in navigation was realised thirty minutes later, at Birch Tree Wood beyond the sunken road into Fricourt,

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Spoil was placed in sandbags and passed hand-by-hand along a row of miners sitting on the floor, then stored along the side of the tunnel to be used to tamp the charge. The Lochnagar tunnel was 4.5 ft × 2.5 ft (1.37 m × 0.76 m) and excavated at a rate of about 18 in

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In mid-June, Falkenhayn was sceptical that an offensive was being prepared on the Somme, since a great success would lead to operations in Belgium, when an offensive in Alsace-Lorraine would take the war and its devastation into Germany. More railway activity, fresh digging and camp extensions around

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Digging and wiring of a new third position began in May; civilians were moved away and stocks of ammunition and hand-grenades were increased in the front-line. By mid-June, Below and Rupprecht expected an attack on the 2nd Army which held the front from Noyon northwards to beyond Gommecourt, although

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In mid-July 1915, extensive troop and artillery movements north of the Ancre were seen by German observers. The type of shell fired by the new artillery changed from high explosive to shrapnel and unexploded shells were found to be of a different design. The new infantry opposite did not continue the

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without artillery support, to gain a measure of surprise. The attackers got beyond the German front line near Mametz and north of Maricourt and then repulsed German counter-attacks from Bernafay Wood and east of Mametz. The advance was contained by German reserves in the support lines and by flanking

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a warning from an observer in a reconnaissance aircraft, led to an advance by German troops towards Bailiff Wood being ambushed and stopped by small-arms fire. An advance on the left flank, in support of a 12th Division attack on Ovillers, got forward about 1,000 yd (910 m) and reached the

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tree, then fell away in a widening cone of dust and debris. A moment later came the second mine. Again the roar, the upflung machine, the strange gaunt silhouette invading the sky. Then the dust cleared and we saw the two white eyes of the craters. The barrage had lifted to the second-line trenches,

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went forward and eventually a line was stabilised through the church ruins, about 100 yd (91 m) beyond the start line of the British attack. The 34th Division troops on the right flank of the corps area tried to link with the 19th Division but after three attacks stopped the attempt. After

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Only isolated parties crossed no man's land and those on the right which attacked Sausage Redoubt, were burnt on the parapet by flamethrowers. Some troops of the 11th Suffolk managed to advance and join the first brigade column survivors on the Fricourt Spur but most of the first two battalions were

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The German attack inflicted many casualties and forced the 15th Royal Scots back to Birch Tree Wood, Shelter Wood and repulsed the 16th Royal Scots and parties from the second column, to Round Wood. The Scots then began an advance to Wood Alley and Scots Redoubt, incorporating parties separated from

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and re-entrants, the main ones being those at La Boisselle and Thiepval on higher ground to the north. The Bapaume–Albert road descended westwards from Pozières then down the north side of the La Boisselle spur as far as the front lines, then beyond to Albert. On 29 June, a heavy shell destroyed the

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Many of the divisional infantry had been coal miners before 1914 and dug an elaborate complex of underground galleries in Tara hill to shelter the assembled battalions. When the attack began, the columns were to advance in lines of companies in extended order, the companies moving in platoon columns

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The field artillery barrage was to move "very slowly", raking back to the next German trench line in lifts of 50–100–150 yd (46–91–137 m) but was to move faster than the speed of the infantry advance, so was not a true creeping barrage. On 28 June, the Fourth Army headquarters ordered that

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In the III Corps area, heavy artillery was to fire on the German defences in eight lifts and "jump" from one defence line to the next and the infantry advance was to be preceded by barrages which moved back slowly on a timetable. The sixth lift was to fall on a line behind Contalmaison and Pozières,

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balloons were visible to the Germans, one for each British division; no German reinforcements were sent to the area until 1 July and only then to the 6th Army. At Verdun on 24 June, Crown Prince Wilhelm was ordered to conserve troops, ammunition and equipment and further restrictions were imposed on

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For several more days both sides detonated mines and conducted artillery bombardments, which often prevented infantry attacks. On 1 March, at Bécourt, German infantry massing for an attack were stopped by French artillery and at Carnoy on 15 March, a German mine was sprung and crater-fighting ensued

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was quickly planted and blown, collapsing the French digging and two German galleries in the vicinity. A 1,300 lb (600 kg) charge was blown on 12 January, which killed more than forty French soldiers. On 18 January, Reserve Infantry Regiment 120 made a surprise attack and destroyed the 7th

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January began frosty, which solidified the ground but wet weather followed and soon caused diggings to collapse, making movement impossible after a few days, leading to tacit truces to allow supplies to be carried to the front line at night. The rains eased and Bavarian Engineer Regiment 1 continued

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after a bombardment. The 118th Infantry Regiment captured several houses in the south-east of La Boisselle and consolidated the area during the night. The 64th Infantry Regiment overran the German first line but was held up short of the support trench, not been discovered before the attack, then dug

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before the troops had reached the British front line. Prior and Wilson wrote that the attack had gained a derisory amount of ground and that the condition of the 34th Division was reduced to the point that the 19th Division was rushed forward, in case of a German counter-attack on Albert. Prior and

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In wishing all ranks good luck the Army commander desires to impress on all infantry units the supreme importance of helping one another and holding on tight to every yard of ground gained. The accurate and sustained fire of the artillery during the bombardment should greatly assist the task of the

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The underground fortifications in the village had withstood the recent bombardments and attempts to signal with flares that the village had been captured led to the German artillery bombarding the village with howitzers and mortars, followed by a counter-attack by Infantry Regiment 190 of the 185th

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The leading battalions kept going and most of the troops were shot down in no man's land, although some managed to reach the second trench before being killed. The flanking parties were repulsed from the village and the 25th Northumberland in the rear was also cut down in no man's land, most of the

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trenches but the right flank was unsupported due to the disaster to the brigade column on the right. Parties of bombers attacked towards La Boisselle to cover the 102nd Brigade columns as they moved past but were repulsed, despite the Stokes mortar bombardment on the village, which had been falling

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of the French 18th Field Artillery Regiment, to fire gas shells. The corps artillery was divided into two field artillery groups for each attacking division and a fifth group which contained the heaviest artillery, covering the corps front. There was one heavy gun for each 40 yd (37 m) of

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by two battalions of the 45th Infantry Regiment and a battalion of the 236th Infantry Regiment, managed to regain a small amount of ground. A German counter-attack on 21 December, near Carnoy was repulsed. On 24 December, XI Corps attacked again at La Boisselle, with the 118th Infantry Regiment and

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aircraft of 3 Squadron flew over the III Corps sector and observers reported that the 34th Division had reached Peake Wood on the right flank, increasing the size of the salient driven into the German lines north of Fricourt. The villages of La Boisselle and Ovillers had not fallen. On 3 July, air

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and left a crater 270 ft (82 m) wide, 210 ft (64 m) deep and with lips 15 ft (4.6 m) above ground level, killing most of the 5th Company of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110. The delay was unnecessary and the column had a greater distance to advance than the third brigade

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when two battalions attacked from Pearl Alley and Shelter Wood, Contalmaison being entered and occupied up to the church after a thirty-minute battle, in which several counter-attacks were repulsed but the attack from Shelter Wood failed. An attempt to attack again was cancelled due to the mud, a

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At Boisselle the earth heaved and flashed, a tremendous and magnificent column rose up in the sky. There was an ear-splitting roar drowning all the guns, flinging the machine sideways in the repercussing air. The earth column rose higher and higher to almost 4,000 ft (1,200 m). There it

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When the barrage lifted, the troops overran the German front trench on the higher part of the slope but German flanking fire from Sausage Valley and La Boisselle, forced the leading companies away from the north-east to due east on the right. The left flanking units of the rear companies and the

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the men in the leading battalions had become casualties from German machine-gun fire, which began as soon as the British bombardment lifted off the German front line. Many of the German machine-guns were in concealed positions behind the front line and had not been hit by the bombardment. Bullets

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Behind this front position, a second position with two parallel trenches had been built from Bazentin-le-Petit to Mouquet Farm and a third position had been dug about 3 mi (4.8 km) behind the second position. The front position lay on a forward slope which could be seen from the British

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apart. Gore ordered the 101st Brigade the battalion headquarters staffs to stay behind until ordered forward, to preserve a cadre of officers to replace casualties. The first objective of the two leading lines of battalions was the German front system of four trench lines, the fourth trench being

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The tunnel had been dug in the 34th Division area and two more in the 8th Division sector to the north. The tunnels were 8.5 ft (2.6 m) high, 3.5 ft (1.1 m) wide at the bottom and 2.5 ft (0.76 m) wide at the top, 12–14 ft (3.7–4.3 m) underground. The great

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on 10 July and managed to occupy Bailiff Wood and trenches either side. After a thirty-minute bombardment, a creeping barrage moved in five short lifts through the village to the eastern fringe, as every machine-gun in the division fired on the edges of the village and the approaches. The attack

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Salient in the X Corps area dominated the left of the III Corps sector, which left the 8th and 34th divisions dependent on the effectiveness of the X Corps bombardment. No man's land in the 34th Division sector varied from 200–800 yd (180–730 m) and Prior and Wilson wrote that they had

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both brigades attacked, to advance beyond the village to a trench 400 yd (370 m) and gain touch with the divisions on the flanks. By bombing and fighting hand-to-hand, the British gradually drove the remnants of Reserve Infantry 110 and reinforcements from Infantry Regiment 23 from the

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dug in along 400 yd (370 m) of trench. The fourth brigade column, with the 20th Northumberland and 23rd Northumberland of the 102nd Brigade and the 25th Northumberland of the 103rd Brigade, was to pass beyond the Glory Hole and north of La Boisselle. The German front line followed the

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On 27 December, a German bombardment on the captured positions in La Boisselle was followed by an abortive counter-attack on the 118th Infantry Regiment and the 64th Infantry Regiment. German heavy artillery reinforcements had been brought into the area and made the ground untenable; the French

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dug the mines on either side of the salient around La Boisselle, to destroy German positions and create crater lips to block German enfilade fire along no man's land. The tunnellers used bayonets with spliced handles and worked barefoot on a floor covered with sandbags for silence. Flints were

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separating two infantry companies. The battalions then turned north, the 15th Royal Scots up Birch Tree Trench in the second intermediate line, towards Peake Woods, with the 16th Royal Scots in support along the Fricourt–Pozieres road, 200 yd (180 m) behind. A company of the reserve

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All three infantry brigades of the division were to attack at zero hour in waves. Four columns, three battalions deep, were to attack on 400 yd (370 m) frontages, with a gap between the third and fourth columns either side of La Boisselle, which like Fricourt was not to be attacked

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and the second position, all within 2,000 yd (1,800 m) and most troops within 1,000 yd (910 m) of the front line, accommodated in the new deep dugouts. The concentration of troops at the front line on a forward slope guaranteed that it would face the bulk of an artillery

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when a battalion reached the southern fringe, before machine-gun fire from Contalmaison forced them back 400 yd (370 m), as a fresh battalion worked along a trench towards the 19th Division on the left flank. The attack on Contalmaison by the 24th Brigade was delayed until after

2349:), where the north face was on the flank of the column advance. Small-arms fire from Sausage Redoubt, the trenches nearby in Sausage Valley and from La Boisselle, which had hit the right-hand column, was turned on to the second column and within two minutes the 10th (Service) Battalion 2292:

on 1 July, the infantry of the 34th Division apart from the leading troops of the second column rose from their jumping-off trenches. The leading battalions attacked from the front line and those at the rear moved down from the Tara–Usna ridge into the Avoca valley. Within ten minutes,

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Next day, XI Corps broke through the German defences at La Boisselle cemetery but was stopped a short distance forward in front of trenches protected by barbed wire. A German counter-attack using incendiary grenades recaptured a trench north of Maricourt and a French counter-attack at

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the 26th Reserve Division headquarters ordered that Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 was to retire through La Boisselle and that Ovillers was to be held to the last man. The companies advanced across 500 yd (460 m) of no man's land in the afternoon and bombed into the redoubt.

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moved forward in four waves, with mopping-up parties following, through return fire from the garrison and reached a trench at the edge of the village, forcing the survivors to retreat into Contalmaison. The waves broke up into groups which advanced faster than the barrage. Only

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and were able to hold on despite German counter-attacks. The advance of the 103rd Brigade was over ground with a fold, which meant that the disastrous attack by the preceding brigades could not be seen as the brigade was hit by artillery and machine-gun fire, which inflicted

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machine-guns. German troops were reluctant to believe that the British had assembled an army large enough to extend as far south as the Somme but a soldier seen near Thiepval was thought to be a French soldier in a grey hat. By 4 August, it was reported by OHL that the

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was cancelled as the 57th and 58th brigades were not able to get forward, over ground which had been churned by the bombardment and was covered with the dead of the morning attack; communications trenches were found to be full of walking-wounded and stretcher bearers.

