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the reciprocating suction process, and less than a quarter-rotation for the reciprocating discharge process. Reciprocating compressors have multiple cylinders (typically, anywhere from two to six), while scroll compressors only have one compression element. The presence of multiple cylinders in reciprocating compressors reduces suction and discharge pulsations. Therefore, it is difficult to state whether scroll compressors have lower pulsation levels than reciprocating compressors as has often been claimed by some suppliers of scroll compressors. The more steady flow yields lower gas pulsations, lower sound and lower vibration of attached piping, while having no influence on the compressor operating efficiency.
362:
discharge valve. The use of a dynamic discharge valve improves scroll compressor efficiency over a wide range of operating conditions, when the operating pressure ratio is well above the built-in pressure ratio of the compressors. If the compressor is designed to operate near a single operating point, then the scroll compressor can actually gain efficiency around this point if there is no dynamic discharge valve present (since there are additional discharge flow losses associated with the presence of the discharge valve as well as discharge ports tend to be smaller when the discharge is present).
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additional throttling losses. However, the efficiency of a scroll compressor that does not have a discharge valve begins to decrease as compared to the reciprocating compressor at higher pressure ratio operation. This is a result of under-compression losses that occur at high pressure ratio operation of the positive displacement compressors that do not have a dynamic discharge valve.
252:
fixed radius crank on a single shaft. However, the scroll expander engine could not overcome the machining hurdles of radial compliance inherent to achieving efficiency in scroll operation that would not be adequately addressed until the works of Niels Young in 1975. The first practical scroll compressors did not appear on the market until after
383:
touch the head or valve plate. That remnant gas from the last cycle then occupies space intended for suction gas. The reduction in capacity (i.e. volumetric efficiency) depends on the suction and discharge pressures with greater reductions occurring at higher ratios of discharge to suction pressures.
412:
The scroll expander is a work-producing device used mostly in low-pressure heat recovery applications. It is essentially a scroll compressor working in reverse; high enthalpy working fluid or gas enters the discharge side of the compressor and rotates the eccentric scroll before discharging from the
352:
The compression process occurs over approximately 2 to 2½ rotations of the crankshaft, compared to one rotation for rotary compressors, and one-half rotation for reciprocating compressors. The scroll discharge and suction processes occur for a full rotation, compared to less than a half-rotation for
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Scroll compressors never have a suction valve, but depending on the application may or may not have a discharge valve. The use of a dynamic discharge valve is more prominent in high pressure ratio applications, typical of refrigeration. Typically, an air-conditioning scroll does not have a dynamic
319:
Leaks from axial gaps are prevented by the use of spiral-shaped tip seals, placed into grooves on the tips of both spirals. These tip seals also help lower the friction and can be replaced when worn down. Some compressors use the pressurized discharge gas to push both scrolls together, eliminating
251:
concept, but the metal casting technology of the period was not sufficiently advanced to construct a working prototype, since a scroll compressor demands very tight tolerances to function effectively. In the 1905 patent, Creux defines a co-orbiting or spinning reversible steam expander driven by a
400:
Scroll compressors have fewer moving parts than reciprocating compressors which, theoretically, should improve reliability. According to
Emerson Climate Technologies, manufacturer of Copeland scroll compressors, scroll compressors have 70 percent fewer moving parts than conventional reciprocating
382:
efficient in pumping the trapped fluid. The suction process creates its own volume, separate from the compression and discharge processes further inside. By comparison, reciprocating compressors leave a small amount of compressed gas in the cylinder, because it is not practical for the piston to
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efficiency of scroll compressors is slightly higher than that of a typical reciprocating compressor when the compressor is designed to operate near one selected rating point. The scroll compressors are more efficient in this case because they do not have a dynamic discharge valve that introduces
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316:(particularly for high-purity applications). Another method for producing the compression motion is co-rotating the scrolls, in synchronous motion, but with offset centers of rotation. The relative motion is the same as if one were orbiting.
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Scroll compressors tend to be very compact and smooth running and so do not require spring suspension. This allows them to have very small shell enclosures which reduces overall cost but also results in smaller free volume.
