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Sefirot

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2003:, both the God-world relationship, and the inner nature of the divine. These include the metaphor of the soul-body relationship, the functions of human soul-powers, the configuration of human bodily form, and female-male influences in the divine. Kabbalists repeatedly warn and stress the need to divorce their notions from any corporality, dualism, plurality, or spatial and temporal connotations. As "the Torah speaks in the language of Man", the empirical terms are necessarily imposed upon human experience in this world. Once the analogy is described, its limitations are then related to stripping the kernel of its husk to arrive at a truer conception. Nonetheless, Kabbalists carefully chose their terminology to denote subtle connotations and profound relationships in the divine spiritual influences. More accurately, as they see the emanation of the material world from the spiritual realms, the analogous anthropomorphisms and material metaphors themselves derive through cause and effect from their precise root analogies on High. 2072:
structures reveal the divine essence, and how this inwardness can be perceived. This difference can be seen in the names of these two stages of Jewish mysticism. "Kabbalah" in Hebrew is derived from "kabal" (to "receive" as a vessel). "Hasidut" is from "chesed" ("loving-kindness"), considered the first and greatest sefirah, also called "Greatness", the wish to reveal and share. The names of the sefirot come from Kabbalah, and describe the Divine effect that each has upon Creation, but not their inner qualities. Hasidic thought uses new descriptive terms for the inner dimensions of the sefirot:
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its place is...so the Holy One, Blessed is He..." Together with the metaphor of light, the Man-metaphor is central in Kabbalah. Nonetheless, it too has its limitations, needs qualification, and breaks down if taken as a literal, corporeal comparison. Its limitations include the effect of the body on the soul, while the World effects no change in God; and the distinct, separate origins of the soul and the body, while in relation to God's omnipresence, especially in its acosmic Hasidic development, all creation is nullified in its source.
632: 282: 1709: 4987: 256: 124: 5001: 36: 1785:. However, the names of the sefirot as given in later Kabbalah are not specified there, but rather are only identified by their attributes "forward," "backward," "right," "left," "down," "up," "light," "darkness," "good" and "evil." Further references to the sefirot, now with their later-accepted names, are elaborated on in the medieval Kabbalistic text of the 77: 2051:", their structural role describes the particular identity each sefirah possesses from its characteristic vessel. Underlying this functional structure of the sefirot, each one possesses a hidden, inner spiritual motivation that inspires its activity. This forms the particular characteristic of inner light within each sefirah. 457:), the sefirot should not be understood as ten gods, but rather as ten different channels through which the one God reveals His will. In later Jewish literature, the ten sefirot refer either to the ten manifestations of God; the ten powers or faculties of the soul; or the ten structural forces of nature. 2295:
with the finite, physical realm. In all Worlds, the 10 sefirot radiate, and are the divine channels through which every level is continuously created from nothing. Since they are the attributes through which the unknowable, infinite divine essence becomes revealed to the creations, all ten emanate in
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Keter, the Crown, is the first sefirah. It is the superconscious intermediary between God and the other, conscious sefirot. Three different levels, or "heads," are identified within Keter. In some contexts, the highest level of Keter is called "The unknowable head," The second level is "the head of
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1:27, "God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him, male and female He created them"), and more widely, all creations as reflections of their life source in the sefirot. Therefore, the sefirot also describe the spiritual life of man, break down man's psychological processes,
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on which it bases its approach include, "From my flesh I envisage God", and the rabbinic analogy "As the soul permeates the whole body...sees but is not seen...sustains the whole body...is pure...abides in the innermost precincts...is unique in the body...does not eat and drink...no man knows where
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is primarily concerned with their inner dimensions, and exploring the direct, enlivening contribution of each in man's spiritual worship of God. Kabbalah focuses on the esoteric manifestations of God in creation, the vessels of divinity. Hasidut looks at the lights that fill these vessels, how the
593:(lit: without end) is an important concept in Jewish Kabbalah. Generally translated as "infinity" and "endless", the Ein Sof represents the formless state of the universe before the self-materialization of God. In other words, the Ein Sof is God before he decided to become God as we now know him. 2393:
As the four Worlds link the Infinite with this realm, they also enable the soul to ascend in devotion or mystical states, towards the Divine. Each World can be understood as descriptive of dimensional levels of intentionality related to the natural human "desire to receive", and a method for the
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of God's light, which introduced a diversity of emanations from the infinite divine essence. This was necessary due to the inability of humanity to exist in God's infinite presence. God does not change; rather, it is our ability to perceive his emanations that is modified. This is stressed in
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The sefirot are divine emanations that come from the Ein Sof in a manner often described as a flame. The sefirot emanate from above to below. As the first Sefira is closest to Ein Sof, it is the least comprehensible to the human mind, while in turn the last is the best understood because it is
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Understanding the sefirot throughout Jewish mysticism is achieved by their correspondence to the human soul. This applies to the outer, Kabbalistic structure of the sefirot. It applies even more to their inner dimensions, which correspond to inner psychological qualities in human perception.