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and showers during the day ended in a thunderstorm all afternoon. Troops were soaked, trenches flooded and the ground turned to deep mud and clung to boots and hooves; the RFC was mostly grounded but managed to register some artillery and reconnoitre Mametz Wood. At

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for twelve minutes. As soon as the garrison emerged unharmed from deep shelters under the village, they engaged the third column with machine-guns and enfiladed the British infantry, as they tried to move past and caused many casualties to all three battalions.

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workings were taken over as the British moved into the Somme front and great secrecy was maintained to prevent the discovery of the mines, since no continuous front line trench ran through the Glory Hole, which was defended by posts near the mine shafts. The

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16th Royal Scots were shot down as they followed on. Parties of the 15th Royal Scots were left behind to attack Sausage Redoubt and the trenches in the vicinity, as the rest advanced straight up the slope straying into the XV Corps sector, held by the

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when a force from the 21st Division began to bomb north along the German front line, as a party from the 34th Division attacked southwards from the Lochnagar crater but the shell-fire had no effect. The first line of troops from the crater, lost

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also arrived and neither side managed to advance; during the night the 12th Division relieved the 57th Brigade at La Boisselle. The area between the 23rd Division on the right and the 19th Division around La Boisselle was attacked at

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The brigade column on the left advanced five minutes after the rest of the division, to avoid debris from the Lochnagar mine and because the German line to the south curved back around Sausage Valley. The mine was sprung on time at

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to the Germans) was to be bombarded by Stokes mortars from an emplacement dug in no man's land overnight, 500 yd (460 m) opposite the strong point. (Long-range fire was more successful and a 12-inch railway gun chased

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a battalion of the 19th Division was sent forward but an attack by this battalion and the last company of the pioneer battalion was cancelled, two brigades of the 19th Division being sent forward to attack after dark instead.

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battalion of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 counter-attacked from Peake Woods, throwing hand-grenades and German troops in Scots Redoubt and the third and fourth trenches behind the Scots, engaged them with machine-gun fire.

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advanced close to Montauban and Maricourt against scattered resistance from French infantry and cavalry. On 28 September, the French were able to stop the German advance on a line from Maricourt to Fricourt and Thiepval.

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in corps reserve was to move forward to vacated trenches in the Tara–Usna line, ready to relieve the attacking divisions after the objectives had been reached. If the German defences collapsed, the 19th Division and

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and had sentry-posts in concrete recesses built into the parapet. Dugouts had been deepened from 6–9 ft (1.8–2.7 m) to 20–30 ft (6.1–9.1 m), 50 yd (46 m) apart and made large enough for

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The first of the 102nd Brigade columns, with the 21st and 22nd Northumberland supported by the 26th Northumberland of the 103rd Brigade, had tried to advance on the north side of the Lochnagar crater blown under

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the village of Ovillers had also been fortified. An intermediate line had been dug further back, from Fricourt Farm to Ovillers and a second intermediate line was being dug in front of Contalmaison and Pozières.

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battalion and brigade staffs becoming casualties too. The survivors of the fourth brigade column withdrew to the British front line. Thick smoke and dust obscured the view of 34th Division observers and until

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as the 57th Brigade was still moving up. The German defenders had ceased firing and supplies were easily moved across no man's land to the two footholds and two companies of the 7th East Lancs of the

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was rushed forward from reserve, in case of a German counter-attack on Albert and to continue the attack, most of the village was captured by 4 July and the operation was complete by 6 July.

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Field artillery and field howitzers were left to suppress the German defenders for the last thirty minutes but had little destructive power against field fortifications. The advance towards

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the British attacked over the open and captured Horseshoe Trench and Lincoln Redoubt. The 19th Division attacked at the east side of La Boisselle but the bombers were repulsed. The 1st

1683:

and spies reported an imminent offensive. On 24 June, a British prisoner spoke of a five-day bombardment to begin on 26 June and local units expected an attack within days. On 27 June,

1506:. After the explosions, a large party of German troops advanced and occupied the demolished houses but were not able to advance further against French artillery and small-arms fire. At 6581: 2557: 6609: 5116: 2528:

and a smoke screen released at zero hour. The deception succeeded and German artillery fired on Ovillers but not La Boisselle, where a frontal attack was made by the 6th Battalion,

6524: 3100:

soldiers were rescued from a dug-out close to Y Sap and reported that nine other dug-outs nearer to the mine must have been collapsed. In 2013 Whitehead wrote that the area around

2736:

device operators overheard orders that the British infantry were to hold on to every yard of ground gained. The message had been sent by the Fourth Army headquarters on 30 June at

6797: 6216: 5174: 2068:, in two charges of 36,000 lb (16,000 kg) and 24,000 lb (11,000 kg), 60 ft (18 m) apart and 52 ft (16 m) deep. Just north of the village, 706: 6904: 1387:

troops being captured in the fiasco. In early November, French artillery reinforcements arrived and bombardments beyond the front line began. On 19 November, two divisions of

7042: 6812: 6567: 2072:

was charged with 40,600 lb (18,400 kg) of Ammonal. Two smaller mines of 8,000 lb (3,600 kg) each were planted from galleries dug from Inch Street Trench.

2981: 3080:

Photographs taken during mine explosions earlier in the year, showed that material blown in the air and capable of causing injury, landed within twenty seconds. During the

2202:

where the 101st and 102nd brigades were to dig in. The 103rd Brigade was then to pass through and reach the final objective on the far side of Contalmaison and Pozières at

6807: 6497: 6448: 6363: 1406:(XI Corps) took place from 17 December at La Boisselle, Mametz, Carnoy and Maricourt. Although wire-cutting had not been completed, the operation was ordered to begin at 7052: 6651: 2958:

La Boisselle became a backwater. The village was re-captured by the Germans on 25 March 1918, during the retreat of the 47th Division and the 12th (Eastern) Division in

303: 943: 7047: 699: 402: 4731:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan. 2860:

In 1921, the 34th Division historian, J. Shakespear using records compiled just after the division was relieved, write that in three days, the 101st Brigade had lost

2548:

During an attack on Ovillers by the 12th Division, which had relieved the remnants of the 8th Division, a company strayed southwards towards La Boisselle and trapped

1005: 680: 231: 6492: 5850: 1663:

Falkenhayn was more concerned about an offensive in Alsace-Lorraine and then a possible attack on the 6th Army, which held the front from near Gommecourt north to

4674: 2390:

and just south of La Boisselle. The column advanced as the mine was sprung and having only 200 yd (180 m) of no man's land to cross, managed to overrun

1375:

began operations west of Bapaume on the same day, by advancing down the Bapaume–Albert road to the Ancre river, to complete the advance down the Somme valley to

6121: 5343: 2236:(Swabian Heights; Scots Redoubt to the British) and La Boisselle. The front defensive system was held by two battalions of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 of the 1485:(Shell Farm) to the Germans and later Glory Hole by the British. On 5 January, French sappers were heard digging near a gallery and a 660 lb (300 kg) 1261:) and a German listening post overheard a British telephone conversation the day before, which gave away the attack. The III Corps divisions suffered more than 2616:, which bombed up trenches with covering fire from machine-guns and Stokes mortars. Determined resistance by the German defenders held back the British until 6552: 6482: 5333: 5244: 2641: 296: 2649:

by bombing parties of the 7th East Lancs, was repulsed but a second attack over the open succeeded, after which three German counter-attacks were defeated.

6576: 5467: 4921: 638: 5144: 2632:

when a German counter-attack forced the British back. Another counter-attack in the afternoon led to most of the 69th Brigade being sent forward. Around

2139:, ready to advance through any gap formed and turn north to roll up the German defences. On the right flank of III Corps, the 34th Division, composed of 2443:

exaggerated reports of success had been believed and some field artillery was ordered to advance. No troops were in reserve to resume the attack and at

1329:

but after French Territorial divisions were forced back from Bapaume, the division was ordered back to defend bridgeheads from Maricourt to Mametz. The

5474: 1237: 926: 2264:

command post of Colonel von Vietinghoff, the commander of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110, who was forced to withdraw to another post at Contalmaison.

5126: 2613: 2343:

column to the left. With the column behind the two on either side, German troops had more time to get ready in the trenches and in Sausage Redoubt (

101: 6151: 5860: 5762: 2927:

On 9 July, the 23rd Division attacked south and west of Contalmaison and a German counter-attack by Infantry Regiment 183 of the 183rd Division at

2361:

had been raked by machine-gun fire, before they had got beyond the British front line and the 11th Suffolk was also bombarded by German artillery.

6734: 6572: 6559: 6516: 6425: 5953: 5520: 5167: 2050:

carefully prised out of the chalk and laid on the floor; when the bayonet was manipulated two-handed, an assistant caught the dislodged material.

1950: 1399:

attacked and gained 980–3,280 ft (300–1,000 m). The French attacks were costly and pushed forward the front line only a short distance.

6916: 6926: 6784: 2592: 2509: 2245: 1667:, near Ypres. In April, Falkenhayn had suggested a spoiling attack by the 6th Army but lack of troops and artillery, which were engaged in the 1613: 1589: 2812:

was to begin five minutes later than the rest of the brigade columns on either side which gave the Germans nearby time to recover. The German

6698: 6632: 6469: 6348: 6021: 5040: 4896: 4772: 4753: 4613: 4594: 4575: 4556: 4530: 4509: 4490: 4467: 4441: 4420: 4386: 4331: 4302: 4274: 4253: 4234: 4215: 4196: 4174: 4155: 4136: 2237: 2128: 2120: 1593: 6873: 6293: 5078: 3061: 2749: 2149: 1312: 395: 6644: 1349: 6858: 5596: 5101: 2552:

troops, who surrendered and were handed over to the 19th Division. The 57th Brigade had moved up on the left of the 58th Brigade and at

2014: 648: 584: 6843: 6133: 5535: 2756: 2299: 791: 6228: 5281: 2002: 6718: 6412: 5500: 4971: 2260: 2173: 2108:

if the initial attacks caused the German defence to collapse, the closest infantry would exploit without waiting for cavalry of the

1372: 744: 2027: 5898: 4936: 2703:

observers noted flares lit in the village during the evening, which were used to plot the positions reached by British infantry.

1265:

and failed to capture La Boisselle or Ovillers, gaining only small footholds near the boundary with XV Corps to the south and at

1160: 464: 349: 5634: 2732:

device, had eavesdropped a British telephone conversation, which made it certain that the attack was to begin the next day. The

2244:, with a third battalion in reserve in the intermediate lines and the second position. On the far side of the road opposite the 862: 530: 6969: 6774: 6754: 6541: 6477: 6300: 6169: 5073: 4993: 4931: 1576: 574: 388: 6443: 5810: 3009: 2080: 7062: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6749: 5088: 5063: 4961: 2588: 2520:

The attackers then carried on to trenches beyond and consolidated a line about 1,000 yd (910 m) wide, having taken

2317: 2165: 2157: 2136: 1279: 1248: 6802: 6744: 6739: 6703: 6637: 6529: 6375: 5958: 5348: 5276: 5207: 4976: 4946: 4941: 2640:

arrived from the 23rd Division as a reinforcement but the 9th Colberg (Graf Gneisenau) (2nd Pomeranian) Grenadiers of the

2109: 1608:

was shot and captured during a German trench raid. A second British soldier was captured when troops of the 1st Battalion

1579:

of their forerunners and a larger number of machine-guns began firing against the German lines, which did not pause every

884: 808: 5968: 2770:

and had failed to capture La Boisselle or Ovillers; only small footholds had been gained on the XV Corps boundary and at

1321:

on the right of the D 929 Albert–Bapaume road, at the junction of the D 104 to Contalmaison. On 26 September, the French

7037: 6693: 6320: 6260: 6157: 6062: 5825: 5611: 5315: 5154: 5053: 2909:

On 7 July in the III Corps area, the 68th Brigade of the 23rd Division was delayed by the barrage on Bailiff Wood until

983: 813: 643: 5928: 4729:

Military Operations, France and Belgium: Mons, the Retreat to the Seine, the Marne and the Aisne, August – October 1914

2176:(Brigadier-General T. P. B. Tiernan) and the remaining two battalions of the 103rd Brigade were to follow the columns. 1523:

to dismantle the charge and cut the firing cables. From April 1915 to January 1916, sixty-one mines were sprung around

1474: 1135: 6931: 6368: 6353: 6211: 6163: 5479: 5353: 5266: 5030: 5018: 5013: 2579: 2350: 2124: 1616:

were wiring in no man's land. The soldier got lost in fog near the Ancre and blundered into the German lines near the

1584: 1342: 1183: 1155: 968: 723: 596: 591: 187: 6145: 5540: 2325:

where 21st Division troops were encountered. The British advance had taken place at the junction of Reserve Infantry

825: 3137:

and the 102nd and 203rd brigades were swapped for the 111th and 112th brigades of the 37th Division until 21 August.

