20:
67:
80:
172:
The Scotch yoke is not used in most internal combustion engines because of the rapid wear of the slot in the yoke caused by sliding friction and high contact pressures. This is mitigated by a sliding block between the crank and the slot in the piston rod. Also, increased heat loss during combustion
155:
Under ideal engineering conditions, force is applied directly in the line of travel of the assembly. The sinusoidal motion, cosinusoidal velocity, and sinusoidal acceleration (assuming constant angular velocity) result in smoother operation. The higher percentage of time spent at
190:
168:
angle is mitigated. The longer the distance between the piston and the yoke, the less wear that occurs, but greater the inertia, making such increases in the piston rod length realistically only suitable for lower RPM (but higher torque) applications.
177:
offsets any constant volume combustion improvements in real engines. In an engine application, less percent of the time is spent at bottom dead centre when compared to a conventional piston and crankshaft mechanism, which reduces blowdown time for
413:
406:
323:
280:
160:(dwell) improves theoretical engine efficiency of constant volume combustion cycles. It allows the elimination of joints typically served by a
399:
186:. Gains might be more apparent in Otto cycle engines using a stratified direct injection (diesel or similar) cycle to reduce heat losses.
385:
524:
958:
144:
617:
544:
40:
381:
440:
202:
An improved Scotch yoke, with a means of absorbing sideways thrust, was patented in 1978 by
William L. Carlson, Jr.,
953:
19:
694:
534:
689:
644:
554:
487:
103:
52:
679:
674:
654:
579:
539:
529:
482:
477:
331:
284:
164:, and near elimination of piston skirts and cylinder scuffing, as side loading of piston due to sine of
128:
continues to be used when the slot in the yoke is shorter than the diameter of the circle made by the
684:
664:
659:
649:
627:
569:
460:
455:
422:
182:. Experiments have shown that extended dwell time does not work well with constant volume combustion
36:
918:
742:
669:
564:
514:
737:
607:
602:
559:
497:
92:
281:"Science Links Japan | Effect of Piston Speed around Top Dead Centre on Thermal Efficiency"
51:
with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating part. The location of the piston versus time is
727:
612:
597:
574:
183:
179:
70:
Comparison of displacement and acceleration for a Scotch yoke compared with a crank and slider
239:
717:
712:
60:
391:
732:
722:
636:
589:
492:
324:"Effect of the Ratio Between Connecting-rod Length and Crank Radius on Thermal Efficiency"
174:
157:
66:
225:
502:
165:
114:
88:
189:
947:
913:
903:
760:
549:
467:
426:
110:
313:
Bourke Engine
Documentary, Published 1968, p51, "Important Factors in Engine Design"
304:
Bourke Engine
Documentary, Published 1968, p50, "Appraising Engine Efficiency" para2
445:
375:
137:
118:
704:
509:
450:
136:
of a locomotive may have scotch yokes to permit vertical motion of intermediate
877:
872:
867:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
792:
780:
519:
472:
352:
204:
257:
862:
799:
787:
775:
770:
765:
161:
129:
56:
928:
923:
908:
887:
882:
857:
852:
844:
752:
133:
106:, which gives a slow speed forward cutting stroke and a faster return.
79:
109:
It has been used in various internal combustion engines, such as the
99:
44:
59:
having constant amplitude and constant frequency, given a constant
78:
83:
Piston water pump, with a scotch yoke connection to its flywheel
48:
16:
Mechanism to convert between rotational and reciprocating motion
395:
238:
General
Construction, Baldwin Gasoline Industrial Locomotives
47:
or other reciprocating part is directly coupled to a sliding
98:
Although not a common metalworking machine nowadays, crude
39:
mechanism, converting the linear motion of a slider into
382:
Comparing Simple Crank/Slider and Scotch Yoke
Mechanisms
896:
843:
751:
703:
635:
626:
588:
433:
147:to generate a sinusoidal motion (sine functions).
376:Brock Institute for Advanced Studies: Scotch Yoke
353:"Patent US4075898 - Scotch yoke - Google Patents"
143:What is essentially a Scotch yoke is used in the
407:
283:. Sciencelinks.jp. 2009-03-18. Archived from
102:can use Scotch yokes. Almost all those use a
8:
87:This setup is most commonly used in control
632:
414:
400:
392:
242:, No. 74, 1913; pages 7-9. The use of the
188:
65:
18:
255:Norman W. Storer, Electric Locomotive,
217:
275:
273:
271:
261:, granted May 2, 1911. The use of the
7:
226:"ME 700 Mechanisms | EdLabQuip"
265:is discussed on page 2 of the text.
386:The Wolfram Demonstrations Project
14:
240:Baldwin Locomotive Works Record
151:Internal combustion engine uses
1:
145:Tide-Predicting Machine No. 2
975:
113:, SyTech engine, and many
173:due to extended dwell at
555:Single-acting cylinder
488:Double-acting cylinder
194:
84:
71:
53:simple harmonic motion
33:slotted link mechanism
24:
959:Linkages (mechanical)
423:Engine configurations
384:" by Fred Klingener,
205:U.S. patent 4,075,898
192:
93:oil and gas pipelines
82:
69:
43:, or vice versa. The
23:Scotch yoke animation
22:
525:Oscillating cylinder
246:is explained page 8.