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without rotating, thereby trapping and pumping or compressing pockets of fluid between the scrolls. An eccentric shaft can provide the orbital motion but the scroll must be prevented from rotating, typically with an
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667:, Nobukatsu, Arai; Hirokatu, Kousokabe & Eiji, Sato et al., "Scroll Compressor with Means for End-Plate Bias and Cooled-Gas Return to Sealed Compressor Spaces", published 1980-08-12
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began manufacturing the first commercially available scroll compressors for automobile air conditioners. They were not commercially produced for room air conditioning until 1983 when
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At least one manufacturer found through testing that the scroll compressor design delivered better reliability and efficiency in operation than reciprocating compressors.
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compressor inlet. The basic modification required to convert the scroll compressor to a scroll expander is to remove the non-return valve from the compressor discharge.
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743:, Etemad, S.; Yannascoli, D. & Hatzikazakis, M., "Scroll Machine with Wraps of Different Thicknesses", published 1989-05-30
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971:
Bush, James W.; Elson, John P. (July 1988). "Scroll
Compressor Design Criteria for Residential Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Applications".
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705:, Caillat, J.; Weatherston, R. & Bush, J, "Scroll-Type Machine With Axially Compliant Mounting", published 1988-08-30
549:, Young, Niels O., "Positive Displacement Scroll Apparatus With Axial Radially Compliant Scroll Member", published 1975-04-01
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and air conditioning systems and a few automotive air conditioning systems employ a scroll compressor instead of the more traditional
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447:"Japanese and American Competition in the Development of Scroll Compressors and its impact on the American Air Conditioning Industry"
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2007:
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1272:
121:
934:
724:, Richardson, Jr., Hubert, "Scroll Compressor With Orbiting Scroll Member Biased By Oil Pressure", published 1989-10-24
686:, Tischer, J. & Utter, R, "Scroll Machine Using Discharge Pressure For Axial Sealing", published 1985-06-11
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These devices are known for operating more smoothly, quietly, and reliably than conventional compressors in some applications.
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Mitsuhiro Fukuta; Daisuke Ogi; Masaaki
Motozawa; Tadashi Yanagisawa; Shigeki Iwanami; Tadashi Hotta (July 14–17, 2014).
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the need for tip seals and improving sealing with use; these compressors are said to wear-in instead of wear-out.
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first patented a scroll compressor in 1905 in France and the US. Creux invented the compressor as a
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1020:"Scanning for Ideas: Air Squared Developed World's Smallest Continuous-Duty Scroll Compressor"
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Elson, John P.; Kaemmer, Norbert; Wang, Simon; Perevozchikov, Michael (July 14–17, 2008).
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765:. 22nd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue. p. 1255.
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U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
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launched the world's first air conditioner with a hermetic scroll compressor.
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256:, when higher-precision machine tools enabled their construction. In 1981,
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Scroll
Technology: An Overview of Past, Present, and Future Developments
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973:
Proceedings of the 1988 International
Compressor Engineering Conference
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261:
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2186:
1992:
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956:
Jim
Wheeler (November 1988). "Scroll Compressors: The Inside Story".
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789:"New Scroll Compressor | Air Conditioning and Refrigeration"
1957:
1877:
273:
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1114:"A review of scroll expander geometries and their performance"
289:
31:
623:"Design Review of Cast Aluminum Scroll Compressor Components"
517:"Co-Orbiting Scroll Design and Operational Characteristics"
303:
Often, one of the scrolls is fixed, while the other orbits
1112:
Emhardt, Simon; Tian, Guohong; Chew, John (August 2018).
933:. Powered by the People Resources Company. July 2010.
1083:"Commercial Foodservice Equipment, A Continuous Cool"
272:
A scroll compressor uses two interleaving scrolls to
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996:. International Compressor Engineering Conference.
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1177:– a video showing how the scroll compressor works
621:Gerken, David T.; Calhoun, John L. (March 2000).
762:Seal Mechanism of Tip Seal in Scroll Compressor
499:, "Rotary Engine", published 1905-10-03
378:The scroll compression process is nearly 100%
208:A scroll compressor operating in reverse is a
1196:
8:
1963:High efficiency glandless circulating pump
1212:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
1203:
1189:
1181:
312:, additional eccentric idler shafts, or a
515:Bush, James W.; Beagle, Wayne P. (1994).