3120:

secrecy maintained during the digging had delayed their use, as their existence was unknown to the attacking troops.

2620:

when all but some ruins at the north end had been captured. The 23rd Division attacked towards the 19th Division at

1989:

being readied to bombard La Boisselle at zero hour until the flanking parties entered the village. Sausage Redoubt (

1519:

a German sapper inadvertently broke into French gallery charged with explosives; a group of volunteers took a tense

1403: 1379:

but by 29 September the French had stopped the Bavarian advance around Fricourt and La Boisselle. A night attack on

7027: 6911: 6868: 5903: 5888: 5790: 5659: 5227: 5139: 5096: 4655: 2512:(Brigadier-General F. G. M. Rowley) were put under the command of the 34th Division, to attack Sausage Redoubt. At 1946: 1672: 1637: 1252: 1130: 1120: 1098: 1032: 948: 938: 911: 739: 6853: 6193: 5800: 5654: 2895:

killed in the village and the right-hand defensive sectors on 1 July but could not give a figure for the wounded.

2116:), which was assembled 5 mi (8.0 km) west of Albert and was to advance once the roads had been cleared. 7067: 6621: 6205: 5948: 5933: 5545: 5239: 5217: 4966: 4956: 4889: 2578:

Division, which drove the British back from the east end of the village. Reinforcements from the 10th Battalion,

1557: 1178: 1150: 1105: 1088: 1044: 958: 879: 835: 830: 618: 481: 369: 6234: 6175: 6115: 6828: 6315: 6305: 6187: 5923: 5918: 5840: 5249: 5222: 4926: 3106:(Y Sap) had been evacuated before the explosion and that the 11th Company lost only eight men killed and about 2967: 2919:

heavy German barrage and lack of fresh troops. On the left the 19th Division bombers skirmished all day and at

2803:

thirty minutes before the infantry advance, which meant that its fire for the rest of the day was ineffective.

2583: 2302:(15th Royal Scots) had advanced to within 200 yd (180 m) of the German front line, before zero hour. 2043: 1964: 1609: 1605: 1388: 1145: 1083: 1059: 963: 889: 606: 601: 564: 471: 5644: 1392: 4502:

Landrecies to Cambrai: Case Studies of German Offensive and Defensive Operations on the Western Front 1914–17

4148:

Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: Sir Douglas Haig's Command to the 1st July: Battle of the Somme

2064:

could be heard below Lochnagar and above Y Sap. Lochnagar was loaded with 60,000 lb (27,000 kg) of

7032: 6899: 6891: 6833: 6593: 6288: 6051: 5963: 5878: 5873: 5845: 5805: 5664: 5649: 5624: 5505: 5382: 2952: 2904: 2872:

Wyrall, the 19th Division historian, wrote in 1932 that the capture of La Boisselle cost the division about

2565: 2152:

from reserve, were to advance either side of the Albert–Bapaume road under the command of the Reserve Army.

2144: 2132: 1396: 1330: 1322: 1308: 1291: 1202: 1110: 1071: 1049: 899: 840: 766: 503: 454: 429: 364: 320: 37: 1646:

was begun in February 1916 and was nearly complete on the Somme front when the battle began. The artillery

6666: 6390: 6325: 6181: 5908: 5835: 5785: 5770: 5752: 5725: 5639: 5606: 5271: 5232: 5212: 5023: 4916: 4859: 2943:

of the I Battalion, Grenadier Regiment 9 made it back; the village was consolidated inside a box barrage.

2688: 2305: 2164:) with one battalion leading and a supporting battalion behind, followed by a battalion detached from the 1244: 1125: 1093: 1054: 1022: 953: 921: 904: 894: 867: 776: 663: 633: 557: 552: 535: 513: 476: 434: 334: 65: 33: 6199: 3037: 1380: 6656: 6310: 5975: 5938: 5868: 5815: 5737: 5705: 5679: 5629: 5560: 5462: 5415: 5261: 5199: 5068: 4951: 2963: 2561: 2533: 2484: 1539: 1225: 1214: 1140: 1115: 973: 855: 759: 569: 268: 257: 5601: 4520: 4431: 4376: 3023: 1963:. The spurs were covered by trench networks and machine-gun posts; Thiepval Spur to the north opposite 508: 4790: 1640:) in 1915, a third defensive position another 3,000 yd (2,700 m; 1.7 mi) back from the 7006: 6921: 5575: 5550: 5525: 4882: 4724: 4208:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1918: 8th August – 26th September The Franco-British Offensive

4184: 2161: 1533: 1027: 520: 496: 439: 339: 193: 2396:

and advance along the west side of Sausage Valley just below the village. The troops get beyond the

2224:

The German defences began with a front system which had four strong points in the southern section,

6988: 6941: 6127: 5991: 5943: 5820: 5780: 5775: 5720: 5403: 5397: 5298: 4568:

The Other Side of the Wire: The Battle of the Somme. With the German XIV Reserve Corps, 1 July 1916

3056: 2373: 2283: 1675:

was overstretched, its twelve regiments holding 22 mi (36 km) of front with no reserves.

1460: 1449: 1236:. To the north-east of La Boisselle lies Ovillers; by 1916, the village was called Ovillers by the 1206: 1037: 993: 988: 803: 781: 613: 491: 486: 449: 412: 354: 53: 4413:

Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916, 2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme

2214: 6948: 6863: 6222: 6086: 6068: 6033: 5997: 5830: 5795: 5747: 5732: 5619: 5570: 5409: 5368: 5048: 4319: 2665: 2661: 2637: 2529: 2206:

and consolidate, ready to attack the German second position 800 yd (730 m) further on.

1222: 1210: 1010: 850: 771: 579: 547: 265: 261: 4823: 749: 4869: 2564:(Pioneers) attacked between La Boisselle and the Albert–Bapaume road, with the 10th Battalion, 2060:. The mines were laid without interference by German miners but as the explosives were placed, 2054:(460 mm) per day, until about 1,030 ft (310 m) long, with galleries beneath the 6981: 6975: 6936: 6838: 6671: 6254: 6109: 6092: 5893: 5715: 5695: 5530: 5515: 5445: 5433: 5293: 5134: 5111: 5058: 4796: 4768: 4749: 4732: 4636: 4609: 4590: 4571: 4552: 4526: 4505: 4486: 4463: 4437: 4416: 4392: 4382: 4356: 4337: 4327: 4298: 4270: 4266:

The War in the Air, Being the Story of the Part Played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force

4249: 4230: 4227:

When the Barrage Lifts: A Topographical History and Commentary on the Battle of the Somme 1916

4211: 4192: 4170: 4151: 4132: 4124: 2959: 2837: 2669: 2495: 2038: 1271:(Swabian heights), a field fortification in the German front line, after the explosion of the 1076: 1017: 820: 675: 444: 344: 4189:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1918: The German March Offensive and its Preliminaries

1600:. On 9 August, the arrival of the British was revealed when Private William Nicholson of the 1395:

managed to advance the French line by 980–1,310 ft (300–400 m). In early December,

288: 6039: 6009: 6003: 5913: 5742: 5710: 5700: 5439: 5363: 5358: 5286: 5106: 5006: 4864: 3081: 2358: 1668: 978: 754: 542: 525: 2675: 1556:) for the front-trench garrison and the third trench for local reserves. The trenches were 6848: 6688: 6027: 5580: 5555: 5254: 5162: 5001: 4667: 2504:

and relieved the 34th Division troops. An attack by the 58th Brigade only was ordered for

2169: 2046: 1173: 845: 670: 57: 4630: 4350: 1391:

attacked to pin down German troops but were repulsed and on 28 November an attack by the

2099:

after zero hour and the eighth lift was to fall 1,000 yd (910 m) beyond after

6681: 6661: 6332: 6045: 5883: 5674: 5565: 5421: 5325: 5308: 2716:

In the days after 1 July, it was found that the bombardment had not damaged the German

2658: 2140: 2018: 1283: 1272: 916: 786: 653: 159: 4522:

The Thirty-Fourth Division, 1915–1919: The Story of its Career from Ripon to the Rhine

2192:

after zero hour. The second objective was set at the German second intermediate line (

7021: 6792: 6080: 6074: 5510: 5427: 5338: 4292: 4264: 2625: 2354: 1986: 798: 174: 2687:

hung, or seemed to hang, for a moment in the air, like the silhouette of some great

2259:, the crater field just west of La Boisselle. The front position lay across several 2185:

about 2,000 yd (1,800 m) from the British front line and to be reached at

6242: 5669: 2113: 4460:

Bloody Victory: The Sacrifice on the Somme and the Making of the Twentieth Century

2524:

As a ruse, the 58th Brigade attack was preceded by a bombardment on Ovillers from

4352:

The 47th (London) Division, 1914–1919 by Some who Served With it in the Great War

6453: 6358: 6056: 5484: 4905: 4294:

The War in the Air Being the Part Played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force

1601: 1338: 1326: 4269:. Vol. II (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Clarendon Press. 2069: 2022: 1721: 1664: 1479:, which had been captured by the French in December and which became known as 1334: 658: 17: 4736: 4360: 4341: 2657:

The explosion of the Lochnagar and Y Sap mines was witnessed from the air by

1529:, some with 44,000–55,000 lb (20,000–25,000 kg) explosive charges. 116: 103: 6248: 6015: 4800: 2612:

the 56th Brigade of the 19th Division attacked at La Boisselle with the 7th

1960: 1486: 4396: 2005:, the XIV Reserve Corps commander and his staff out of Bapaume on 1 July.) 1967:, overlooked the ground across which the III Corps divisions must advance. 4792:

The Operational Role of British Corps Command on the Western Front 1914–18

4640: 4479: 6508: 1229: 272: 91: 4525:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: H. F. & G. Witherby. 4324:

Sagittarius Rising: The Classic Account of Flying in the First World War

1442:

each, excavated every 50 yd (46 m) and the front divided into

2498:

of the 58th Brigade (Brigadier-General A. J. W. Dowell) had arrived at

2065: 1433: 4433:

A History of the 38th (Welsh) Division: By the GSO's.I of the Division

2891:

In 2013, Whitehead calculated that Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 lost

2786:

across the road, had been fortified and entrenched, further north the

4854: 2061: 1376: 1233: 1218: 276: 95: 2489:

German trench occupied by the 9th Cheshires, La Boisselle, July 1916

2103:

a procession into the German defences of 2 mi (3.2 km) in

1255:

but the bombardment had not damaged the German deep-mined dug-outs (

2461:

a bombardment was fired on the redoubt and adjacent trenches until

1659:

bombardment, directed by ground observers on clearly marked lines.

1510:

a French counter-attack drove back the Germans and inflicted about

6676: 4849: 4824:"Lochnagar Mine Crater Memorial, La Boisselle, Somme Battlefields" 4378:

History of the 12th (Eastern) Division in the Great War, 1914–1918

2755: 2674: 2483: 2372: 2304: 2213: 2079: 2026: 1679:

Albert, opposite the 2nd Army was seen by German air observers on

1471:

digging eight galleries at the south end of La Boisselle, towards

1459: 1348: 380: 4748:(Naval & Military Press ed.). Edinburgh: Wm. Blackwood. 2931:

was repulsed with many casualties. The British attacked again at

1465:

Map of the vicinity of La Boisselle (commune FR insee code 80615)

4129:

Pyrrhic victory: French Strategy and Operations in the Great War

691: 4878: 1240:(BEF) to avoid confusion with La Boisselle, south of the road. 695: 384: 292: 4874: 4608:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Edward Arnold. 3088:

was planned but the infantry had attacked at zero hour anyway.

1982: 1366:) Reserve Division attacks towards Albert, late September 1914 1333:

attacked on 27 September between the Somme and the D 929, the

1205:, the name given by the British to the first two weeks of the 3690: 3688: 3639: 3637: 3624: 3622: 3590: 3588: 3411: 3409: 2219:

Anglo-French objectives, north bank of the Somme, 1 July 1916

1945:

The British front line from Bécourt to Authuille was held by

4690: 2836:

On 1 July, the 34th Division suffered the largest number of

4589:(Greenwood Press, NY ed.). London: Faber & Faber. 2198:) just short of Contalmaison and Pozières to be reached at 4436:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Hugh Rees. 4131:. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University. 3179: 3177: 3002:

Troops passing Lochnagar Crater, October 1916 (IWM Q 1479)

1438:(dug-outs) 20–30 ft (6.1–9.1 m) underground for 1337:

from Bapaume to Albert and Amiens, intending to reach the

4551:(Pen & Sword Military ed.). London: Leo Cooper. 4026: 4024: 3741: 3739: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3438: 3436: 3276: 3274: 3218: 3216: 1490:

and 8th companies of the 65th Infantry Regiment, taking

1341:

and then continue westwards along the Somme valley. The

4381:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Nisbet. 4167:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1916: Appendices

3795: 3793: 2761:

Daily Mail Postcard: Captured dug-out near La Boisselle

1688:

1 July, when two divisions were put under OHL control.

1209:. The village of La Boisselle forms part of the small 3756: 3754: 2692:

the infantry were over the top, the attack had begun.