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In the Zohar and elsewhere, there are these four Worlds or planes of existence. In the Lurianic system of Kabbalah, five Worlds are counted, comprising these and a higher, fifth plane, Adam Kadmon-manifest Godhead level, that mediates between the Ein Sof and the four lower Worlds.
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In Kabbalah, there is a direct correspondence between the Hebrew name of any spiritual or physical phenomenon and its manifestations in the mundane world. The Hebrew name represents the unique essence of the object. This reflects the belief that the universe is created through the
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As all levels of Creation are constructed around the 10 sefirot, their names in Kabbalah describe the particular role each plays in forming reality. These are the external dimensions of the sefirot, describing their functional roles in channelling the divine, creative
475:) are seen as unconscious and conscious manifestations of the same principle, conserving the 10 categories. The sefirot are described as channels of divine creative life force or consciousness through which the unknowable divine essence is revealed to mankind. 2022:
and philosophical literature. Kabbalah extends the Man-metaphor more radically to anthropomorphise particular divine manifestations on high, while repeatedly stressing the need to divest analogies from impure materialistic corporality. Classical
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and constitute the conceptual paradigm in Kabbalah for understanding everything. This relationship between the soul of man and the divine gives Kabbalah one of its two central metaphors in describing divinity, alongside the other
2300:("Physical Asiyah"), the physical Universe. Each World is progressively grosser and further removed from consciousness of the Divine, until in this World it is possible to be unaware of or to deny God. In descending order: 460:
Alternative configurations of the sefirot are interpreted by various schools in the historical evolution of Kabbalah, with each articulating differing spiritual aspects. The tradition of enumerating 10 is stated in the
2385:): On this level creation is relegated to its physical aspect, the only physical realm and the lowest World, this realm with all its creatures. The Divine Kingship of Malchut predominates, the purpose of Creation. 1806:), the sefirot are perceived as a constellation of forces in active dialogue with one another at every stage of that evolution. Luria described the sefirot as complex and dynamically interacting entities known as 564:(personas). Underlying the structural purpose of each sefirah is a hidden motivational force which is understood best by comparison with a corresponding psychological state in human spiritual experience. 2296:
each World. Nonetheless, the structure of the Four Worlds arises because in each one, certain sefirot predominate. Each World is spiritual, apart from the lower aspect of the final World, which is the
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in daily life, acts of loving-kindness and prayer; and inwardly in its profound new articulation of Jewish mystical thought, by relating it to the inner life of man. Articulation of the sefirot in
558:(light) metaphor. However, Kabbalah repeatedly stresses the need to avoid all corporeal interpretation. Through this, the sefirot are related to the structure of the body and are reformed into 1874:
In the 16th-century rational synthesis of Moses ben Jacob Cordovero (Cordoveran Kabbalah), the first complete systemization of Kabbalah, the sefirot are listed from highest to lowest:
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soul's progress upward toward unity with or return to the Creator. (The terminology of this formulation is based on the exposition of Lurianic Kabbalah by the 20th century Kabbalist
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See, for example, the classic passage from the Zohar beginning "Elijah opened his discourse " that is read every Friday afternoon to prepare for the Sabbath, in the Habad Siddur "
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These ten levels are associated with Kabbalah's four different "Worlds" or planes of existence, the main part from the perspective of the descending "chain of progression" (
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Identifying the essential spiritual properties of the soul gives the best insight into their divine source, and in the process reveals the spiritual beauty of the soul. In
