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433:, Emergency, etc.) or between licensed patient care personnel (nurses, radiologic technologists, respiratory and physical therapists, etc.), unlicensed assistive personnel, and non-patient care support staff (i.e., portering, dietary, unit clerks, etc.). Hospitals may also extend the practice to differentiate non-staff members/visitors.
344:, beneath scrubs. As scrubs are designed to promote a clean environment, the wearing of outside clothing is thought to introduce unwanted pathogens. Nearly all patient care personnel at hospitals in the United States wear some form of scrubs while on duty, as do some staffers in doctor, dental, and veterinary offices.
487:
Scrub caps have graduated from being functional to also being a personalized accessory both in the operating room and outside. Before the antiseptic focus of the 1940s, hats were not considered essential to surgery. From the 1940s through the 1950s, as a hygienic focus swept the industry, hats became
247:
In contrast to today's concept of surgery as a profession that emphasizes cleanliness and conscientiousness, up to the early 20th century the mark of a busy and successful surgeon was the profusion of blood and fluids on their clothes. The importance of dress as a badge of one's class in society was
448:
offices, dental clinics and children's hospitals, and prints for various holidays can be seen throughout the year. Some acute care facilities or larger hospitals also have relaxed rules regarding the wear of non-regulation scrubs in non-surgical units, and they are no longer just the classic v-neck
452:
The scrub industry, much like maternity wear, used to have very limited fashion options. Indeed, scrubs were generally box shaped and ill fitted, often with limited design choices. Over the past 10 years the scrub industry has taken notice of the individual preferences of medical professionals and
436:
In
England and Wales many NHS trusts use different colored scrubs to distinguish between different branches of healthcare professionals, for example anaesthetists may wear maroon. This allows staff and patients to easily spot the workers they are looking for in a high-pressure situation. Piping of
292:
Originally, operating room attire was white to emphasize cleanliness. However, the combination of bright operating lights and an all-white environment led to eye strain for the surgeon and staff. By the 1950s and 1960s, most hospitals had abandoned white operating room apparel in favor of various
495:
In the medical fashion 'revolution' of the seventies, more and more medical professionals began personalizing their scrubs by either sewing their own hats or buying premade hats made of colorful patterned fabric. Several styles were popular, including the 'bouffant' surgical cap, a utilitarian
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Green scrubs are commonly chosen because green is the opposite of red on the color wheel, which helps doctors avoid visual fatigue and desensitization to the red and pink hues of blood and organs during operations. Blue is also a popular choice for the same reasons. Both colors prevent optical
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Surgical scrubs are not generally owned by the wearer. Due to concerns about home laundering and sterility issues, these scrubs are usually hospital-owned or hospital-leased through a commercial linen service. And due to these laundering and sterility limitations, disposable scrub suits were
358:
have stringent clothing policies, and many of these specifically forbid wearing the iconic white coat for medical staff, owing to infection control concerns. This has meant that several hospitals around the UK have opted for scrubs for staff, especially in
Accident and Emergency departments.
369:
Outside of hospitals, scrubs are becoming more common in other areas especially in light of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Non-traditional industries using scrubs include workout facilities, schools, and restaurants. Health and safety standards are critical to restaurants' success and legal
271:, but to protect the surgeon from the patient's diseases. Around the same time, operating theatre staff began wearing heavy rubber gloves to protect their hands from the solutions used to clean the room and equipment, a practice surgeons grudgingly adopted.
511:
Over time, other styles such as the ponytail scrub cap, designed to secure long hair with an elastic pouch at the back, and the pixie scrub cap, which offers a close-fitting design for shorter hair, have also been widely used to provide different fittings.
536:
Shoe covers are used to maintain a sterile environment in operating rooms, and other healthcare settings. They help prevent the transfer of contaminants from the outside environment into sterile areas by covering the shoes of medical staff and visitors.
418:, which may occur from staring at red or pink for extended periods of time. This shift in colour perception allows medical professional to avoid visual confusion when looking at white surfaces or objects like drapes or other uniforms.
503:
In 2016, a controversy emerged in the US around the use of cloth or disposable surgical caps vs mandatory use of bouffant style surgical caps. This controversy ended in state mandates for the use of bouffant caps to comply with
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Bouffant surgical caps are perhaps the most widely used scrub hats in hospitals, and their usage is not limited to only nurses and surgeons: hospital patients are required to wear a bouffant cap when having surgery of any kind.
540:
They are typically made from lightweight, disposable materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, or non-woven fabric. These materials are selected for their durability, resistance to moisture, and ease of disposal.