4375:

Middleton Brumwell, P. (2001) . Scott, A. B. (ed.).

3237: 3235: 3233: 3231: 2558:

The Prince of Wales's (North Staffordshire Regiment)

7058:

Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom

6961: 6882: 6821: 6783: 6727: 6716: 6620: 6592: 6540: 6462: 6436: 6388: 6341: 6281: 6274: 6102: 5984: 5859: 5761: 5688: 5589: 5493: 5455: 5390: 5381: 5324: 5198: 5187: 5153: 5125: 5087: 5039: 4992: 4985: 4587:

If Germany Attacks: The Battle in Depth in the West

2172:). The two columns on the left flank were from the 1201:(1–6 July 1916) was a tactical incident during the 4478: 4066: 1500:when three more German mines were sprung close to 2988:La Boisselle mine crater, August 1916 (IWM Q 912) 2378:34th Division attack at La Boisselle, 1 July 1916 2457:), made attempts to capture the position and at 1420:two battalions of the 64th Infantry Regiment at 1290:before the troops reached the British line. The 5851:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers 4691:"La reprise de l'offensive fin 1914–début 1915" 2883:were taken. Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 lost 2741: 2684: 2628:and fighting at Horseshoe Trench went on until 1550:) to be occupied by sentry groups, the second ( 46: 4890: 4326:(2nd Penguin ed.). London: Peter Davis. 2726:on 30 June, a listening post equipped with a 2424:. The 22nd Northumberland was forced back to 707: 396: 304: 70:Battle of the Somme 1 July – 18 November 1916 8: 4765:The Chief: Douglas Haig and the British Army 3478: 3101: 2813: 2807: 2793: 2787: 2777: 2771: 2727: 2717: 2591:began to relieve the 34th Division with the 2499: 2452: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2403: 2397: 2391: 2385: 2344: 2254: 2231: 2225: 2193: 2055: 1997: 1990: 1975: 1954: 1653: 1647: 1641: 1631: 1617: 1566: 1551: 1545: 1537: 1524: 1501: 1480: 1472: 1443: 1430: 1361: 1355: 1266: 1256: 1217:about 22 mi (35 km) north-east of 3919: 3907: 2766:The III Corps divisions had lost more than 2230:(Sausage Redoubt to the British) backed by 7043:Battles of the Western Front (World War I) 6724: 6433: 6338: 6278: 5387: 5195: 4989: 4897: 4883: 4875: 3955: 3579: 3454: 714: 700: 692: 403: 389: 381: 322:Battle of Albert (1916) tactical incidents 311: 297: 289: 43: 3991: 3718: 3328: 3292: 3222: 2840:of the British divisions engaged, losing 1536:, the German Chief of the General Staff ( 7053:Battles of World War I involving Germany 6140:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary 4090: 3352: 3168: 1700: 7048:Battles of World War I involving France 6517:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 4673:CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4042: 3943: 3895: 3883: 3784: 3745: 3730: 3706: 3694: 3679: 3667: 3655: 3643: 3628: 3613: 3594: 3567: 3555: 3543: 3526: 3514: 3502: 3490: 3466: 3442: 3427: 3415: 3400: 3388: 3376: 3364: 3304: 3280: 3265: 3207: 3195: 3183: 3156: 3149: 3073: 2977: 1565:An intermediate line of strong points ( 1496:Fighting continued and on the night of 1317:In 1914, La Boisselle was a village of 4663: 4653: 4549:The German Army on the Somme 1914–1916 4165:Edmonds, J. E.; Wynne, G. C. (2010) . 4078: 3967: 3931: 3799: 3772: 3253: 3241: 6470:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia 5806:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) 4850:official site of the Lochnagar Crater 4102: 4054: 4030: 4015: 4003: 3979: 3871: 3859: 3847: 3835: 3823: 3811: 3760: 3340: 3316: 2412:The survivors still managed to reach 1425:in, having suffered many casualties. 7: 6874:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne 4248:(reprint ed.). Cambridge: CUP. 4246:Douglas Haig and the First World War 3062:Ovillers-la-Boisselle in World War I 1313:Ovillers-la-Boisselle in World War I 1275:had destroyed some of its defences. 238: 6803:Ottomans against the Triple Entente 5597:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes 2357:) and the 11th (Service) Battalion 2015:Mines on the first day of the Somme 1247:, La Boisselle was attacked by the 5536:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes 4795:(PhD). London: London University. 4570:. Vol. II. Solihull: Helion. 2624:with bombing parties from the 9th 2300:The Royal Scots (Lothian Regiment) 1974:guns, howitzers and the loan of a 1515:for several days. On the night of 25: 4865:Grimsby Roll of Honour, 1914–1919 4860:Ovillers–La Boisselle photo essay 4606:The Nineteenth Division 1914–1918 3084:(27 March – 16 April) a delay of 2310:Sausage Valley, Somme 1 July 1916 2174:102nd (Tyneside Scottish) Brigade 1360:) Reserve Division and the 28th ( 1325:attacked eastwards, north of the 27:Battle during the First World War 5899:Second Battle of the Piave River 5521:Russian invasion of East Prussia 3036: 3022: 3008: 2994: 2980: 237: 230: 167: 152: 64: 6970:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo 6170:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 4695:Historiques des Régiments 14/18 4495:– via Archive Foundation. 3082:Actions of the St. Eloi Craters 2868:and the 103rd Brigade incurred 2032:Plan view of the Lochnagar mine 6793:Austria-Hungary against Serbia 6652:Deportations from East Prussia 6449:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia 4635:. Vol. VI. London. 1916. 4477:Prior, R.; Wilson, T. (2005). 2848:and the 16th Royal Scots lost 2603:Rain fell during the night of 2166:103rd (Tyneside Irish) Brigade 1697:British offensive preparations 1: 6704:Ukrainian Canadian internment 4355:. London: Amalgamated Press. 2937: 2877: 2782:and the trench further back. 2556:the 8th (Service) Battalion, 2451:Troops near Sausage Redoubt ( 6859:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement 6158:Estonian War of Independence 5826:Southern Palestine offensive 4632:The Times History of the War 2540:and dig in near the church. 1970:The III Corps artillery had 6813:USA against Austria-Hungary 6212:Turkish War of Independence 6164:Latvian War of Independence 5889:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918 5480:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo 4746:The 23rd Division 1914–1919 4744:Sandilands, H. R. (1925) . 4430:Munby, J. E., ed. (2003) . 3129:The 34th Division had lost 2580:Royal Warwickshire Regiment 2351:Royal Lincolnshire Regiment 2150:49th (West Riding) Division 2125:2nd Indian Cavalry Division 1238:British Expeditionary Force 1184:Western Front tactics, 1917 7084: 6896:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk 6444:1899–1923 cholera pandemic 5904:Second Battle of the Marne 5791:Second battle of the Aisne 5660:Second Battle of Champagne 5501:German invasion of Belgium 4349:Maude, A. H., ed. (1922). 4229:. Norwich: Gliddon Books. 3016:Lochnagar crater, Ovillers 2902: 2281: 2012: 1638:Second Battle of Champagne 1306: 425:Battles of the Somme, 1916 31: 7002: 6677:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo) 6206:Irish War of Independence 5949:Armistice of Villa Giusti 5934:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 5546:First Battle of the Marne 4912: 4566:Whitehead, R. J. (2013). 4485:. Yale University Press. 4462:. London: Little, Brown. 4206:Edmonds, J. E. (1993a) . 2856:and the 11th Suffolk had 2844:The 15th Royal Scots had 2009:Lochnagar and Y Sap mines 1622:(beaver colony) redoubt. 731: 422: 330: 225: 212: 199: 181: 144: 74: 63: 51: 6829:Constantinople Agreement 6122:Armenian–Azerbaijani War 5985:Co-belligerent conflicts 5954:Second Romanian campaign 5924:Third Transjordan attack 5635:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive 5541:Battle of Grand Couronné 4870:Ovillers and la Boiselle 4855:La Boisselle Study Group 4519:Shakespear, J. (2001) . 4500:Rogers, D., ed. (2010). 4146:Edmonds, J. E. (1993) . 3946:, pp. 380–381, 391. 3898:, pp. 376, 391–392. 3670:, pp. 177–191, 430. 3479:Edmonds & Wynne 2010 2968:Second Battle of Bapaume 2680:Morane-Saulnier L 3-view 2584:Gloucestershire Regiment 2044:179th Tunnelling Company 1610:East Lancashire Regiment 1606:51st (Highland) Division 6892:Modus vivendi of Acroma 6844:Bulgaria–Germany treaty 6152:Greater Poland Uprising 6052:National Protection War 5929:Meuse–Argonne offensive 5879:German spring offensive 5874:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 5650:Siege of Novogeorgievsk 5625:Second Battle of Artois 5506:Battle of the Frontiers 4767:. London: Aurum Press. 4291:Jones, H. A. (2002a) . 4244:Harris, J. P. (2009) . 4187:; et al. (1995) . 4067:Middleton Brumwell 2001 3920:Prior & Wilson 2005 3908:Prior & Wilson 2005 2953:Battle of Albert (1916) 2924:north end of Ovillers. 2905:Capture of Contalmaison 2852:The Grimsby Chums lost 2821:70 per cent casualties, 2750:General Henry Rawlinson 2566:Worcestershire Regiment 2560:and bombers of the 5th 2145:19th (Western) Division 2133:12th (Eastern) Division 1309:Battle of Albert (1914) 1292:19th (Western) Division 1282:was over ground with a 1199:Capture of La Boisselle 1072:German spring offensive 47:Capture of La Boisselle 38:Battle of Albert (1916) 6917:Paris Peace Conference 6905:Ukraine–Central Powers 6699:Massacres of Albanians 6667:Late Ottoman genocides 6474:Bulgarian occupations 6182:Third Anglo-Afghan War 6146:Hungarian–Romanian War 5964:Naval Victory Bulletin 5959:Armistice with Germany 5909:Hundred Days Offensive 5836:Battle of La Malmaison 5786:Second battle of Arras 5753:Battle of Transylvania 5607:Second Battle of Ypres 5475:Sarajevo assassination 5364:South African Republic 4763:Sheffield, G. (2011). 4585:Wynne, G. C. (1976) . 4263:Jones, H. A. (2002) . 3102: 2864:the 102nd Brigade had 2814: 2808: 2794: 2788: 2778: 2772: 2763: 2754: 2728: 2718: 2700: 2682: 2568:on the left flank. At 2500: 2491: 2453: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2404: 2398: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2345: 2327:regiments 110 and 111, 2312: 2255: 2232: 2226: 2221: 2194: 2091: 2056: 2034: 1998: 1991: 1976: 1955: 1654: 1648: 1642: 1632: 1618: 1567: 1552: 1546: 1538: 1525: 1502: 1481: 1473: 1467: 1444: 1431: 1402:Attacks by the French 1368: 1362: 1356: 1288:70 per cent casualties 1267: 1257: 1245:first day on the Somme 335:First Day on the Somme 182:Commanders and leaders 34:First day on the Somme 7063:Ovillers-la-Boisselle 6927:Treaty of St. Germain 6900:Russia–Central Powers 6854:Sykes–Picot Agreement 6682:Pontic Greek genocide 6657:Destruction of Kalisz 6633:Eastern Mediterranean 6194:Polish–Lithuanian War 5976:Armistice of Belgrade 5939:Armistice of Salonica 5869:Operation Faustschlag 5816:Third Battle of Oituz 5738:Baranovichi offensive 5706:Lake Naroch offensive 5680:Battle of Robat Karim 5655:Vistula–Bug offensive 5630:Battles of the Isonzo 5561:First Battle of Ypres 4547:Sheldon, J. (2006) . 4458:Philpott, W. (2009). 2964:38th (Welsh) Division 2899:Subsequent operations 2759: 2678: 2562:South Wales Borderers 2534:Royal Welch Fusiliers 2487: 2376: 2308: 2217: 2083: 2030: 1594:26th Reserve Division 1540:Oberste Heeresleitung 1463: 1404:53rd Reserve Division 1354:Diagram of the 26th ( 1352: 1343:3rd Bavarian Division 1215:Ovillers-la-Boisselle 213:Casualties and losses 6922:Treaty of Versailles 6638:Mount Lebanon famine 6553:in the United States 6521:Russian occupations 6235:Turkish–Armenian War 6176:Polish–Ukrainian War 6116:Ukrainian–Soviet War 6063:Central Asian Revolt 5846:Armistice of Focșani 5576:Battle of Sarikamish 5526:Battle of Tannenberg 4922:Military engagements 4789:Simpson, A. (2001). 