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represents Keter in its knowable form, the concept of knowledge. Will and knowledge are corresponding somewhat dependent opposites. The seven subsequent sefirot (
3564: 2321:): In this level the light of the Ein Sof radiates and is united with its source. Divine Chochmah, the limitless flash of wisdom beyond grasp, predominates. 4841: 3359: 5052: 94: 86: 3388: 4887: 1744:'sphere'). However, early Kabbalists presented several other etymological possibilities: a "counting" or "enumeration"; or from the same 5042: 3987: 3441: 3982: 3296: 3255: 3214: 3192: 3166: 3147: 3121: 3099: 3009: 2974: 2955: 2895: 2876: 2640: 2476: 2006:
Describing the material world below in general, and humans in particular, as created in the "image" of the world above is not restricted in
2933: 1850:"Light" that it emanates, like the difference between the single body of the sun and the multiple rays of sunlight that illuminate a room. 467:, "Ten sefirot of nothingness, ten and not nine, ten and not eleven". As altogether 11 sefirot are listed across the various schemes, two ( 4002: 3997: 3421: 4814: 3691: 2537: 2501: 1695: 1172: 3842: 3696: 3277: 3236: 3031: 311: 225: 207: 63: 5032: 3751: 3659: 2914: 2529: 1530: 866: 281: 4916: 549:, then inwardly nurtures and gives birth to the sefirot below them. Kabbalah sees the human soul as mirroring the divine (after 4110: 2345:, where the souls and angels have self-awareness, but without form. Divine Binah, the intellectual understanding, predominates. 1840:
Kabbalah to avoid heretical notions of any plurality in the Godhead. One parable to explain this is the difference between the
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for its alleged introduction of diversity into Jewish monotheism. The seeming plurality of the One God is a result of the
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Kabbalah, the forces of creation are considered autonomous forces that evolve independently. By contrast, in Lurean or
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10a, Midrash Tehillim 103:4,5, Tikunei Zohar 13:28a and later Kabbalistic commentary. Cited in footnote 7, chapter 1,
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Mystical Concepts in Chassidism: An Introduction to Kabbalistic Concepts and Doctrines
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Zalman, HaRav Shneur (n.d.). Mindel, Nissan; Schochet, Ya'acov Immanuel (eds.).
2986:"Emanations Interact: The sefirot are understood in the shape of the human form" 2749: 2282: 1803: 1312: 1069: 781: 671: 434: 123: 4858: 4565: 4147: 3741: 3489: 3411: 2337: 2024: 1745: 1538: 1384: 1230: 1144: 962: 952: 2703: 2701: 4779: 4244: 4135: 4046: 3664: 3598: 2015: 1808: 1456: 947: 815: 746: 706: 701: 560: 490: 3615: 3313: 3004:. Translated by Y. Greenberg; S. S. Handelman. Kehot Publication Society. 4498: 4440: 4385: 4380: 4051: 3090:
An Entrance to the Tree of Life: A Key to the Portals of Jewish Mysticism
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these inner dimensions of the sefirot are called the Powers of the Soul (
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Sefirotic Systems in the Sefer Yetsira, Bahir and Post-Zohar Kabbalah
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The Pagan Eden: The Assyrian Origins of the Kabbalistic Tree of Life
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The Secret of Secrets: The Unwritten Mysteries of Esoteric Qabbalah
1781:"The Book of Formation," attributed to the first Jewish patriarch, 4735: 4730: 4684: 4639: 4560: 4555: 3819: 3574: 3544: 2247: 2096: 1787: 1707: 1494: 906: 860: 844: 530: 479: 468: 4834: 3368: 2157: 1772:"sapphire." This term had complex connotations within Kabbalah. 3341: 366: 2048: 1846: 1775:
The original reference to the sefirot is found in the ancient
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are feminine, as the female principle in Kabbalah describes a
117: 70: 29: 3051:] (Bi-Lingual Hebrew-English ed.). Kehot Publishing. 1812:"faces," each with its own symbolically human-like persona. 437:). The term is alternatively transliterated into English as 2612: 2610: 1827:
In its early 12th-century dissemination, Kabbalah garnered
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Kabbalah and Jewish Mysticism: An Introductory Anthology
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It Was Taught: Collected Sayings: Book of Intermediates
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The Tiberian Pronunciation Tradition of Biblical Hebrew
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closest to the material world that humanity dwells on.