421:
Non-surgical scrubs come in a wider variety of colors and patterns, ranging from official issue garments to custom made, whether by commercial uniform companies or by home-sewing using commercially available printed
873:
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except for surgery. Support staff such as custodians and unit clerks also wear scrubs in some facilities. When the physician is not performing surgery, the scrub is often worn under a white coat.
308:, and supportive closed-toe shoes. This uniform was originally known as "surgical greens" because of its color, but came to be called "scrubs" because it was worn in a "scrubbed" environment.
768:
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different colors or pattern are also often used to distinguish seniority. Many hospitals have posters in reception areas explaining this system but it is mainly designed for hospital staff.
930:
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standard wear to help protect patients from contaminants in hair. Full-face hats were even designed for men with beards. These hats have been and continue to be distributed by
208:(MRSA) has increased the use of scrubs but can give wearers a false sense of security that they are 'clean' when in fact they are as easily contaminated as any other clothing.
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By the 1940s, advances in surgical antisepsis (now called aseptic technique) and the science of wound infection led to the adoption of antiseptic drapes and gowns for
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In the early 20th century a doctor chose to wore a green scrub instead of white. Use of the color blue followed suit and became more commonplace afterwards.
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202:
232:. The surgeon wore their own clothes, with perhaps a butcher's apron to protect their clothing from blood stains, and they operated bare-handed with non-
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while working in the operating theatre. Hospitals in the UK and the US began providing disposable hijabs as an alternative to surgical caps.
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blend. Over this was worn a tie-back or bouffant-style cloth cap, a gauze or synthetic textile mask, a cloth or synthetic surgical gown,
182:
Their use has been extended outside hospitals as well, to work environments where clothing may come into contact with infectious agents (
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to hide), easy to launder, and cheap to replace if damaged or stained irreparably. In the United
Kingdom, scrubs are sometimes known as
835:
382:
consisting of a short-sleeve shirt and pants is known as "scrubs". Scrubs may also include a waist-length long-sleeved jacket with no
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shades of green, which provided a high-contrast environment, reduced eye fatigue, and made bright red blood splashes less conspicuous.
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theory, some surgeons began wearing cotton gauze masks in surgery; however, this was not to protect the patient from intra-operative
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compliance, and there are many opportunities for bacteria to thrive and spread via menus, tables, and shared condiment shakers.
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Scrubs worn in surgery are almost always colored solid light grey, light green, light blue or a light green-blue shade.
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paramount and the processes behind the transmission of infection were the subject of controversy within the profession.
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hairnet-like hat which typically comes in light blue, and the 'milkmaid', a bonnet-like wrap around hat.
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By the 1970s, surgical attire had largely reached its modern state—a short-sleeve V-necked shirt and
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Some hospitals use scrub color to differentiate between patient care departments (i.e., Surgery,
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Hardy, Susan and
Corones, Anthony, "Dressed to Heal: The Changing Semiotics of Surgical Dress",
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Custom-made printed scrub tops, featuring cartoon characters and cheerful prints, are common in
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866:"No stethoscope, no problem: This scrubs company could be your new favorite athleisure brand"
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224:, surgeons did not wear any kind of specialized garments until well into the 20th century.
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use. Instruments, supplies and dressings were routinely sterilized by exposure to either
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2013:
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personnel, who would put them on when sterilizing themselves, or "scrubbing in", before
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Hardy, Susan and
Corones, Anthony, "The Nurse's Uniform as Ethopoietic Fashion",
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In many operating rooms, it is forbidden to wear any exposed clothing, such as a
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Lightweight, washable clothing worn by hospital staff or other medical personnel
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794:"Lafayette Parish School System: Classroom teachers can wear scrubs this fall"
769:"Teachers can wear scrubs when schools reopen in some Dallas County districts"
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960:"Scrub Reviews: "Nurses, Don't Work Another Shift Until Youv'e Read This!""
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572:"Survival of Enterococci and Staphylococci on Hospital Fabrics and Plastic"
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and other workers involved in patient care. Originally designed for use by
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were sold as open strands with reusable hand-threaded needles; packing
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815:"How Antimicrobial Scrubs and Uniforms Can Keep Your Workplace Safe?"
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have begun to design and manufacture fashionable and unique designs.
394:
469:. The scrubs are cleaned in-house to prevent the spread of disease.
190:, etc.). Scrubs are designed to be simple (with minimal places for
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or a short-sleeve calf-length dress, made of a cotton or cotton/
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Doctors in the United States may wear their own clothes with a
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25:
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scrub tops, but are now offered in many styles and patterns.