237:Animation of a spinning scroll compressor
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
2397:Mold growth, assessment, and remediation
829:from the original on September 27, 2020
645:from the original on September 30, 2007
434:
1146:from the original on November 16, 2021
915:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
908:
440:
438:
2270:Programmable communicating thermostat
1056:"Scroll Compressors: Design Benefits"
937:from the original on October 20, 2014
473:from the original on February 9, 2022
324:Engineering comparison to other pumps
138:Mechanism of a scroll pump; here two
7:
2392:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
1132:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.06.045
1062:from the original on January 2, 2013
60:adding citations to reliable sources
897:from the original on April 11, 2021
865:from the original on April 11, 2021
769:from the original on March 22, 2020
527:from the original on April 11, 2021
2253:Minimum efficiency reporting value
602:from the original on June 18, 2018
173:air or refrigerant. It is used in
25:
2295:Standard temperature and pressure
2008:Packaged terminal air conditioner
1544:Passive daytime radiative cooling
1273:Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
1093:from the original on May 18, 2007
799:from the original on May 22, 2020
572:. Sanden International (Europe).
332:Scroll compressors with air tanks
1364:Absorption-compression heat pump
1058:. Emerson Climate Technologies.
1036:from the original on May 9, 2019
1000:from the original on May 9, 2019
576:from the original on May 9, 2019
149:Operation of a scroll compressor
36:
2259:Normal temperature and pressure
1639:Vapor-compression refrigeration
1081:Russell, Jill (February 2006).
819:"How a Scroll Compressor Works"
47:needs additional citations for
629:. SAE Technical Paper Series.
1:
2407:Testing, adjusting, balancing
2351:Building information modeling
2346:Building services engineering
1923:Ground-coupled heat exchanger
1451:Demand controlled ventilation
1399:Building insulation materials
453:. U.S. Department of Energy.
1968:High-pressure cut-off switch
1519:Ice storage air conditioning
1440:Dedicated outdoor air system
445:McCullough, John E. (1990).
177:equipment, as an automobile
2311:Thermostatic radiator valve
2113:Thermostatic radiator valve
1624:Underfloor air distribution
1559:Radiant heating and cooling
1477:Energy recovery ventilation
1389:Automobile air conditioning
1253:Domestic energy consumption
1119:Applied Thermal Engineering
348:Open-type scroll compressor
292:. The vane geometry may be
189:. Many residential central
2607:
2460:Institute of Refrigeration
2341:Architectural technologist
1813:Electrostatic precipitator
2513:Volatile organic compound
2372:Environmental engineering
2336:Architectural engineering
2138:Ultra-low particulate air
1723:Automatic balancing valve
1651:Variable refrigerant flow
1503:Heat recovery ventilation
1446:Deep water source cooling
849:"Copeland Scroll Digital"
2560:Template:Home automation
2382:Kitchen exhaust cleaning
2078:Solar-assisted heat pump
1678:Air conditioner inverter
1457:Displacement ventilation
1348:Vapour pressure of water
1333:Thermal destratification
1170:Copeland Compressors 111
340:Rotations and pulse flow
183:scroll-type supercharger
181:(where it is known as a
2555:World Refrigeration Day
2402:Refrigerant reclamation
2331:Architectural acoustics
2275:Programmable thermostat
2207:Clean air delivery rate
2103:Thermal expansion valve
2018:Pressurisation ductwork
1928:Ground source heat pump
1369:Absorption refrigerator
627:SAE 2000 World Congress
2545:Glossary of HVAC terms
2507:Sick building syndrome
2387:Mechanical engineering
2098:Smoke exhaust ductwork
1529:Mixed-mode ventilation
423:Compressed air battery
349:
333:
238:
150:
142:
2565:Template:Solar energy
2243:Intelligent buildings
2202:Carbon dioxide sensor
1589:Room air distribution
1409:Central solar heating
633:. SAE International.
596:"History (1981-2000)"
347:
331:
236:
148:
137:
2367:Duct leakage testing
2357:Deep energy retrofit
2301:Thermographic camera
2238:Infrared thermometer
1713:Air source heat pump
1662:Water heat recycling
1228:Air changes per hour
958:Contracting Business
639:10.4271/2000-01-0761
310:Oldham-type coupling
300:, or hybrid curves.
56:improve this article
2233:HVAC control system
2223:Home energy monitor
2197:Building automation
1983:Inverter compressor
1645:Variable air volume
1554:Passive ventilation
1524:Kitchen ventilation
1424:Constant air volume
1394:Autonomous building
960:. Penton Media: 36.