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speech of God, as stated in the first chapter of the
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Retrieved 1 November 2009 2806:at www.inner.org. Retrieved 1 November 2009 2032:Inner dimensions and the powers of the soul 1820:), and the third level is "the long head" ( 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 3522: 3360: 3346: 3338: 3094:. Jerusalem: Research Centre of Kabbalah. 2740:, ch. 1, "Anthropomorphism and Metaphors". 2655: 1696: 1682: 1483: 1177: 799: 610: 312: 298: 3044:Tanya: Likutei Amarim: Sefer Shel Benonim 2667: 2589: 2135:(Revelation inspires self nullification) 433:(the chained descent of the metaphysical 226:Learn how and when to remove this message 208:Learn how and when to remove this message 3389:Index of Jewish history-related articles 2737: 2707: 2679: 2074: 2010:to Kabbalah, but abounds more widely in 1876: 4888:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 3231:. Translated by Aryeh Kaplan. Aronson. 3116:. 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Open Book Publishers. 2255:(Drive to verify connection in task) 2210:(Balances kindness with restriction) 7: 3319:Diagram of 10 Sefirot and Attributes 3183:Qabalistic Concepts: Living the Tree 2907:What You Need to Know about Kabbalah 2225:(Confidence inspires determination) 1999:analogies and metaphors to describe 146:adding citations to reliable sources 99:move details into the article's body 19:"Sephiroth" redirects here. For the 2376: 2356: 2332: 2312: 2240:(Sincere response to Divine Glory) 2165:(Union with idea awakens emotions) 2081:Outer function in Divinity and soul 1722: 450: 385: 4835:YIVO Institute for Jewish Research 4815:American Jewish Historical Society 3246:Macdonald, Michael-Albion (1986). 2909:. Jerusalem: Gal Einai Institute. 2291:), that links the infinite divine 14: 3270:On The Kabbalah and its Symbolism 2890:. 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The next three sefirot ( 405: 18: 16:Ten emanations in Kabbalah 4974: 4830:Yeshiva University Museum 4810:Center for Jewish History 3379: 2725:31b and other sources in 2710:, Chapter on the sefirot. 1584:Classic Mussar literature 1390:Chaim Joseph David Azulai 1308:Moses ben Jacob Cordovero 876:rationalism with Kabbalah 489:that is beyond conscious 252: 240: 25:Sephiroth (Final Fantasy) 3422:Ancient Israel and Judah 3020:Schochet, Jacob Immanuel 2235:-Splendour/Thanksgiving 2113:(soul rooted in delight) 1985:Man-metaphor in Kabbalah 1760:("boundary" - ספר), and 1544:Eras of Rabbinic Judaism 1140:Pilgrimage to holy grave 1033:Non-Orthodox interest in 997:Hasidic-Mitnagdic schism 978:Eastern European Judaism 867:Kabbalistic commentaries 697:Jewish angelic hierarchy 575:into daily inspiration ( 5033:Concepts in metaphysics 3798:North African Sephardim 3771:Jewish tribes of Arabia 3203:Halevi, Z'ev ben Shimon 3142:. London: Ernest Benn. 3026:(3rd ed.). Kehot. 2492:Khan, Geoffrey (2020). 2223:Bitachon – "Confidence" 2133:Bittul – "Selflessness" 1729:), was a loanword from 1520:Talmudical hermeneutics 1400:Schneur Zalman of Liadi 757:Names of God in Judaism 727:Messianic rectification 607:Tree of life (Kabbalah) 482:, describes the divine 4901:Holocaust Encyclopedia 4871:Jewish Virtual Library 2984:Miller, Moshe (n.d.). 2155:Assimilated Intellect: 1948:(Secondary emotions:) 1756:"recounting a story," 1713: 1323:Judah Loew ben Bezalel 886:Selective influence on 273: 4848:Encyclopaedia Judaica 4630:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh 3815:Sephardic Bnei Anusim 3565:Udmurt and Tatar Jews 2965:Kurzweil, A. (2011). 