1037:"Royal Derby Hospital: Disposable sterile hijabs introduced"
1121:
1081:
Fuller, Joanna
Kotcher; Fuller, Joanna Ruth (2012-11-07).
836:"What are Antimicrobial Scrubs & Should You Buy Them?"
244:
was made of sweepings from the floors of cotton mills.)
465:
January 2015 laundry service in a medical facility in
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and stockinette cuffs, known as a "warm-up jacket".
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
924:
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1117:Frock coats to scrubs: a story of surgical attire
492:(GPOs) who supply hospitals with most equipment.
1137:
1012:"Surgical Scrubs Caps: What You Need to Know"
946:"It's time to discuss surgeon headgear again"
8:
1084:Surgical Technology: Principles and Practice
743:"Should Teachers Be Allowed to Wear Scrubs?"
259:of 1918 and the growing medical interest in
718:"Why Do Doctors Wear Green Or Blue Scrubs?"
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898:"Health Care Workers Deserve Fashion, Too"
692:"Nursing Uniforms of the Past and Present"
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236:instruments and supplies. (Gut and silk
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
562:
711:
709:
1054:Rutherford, Colleen J. (2016-05-12).
984:Rutherford, Colleen J. (2016-05-12).
926:"No more surgical caps for surgeons?"
624:, Vol.21, No.5. (2015), pp. 523-552.
326:University of Maryland Medical Center
7:
54:adding citations to reliable sources
3145:Global trade of secondhand clothing
876:from the original on 16 August 2022
570:Neely, A. N.; Maley, M. P. (2000).
524:women prefer to keep wearing their
933:from the original on Jul 16, 2023.
362:Scrubs are also sometimes used as
322:R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center
14:
895:Friedman, Vanessa (9 June 2021).
749:from the original on Jul 30, 2020
716:Locke, Susannah F. (2013-01-31).
671:from the original on Apr 19, 2013
366:in the U.S. and other countries.
3181:
944:Skeptical Scalpel (2016-04-26).
741:Breault, Joanna (Jul 30, 2020).
576:Journal of Clinical Microbiology
228:procedures were conducted in an
30:
1057:Surgical Equipment and Supplies
987:Surgical Equipment and Supplies
767:Liou, Tiffany (July 16, 2020).
41:needs additional citations for
490:group purchasing organizations
1:
923:Kowalczyk, Liz (2016-08-31).
792:Guidry, Leigh (Aug 3, 2020).
651:10.1080/1362704X.2015.1077653
630:10.1080/1362704X.2016.1203090
589:10.1128/JCM.38.2.724-726.2000
320:American hospital workers at
1087:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
842:. 2020-09-09. Archived from
817:. IQ Group. 14 November 2019
796:. Lafayette Daily Advertiser
175:, they are now worn by many
132:A light blue set of scrubs.
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3155:List of individual dresses
474:introduced in the market.
212:History of surgical attire
18:
3178:
2225:
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690:Udin, Zaf (Feb 3, 2016).
1016:Simply Scrubs Australia
3160:Reconstructed clothing
665:"The Origin of Scrubs"
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407:
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337:
336:wearing scrubs in 2001
203:methicillin-resistant
133:
65:"Scrubs" clothing
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405:
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205:Staphylococcus aureus
131:
3101:Environmental impact
929:. The Boston Globe.
864:Raczka, Rachel Kim.
354:In England, all NHS
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
3188:Clothing portal
1112:Scrubs then and now
1043:. 17 December 2019.
745:. We Are Teachers.
645:, (2015), pp.1-23.
414:illusions, such as
390:Colors and patterns
378:Today, any medical
283:high-pressure steam
216:In contrast to the
147:, are the sanitary
139:, sometimes called
3207:History of fashion
903:The New York Times
471:
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3212:Medical equipment
3194:
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3165:Right to clothing
3089:Halloween costume
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3032:black lounge suit
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2206:
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1985:
1984:
1094:978-1-4557-2506-9
1067:978-0-8036-5795-3
997:978-0-8036-5795-3
230:operating theater
220:long required of
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3227:Suits (clothing)
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3170:Vintage clothing
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2943:Pocket protector
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2183:Bodysuit, infant
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1855:formal, informal
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1690:Ceremonial dress
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298:drawstring pants
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3069:Clothing fetish
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2734:Square leg suit
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2656:Blanket sleeper
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67: –
66:
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61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
3128:Fur clothing
2948:Pocket watch
2269:British Warm
2244:Chesterfield
2155:boxer shorts
2150:boxer briefs
1882:little black
1827:
1535:Bell-bottoms
1505:sweater vest
1083:
1076:
1056:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1020:. Retrieved
1018:. 2022-01-16
1015:
1006:
986:
979:
968:. Retrieved
966:. 2020-08-12
963:
954:
939:
918:
906:. Retrieved
902:
890:
878:. Retrieved
870:Fast Company
869:
859:
848:. Retrieved
844:the original
839:
830:
819:. Retrieved
809:
798:. Retrieved
787:
776:. Retrieved
772:
762:
751:. Retrieved
736:
725:. Retrieved
721:
696:. Retrieved
685:
673:. Retrieved
667:. Medelita.
