153:
1818:), lit. "one under obedience"—Those wishing to join a monastery begin their lives as novices. After the candidate comes to the monastery and lives as a guest for not less than three days, the abbot or abbess may bless the candidate to become a novice. There is no formal ceremony for the clothing of a novice; he or she simply receives permission to wear the clothing of a novice. In the Eastern monastic tradition, novices may or may not dress in the black
2220:
36:
2008:
1786:
2068:(πολυσταύριον, "many crosses"), which consists of a cord with a number of small crosses plaited into it. The polystavrion forms a yoke around the monk and serves to hold the analavos in place. It also reminds the monastic that he is bound to Christ and that his arms are no longer fit for worldly activities, but that he must labor only for the
1855:
If a novice chooses to leave during the period of the novitiate, no penalty is incurred. He may also be asked to leave at any time if his behaviour does not conform to the monastic life, or if the superior discerns that he is not called to monasticism. When the abbot or abbess deems the novice ready,
2203:
The Great Schema is made of a leather cord twisted in design and has five to seven small crosses along its length. It is worn crosswise around the neck, flowing down cross wise front and back. It is usually granted to bishops either upon their episcopal consecration or shortly afterwards. It is also
2199:
The two rites of
Rasaphore and Stavrophore are served one immediately following the other, as a single service. In the 21st century, they are usually not separated by several years between attainment of these degrees. When the two rites are separated, the portions of the habit that were given in the
1663:
is the same throughout the
Eastern Church (with certain slight regional variations), and it is the same for both monks and nuns. Each successive grade is given a portion of the habit, the full habit being worn only by those in the highest grade, known for that reason as the "Great Schema", or "Great
1664:
Habit". A person may enter any monastery of one's choice; but after being accepted by the abbot (or abbess) and making vows, one may not move from place to place without the blessing of one's ecclesiastical superior. This satisfies the principle of "stability of place", important to monasticism.
1883:
made at this point, the candidate is normally required to affirm his commitment to persevere in the monastic life. The abbot performs the tonsure, cutting a small amount of hair from four spots on the head, forming a cross. The novice is given the outer cassock (Greek: ράσον,
2052:), which is the article of monastic vesture emblematic of the Great Schema. The analavos itself is sometimes called the "Great Schema". It drapes over the shoulders and hangs down in front and in back, with the front portion somewhat longer, and is embroidered with the
1723:(deacon-monks). A Schemamonk who is a priest is called a Hieroschemamonk. Most monks are not ordained; a community will normally only present as many candidates for ordination to the bishop as the liturgical needs of the community require. Bishops are required by the
1980:, and a beeswax candle, symbolic of monastic vigilance and sacrificing himself for God. At his death, the monk will be buried holding the cross, and the candle will be burned at his funeral. In the Slavic practice, the Stavrophore also wears the monastic
2147:
Repeated symbols are commonly used on the analavos, the distinctive garment worn by monks that have reached the Great Schema to reference religious imagery, biblical stories, lessons and devotion to Christ. Symbols include: a rooster representing the
1671:. The priest tonsuring a monk or nun must be tonsured into the same or greater degree of monasticism that he is tonsuring another into. In other words, only a hieromonk who has been tonsured into the Great Schema may himself tonsure a Schemamonk. A
1125:
1699:
Nuns who have been tonsured to the
Stavrophore or higher are addressed as "Mother". Novice and Rassophore nuns are addressed as "Sister". Nuns live ascetic lives that are identical to those of their male counterparts and are therefore also called
600:
1945:), lit. "Cross-bearer"—The next level for Eastern monastics takes place some years after the first tonsure, when the abbot feels the monk has reached a level of discipline, dedication, and humility. This degree is also known as the
610:
655:
660:
1925:
Although the
Rassophore does not make formal vows, he is morally obligated to continue in the monastic estate for the rest of his life. Some will remain Rassophores permanently without going on to the higher degrees.
2196:, there are only two degrees of professed monks. These correspond to the Rassaphore combined with the Stavrophore, and the Great Schema (nothing equivalent to separate Stavrophore status in the Coptic tradition).
2063:
The Greek form does not have a hood, but the Slavic form has a hood and lappets on the shoulders, so that the garment forms a large cross covering the monk's shoulders, chest, and back. Another piece added is the
630:
2072:. Among the Greeks, the mantle is added at this stage. The paramandyas of the Megaloschemos is larger than that of the Stavrophore. If the monk wears the klobuk, it is of a distinctive thimble shape, called a
945:
152:
650:
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in the church for five days, refraining from all work, except spiritual reading. In the early 21st century, this vigil is often reduced to three days. The abbot increases the
Stavrophore monk’s
1678:
Eastern
Orthodox monks are addressed as "Father", as are priests and deacons in the Orthodox Church. When conversing among themselves, monks in some places may address one another as "Brother".