2780:Overview of Chassidut 2193:Yirah – "Fear" of God 1995:Kabbalah uses subtle 1711: 737:Kabbalistic astrology 271: 3427:Second Temple period 3187:. Red Wheel Weiser. 3138:The Mystical Qabalah 3114:The Kabbalistic Tree 3061:: CS1 maint: year ( 2967:Kabbalah For Dummies 2518:Trachtenberg, Joshua 2270:(The Highest Light) 1928:(Primary emotions:) 1625:Divine transcendence 1375:Moshe Chaim Luzzatto 1370:Dov Ber of Mezeritch 1135:Pilgrimage to Tzadik 1026:Academic interest in 142:improve this article 4865:Jewish Encyclopedia 4610:Hekhalot literature 4421:Religious movements 3956:Judeo-Tripolitanian 3250:. Heptangle Books. 3157:Freer, Ian (2013). 2617:Cohn-Sherbok (2006) 2289:Seder hishtalshelut 2205:-Beautiful harmony 2130:-Insight of Wisdom 1903:Conscious intellect 1844:"Luminary" and the 1837:spiritual evolution 1648:for the 613 Mitzvot 1646:Kabbalistic reasons 1559:Rabbinic literature 1531:Jewish commentaries 1145:Lag BaOmer at Meron 1130:Tikkun Leil Shavuot 931:Popular Kabbalistic 915:Cordoveran Kabbalah 677:Seder hishtalshelut 478:The first sefirah, 431:seder hishtalshelut 5063:Religious diagrams 5058:Trees in mythology 5006:Judaism portal 4942:Jews and Halloween 4937:Jews and Christmas 4327:Rabbinic authority 4079:Judaeo-Piedmontese 3512:Xueta Christianity 3417:Origins of Judaism 3384:Outline of Judaism 3161:. Collective Ink. 2992:. Kabbalah Online. 2349:World of Formation 2343:creation ex nihilo 2305:World of Emanation 2220:-Victory/Eternity 2140:Grasped Intellect: 2069:Hasidic philosophy 1924:Conscious emotions 1917:- "Understanding" 1714: 1659:Jewish eschatology 1447:Abraham Isaac Kook 1421:Nachman of Breslov 1160:Practical Kabbalah 948:Baal Shem-Nistarim 909:16th-century Safed 856:Prophetic Kabbalah 851:Toledano tradition 828:Chassidei Ashkenaz 722:Sparks of holiness 569:Hasidic philosophy 439:sephirot/sephiroth 274: 5015: 5014: 4981:extinct languages 4882:YIVO Encyclopedia 4657:Hebrew literature 4625:Sefer HaEtz Chaim 4465:Reconstructionist 4143:Judaeo-Portuguese 3832: 3831: 3788:Eastern Sephardim 3432:Synagogal Judaism 3298:978-1-56821-929-5 3291:. Jason Aronson. 3257:978-0-935214-08-6 3216:978-1-909171-41-1 3194:978-1-57863-000-4 3168:978-1-78099-961-6 3149:978-0-510-41001-8 3123:978-0-271-09345-1 3101:978-0-943688-35-0 3011:978-0-8266-0470-5 2976:978-1-118-06862-5 2957:978-0-87728-855-8 2897:978-1-85168-454-0 2878:978-0-85244-259-3 2656:Schneerson (1986) 2642:978-1-5128-2436-0 2478:978-1-5128-2436-0 2325:World of Creation 2274: 2273: 2175:-Loving-kindness 2102:Essence of Keter: 2089: 2085:Inner experience: 2082: 1982: 1981: 1833:Jewish philosophy 1802:(the Kabbalah of 1800:Lurianic Kabbalah 1743: 1706: 1705: 1671: 1670: 1640:Divine providence 1589:Ashkenazi Judaism 1564:Talmudic theology 1471: 1470: 1194:Simeon bar Yochai 1075:Mystical exegesis 1055: 1054: 1021:religious Zionism 1013:Hasidic dynasties 973:Beit El Synagogue 925:Maharal's thought 920:Lurianic Kabbalah 902:Spanish expulsion 772:Tzadikim Nistarim 414: 394: 322: 321: 236: 235: 228: 218: 217: 210: 192: 116: 115: 95:length guidelines 68: 5070: 5038:Jewish mysticism 5004: 5003: 5002: 4989: 4988: 4121:Judeo-Golpaygani 3722:Palestinian Jews 3697:Alexandrian Jews 3653:Crimean Karaites 3570:Unterlander Jews 3523: 3437:Rabbinic Judaism 3362: 3355: 3348: 3339: 3302: 3283: 3266:Scholem, Gershom 3261: 3242: 3220: 3209:. Bet El Trust. 