37:reciprocating motion
618:Two-and four-stroke
520:Intake over exhaust
328:Science Links Japan
258:U.S. patent 991,038
132:. For example, the
195:
184:Otto cycle engines
180:two-stroke engines
85:
72:
25:
954:Engine technology
941:
940:
937:
936:
637:Inline / straight
535:Overhead camshaft
104:Whitworth linkage
91:in high-pressure
41:rotational motion
966:
633:
628:Cylinder layouts
416:
409:
402:
393:
363:
362:
360:
359:
349:
343:
342:
340:
339:
330:. Archived from
320:
314:
311:
305:
302:
296:
295:
293:
292:
277:
266:
260:
253:
247:
236:
230:
229:
222:
207:
61:rotational speed
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
965:
964:
963:
944:
943:
942:
933:
892:
839:
747:
699:
622:
584:
429:
420:
372:
367:
366:
357:
355:
351:
350:
346:
337:
335:
322:
321:
317:
312:
308:
303:
299:
290:
288:
279:
278:
269:
256:
254:
250:
237:
233:
224:
223:
219:
214:
203:
200:
175:top dead centre
158:top dead centre
153:
115:hot air engines
89:valve actuators
77:
31:(also known as
17:
12:
11:
5:
972:
970:
962:
961:
956:
946:
945:
939:
938:
935:
934:
932:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
900:
898:
894:
893:
891:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
849:
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
796:
795:
785:
784:
783:
773:
768:
763:
757:
755:
749:
748:
746:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
709:
707:
701:
700:
698:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
641:
639:
630:
624:
623:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
594:
592:
586:
585:
583:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
540:Overhead valve
537:
532:
530:Opposed-piston
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
506:
505:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
464:
463:
458:
448:
443:
437:
435:
431:
430:
427:piston engines
421:
419:
418:
411:
404:
396:
390:
389:
388:; Active demo.
378:
371:
370:External links
368:
365:
364:
344:
315:
306:
297:
267:
248:
231:
216:
215:
213:
210:
199:
196:
166:connecting rod
152:
149:
76:
73:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
971:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
949:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
901:
899:
895:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
848:
846:
842:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
794:
791:
790:
789:
786:
782:
779:
778:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
758:
756:
754:
750:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
708:
706:
702:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
640:
638:
634:
631:
629:
625:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
595:
593:
591:
590:Stroke cycles
587:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
504:
501:
500:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
462:
459:
457:
454:
453:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
417:
412:
410:
405:
403:
398:
397:
394:
387:
383:
379:
377:
374:
373:
369:
354:
348:
345:
334:on 2008-01-28
333:
329:
325:
319:
316:
310:
307:
301:
298:
287:on 2012-01-27
286:
282:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
259:
252:
249:
245:
241:
235:
232:
227:
221:
218:
211:
209:
206:
198:Modifications
197:
191:
187:
185:
181:
176:
170:
167:
163:
159:
150:
148:
146:
141:
139:
138:driving axles
135:
131:
127:
122:
120:
119:steam engines
116:
112:
111:Bourke engine
107:
105:
101:
96:
94:
90:
81:
74:
68:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
919:Split-single
705:Flat / boxer
565:Swing-piston
356:. Retrieved
347:
336:. Retrieved
332:the original
327:
318:
309:
300:
289:. Retrieved
285:the original
262:
251:
243:
234:
220:
201:
171:
154:
142:
125:
123:
108:
97:
86:
75:Applications
32:
28:
26:
608:Five-stroke
603:Four-stroke
560:Split cycle
498:Free-piston
441:Atmospheric
263:scotch yoke
244:scotch yoke
126:scotch yoke
29:Scotch yoke
948:Categories
613:Six-stroke
598:Two-stroke
515:Heron head
473:Cam engine
358:2013-01-21
338:2008-07-08
291:2011-12-06
212:References
55:, i.e., a
193:Animation
162:wrist pin
134:side rods
130:crank pin
124:The term
57:sine wave
545:Pentroof
493:Flathead
483:Compound
461:Rotative
753:V / Vee
570:Uniflow
503:Stelzer
478:Camless
456:Cornish
100:shapers
35:) is a
914:Radial
904:Deltic
550:Rotary
468:Bourke
45:piston
897:Other
580:Wedge
446:Axial
575:Watt
510:Hemi
451:Beam
434:Type
425:for
117:and
49:yoke
27:The
888:W30
883:W24
878:W18
873:W16
868:W12
835:V24
830:V20
825:V18
820:V16
815:V14
810:V12
805:V10
793:VR6
781:VR5
743:F16
738:F12
733:F10
695:I14
690:I12
950::
863:W8
858:W6
853:W3
800:V8
788:V6
776:V5
771:V4
766:V3
761:V2
728:F8
723:F6
718:F4
713:F2
685:I9
680:I8
675:I7
670:I6
665:I5
660:I4
655:I3
650:I2
645:I1
326:.
270:^
208:.
140:.
121:.
95:.
63:.
929:X
924:U
909:H
845:W
415:e
408:t
401:v
380:"
361:.
341:.
294:.
228:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