212:, and can generate
140:archimedean spirals
71:"Scroll compressor"
2496:Indoor air quality
2440:ASTM International
2377:Hydronic balancing
2154:Wood-burning stove
2033:Radiator reflector
1818:Evaporative cooler
1629:Underfloor heating
1614:Thermal insulation
1087:Appliance Magazine
858:. April 10, 2019.
570:Sanden Corporation
350:
334:
298:Archimedean spiral
239:
169:) is a device for
167:scroll vacuum pump
151:
143:
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2572:
2489:Health and safety
2068:Scroll compressor
2023:Process duct work
1778:Convection heater
1773:Condensing boiler
1703:Air-mixing plenum
1599:Solar combisystem
1435:Cross ventilation
1238:Building envelope
931:"HVAC Compressor"
234:
159:spiral compressor
155:scroll compressor
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
2598:
2535:Building science
2290:Smart thermostat
2285:Room temperature
1868:Fireplace insert
1574:Radon mitigation
1472:Electric heating
1467:District heating
1462:District cooling
1379:Air conditioning
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1032:. May 19, 2011.
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2502:Passive smoking
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2144:Whole-house fan
2058:Run-around coil
2053:Reversing valve
1998:Mechanical room
1988:Kerosene heater
1978:Infrared heater
1908:Gasoline heater
1848:Fan filter unit
1763:Condensate pump
1748:Centrifugal fan
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1569:Radiant heating
1564:Radiant cooling
1539:Passive cooling
1534:Microgeneration
1404:Central heating
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1328:Thermal comfort
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2015:
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1953:Heating system
1950:
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1933:Heat exchanger
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1898:Gas compressor
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1753:Ceramic heater
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1594:Solar air heat
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1584:Renewable heat
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1493:Forced-air gas
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1343:Thermodynamics
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1313:Psychrometrics
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
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1268:Gas compressor
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1263:Fluid dynamics
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1163:External links
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1025:Machine Design
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280:or pressurize
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27:Air compressor
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2362:Duct cleaning
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2213:Control valve
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2133:Turning vanes
2131:
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2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2108:Thermal wheel
2106:
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1609:Solar heating
1607:
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1604:Solar cooling
1602:
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1579:Refrigeration
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1549:Passive house
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1301:
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1298:Noise control
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1278:Heat transfer
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1129:
1126:: 1020–1034.
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773:September 13,
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521:Purdue e-Pubs
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452:
448:
441:
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407:
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402:
401:compressors.
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381:
376:
373:
365:
363:
356:
354:
346:
339:
337:
330:
323:
321:
317:
315:
314:bellows joint
311:
306:
305:eccentrically
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
267:
265:
263:
259:
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250:
247:
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219:
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206:
205:compressors.
204:
200:
199:reciprocating
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
157:(also called
156:
147:
141:
136:
126:
123:
115:
112:December 2016
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
2591:Vacuum pumps
2540:Fireproofing
2324:and services
2320:Professions,
2218:Gas detector
2118:Trickle vent
2093:Smoke damper
2088:Smoke canopy
2083:Space heater
2067:
2013:Plenum space
1948:Heating film
1828:Exhaust hood
1798:Dehumidifier
1738:Blast damper
1733:Barrier pipe
1708:Air purifier
1619:Thermosiphon
1498:Free cooling
1414:Chilled beam
1338:Thermal mass
1323:Stack effect
1308:Particulates
1288:Infiltration
1219:Fundamental
1150:November 16,
1148:. Retrieved
1123:
1117:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1086:
1076:
1064:. Retrieved
1050:
1040:November 16,
1038:. Retrieved
1030:Penton Media
1023:
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
992:
985:
976:
972:
966:
957:
951:
939:. Retrieved
925:
899:. Retrieved
879:
869:September 2,
867:. Retrieved
843:
831:. Retrieved
822:
813:
801:. Retrieved
783:
771:. Retrieved
761:
754:
735:
716:
697:
678:
659:
649:February 21,
647:. Retrieved
630:
626:
616:
604:. Retrieved
590:
578:. Retrieved
569:
560:
541:
529:. Retrieved
520:
510:
487:
475:. Retrieved
450:
411:
403:
399:
390:
377:
369:
360:
351:
335:
318:
302:
271:
254:World War II
249:steam engine
240:
209:
207:
203:wobble-plate
179:supercharger
166:
162:
158:
154:
152:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
2550:Warm Spaces
2192:Blower door
2170:and control
2168:Measurement
2149:Windcatcher
2123:Trombe wall
2063:Sail switch
2043:Refrigerant
2038:Recuperator
1913:Grease duct
1873:Freeze stat
1858:Fire damper
1728:Back boiler
1698:Air ionizer
1693:Air handler
1657:Ventilation
1509:Hybrid heat
1374:Air barrier
1293:Latent heat
1097:January 10,
1066:January 11,
598:. Hitachi.