658:
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467:Sierra Leone
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192:contaminants
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48:Please help
43:verification
40:
3027:Semi-formal
2993:Dress codes
2883:Boutonnière
2865:Accessories
2744:Swim diaper
2739:Swim briefs
2704:Boardshorts
2624:Windbreaker
2385:Suit jacket
2380:Mess jacket
2274:Guards Coat
2193:See-through
1957:Romper suit
1331:Neck gaiter
1326:Neckerchief
1180:Terminology
698:14 November
532:Shoe covers
508:standards.
478:Accessories
444:' offices,
416:afterimages
398:A scrub top
253:Spanish flu
179:personnel.
3201:Categories
2968:Suspenders
2963:Sunglasses
2898:Cummerbund
2888:Coin purse
2792:Flip-flops
2787:Dress shoe
2782:Dress boot
2777:Court shoe
2724:Rash guard
2671:Nightshirt
2545:Harrington
2503:pellegrina
2363:Frock coat
2356:Suit coats
2345:Mackintosh
2286:Over-frock
2145:Underpants
2094:Undershirt
1967:Shirtdress
1808:boilersuit
1705:diplomatic
1667:Yoga pants
1657:Sweatpants
1570:High water
1565:Go-to-hell
1458:sleeveless
1411:halterneck
1401:cache-cœur
1321:Lavallière
1175:Technology
1022:2024-08-14
970:2020-09-18
850:2020-09-18
821:2020-05-18
800:2020-08-03
778:2021-12-01
753:2020-05-18
727:2024-06-19
557:References
551:White coat
483:Scrub caps
446:veterinary
431:Childbirth
349:white coat
265:antiseptic
251:With the "
167:and other
153:physicians
106:April 2020
76:newspapers
3037:black tie
3020:white tie
2928:Jewellery
2845:Pantyhose
2719:One-piece
2666:Nightgown
2638:Nightwear
2476:Inverness
2471:ferraiolo
2296:shadbelly
2264:Greatcoat
2231:Overcoats
2218:outerwear
2064:Underwear
2019:Miniskirt
2004:Ballerina
1921:Strapless
1899:debutante
1894:ball gown
1872:Coatdress
1813:cleanroom
1771:Religious
1766:Political
1662:Windpants
1600:Parachute
1517:Waistcoat
1495:polo neck
908:16 August
880:16 August
330:Baltimore
302:polyester
269:infection
3217:Uniforms
3044:Informal
2973:Umbrella
2918:Headband
2893:Cufflink
2850:Stocking
2835:Hold-ups
2764:Footwear
2714:Monokini
2709:Dry suit
2686:Swimwear
2661:Negligee
2651:Babygrow
2646:Babydoll
2614:Ski suit
2597:bathrobe
2577:Lab coat
2555:mackinaw
2498:mozzetta
2488:monastic
2449:pinafore
2412:Tailcoat
2340:Raincoat
2120:Leggings
2089:Camisole
2069:lingerie
1977:Sundress
1877:Cocktail
1862:Backless
1803:Workwear
1786:vestment
1781:clerical
1761:Pantsuit
1727:Military
1722:Jumpsuit
1717:Jodhpuri
1695:academic
1682:uniforms
1652:Slim-fit
1640:hotpants
1590:Overalls
1585:Jodhpurs
1527:Trousers
1480:guernsey
1475:cardigan
1416:tube top
1406:crop top
1298:Neckwear
1273:Kerchief
1214:baseball
1196:Headwear
1185:Timeline
1170:Industry
1153:Clothing
1041:BBC News
931:Archived
874:Archived
773:wfaa.com
747:Archived
669:Archived
608:10655374
545:See also
457:Cleaning
424:patterns
334:Maryland
257:pandemic
226:Surgical
218:uniforms
188:midwives
177:hospital
165:surgeons
161:dentists
151:worn by
149:clothing
3140:Fursuit
3106:Fashion
3079:Costume