4604:Wyrall, E. (2009) . 4504:. Solihull: Helion. 4225:Gliddon, G. (1987). 2881: 350 prisoners 2826:unmitigated disaster 2129:3rd Cavalry Division 2121:1st Cavalry Division 2112:(Lieutenant-General 1949:(Lieutenant-General 1534:Erich von Falkenhayn 1243:On 1 July 1916, the 1179:French Army mutinies 1174:1914 Christmas truce 944:Hohenzollern Redoubt 585:Butte de Warlencourt 253:class=notpageimage| 194:Erich von Falkenhayn 117:50.03222°N 2.69861°E 7038:Battle of the Somme 6989:They shall not pass 6912:Treaty of Bucharest 6869:Treaty of Bucharest 6808:USA against Germany 6785:Declarations of war 6489:German occupations 6402:British casualties 6261:Soviet–Georgian War 6188:Egyptian Revolution 6128:Armeno-Georgian War 5992:Somaliland campaign 5944:Armistice of Mudros 5821:Battle of Caporetto 5811:Battle of Mărășești 5781:Zimmermann telegram 5776:February Revolution 5721:Battle of the Somme 5645:Bug-Narew Offensive 5620:Battle of Gallipoli 5612:Sinking of the RMS 5404:Scramble for Africa 5398:Franco-Prussian War 5054:Sinai and Palestine 4689:Logier, D. (2003). 4411:Miles, W. (1992) . 4093:, pp. 238–242. 4069:, pp. 169–170. 4057:, pp. 163–165. 4045:, pp. 480–481. 3733:, pp. 382–383. 3697:, pp. 381–382. 3682:, pp. 380–381. 3646:, pp. 379–380. 3631:, pp. 378–379. 3597:, pp. 377–378. 3529:, pp. 376–377. 3517:, pp. 375–376. 3481:, pp. 150–151. 3469:, pp. 373–374. 3418:, pp. 372–373. 3403:, pp. 371–372. 3379:, pp. 317–319. 3367:, pp. 316–317. 3355:, pp. 157–165. 3343:, pp. 100–103. 3319:, pp. 100–101. 3210:, pp. 46, 114. 3057:Capture of Ovillers 2284:Capture of Ovillers 2210:German preparations 2168:(Brigadier-General 2160:(Brigadier-General 1709: 1278:The advance of the 1207:Battle of the Somme 1168:Associated articles 885:Hartmannswillerkopf 745:Invasion of Belgium 628:Associated articles 113: / 54:Battle of the Somme 6949:Treaty of Lausanne 6864:Paris Economy Pact 6798:UK against Germany 6728:Entry into the war 6694:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan) 6413:Ottoman casualties 6223:Franco-Turkish War 6103:Post-War conflicts 6087:Russian Revolution 6069:Invasion of Darfur 6034:Kelantan rebellion 6022:Kurdish rebellions 5998:Mexican Revolution 5831:October Revolution 5796:Kerensky offensive 5771:Capture of Baghdad 5748:Monastir offensive 5733:Brusilov offensive 5571:Battle of Kolubara 5410:Russo-Japanese War 4828:www.greatwar.co.uk 2764: 2683: 2642:3rd Guard Division 2638:Sherwood Foresters 2582:and 8th Battalion 2530:Wiltshire Regiment 2492: 2421:Völkerbereitschaft 2381: 2313: 2242:) Reserve Division 2222: 2092: 2035: 1701: 1649:Sperrfeuerstreifen 1596:had seen a man in 1468: 1445:Sperrfeuerstreifen 1369: 221:1,601 (incomplete) 7028:Conflicts in 1916 7015: 7014: 6998: 6997: 6982:The Golden Virgin 6976:Mutilated victory 6957: 6956: 6937:Treaty of Trianon 6932:Treaty of Neuilly 6839:Damascus Protocol 6712: 6711: 6672:Armenian genocide 6629:Allied blockades 6601:Belgian refugees 6384: 6383: 6294:Strategic bombing 6270: 6269: 6255:Franco-Syrian War 6229:Greco-Turkish War 6217:Anglo-Turkish War 6200:Polish–Soviet War 6134:German Revolution 6110:Russian Civil War 6093:Finnish Civil War 5919:Battle of Megiddo 5894:Battle of Goychay 5841:Battle of Cambrai 5801:Battle of Mărăști 5716:Battle of Jutland 5696:Erzurum offensive 5551:Siege of Przemyśl 5531:Siege of Tsingtao 5516:Battle of Galicia 5446:Second Balkan War 5434:Italo-Turkish War 5391:Pre-War conflicts 5377: 5376: 5267:Portuguese Empire 5183: 5182: 5145:German New Guinea 5127:Asian and Pacific 4774:978-1-84513-691-8 4755:978-1-84342-641-7 4656:cite encyclopedia 4615:978-1-84342-208-2 4596:978-0-8371-5029-1 4577:978-1-907677-12-0 4558:978-1-84415-269-8 4532:978-1-84342-050-7 4511:978-1-906033-76-7 4492:978-0-300-10694-7 4469:978-1-4087-0108-9 4443:978-1-84342-583-0 4422:978-0-901627-76-6 4388:978-1-84342-228-0 4333:978-0-14-004367-9 4304:978-1-84342-415-4 4276:978-1-84342-413-0 4255:978-0-521-89802-7 4236:978-0-947893-02-6 4217:978-0-89839-191-6 4198:978-0-89839-219-7 4176:978-1-84574-730-5 4157:978-0-89839-185-5 4138:978-0-674-01880-8 4033:, pp. 54–57. 4018:, pp. 40–41. 4006:, pp. 33–34. 3922:, pp. 93–99. 3910:, pp. 92–93. 3850:, pp. 21–22. 3838:, pp. 20–21. 3814:, pp. 12–13. 3307:, pp. 63–65. 3295:, pp. 9, 39. 3256:, pp. 57–58. 3186:, pp. 22–26. 2960:Operation Michael 2941: 100 troops 2768:11,000 casualties 2573:village and took 2405:Alte Jägerstrasse 2003:Hermann von Stein 1943: 1942: 1708: 1577:live-and-let-live 1373:XIV Reserve Corps 1331:II Bavarian Corps 1263:11,000 casualties 1192: 1191: 1018:Nivelle offensive 792:Trouée de Charmes 689: 688: 676:Thiepval Memorial 531:Flers–Courcelette 378: 377: 287: 286: 140: 139: 122:50.03222; 2.69861 16:(Redirected from 7075: 7068:July 1916 events 6942:Treaty of Sèvres 6834:Treaty of London 6725: 6503:Northeast France 6434: 6406:Parliamentarians 6339: 6301:Chemical weapons 6279: 6040:Senussi campaign 6010:Muscat rebellion 6004:Maritz rebellion 5972: 5914:Vardar offensive 5743:Battle of Romani 5711:Battle of Asiago 5701:Battle of Verdun 5665:Kosovo offensive 5440:First Balkan War 5388: 5287:Russian Republic 5196: 4990: 4932:Economic history 4899: 4892: 4885: 4876: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4778: 4759: 4740: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4678: 4671: 4665: 4661: 4659: 4651: 4649: 4647: 4619: 4600: 4581: 4562: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4515: 4496: 4484: 4473: 4454: 4452: 4450: 4426: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4345: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4287: 4285: 4283: 4259: 4240: 4221: 4202: 4180: 4161: 4142: 4106: 4100: 4094: 4088: 4082: 4076: 4070: 4064: 4058: 4052: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4028: 4019: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3959: 3953: 3947: 3941: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3851: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3821: 3815: 3809: 3803: 3797: 3788: 3782: 3776: 3770: 3764: 3758: 3749: 3743: 3734: 3728: 3722: 3716: 3710: 3704: 3698: 3692: 3683: 3677: 3671: 3665: 3659: 3653: 3647: 3641: 3632: 3626: 3617: 3611: 3598: 3592: 3583: 3577: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3553: 3547: 3541: 3530: 3524: 3518: 3512: 3506: 3500: 3494: 3488: 3482: 3476: 3470: 3464: 3458: 3452: 3446: 3440: 3431: 3425: 3419: 3413: 3404: 3398: 3392: 3386: 3380: 3374: 3368: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3278: 3269: 3263: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3226: 3220: 3211: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3172: 3166: 3160: 3154: 3138: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3121: 3117: 3111: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3095: 3089: 3087: 3078: 3044:Lochnagar crater 3040: 3030:Lochnagar crater 3026: 3012: 2998: 2984: 2957: 2942: 2939: 2934: 2930: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2879: 2875: 2874:3,500 casualties 2871: 2867: 2866:2,324 casualties 2863: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2822: 2817: 2811: 2802: 2797: 2791: 2781: 2775: 2769: 2752: 2739: 2731: 2725: 2721: 2719:minierte Stollen 2698: 2648: 2635: 2631: 2623: 2619: 2611: 2606: 2576: 2571: 2555: 2551: 2539: 2527: 2523: 2515: 2507: 2503: 2494:By dawn the 9th 2474: 2469: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2446: 2442: 2433: 2429: 2423: 2417: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2389: 2359:Suffolk Regiment 2348: 2341: 2328: 2323: 2296: 2291: 2258: 2235: 2229: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2191: 2188: 2183: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2059: 2001: 1994: 1979: 1973: 1958: 1951:William Pulteney 1710: 1706: 1686: 1682: 1669:Battle of Verdun 1657: 1651: 1645: 1636:(Autumn Battle, 1635: 1621: 1582: 1570: 1564: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1528: 1522: 1518: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1499: 1493: 1484: 1478: 1447: 1441: 1437: 1423: 1418: 1409: 1386: 1365: 1359: 1320: 1289: 1270: 1264: 1260: 1258:minierte Stollen 1203:Battle of Albert 1131:St Quentin Canal 726: 716: 709: 702: 693: 634:Hébuterne (1915) 597:Schwaben Redoubt 417: 415: 405: 398: 391: 382: 325: 323: 313: 306: 299: 290: 241: 240: 234: 177: 173: 171: 170: 162: 158: 156: 155: 128: 127: 125: 124: 123: 118: 114: 111: 110: 109: 106: 76: 75: 68: 44: 21: 7083: 7082: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7073: 7072: 7018: 7017: 7016: 7011: 6994: 6953: 6885: 6878: 6849:Treaty of Darin 6817: 6779: 6735:Austria-Hungary 6721: 6708: 6689:Rape of Belgium 6616: 6588: 6536: 6530:Western Armenia 6525:Eastern Galicia 6458: 6432: 6396: 6395:Civilian impact 6394: 6380: 6337: 6266: 6098: 6028:Ovambo Uprising 5980: 5966: 5855: 5757: 5684: 5602:Battle of Łomża 5585: 5581:Christmas truce 5556:Race to the Sea 5489: 5451: 5373: 5344:Austria-Hungary 5320: 5255:Empire of Japan 5192: 5190: 5179: 5163:U-boat campaign 5149: 5121: 5083: 5035: 4981: 4962:Popular culture 4908: 4903: 4846: 4841: 4832: 4830: 4821: 4805: 4803: 4788: 4775: 4762: 4756: 4743: 4723: 4714: 4712:Further reading 4709: 4700: 4698: 4688: 4672: 4662: 4652: 4645: 4643: 4629: 4616: 4603: 4597: 4584: 4578: 4565: 4559: 4546: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4518: 4512: 4499: 4493: 4476: 4470: 4457: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4429: 4423: 4410: 4401: 4399: 4389: 4374: 4365: 4363: 4348: 4334: 4318: 4309: 4307: 4305: 4290: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4262: 4256: 4243: 4237: 4224: 4218: 4205: 4199: 4183: 4177: 4164: 4158: 4145: 4139: 4123: 4114: 4109: 4101: 4097: 4089: 4085: 4077: 4073: 4065: 4061: 4053: 4049: 4041: 4037: 4029: 4022: 4014: 4010: 4002: 3998: 3990: 3986: 3978: 3974: 3966: 3962: 3956:Shakespear 2001 3954: 3950: 3942: 3938: 3930: 3926: 3918: 3914: 3906: 3902: 3894: 3890: 3882: 3878: 3870: 3866: 3858: 3854: 3846: 3842: 3834: 3830: 3822: 3818: 3810: 3806: 3798: 3791: 3783: 3779: 3771: 3767: 3759: 3752: 3744: 3737: 3729: 3725: 3717: 3713: 3705: 3701: 3693: 3686: 3678: 3674: 3666: 3662: 3654: 3650: 3642: 3635: 3627: 3620: 3612: 3601: 3593: 3586: 3580:Shakespear 2001 3578: 3574: 3566: 3562: 3554: 3550: 3542: 3533: 3525: 3521: 3513: 3509: 3501: 3497: 3489: 3485: 3477: 3473: 3465: 3461: 3455:Shakespear 2001 3453: 3449: 3441: 3434: 3426: 3422: 3414: 3407: 3399: 3395: 3387: 3383: 3375: 3371: 3363: 3359: 3351: 3347: 3339: 3335: 3327: 3323: 3315: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3291: 3287: 3279: 3272: 3264: 3260: 3252: 3248: 3240: 3229: 3221: 3214: 3206: 3202: 3194: 3190: 3182: 3175: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3142: 3141: 3134: 3130: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3114: 3107: 3097: 3096: 3092: 3085: 3079: 3075: 3070: 3053: 3046: 3045: 3041: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3004: 3003: 2999: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2976: 2955: 2949: 2940: 2932: 2928: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2907: 2901: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2858:527 casualties. 