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635:
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he is asked if he wishes to join the monastery. Some, out of humility, will choose to remain novices all their lives. Every stage of the monastic life must be entered into voluntarily.
997:
53:
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follows the same format as the
Stavrophore, and he makes the same vows and is tonsured in the same manner. But in addition to all the garments worn by the Stavrophore, he is given the
958:
640:
1844:), depending on the tradition of the local community, and in accordance with the abbot’s directives. In some communities, the novice also wears the leather belt. Monks are given a
457:
645:
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2208:. It may also be granted to the monks, hieromonks, and abbots who have been in the monastic life for more than 30 years, and have been living exemplary monastic lives.
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620:
615:
1228:
496:
452:
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In
Russian and some other traditions, when a bearer of some monastic title acquires the Great Schema, his title incorporates the word "schema". For example, a
2081:
The
Schemamonk shall remain some days in vigil in the church. On the eighth day after Tonsure, there is a special service for the "Removal of the Koukoulion".
558:
548:
1953:, and is thought of as a "betrothal" to the Great Schema. At this stage, the monk makes formal vows of stability of place, chastity, obedience and poverty.
1344:
751:
720:
293:
178:
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Saint Jonah of Kiev (1802–1902), a
Ukrainian Orthodox Saint wearing the analavos, representing the order of the Great Schema, the highest monastic degree.
1968:, and connected by ties to a wooden cross worn over the heart. The paramandyas represents the yoke of Christ. Because of this addition, he is now called
1875:), lit. "Robe-bearer"—If the novice continues to become a monk, he is clothed in the first degree of monasticism at a service at which he receives the
580:
392:
387:
100:
1675:, however, may tonsure into any rank, regardless of his own. On rare occasions, a bishop will allow a priest to tonsure a monk or nun into any rank.
1545:
736:
402:
326:
72:
2034:)—Monks whose abbots feel they have reached a high level of spiritual excellence reach the final stage, called the Great Schema. The tonsure of a
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In some monastic traditions the Great Schema is never given, or is given to monks and nuns only on their death bed. In others, for instance, the
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1626:(referring to the ritual cutting of the monastic's hair which takes place during the service) and was, at one time, considered to be a
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1160:
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1912:. (These are separate items in the Greek tradition. In the Russian tradition the two are stitched together and collectively called a
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301:
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771:
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93:
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920:
528:
485:
473:
136:
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One becomes a monk or nun by being tonsured, a rite that only a priest can perform. This is typically done by the
46:
2342:
1602:, three degrees or steps must be completed in the process of preparation before one may gain the monastic habit.
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Then he is tonsured and clothed in the habit, which in addition to that worn by the Rassophore, includes the
2169:
1696:) is normally reserved for those who are of an advanced spiritual life, and who serve as guides for others.
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412:
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2168:, or the returning to the ground at death of Adam and all humankind. The plaque represents the initialism
2119:, etc. In the Russian Orthodox tradition, in such cases the part "schema" is commonly truncated to "схи" (
1618:
and societies arose, each with its own profession rites, the Eastern Orthodox Church has only one type of
1520:
685:
442:
2337:
2243:
2238:
1767:
1455:
1213:
244:
935:
1900:), an outer robe with wide sleeves, from which the name of Rassophore is derived. He is also given a
1611:
1465:
1430:
815:
363:
269:
240:
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In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the process of becoming a monk or nun is intentionally slow, as the
2401:
2362:
2225:
2181:
1475:
1445:
1918:.) If the novice has not previously received it, a leather belt is fastened around his waist. His
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1996:
1425:
1355:
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1008:
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usually granted to a monk who has reached a high degree of asceticism or has been living as a
1965:
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1415:
1384:
1298:
1273:
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863:
480:
Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches:
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1981:
1976:. He is also given a wooden hand cross (or "profession cross"), which he should keep in his
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is usually black, signifying that he is now dead to the world, and he receives a new name.
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lowering the body and descending Christ. The central object is often the cross of Christ.
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2149:
1999:, allows a more strict personal ascetic practice, and gives the monk more responsibility.
1919:
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1485:
1440:
695:
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1823:
1644:), as are the other Sacred Mysteries and services performed according to need, such as
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of the Orthodox Church to be chosen from among the monastic clergy, who do not marry.