3062:Related
3002:Western
2923:Handbag
2908:Glasses
2903:Gaiters
2873:Armband
2822:Legwear
2812:Sneaker
2807:Slipper
2754:Wetsuit
2699:Burkini
2676:Pajamas
2560:Norfolk
2550:leather
2515:Cut-off
2461:Cagoule
2456:Blouson
2422:morning
2395:smoking
2368:bekishe
2325:Paletot
2125:Panties
2034:Rah-rah
2029:Prairie
1926:Wedding
1911:Prairie
1889:Evening
1840:Dresses
1776:cassock
1742:service
1645:running
1630:dolphin
1625:dycling
1620:Bermuda
1595:Palazzo
1575:Lowrise
1540:Bondage
1510:twinset
1470:Sweater
1423:Cycling
1336:Necktie
1251:homburg
1165:History
675:13 July
380:uniform
342:t-shirt
238:sutures
234:sterile
173:surgery
90:scholar
3049:Casual
3010:Formal
2978:Wallet
2933:Livery
2913:Gloves
2855:Tights
2840:Garter
2797:Sandal
2749:Trunks
2694:Bikini
2587:Poncho
2572:Jerkin
2565:safari
2540:goggle
2535:flight
2525:Jacket
2510:Coatee
2483:Mantle
2400:sports
2390:Blazer
2308:Ulster
2303:Trench
2291:Riding
2259:Duster
2254:Duffel
2249:Covert
2160:briefs
2110:Diaper
2103:Bottom
2039:Sarong
2024:Pencil
1999:A-line
1991:Skirts
1962:Sheath
1952:Jumper
1940:Casual
1828:scrubs
1818:hazmat
1798:Prison
1793:School
1754:combat
1747:sailor
1615:Shorts
1560:Formal
1490:jersey
1485:hoodie
1448:Henley
1433:Mantle
1396:Blouse
1378:Tippet
1361:school
1356:kipper
1311:Choker
1283:Turban
1263:Helmet
1246:fedora
1241:bowler
1236:boater
1091:
1064:
994:
606:
596:
522:Muslim
384:lapels
261:Lister
222:nurses
157:nurses
137:Scrubs
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
3133:types
2983:Watch
2958:Spats
2729:Sling
2609:Shawl
2582:Parka
2520:Gilet
2493:royal
2444:Apron
2437:Other
2417:dress
2373:rekel
2318:opera
2313:Cloak
2281:Greca
2212:Coats
2198:Teddy
2140:Thong
2044:Skort
2014:Men's
2009:Denim
1947:House
1906:Plain
1845:gowns
1823:space
1700:court
1677:Suits
1580:Jeans
1555:Chaps
1550:Cargo
1545:Capri
1500:shrug
1443:dress
1438:Shirt
1428:Kurta
1373:Scarf
1366:stock
1341:ascot
1306:Bands
1204:Beret
599:86187
526:hijab
520:Some
242:gauze
97:JSTOR
83:books
21:Scrub
3150:Laws
2953:Sash
2938:Muff
2878:Belt
2830:Sock
2802:Shoe
2772:Boot
2592:Robe
2530:down
2466:Cape
2405:Teba
2335:Polo
2171:Full
2135:Slip
2067:and
2054:Wrap
2049:Tutu
1972:Slip
1931:Wrap
1843:and
1737:mess
1732:full
1712:Folk
1610:Phat
1453:polo
1388:Tops
1346:bolo
1288:Veil
1278:Mask
1268:Hood
1224:knit
1219:flat
1089:ISBN
1062:ISBN
992:ISBN
910:2022
882:2022
700:2011
677:2011
604:PMID
69:news
2330:Pea
2239:Car
2215:and
2084:Bra
2077:Top
1679:and
1635:gym
1351:bow
1256:top
1231:Hat
1209:Cap
647:doi
626:doi
594:PMC
584:doi
328:in
324:at
312:Use
285:or
263:'s
143:or
52:by
3203::
1039:.
1014:.
962:.
901:.
872:.
868:.
838:.
771:.
720:.
708:^
602:.
592:.
580:38
578:.
574:.
426:.
332:,
289:.
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198:.
186:,
159:,
155:,
1463:T
1145:e
1138:t
1131:v
1097:.
1070:.
1025:.
1000:.
973:.
948:.
912:.
884:.
853:.
824:.
803:.
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94:·
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