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2834: 2820: 2800: 2767: 2762: 2753: 2748: 2737: 2723: 2714: 2709: 2699: 2696: 2681: 2655: 2646: 2633: 2629: 2621: 2617: 2609: 2604: 2601: 2574: 2569: 2553: 2549: 2546: 2537: 2525: 2521: 2513: 2505: 2490: 2482: 2472: 2467: 2462: 2458: 2444: 2440: 2431: 2379: 2371: 2339: 2326: 2321: 2311: 2294: 2289: 2286: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2220: 2212: 2203: 2199: 2189: 2186: 2181: 2170:Neville Cameron 2141:Pals battalions 2104: 2100: 2096: 2090: 2078: 2047:Royal Engineers 2033: 2025: 2011: 1999:Generalleutnant 1971: 1840: 1824: 1717: 1705: 1699: 1694: 1684: 1680: 1655:Stützpunktlinie 1643:Stützpunktlinie 1628: 1602:6th Black Watch 1580: 1568:Stützpunktlinie 1562: 1520: 1516: 1512:150 casualties. 1511: 1507: 1497: 1491: 1466: 1458: 1439: 1421: 1416: 1407: 1384: 1367: 1318: 1315: 1307:Main articles: 1305: 1300: 1287: 1262: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1188: 1165: 969:Vimy Ridge 1916 846:Race to the Sea 814:1st St. Quentin 736: 727: 722: 720: 690: 685: 671:Leipzig Salient 639:Order of Battle 625: 418: 414:Somme Offensive 413: 411: 409: 379: 374: 326: 321: 319: 317: 283: 282: 281: 280: 279: 255: 249: 248: 247: 246: 242: 168: 166: 165: 153: 151: 150: 136:British victory 121: 119: 115: 112: 107: 104: 102: 100: 99: 98: 69: 58:First World War 40: 32:Main articles: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7081: 7079: 7071: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7033:1916 in France 7030: 7020: 7019: 7013: 7012: 7010: 7009: 7003: 7000: 6999: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6992: 6985: 6978: 6973: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6958: 6955: 6954: 6952: 6951: 6946: 6945: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6914: 6909: 6908: 6907: 6902: 6894: 6888: 6886: 6884:Peace treaties 6883: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6825: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6789: 6787: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6777: 6772: 6770:United Kingdom 6767: 6762: 6760:Ottoman Empire 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6731: 6729: 6722: 6717: 6714: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6685: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6664: 6662:Sack of Dinant 6659: 6654: 6649: 6648: 6647: 6642: 6641: 6640: 6626: 6624: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6612: 6610:United Kingdom 6607: 6598: 6596: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6586: 6585: 6584: 6579: 6570: 6564:POW locations 6562: 6557: 6556: 6555: 6546: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6535: 6534: 6533: 6532: 6527: 6519: 6514: 6513: 6512: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6487: 6486: 6485: 6480: 6472: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6440: 6438: 6431: 6430: 6429: 6428: 6423: 6415: 6410: 6409: 6408: 6399: 6397: 6389: 6386: 6385: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6378: 6373: 6372: 6371: 6364:United Kingdom 6361: 6359:Ottoman Empire 6356: 6351: 6345: 6343: 6336: 6335: 6333:Trench warfare 6330: 6329: 6328: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6297: 6296: 6285: 6283: 6276: 6272: 6271: 6268: 6267: 6265: 6264: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6240: 6239: 6238: 6232: 6226: 6220: 6209: 6203: 6197: 6191: 6185: 6179: 6173: 6167: 6161: 6155: 6149: 6143: 6137: 6131: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6106: 6104: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6096: 6090: 6084: 6078: 6072: 6066: 6060: 6054: 6049: 6046:Volta-Bani War 6043: 6037: 6031: 6025: 6019: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5995: 5988: 5986: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5978: 5973: 5961: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5884:Zeebrugge Raid 5881: 5876: 5871: 5865: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5767: 5765: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5729: 5728: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5685: 5683: 5682: 5677: 5675:Battle of Loos 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5593: 5591: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5566:Black Sea raid 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5497: 5495: 5491: 5490: 5488: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5471: 5470: 5468:Historiography 5459: 5457: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5449: 5443: 5437: 5431: 5425: 5422:Bosnian Crisis 5419: 5416:Tangier Crisis 5413: 5407: 5401: 5394: 5392: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5375: 5374: 5372: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5349:Ottoman Empire 5346: 5341: 5336: 5330: 5328: 5326:Central Powers 5322: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5313: 5312: 5311: 5309:British Empire 5304:United Kingdom 5301: 5296: 5291: 5290: 5289: 5284: 5282:Russian Empire 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5258: 5257: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5236: 5235: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5204: 5202: 5200:Entente Powers 5193: 5188: 5185: 5184: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5177: 5172: 5171: 5170: 5168:North Atlantic 5159: 5157: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5131: 5129: 5123: 5122: 5120: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5093: 5091: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5081: 5079:Central Arabia 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5045: 5043: 5041:Middle Eastern 5037: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5016: 5011: 5010: 5009: 4998: 4996: 4987: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4942:Historiography 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4913: 4910: 4909: 4904: 4902: 4901: 4894: 4887: 4879: 4873: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4845: 4844:External links 4842: 4840: 4839: 4813: 4812: 4780: 4779: 4773: 4760: 4754: 4741: 4725:Edmonds, J. E. 4720: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4680: 4679: 4624:Encyclopaedias 4621: 4620: 4614: 4601: 4595: 4582: 4576: 4563: 4557: 4544: 4531: 4516: 4510: 4497: 4491: 4474: 4468: 4455: 4442: 4427: 4421: 4408: 4387: 4372: 4346: 4332: 4316: 4303: 4288: 4275: 4260: 4254: 4241: 4235: 4222: 4216: 4203: 4197: 4185:Edmonds, J. E. 4181: 4175: 4162: 4156: 4143: 4137: 4125:Doughty, R. A. 4120: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4107: 4095: 4083: 4081:, p. 319. 4071: 4059: 4047: 4035: 4020: 4008: 3996: 3994:, p. 306. 3992:Whitehead 2013 3984: 3972: 3960: 3948: 3936: 3934:, p. 231. 3924: 3912: 3900: 3888: 3886:, p. 392. 3876: 3874:, p. 212. 3864: 3852: 3840: 3828: 3816: 3804: 3789: 3787:, p. 186. 3777: 3775:, p. 240. 3765: 3750: 3748:, p. 384. 3735: 3723: 3721:, p. 294. 3719:Whitehead 2013 3711: 3709:, p. 382. 3699: 3684: 3672: 3660: 3658:, p. 379. 3648: 3633: 3618: 3616:, p. 159. 3599: 3584: 3572: 3570:, p. 158. 3560: 3558:, p. 376. 3548: 3546:, p. 372. 3531: 3519: 3507: 3505:, p. 307. 3495: 3493:, p. 267. 3483: 3471: 3459: 3447: 3445:, p. 375. 3432: 3420: 3405: 3393: 3391:, p. 415. 3381: 3369: 3357: 3345: 3333: 3331:, p. 290. 3329:Whitehead 2013 3321: 3309: 3297: 3293:The Times 1916 3285: 3270: 3258: 3246: 3227: 3223:The Times 1916 3212: 3200: 3188: 3173: 3161: 3159:, p. 338. 3148: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3122: 3112: 3090: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3064: 3059: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3042: 3035: 3033: 3029: 3028: 3021: 3019: 3015: 3014: 3007: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2993: 2991: 2987: 2986: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2948: 2945: 2903:Main article: 2900: 2897: 2846:513 casualties 2833: 2830: 2760: 2746: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2694: 2679: 2670:Morane Parasol 2659:2nd Lieutenant 2654: 2653:Air operations 2651: 2600: 2597: 2575:123 prisoners. 2545: 2542: 2526:3:30–4:00 p.m. 2488: 2481: 2478: 2430:, where about 2427:Kaufmanngraben 2415:Quergraben III 2399:Kaufmanngraben 2377: 2370: 2367: 2309: 2295:80 per cent of 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2253:lines, except 2218: 2211: 2208: 2119:Gough had the 2084: 2077: 2074: 2031: 2019:Lochnagar mine 2010: 2007: 1987:Stokes mortars 1941: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1913: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1857: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1843: 1842: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1827: 1826: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1797: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1769: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1755: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1741: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1707:June–July 1916 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1685:14 observation 1633:Herbstschlacht 1627: 1624: 1492:107 prisoners. 1464: 1457: 1454: 1353: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1273:Lochnagar mine 1190: 1189: 1187: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1164: 1163: 1161:Lys and Escaut 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1063: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1015: 1008: 997: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 930: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 908: 907: 897: 892: 890:Neuve Chapelle 887: 882: 871: 870: 865: 863:Winter actions 860: 859: 858: 853: 843: 838: 833: 828: 826:Grand Couronné 823: 818: 817: 816: 811: 806: 796: 795: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 764: 763: 762: 757: 752: 742: 732: 729: 728: 721: 719: 718: 711: 704: 696: 687: 686: 684: 683: 678: 673: 668: 667: 666: 664:Hawthorn Ridge 661: 656: 646: 641: 636: 624: 623: 622: 621: 619:Beaumont-Hamel 611: 610: 609: 604: 599: 589: 588: 587: 582: 577: 567: 565:Thiepval Ridge 562: 561: 560: 555: 550: 540: 539: 538: 528: 523: 518: 517: 516: 506: 501: 500: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 472:Bazentin Ridge 469: 468: 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 423: 420: 419: 410: 408: 407: 400: 393: 385: 376: 375: 373: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 342: 337: 331: 328: 327: 318: 316: 315: 308: 301: 293: 285: 284: 275:, in northern 256: 251: 250: 244: 243: 236: 235: 229: 228: 227: 226: 223: 222: 219: 215: 214: 210: 209: 206: 202: 201: 197: 196: 190: 184: 183: 179: 178: 163: 147: 146: 142: 141: 138: 137: 134: 130: 129: 90: 88: 84: 83: 80: 72: 71: 61: 60: 49: 48: 42: 41: 26: 24: 18:Sausage Valley 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7080: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7025: 7023: 7008: 7005: 7004: 7001: 6991: 6990: 6986: 6984: 6983: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6971: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6960: 6950: 6947: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6919: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6897: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6889: 6887: 6881: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6820: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6790: 6788: 6786: 6782: 6776: 6775:United States 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6732: 6730: 6726: 6723: 6720: 6715: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6669: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6646: 6643: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6634: 6631: 6630: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6619: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6591: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6543: 