3198: 3186: 3177:Gray, William G. 3172: 3153: 3141: 3127: 3105: 3093: 3066: 3060: 3052: 3037: 3015: 2993: 2980: 2961: 2950:. Weiser Books. 2939: 2935:978-965-7146-125 2920: 2901: 2882: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2850: 2845: 2837: 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2795: 2789: 2783: 2777: 2771: 2759: 2753: 2747: 2741: 2735: 2729: 2717: 2711: 2705: 2696: 2689: 2683: 2677: 2671: 2668:Ginsburgh (2007) 2665: 2659: 2653: 2647: 2646: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2590:Ginsburgh (2006) 2587: 2566: 2560: 2554: 2553: 2528:. Philadelphia: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2462: 2446: 2439: 2378: 2358: 2334: 2314: 2190:-Might/Severity 2163:Yichud – "Union" 2104:Emunah – "Faith" 2094:Above conscious: 2087: 2080: 2075: 2008:Rabbinic Judaism 1877: 1738: 1736: 1725: 1724: 1698: 1691: 1684: 1630:Divine immanence 1594:Sephardi Judaism 1484: 1431:Shlomo Eliyashiv 1251:Menahem Recanati 1236:Abraham Abulafia 1178: 1035:Jewish mysticism 1028:Jewish mysticism 894:Hermetic Qabalah 800: 634: 611: 573:Jewish mysticism 453: 452: 425:, through which 409: 407: 399: 389: 387: 379: 378: 375: 374: 371: 368: 365: 362: 359: 354: 353: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 314: 307: 300: 289:The Tree of Life 284: 257: 238: 231: 224: 213: 206: 202: 199: 193: 191: 150: 126: 118: 111: 108: 102: 93:Please read the 79: 78: 71: 60: 38: 37: 30: 5078: 5077: 5073: 5072: 5071: 5069: 5068: 5067: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5011: 5000: 4998: 4970: 4796: 4661: 4533: 4407: 4301: 4116:Judeo-Borujerdi 4091:Judeo-Malayalam 4037:Judeo-Aragonese 4008:Lishanid Noshan 3840: 3828: 3560:Oberlander Jews 3521: 3451: 3393: 3375: 3366: 3310: 3305: 3299: 3286: 3280: 3264: 3258: 3245: 3239: 3223: 3217: 3201: 3195: 3175: 3169: 3156: 3150: 3130: 3124: 3108: 3102: 3084:Berg, Philip S. 3078: 3074: 3072:Further reading 3069: 3053: 3040: 3034: 3018: 3012: 2996: 2983: 2977: 2964: 2958: 2948:Sepher Yetzirah 2942: 2936: 2923: 2917: 2904: 2898: 2885: 2879: 2866: 2862: 2857: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2838: 2834: 2826: 2822: 2814: 2810: 2802: 2798: 2790: 2786: 2778: 2774: 2760: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2738:Schochet (1998) 2736: 2732: 2718: 2714: 2708:Schochet (1998) 2706: 2699: 2690: 2686: 2680:Kurzweil (2011) 2678: 2674: 2666: 2662: 2654: 2650: 2643: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2615: 2608: 2600: 2596: 2588: 2569: 2561: 2557: 2540: 2532:. p. 333. 2516: 2515: 2511: 2504: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2479: 2464: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2449: 2443:Tehillat HaShem 2440: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2404: 2369:World of Action 2285: 2279: 2277:The four worlds 2269: 2261: 2254: 2246: 2239: 2231: 2224: 2216: 2209: 2201: 2194: 2186: 2179: 2171: 2164: 2156: 2149: 2148:Simchah – "Joy" 2145:-Understanding 2141: 2134: 2126: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2095: 2086: 2079: 2061:Kochos HaNefesh 2057:Hasidic thought 2040: 2038:Kochos hanefesh 2034: 1997:anthropomorphic 1993: 1987: 1969: 1967: 1966:- "Foundation" 1961: 1955: 1949: 1947: 1941: 1940:- "Discipline" 1935: 1889:Super-conscious 1865:Book of Genesis 1856: 1831:who adhered to 1702: 1673: 1672: 1650: 1647: 1535: 1532: 1515:Pardes exegesis 1481: 1473: 1472: 1360:Chaim ibn Attar 1339:Isaiah Horowitz 1298:Shlomo Alkabetz 1288:Meir ibn Gabbai 1267:Bahya ben Asher 1210:Isaac the Blind 1175: 1165: 1164: 1065: 1057: 