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1964:), a piece of square cloth worn on the back, embroidered with the instruments of the
1591:
1450:
1374:
1339:
680:
1984:, which symbolizes the 40 days of the Lord's fasting on the Mountain of Temptation.
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1849:
1785:
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1058:
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162:
2164:. Four spikes for the nails of the cross. The skull and crossbones represents the
1686:, novices are addressed as "Father". Among the Greeks, old monks are often called
27:
Stages an Eastern Orthodox monk or nun passes through in their religious vocation
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The Great Schema worn by Orthodox monks and nuns of the most advanced degree
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are most often referred to as "Brother", although at some places, e.g., on
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1313:
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1098:
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1988:
worn by the Stavrophore is more ample than that worn by the Rassophore.
1730:
Today, the most important centres of Christian Orthodox monasticism are
2112:
1876:
1836:
1819:
1743:
1692:
1623:
1598:, and are not to be entered into lightly. After a person completes the
1183:
1033:
2205:
2165:
1914:
1906:, a cylindrical brimless hat, which is covered with a veil called an
1779:
1751:
1679:
1672:
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1063:
346:
331:
2006:
1992:
1991:
After the ceremony, the newly tonsured Stavrophore will remain in
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1739:
1668:
1178:
1081:
491:
Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church:
383:
Autocephalous Churches who are officially part of the communion:
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1880:
1580:
1043:
222:
2200:
previous rite are not given a second time in the latter rite.
1595:
1584:
29:
1574:
degrees of Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic monasticism
1711:
Monks who have been ordained to the priesthood are called
2123:), and correspondingly the titles are spelt as схимонах (
2078:, the veil of which is usually embroidered with crosses.
1594:
taken are considered to entail a lifelong commitment to
2285:"A Brief Explanation of the Symbolism of the Analabos"
464:
Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches
2160:, the uprate post and transverse beam represent the
1715:(priest-monks); monks who have been ordained to the
1708:). Their community is likewise called a monastery.
1630:(sacrament). The Rite of Tonsure is printed in the
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2310:"The Meaning of the Analavos of the Great Schema"
1960:(Greek: παραμανδυας; Church Slavonic: параманъ,
2381:Embroidered Greek Great Schema (megaloschema)
1553:
8:
2265:"The Analavos of the Great Schema Explained"
1587:passes through in their religious vocation.
1622:. The profession of monastics is known as
1560:
1546:
131:
2180:. Ladders and pincers under the base for
1834:) and wear the soft monastic hat (Greek:
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1828:Anterion (Αντερίον), Esorason (Εσώρασον)
2255:
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143:
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7:
2156:bound Christ to, the wreath for the
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
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25:
1941:; Church Slavonic: крестоносецъ,
1848:and instructed in the use of the
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2345:a portion of the Tonsure service
2338:History of monasticism in Russia
2218:
2188:Coptic Orthodox monastic degrees
611:Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg
151:
34:
2152:. A pillar for the column that
1879:. Although there are no formal
931:Christianization of Kievan Rus'
792:First Seven Ecumenical Councils
45:needs additional citations for
1:
1871:; Church Slavonic: рясофоръ,
1361:Intercession of the Theotokos
1136:Opposition to papal supremacy
955:Moscow–Constantinople schism
656:Switzerland and Liechtenstein
926:Christianization of Bulgaria
1732:Saint Catherine's Monastery
1481:Photios I of Constantinople
998:20th century (Neo-Palamism)
921:Christianization of Georgia
2433:
2099:of Great Schema is called
2054:Instruments of the Passion
2030:; Church Slavonic: Схима,
1896:; Church Slavonic: рясса,
1131:Opposition to the Filioque
674:Noncanonical jurisdictions
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2023:
1827:
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1790:
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1788:
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2172:. The reed for the
2131:), схиархимандрит (
1867:(Greek: ῥασοφόρος,
1840:, Church Slavonic:
1830:; Church Slavonic:
1476:Cyril and Methodius
1446:Cyril of Alexandria
1333:Liturgical calendar
1149:Liturgy and worship
785:Ecumenical councils
188:History of theology
2361:Russian Orthodox (
2135:), and схиигумен (
2048:(Church Slavonic:
2013:
1791:
1614:, where different
1576:are the stages an
1426:Cyril of Jerusalem
1356:Feast of Orthodoxy
651:Spain and Portugal
159:Christ Pantocrator
2127:), иеросхимонах (
2070:Kingdom of Heaven
1806:(Greek: δόκιμος,
1778:on the island of
1570:
1569:
1421:Basil of Caesarea
1416:Ephrem the Syrian
1299:Sign of the cross
1274:Paschal troparion
1054:Mystical theology
864:Quinisext Council
565:Semi-Autonomous:
210:View of salvation
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1616:religious orders
1578:Eastern Orthodox
1562:
1555:
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1461:John of Damascus
1436:Gregory of Nyssa
1264:Paschal greeting
1229:Memorial service
1039:Hypostatic union
916:Byzantine Empire
701:Old Calendarists
322:Episcopal polity
265:Christian Church
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1113:
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1089:
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1079:
1066:
1061:
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1003:
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988:
983:
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948:
946:Ottoman Empire
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928:
923:
918:
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906:Church Fathers
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749:
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739:
734:
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724:
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710:
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698:
691:True Orthodoxy
688:
683:
677:
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673:
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669:
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531:
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388:Constantinople
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204:Holy Mysteries
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2240:
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2209:
2207:
2201:
2197:
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2194:Coptic Church
2187:
2185:
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2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2142:
2140:
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2134:
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2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2105:archimandrite
2102:
2098:
2093:
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2087:
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2079:
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2076:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2028:megaloschemos
2021:
2017:
2009:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1951:Lesser schema
1948:
1947:Little Schema
1944:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1825:
1821:
1820:inner cassock
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1787:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1726:
1725:sacred canons
1722:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1676:
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1665:
1662:
1657:
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1639:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1592:monastic vows
1588:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1495:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:John Climacus
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
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1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:Major figures
1401:
1400:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1375:Nativity Fast
1373:
1372:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:Other feasts:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1340:Paschal cycle
1338:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1320:
1317:
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1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
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1277:
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1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
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1250:
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1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1071:
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1062:
1060:
1057:
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1050:
1047:
1045:
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1032:
1030:
1027:
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1022:
1020:
1017:
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1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
999:
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994:
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990:
989:
986:
981:
980:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
956:
954:
952:
951:North America
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
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907:
904:
903:
899:
894:
893:
885:
882:
880:
877:
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867:
865:
862:
861:
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855:
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848:
846:
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837:
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832:
829:
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781:
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773:
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719:
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714:
711:
709:
706:
702:
699:
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689:
687:
684:
682:
681:Old Believers
679:
678:
671:
670:
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659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
641:Latin America
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
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602:
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582:
579:
577:
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572:
569:
568:
566:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
549:Americas (RP)
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
517:jurisdictions
516:
511:
510:
504:
498:
497:Ukraine (UOC)
495:
494:
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487:
486:Ukraine (OCU)
484:
483:
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467:
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409:
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401:
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394:
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386:
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380:jurisdictions
379:
378:Autocephalous
374:
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223:View of icons
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2353:Ekaterinburg
2318:. Retrieved
2316:. 2017-05-23
2313:
2304:
2293:. Retrieved
2288:
2279:
2268:. Retrieved
2258:
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2100:
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2066:polystavrion
2065:
2062:
2049:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2024:μεγαλόσχημος
2016:Great Schema
2015:
2014:
2003:Great Schema
1990:
1985:
1974:Cross-bearer
1973:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1943:krestonosets
1942:
1939:stavrophoros
1938:
1934:
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1924:
1913:
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1901:
1897:
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1854:
1850:Jesus Prayer
1841:
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1831:
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1729:
1721:hierodeacons
1710:
1705:
1701:
1698:
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1687:
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1658:
1641:
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1609:
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1573:
1571:
1526:Saint titles
1506:Architecture
1499:Other topics
1204:Jesus Prayer
1115:
1108:
1091:
1074:
1068:
1059:Nicene Creed
1034:Holy Trinity
1009:Apophaticism
959:15th–16th c.
936:Great Schism
576:Estonia (MP)
564:
559:Moldova (MP)
534:Estonia (EP)
502:
490:
479:
465:
463:
356:
312:Patriarchate
294:Organization
260:Christianity
247: /
245:Resurrection
243: /
217:View of Mary
215:
208:
163:Hagia Sophia
116:
110:January 2021
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2174:Holy Sponge
2090:Mount Athos
1997:prayer rule
1978:icon corner
1970:Stavrophore
1958:paramandyas
1935:Stavrophore
1930:Stavrophore
1903:kalimavkion
1894:Mandorrason
1846:prayer rope
1782:in Greece.