6539: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6511: 6510: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6461: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6435: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6400: 6398: 6392: 6387: 6377: 6376:United States 6374: 6370: 6367: 6366: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6340: 6334: 6331: 6327: 6326:Convoy system 6324: 6323: 6322: 6321:Naval warfare 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6295: 6292: 6291: 6290: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6280: 6277: 6273: 6262: 6259: 6256: 6253: 6250: 6247: 6244: 6241: 6236: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6224: 6221: 6218: 6215: 6214: 6213: 6210: 6207: 6204: 6201: 6198: 6195: 6192: 6189: 6186: 6183: 6180: 6177: 6174: 6171: 6168: 6165: 6162: 6159: 6156: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6144: 6141: 6138: 6135: 6132: 6129: 6126: 6123: 6120: 6117: 6114: 6111: 6108: 6107: 6105: 6101: 6094: 6091: 6088: 6085: 6082: 6081:Kaocen revolt 6079: 6076: 6075:Easter Rising 6073: 6070: 6067: 6064: 6061: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6041: 6038: 6035: 6032: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6002: 5999: 5996: 5993: 5990: 5989: 5987: 5983: 5977: 5974: 5970: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5858: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5727: 5724: 5723: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5687: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5640:Great Retreat 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5615: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5511:Battle of Cer 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5492: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5469: 5466: 5465: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5447: 5444: 5441: 5438: 5435: 5432: 5429: 5428:Agadir Crisis 5426: 5423: 5420: 5417: 5414: 5411: 5408: 5405: 5402: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5317: 5316:United States 5314: 5310: 5307: 5306: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5279: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5256: 5253: 5252: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5234: 5233:French Empire 5231: 5230: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5194: 5186: 5176: 5175:Mediterranean 5173: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5161: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5155:Naval warfare 5152: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5124: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5086: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5038: 5032: 5031:Italian Front 5029: 5025: 5022: 5021: 5020: 5019:Eastern Front 5017: 5015: 5014:Western Front 5012: 5008: 5005: 5004: 5003: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4972:Puppet states 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4914: 4911: 4907: 4900: 4895: 4893: 4888: 4886: 4881: 4880: 4877: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4829: 4825: 4820: 4819: 4818: 4817: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4785: 4784: 4776: 4770: 4766: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4747: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4718: 4711: 4696: 4692: 4687: 4686: 4685: 4684: 4676: 4669: 4657: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4633: 4628: 4627: 4626: 4625: 4617: 4611: 4607: 4602: 4598: 4592: 4588: 4583: 4579: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4560: 4554: 4550: 4545: 4534: 4528: 4524: 4523: 4517: 4513: 4507: 4503: 4498: 4494: 4488: 4483: 4482: 4475: 4471: 4465: 4461: 4456: 4445: 4439: 4435: 4434: 4428: 4424: 4418: 4414: 4409: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4384: 4380: 4379: 4373: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4353: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4306: 4300: 4296: 4295: 4289: 4278: 4272: 4268: 4267: 4261: 4257: 4251: 4247: 4242: 4238: 4232: 4228: 4223: 4219: 4213: 4209: 4204: 4200: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4159: 4153: 4149: 4144: 4140: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4118: 4111: 4105:, p. 51. 4104: 4099: 4096: 4092: 4091:Edmonds 1993a 4087: 4084: 4080: 4075: 4072: 4068: 4063: 4060: 4056: 4051: 4048: 4044: 4039: 4036: 4032: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4000: 3997: 3993: 3988: 3985: 3982:, p. 12. 3981: 3976: 3973: 3970:, p. 47. 3969: 3964: 3961: 3958:, p. 52. 3957: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3940: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3925: 3921: 3916: 3913: 3909: 3904: 3901: 3897: 3892: 3889: 3885: 3880: 3877: 3873: 3868: 3865: 3862:, p. 90. 3861: 3856: 3853: 3849: 3844: 3841: 3837: 3832: 3829: 3826:, p. 13. 3825: 3820: 3817: 3813: 3808: 3805: 3802:, p. 41. 3801: 3796: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3769: 3766: 3762: 3757: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3742: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3727: 3724: 3720: 3715: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3700: 3696: 3691: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3664: 3661: 3657: 3652: 3649: 3645: 3640: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3625: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3591: 3589: 3585: 3582:, p. 39. 3581: 3576: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3561: 3557: 3552: 3549: 3545: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3508: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3492: 3487: 3484: 3480: 3475: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3460: 3457:, p. 37. 3456: 3451: 3448: 3444: 3439: 3437: 3433: 3430:, p. 38. 3429: 3424: 3421: 3417: 3412: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3394: 3390: 3385: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3370: 3366: 3361: 3358: 3354: 3353:Philpott 2009 3349: 3346: 3342: 3337: 3334: 3330: 3325: 3322: 3318: 3313: 3310: 3306: 3301: 3298: 3294: 3289: 3286: 3283:, p. 62. 3282: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3268:, p. 56. 3267: 3262: 3259: 3255: 3250: 3247: 3243: 3238: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3201: 3198:, p. 38. 3197: 3192: 3189: 3185: 3180: 3178: 3174: 3171:, p. 28. 3170: 3169:Philpott 2009 3165: 3162: 3158: 3153: 3150: 3144: 3126: 3123: 3116: 3113: 3104: 3094: 3091: 3086:30–60 seconds 3083: 3077: 3074: 3067: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3054: 3050: 3039: 3034: 3025: 3020: 3011: 3006: 2997: 2992: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2954: 2946: 2944: 2925: 2906: 2898: 2896: 2870:1,968 losses. 2839: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2816: 2810: 2804: 2796: 2790: 2783: 2780: 2774: 2758: 2751: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2720: 2711: 2706: 2704: 2693: 2690: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2652: 2650: 2643: 2639: 2627: 2626:Green Howards 2615: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2590: 2589:23rd Division 2585: 2581: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2543: 2541: 2535: 2531: 2522:58 prisoners. 2518: 2511: 2502: 2497: 2486: 2479: 2477: 2455: 2449: 2436: 2428: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2406: 2400: 2394: 2388: 2375: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2360: 2356: 2355:Grimsby Chums 2352: 2347: 2335: 2331: 2319: 2318:21st Division 2307: 2303: 2301: 2285: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2257: 2250: 2247: 2243: 2241: 2234: 2228: 2216: 2209: 2207: 2196: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2158:101st Brigade 2153: 2151: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2137:25th Division 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2117: 2115: 2111: 2088: 2082: 2075: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2058: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2040: 2029: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2008: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1993: 1988: 1984: 1978: 1968: 1966: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1948: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1828: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1715: 1712: 1711: 1704: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1681:9 and 11 June 1676: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1660: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1619:Biber Kolonie 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1590:52nd Division 1586: 1578: 1572: 1569: 1559: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1541: 1535: 1530: 1527: 1504: 1494: 1488: 1483: 1477: 1476: 1462: 1455: 1453: 1451: 1446: 1436: 1435: 1426: 1412: 1405: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1364: 1358: 1351: 1347: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1323:11th Division 1314: 1310: 1302: 1297: 1295: 1293: 1285: 1281: 1280:103rd Brigade 1276: 1274: 1269: 1259: 1254: 1250: 1249:34th Division 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1136:Meuse-Argonne 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1079: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1050:Passchendaele 1048: 1046: 1043: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1003: 1002: 1001: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 957: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 936: 935: 934: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 912:2nd Champagne 910: 906: 903: 902: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 880:1st Champagne 878: 877: 876: 875: 869: 866: 864: 861: 857: 854: 852: 849: 848: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 822: 819: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 801: 800: 799:Great Retreat 797: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 769: 768: 765: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 747: 746: 743: 741: 738: 737: 735: 730: 725: 724:Western Front 717: 712: 710: 705: 703: 698: 697: 694: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 651: 650: 649:Mines, 1 July 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 631: 630: 629: 620: 617: 616: 615: 612: 608: 607:Regina Trench 605: 603: 602:Stuff Redoubt 600: 598: 595: 594: 593: 592:Ancre Heights 590: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 572: 571: 568: 566: 563: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 545: 544: 541: 537: 534: 533: 532: 529: 527: 524: 522: 519: 515: 512: 511: 510: 507: 505: 504:Delville Wood 502: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 474: 473: 470: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 436: 433: 432: 431: 428: 427: 426: 421: 416: 406: 401: 399: 394: 392: 387: 386: 383: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 341: 338: 336: 333: 332: 329: 324: 314: 309: 307: 302: 300: 295: 294: 291: 278: 274: 270: 267: 263: 259: 254: 233: 224: 220: 217: 216: 211: 207: 204: 203: 198: 195: 191: 189: 186: 185: 180: 176: 164: 161: 149: 148: 143: 135: 132: 131: 126: 97: 93: 89: 86: 85: 82:1–6 July 1916 81: 78: 77: 73: 67: 62: 59: 55: 50: 45: 39: 35: 30: 19: 6987: 6980: 6968: 6575: / 6507: 6342:Conscription 6306:Cryptography 6243:Iraqi Revolt 5670:Siege of Kut 5613: 5191:participants 5140:German Samoa 5074:South Arabia 4831:. Retrieved 4827: 4815: 4814: 4804:. Retrieved 4791: 4782: 4781: 4764: 4745: 4728: 4716: 4715: 4699:. Retrieved 4694: 4682: 4681: 4644:. Retrieved 4631: 4623: 4622: 4605: 4586: 4567: 4548: 4536:. Retrieved 4521: 4501: 4480: 4459: 4447:. Retrieved 4432: 4412: 4400:. Retrieved 4377: 4364:. Retrieved 4351: 4323: 4320:Lewis, C. A. 4308:. Retrieved 4293: 4280:. Retrieved 4265: 4245: 4226: 4207: 4188: 4166: 4147: 4128: 4116: 4115: 4098: 4086: 4074: 4062: 4050: 4043:Edmonds 1995 4038: 4011: 3999: 3987: 3975: 3963: 3951: 3944:Edmonds 1993 3939: 3927: 3915: 3903: 3896:Edmonds 1993 3891: 3884:Edmonds 1993 3879: 3867: 3855: 3843: 3831: 3819: 3807: 3785:Sheldon 2006 3780: 3768: 3763:, p. 7. 