497:Creux, Léon
396:Reliability
187:vacuum pump
185:) and as a
171:compressing
163:scroll pump
18:Scroll pump
2580:Categories
2306:Thermostat
2228:Humidistat
2159:Zone valve
2128:TurboSwing
2003:Oil heater
1973:Humidifier
1903:Gas heater
1853:Fan heater
1823:Evaporator
1808:Economizer
1783:Compressor
1688:Air filter
1671:Components
1488:Forced-air
1384:Antifreeze
1357:Technology
1303:Outgassing
1243:Convection
823:TestEquity
741:US 4834633
722:US 4875838
703:US 4767293
684:US 4522575
665:US 4216661
547:US 3874827
429:References
372:isentropic
366:Efficiency
242:Léon Creux
82:newspapers
2416:Industry
2265:OpenTherm
1943:Heat pump
1938:Heat pipe
1888:Fume hood
1863:Fireplace
1768:Condenser
1718:Attic fan
1514:Hydronics
1140:117597304
901:March 30,
833:March 30,
803:March 30,
566:"History"
493:US 801182
477:April 26,
467:107387933
191:heat pump
2523:See also
2248:LonWorks
2182:Aquastat
2048:Register
2028:Radiator
1683:Air door
1483:Firestop
1283:Humidity
1258:Enthalpy
1248:Dilution
1233:Bake-out
1221:concepts
1144:Archived
1091:Archived
1060:Archived
1034:Archived
998:Archived
979:: 83–92.
941:July 21,
935:Archived
911:cite web
892:Archived
860:Archived
827:Archived
797:Archived
767:Archived
643:Archived
606:June 17,
600:Archived
574:Archived
525:Archived
471:Archived
417:See also
294:involute
284:such as
278:compress
2322:trades,
1893:Furnace
1758:Chiller
1430:Coolant
1175:YouTube
531:June 3,
286:liquids
262:Hitachi
220:History
96:scholar
2475:SMACNA
2435:ASHRAE
2255:(MERV)
2209:(CADR)
2187:BACnet
2140:(ULPA)
1993:Louver
1918:Grille
1793:Damper
1743:Boiler
1641:(VCRS)
1442:(DOAS)
1138:
1004:May 9,
793:Daikin
747:
728:
709:
690:
671:
580:May 9,
553:
503:
495:,
465:
357:Valves
282:fluids
268:Design
258:Sanden
246:rotary
201:, and
195:rotary
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
2515:(VOC)
2509:(SBS)
2498:(IAQ)
2455:CIBSE
2450:BSRIA
2353:(BIM)
2297:(STP)
2261:(NTP)
1883:Freon
1653:(VRF)
1647:(VAV)
1505:(HRV)
1479:(ERV)
1453:(DCV)
1426:(CAV)
1136:S2CID
895:(PDF)
888:(PDF)
863:(PDF)
852:(PDF)
463:S2CID
290:gases
103:JSTOR
89:books
2470:LEED
2430:AMCA
2425:AHRI
1958:HEPA
1878:Flue
1803:Duct
1152:2021
1099:2007
1068:2013
1042:2021
1006:2019
943:2010
917:link
903:2020
871:2024
835:2020
805:2020
775:2019
651:2007
608:2018
582:2019
533:2019
479:2019
387:Size
370:The
288:and
274:pump
165:and
75:news
2480:UMC
2465:IIR
2445:BRE
1838:Fan
1173:on
1128:doi
1124:141
635:doi
455:doi
58:by
2582::
1142:.
1134:.
1122:.
1116:.
1089:.
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1028:.
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909:{{
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125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