1756:Mount Athos
1719:are called
1684:Mount Athos
1633:Euchologion
1620:monasticism
1279:Prayer rope
1199:Iconostasis
1189:Euchologion
1174:Apolytikion
1049:Metousiosis
1014:Chrismation
646:Scandinavia
352:Monasticism
307:Autocephaly
241:Crucifixion
2402:Asceticism
2391:Categories
2320:2021-01-25
2295:2021-01-25
2291:(in Greek)
2270:2021-01-25
2250:References
2178:Holy Lance
2137:scheigumen
2125:schemonach
2075:koukoulion
2036:Schemamonk
1986:The rasson
1869:rasophoros
1832:Podriasnik
1816:poslushnik
1774:, and the
1713:hieromonks
1610:Unlike in
1380:Great Lent
1259:Paraklesis
1239:Omophorion
1194:Holy Water
1093:Philokalia
752:Montenegro
581:ROCOR (MP)
571:Crete (EP)
544:China (MP)
539:Japan (MP)
515:Autonomous
393:Alexandria
234:Background
157:Mosaic of
80:newspapers
2407:Hesychasm
2289:Διακόνημα
2234:Acoemetae
2162:patibulum
2097:hieromonk
2086:cenobitic
2058:Trisagion
2040:Schemanun
1890:Exorasson
1865:Rasophore
1860:Rasophore
1772:West Bank
1717:diaconate
1654:exorcisms
1650:blessings
1600:novitiate
1390:Dormition
1314:Vestments
1309:Troparion
1304:Sticheron
1294:Semantron
1284:Prosphora
1209:Kontakion
1117:Theotokos
1070:Oikonomia
1029:Hesychasm
911:Pentarchy
879:Jerusalem
723:churches:
403:Jerusalem
327:Canon law
280:Orthodoxy
249:Ascension
179:Structure
18:Schemanun
2355:, Russia
2212:See also
2107:becomes
2056:and the
2045:analavos
1873:ryasofor
1764:Mar Saba
1748:Thessaly
1706:monachos
1702:monachai
1688:Gheronda
1646:funerals
1471:Kassiani
1169:Akathist
1099:Phronema
1087:Palamism
1076:Akribeia
985:Theology
732:Abkhazia
721:National
423:Bulgaria
364:Bratstvo
302:Autonomy
251:of Jesus
184:Theology
170:Overview
137:a series
135:Part of
2383:(Photo)
2377:(Photo)
2369:Paraman
2192:In the
2113:hegumen
1966:Passion
1962:paraman
1877:tonsure
1837:Skoufos
1808:dókimos
1794:Degrees
1770:of the
1766:in the
1744:Meteora
1734:in the
1693:Starets
1680:Novices
1642:Trebnik
1624:tonsure
1184:Ectenia
1110:Theosis
898:History
831:Seventh
737:Belarus
626:Germany
606:Austria
529:Finland
474:America
466:de jure
448:Albania
428:Georgia
418:Romania
398:Antioch
357:Degrees
347:Deacons
342:Priests
337:Bishops
194:Liturgy
186: (
94:scholar
2206:hermit
2176:, the
2166:Adamah
2050:analav
2032:Schima
1982:mantle
1915:klobuk
1898:Riassa
1886:Rasson
1842:Skufia
1804:Novice
1799:Novice
1780:Patmos
1752:Greece
1673:bishop
1652:, and
1254:Praxis
1064:Nepsis
941:Russia
874:Moscow
845:Eighth
816:Fourth
806:Second
762:UOC–KP
757:Turkey
747:Latvia
621:France
616:Canada
443:Poland
438:Greece
433:Cyprus
413:Serbia
408:Russia
332:Clergy
139:on the
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2020:Greek
1993:vigil
1972:, or
1920:habit
1892:, or
1824:Greek
1740:Egypt
1669:abbot
1179:Artos
1082:Ousia
1044:Icons
869:Jassy
850:Ninth
826:Sixth
821:Fifth
811:Third
801:First
742:Italy
524:Sinai
101:JSTOR
87:books
2121:sche
1881:vows
1659:The
1581:monk
1572:The
1511:Folk
1392:Fast
1224:Lity
969:2018
964:1996
73:news
2139:).
2038:or
1949:or
1758:in
1750:in
1746:at
1742:),
1596:God
1585:nun
1583:or
1104:Sin
1073:vs
56:by
2393::
2312:.
2287:.
2115:-
2111:,
2103:,
2060:.
2026:,
2022::
1888:,
1852:.
1826::
1810:;
1762:,
1754:,
1656:.
1648:,
1640::
468::
161:,
2365:)
2323:.
2298:.
2273:.
2018:(
1822:(
1738:(
1636:(
1561:e
1554:t
1547:v
1000:)
996:(
794::
190:)
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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