3746:Edmonds 1993 3731:Edmonds 1993 3726: 3714: 3707:Edmonds 1993 3702: 3695:Edmonds 1993 3680:Edmonds 1993 3675: 3668:Edmonds 1993 3663: 3656:Edmonds 1993 3651: 3644:Edmonds 1993 3629:Edmonds 1993 3614:Sheldon 2006 3595:Edmonds 1993 3575: 3568:Sheldon 2006 3563: 3556:Edmonds 1993 3551: 3544:Edmonds 1993 3527:Edmonds 1993 3522: 3515:Edmonds 1993 3510: 3503:Edmonds 1993 3498: 3491:Edmonds 1993 3486: 3474: 3467:Edmonds 1993 3462: 3450: 3443:Edmonds 1993 3428:Edmonds 1993 3423: 3416:Edmonds 1993 3401:Edmonds 1993 3396: 3389:Gliddon 1987 3384: 3377:Edmonds 1993 3372: 3365:Edmonds 1993 3360: 3348: 3336: 3324: 3312: 3305:Sheldon 2006 3300: 3288: 3281:Sheldon 2006 3266:Sheldon 2006 3261: 3249: 3225:, p. 9. 3208:Doughty 2005 3203: 3196:Sheldon 2006 3191: 3184:Sheldon 2006 3164: 3157:Gliddon 1987 3152: 3125: 3115: 3093: 3076: 2956:(1–13 July), 2950: 2926: 2908: 2835: 2825: 2809:Schwabenhöhe 2805: 2784: 2779:Schwabenhöhe 2773:Schwabenhöhe 2765: 2742: 2733: 2722:and that at 2715: 2701: 2685: 2656: 2602: 2593:69th Brigade 2547: 2532:and the 9th 2519: 2510:56th Brigade 2501:Schwabenhöhe 2493: 2450: 2437: 2411: 2393:Schwabenhöhe 2387:Schwabenhöhe 2382: 2363: 2336: 2332: 2314: 2287: 2251: 2246:8th Division 2239: 2233:Schwabenhöhe 2223: 2195:Keisergraben 2178: 2154: 2118: 2114:Hubert Gough 2110:Reserve Army 2105:107 minutes. 2093: 2086: 2085:Plan of the 2076:British plan 2057:Schwabenhöhe 2052: 2036: 1969: 1944: 1702: 1677: 1661: 1629: 1614:4th Division 1598:a brown suit 1597: 1583:like French 1573: 1531: 1498:6/7 February 1495: 1469: 1427: 1413: 1401: 1370: 1316: 1277: 1268:Schwabenhöhe 1242: 1232:in northern 1198: 1196: 1167: 1166: 1126:Saint-Mihiel 1094:Belleau Wood 1077: 1065: 1064: 1055:La Malmaison 1011: 999: 998: 964:Kink Salient 932: 931: 927:Gas: Wieltje 873: 872: 733: 627: 626: 514:Mouquet Farm 460:La Boisselle 459: 455:Contalmaison 424: 365:Contalmaison 360:La Boisselle 359: 258:La Boisselle 245:La Boisselle 188:Douglas Haig 145:Belligerents 52:Part of the 29: 6605:Netherlands 6582:Switzerland 6463:Occupations 6454:Spanish flu 6231:(1919–1922) 6225:(1918–1921) 6219:(1918–1923) 6208:(1919–1921) 6202:(1919–1921) 6196:(1919–1920) 6172:(1918–1920) 6166:(1918–1920) 6160:(1918–1920) 6142:(1918–1920) 6124:(1918–1920) 6118:(1917–1921) 6112:(1917–1921) 6059:(1916-1918) 6057:Arab Revolt 6048:(1915–1917) 6042:(1915–1917) 6030:(1914-1917) 6024:(1914–1917) 6018:(1914–1921) 6012:(1913–1920) 6000:(1910–1920) 5994:(1900–1920) 5967: [ 5485:July Crisis 5406:(1880–1914) 5069:Mesopotamia 4947:Home fronts 4906:World War I 4697:(in French) 4664:|work= 4079:Jones 2002a 3968:Wyrall 2009 3932:Harris 2009 3800:Wyrall 2009 3773:Wyrall 2009 3254:Rogers 2010 3242:Logier 2003 3135:1 to 5 July 2966:during the 2916:10:00 a.m., 2738:10:17 p.m., 2697:Cecil Lewis 2668:, flying a 2278:Right flank 2162:Robert Gore 2101:22 minutes, 1547:Kampfgraben 1417:10:30 a.m., 1357:Württemberg 1339:River Ancre 1327:River Somme 1146:2nd Cambrai 984:Boar's Head 974:Mont Sorrel 681:Ancre, 1917 644:Boar's Head 570:Le Transloy 558:Gueudecourt 536:Martinpuich 482:Trônes Wood 370:Trônes Wood 208:3 regiments 205:2 divisions 120: / 7022:Categories 6822:Agreements 6622:War crimes 6498:Luxembourg 6391:Casualties 5262:Montenegro 5097:South West 4977:Technology 4967:Propaganda 4957:Opposition 4701:19 October 4646:19 October 4538:19 October 4449:19 October 4402:19 October 4366:19 October 4310:19 October 4282:19 October 4112:References 4103:Munby 2003 4055:Maude 1922 4031:Miles 1992 4016:Miles 1992 4004:Miles 1992 3980:Miles 1992 3872:Jones 2002 3860:Lewis 1977 3848:Miles 1992 3836:Miles 1992 3824:Miles 1992 3812:Miles 1992 3761:Miles 1992 3341:Wynne 1976 3317:Wynne 1976 3110:on 1 July. 3108:18 wounded 2951:After the 2929:4:30 p.m., 2911:9:15 a.m., 2862:2,299 men, 2842:6,380 men. 2838:casualties 2832:Casualties 2801:7:00 a.m., 2666:3 Squadron 2662:C.A. Lewis 2630:10:00 a.m. 2614:King's Own 2587:dark, the 2550:220 German 2473:10:30 p.m. 2463:3:20 p.m., 2445:11:25 a.m. 2369:Left flank 2282:See also: 2204:10:10 a.m. 2190:48 minutes 2187:8:18 a.m., 2097:85 minutes 2070:Y Sap mine 2023:Y Sap mine 2013:See also: 1673:XVII Corps 1630:After the 1553:Wohngraben 1521:45 minutes 1517:8/9 March, 1452:sectors). 1385:400 German 1335:Roman road 1298:Background 1226:department 959:Wulverghem 922:3rd Artois 900:2nd Artois 868:1st Artois 521:Guillemont 465:Gommecourt 350:Gommecourt 269:department 108:02°41′55″E 105:50°01′56″N 6719:Diplomacy 6426:Olympians 6349:Australia 6316:Logistics 6249:Vlora War 6178:(1918–19) 6154:(1918–19) 6148:(1918–19) 6136:(1918–19) 6083:(1916–17) 6065:(1916–17) 6016:Zaian War 6006:(1914–15) 5726:first day 5614:Lusitania 5442:(1912–13) 5436:(1911–12) 5424:(1908–09) 5418:(1905–06) 5400:(1870–71) 5189:Principal 5049:Gallipoli 4952:Memorials 4937:Geography 4927:Aftermath 4822:Legg, J. 4806:17 August 4737:604621263 4666:ignored ( 4481:The Somme 4361:494890858 4342:473683742 4322:(1977) . 3145:Footnotes 3131:6,811 men 3103:Blinddarm 3098:36 German 2933:8:15 a.m. 2921:6:00 p.m. 2889:1–3 July. 2885:1,251 men 2876:and that 2744:infantry. 2724:2:45 a.m. 2707:Aftermath 2647:7:30 p.m. 2634:6:00 p.m. 2622:4:00 a.m. 2618:2:30 p.m. 2610:8:30 a.m. 2570:3:15 a.m. 2554:2:15 a.m. 2538:9:00 p.m. 2514:5:10 a.m. 2506:4:00 p.m. 2496:Cheshires 2459:1:00 p.m. 2454:Helgoland 2441:9:00 a.m. 2346:Helgoland 2340:7:28 a.m. 2322:7:48 a.m. 2290:7:30 a.m. 2227:Helgoland 2200:8:58 a.m. 2182:150 paces 1992:Helgoland 1961:crossfire 1947:III Corps 1585:Hotchkiss 1581:25 shots, 1558:traversed 1508:3:00 p.m. 1487:camouflet 1482:Granathof 1432:minierte 1422:9:00 a.m. 1408:6:00 a.m. 1393:XIV Corps 1319:35 houses 1253:III Corps 1141:5th Ypres 1121:2nd Somme 1099:2nd Marne 1089:3rd Aisne 1038:The Hills 1033:2nd Aisne 994:Fromelles 989:1st Somme 939:The Bluff 905:Hébuterne 895:2nd Ypres 856:1st Ypres 836:1st Aisne 831:1st Marne 804:Le Cateau 782:Charleroi 767:Frontiers 654:Lochnagar 497:High Wood 492:Fromelles 477:Longueval 440:Montauban 435:First day 340:Montauban 7007:Category 6594:Refugees 6560:Italians 6549:Germans 6509:Ober Ost 6289:Aviation 5383:Timeline 5354:Bulgaria 5135:Tsingtao 5112:Togoland 5059:Caucasus 4994:European 4986:Theatres 4816:Websites 4801:59484941 4727:(1925). 4683:Websites 4127:(2005). 3051:See also 2850:466 men. 2792:and the 2789:Nordwerk 2747:— 2712:Analysis 2695:— 2605:3/4 July 2599:4–6 July 2261:salients 1972:98 heavy 1592:and the 1532:General 1397:IV Corps 1389:XI Corps 1230:Picardie 1151:Courtrai 1106:Soissons 1045:Messines 1012:Alberich 821:Maubeuge 777:Ardennes 772:Lorraine 740:Moresnet 575:Eaucourt 553:Lesbœufs 509:Pozières 487:Ovillers 450:Fricourt 355:Fricourt 273:Picardie 200:Strength 192:General 87:Location 6745:Germany 6645:Germany 6573:Germany 6493:Belgium 6478:Albania 6437:Disease 6417:Sports 6369:Ireland 6282:Warfare 6275:Aspects 5463:Origins 5456:Prelude 5359:Senussi 5339:Germany 5334:Leaders 5272:Romania 5213:Belgium 5208:Leaders 5107:Kamerun 5089:African 5024:Romania 5002:Balkans 4917:Outline 4397:6069610 2974:Gallery 2854:477 men 2795:Leipzig 2689:cypress 2432:200 men 2066:Ammonal 2062:Sappers 2037:French 1965:X Corps 1936:70°–59° 1922:70°–54° 1894:70°–55° 1880:68°–55° 1866:75°–54° 1852:75°–54° 1836:72°–48° 1820:66°–52° 1806:68°–50° 1792:68°–54° 1778:72°–52° 1764:71°–54° 1750:72°–52° 1736:79°–55° 1703:Weather 1692:Prelude 1665:St Eloi 1612:of the 1563:25 men. 1450:barrage 1434:Stollen 1381:Bécourt 1221:in the 1211:commune 1116:Ailette 1084:The Lys 1078:Michael 1060:Cambrai 954:Hulluch 949:St Eloi 841:Antwerp 580:Le Sars 548:Combles 264:in the 262:commune 175:Germany 160:Britain 92:Picardy 6765:Russia 6740:France 6568:Canada 6483:Serbia 6354:Canada 6311:Horses 6263:(1921) 6257:(1920) 6251:(1920) 6245:(1920) 6237:(1920) 6190:(1919) 6184:(1919) 6130:(1918) 6095:(1918) 6089:(1917) 6077:(1916) 6071:(1916) 6036:(1915) 5448:(1913) 5430:(1911) 5412:(1905) 5369:Darfur 5294:Serbia 5277:Russia 5240:Greece 5228:France 5218:Brazil 5064:Persia 5007:Serbia 4833:18 May 4799: 4783:Theses 4771: 4752: 4735: 4641:642276 4639: 4612: 4593: 4574: 4555: 4529: 4508: 4489: 4466: 4440: 4419: 4395: 4385: 4359: 4340: 4330: 4301: 4273: 4252: 4233: 4214: 4195: 4173: 4154: 4135: 2893:58 men 2815:Moritz 2734:Moritz 2729:Moritz 2544:3 July 2480:2 July 2273:1 July 2268:Battle 2256:l'îlot 2238:28th ( 2131:, the 2021:, and 1977:groupe 1956:L'îlot 1908:72–52° 1526:L'îlot 1503:L'îlot 1475:L'îlot 1440:25 men 1377:Amiens 1234:France 1219:Amiens 1156:Sambre 1111:Amiens 979:Verdun 809:Étreux 755:Dinant 543:Morval 526:Ginchy 445:Mametz 430:Albert 345:Mametz 277:France 172: 157: 133:Result 96:France 6962:Other 6755:Japan 6750:Italy 6577:camps 6421:Rugby 5971:] 5250:Japan 5245:Italy 5223:China 5117:North 4717:Books 4117:Books 3133:from 3068:Notes 2887:from 2468:23 of 2353:(the 2320:. By 2240:Baden 2087:Y Sap 1939:rain 1925:rain 1911:dull 1897:wind 1883:fine 1869:fine 1855:haze 1841:rain 1825:wind 1823:dull 1809:dull 1795:dull 1781:dull 1767:wind 1753:dull 1739:wind 1713:Date 1363:Baden 1223:Somme 1023:Arras 1006:Ancre 760:Namur 750:Liège 659:Y Sap 614:Ancre 266:Somme 260:is a 218:9,860 6542:POWs 5861:1918 5763:1917 5689:1916 5590:1915 5494:1914 5299:Siam 5102:East 4835:2013 4808:2015 4797:OCLC 4769:ISBN 4750:ISBN 4733:OCLC 4703:2014 4675:link 4668:help 4648:2014 4637:OCLC 4610:ISBN 4591:ISBN 4572:ISBN 4553:ISBN 4540:2014 4527:ISBN 4506:ISBN 4487:ISBN 4464:ISBN 4451:2014 4438:ISBN 4417:ISBN 4404:2014 4393:OCLC 4383:ISBN 4368:2014 4357:OCLC 4338:OCLC 4328:ISBN 4312:2014 4299:ISBN 4284:2014 4271:ISBN 4250:ISBN 4231:ISBN 4212:ISBN 4193:ISBN 4171:ISBN 4152:ISBN 4133:ISBN 2947:1918 2402:and 2135:and 2127:and 2089:mine 2039:mine 1983:duds 1933:13.0 1891:17.0 1839:dull 1716:Rain 1626:1916 1456:1915 1371:The 1311:and 1303:1914 1284:fold 1197:The 1066:1918 1028:Vimy 1000:1917 933:1916 917:Loos 874:1915 851:Yser 787:Mons 734:1914 79:Date 36:and 2664:of 2288:At 1919:2.0 1905:0.0 1877:2.0 1863:0.0 1849:0.0 1833:0.0 1817:0.1 1803:2.0 1789:8.0 1775:6.0 1761:1.0 1747:1.0 1733:2.0 1718:mm 1228:in 1213:of 271:of 7024:: 5969:It 4826:. 4693:. 4660:: 4658:}} 4654:{{ 4391:. 4336:. 4023:^ 3792:^ 3753:^ 3738:^ 3687:^ 3636:^ 3621:^ 3602:^ 3587:^ 3534:^ 3435:^ 3408:^ 3273:^ 3230:^ 3215:^ 3176:^ 2970:. 2938:c. 2878:c. 2828:. 2672:; 2595:. 2123:, 2017:, 1830:30 1814:29 1800:28 1786:27 1772:26 1758:25 1744:24 1730:23 1722:°F 1604:, 1251:, 94:, 56:, 6393:/ 4898:e 4891:t 4884:v 4837:. 4810:. 4777:. 4758:. 4739:. 4705:. 4677:) 4670:) 4650:. 4618:. 4599:. 4580:. 4561:. 4542:. 4514:. 4472:. 4453:. 4425:. 4406:. 4370:. 4344:. 4314:. 4286:. 4258:. 4239:. 4220:. 4201:. 4179:. 4160:. 4141:. 3244:. 1930:7 1916:6 1902:5 1888:4 1874:3 1860:2 1846:1 1448:( 715:e 708:t 701:v 404:e 397:t 390:v 312:e 305:t 298:v 20:)

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