1056: 1037: 1034: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1020: 992:Lithuanian Jews 983:Hasidic Judaism 935: 932: 911: 908: 904: 901: 900:Mysticism after 890: 888:Western thought 887: 883: 878: 875: 871: 868: 797: 787: 786: 762:Shemhamphorasch 642: 609: 603: 587: 443:sefira/sephirah 356: 332: 328: 318: 275: 270: 232: 221: 220: 219: 214: 203: 197: 194: 151: 149: 139: 127: 112: 106: 103: 92: 89:may be too long 84:This article's 80: 76: 39: 35: 28: 23:character, see 17: 12: 11: 5: 5076: 5074: 5066: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5020: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5009: 4995: 4975: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4968: 4967: 4966: 4965: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4948:non-Christian 4946: 4945: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4904: 4897: 4890: 4885: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4844: 4839: 4838: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4806: 4804: 4798: 4797: 4795: 4794: 4789: 4788: 4787: 4782: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4751: 4750: 4740: 4739: 4738: 4733: 4723: 4718: 4717: 4716: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4694: 4689: 4688: 4687: 4682: 4671: 4669: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4647:Shulchan Aruch 4644: 4643: 4642: 4637: 4635:Sefer Yetzirah 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4615:Pardes Rimonim 4612: 4605:Kabbalah texts 4602: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4575: 4574: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4549: 4543: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4531: 4526: 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3921: 3920: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3848: 3846: 3834: 3833: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3826: 3825: 3824: 3823: 3822: 3812: 3811: 3810: 3800: 3795: 3793:Livornese Jews 3790: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3773: 3763: 3762: 3761: 3760: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3684: 3683: 3682: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3640: 3635: 3634: 3633: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3612: 3611: 3606: 3596: 3595: 3594: 3589: 3579: 3578: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3540:Afrikaner-Jode 3531: 3529: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3508: 3507: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3461: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3403: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3392: 3391: 3386: 3380: 3377: 3376: 3367: 3365: 3364: 3357: 3350: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3309: 3308:External links 3306: 3304: 3303: 3297: 3284: 3278: 3262: 3256: 3243: 3237: 3227:, ed. (1995). 3221: 3215: 3199: 3193: 3173: 3167: 3154: 3148: 3128: 3122: 3106: 3100: 3080:Ashlag, Yehuda 3075: 3073: 3070: 3068: 3067: 3038: 3032: 3016: 3010: 2994: 2981: 2975: 2962: 2956: 2940: 2934: 2921: 2915: 2902: 2896: 2883: 2877: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2855: 2832: 2820: 2808: 2796: 2784: 2772: 2754: 2742: 2730: 2712: 2697: 2684: 2682:, p. 261. 2672: 2660: 2648: 2641: 2621: 2606: 2594: 2567: 2555: 2539:978-0812218626 2538: 2509: 2503:978-1783746767 2502: 2484: 2477: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2433: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2421: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2403: 2400: 2387: 2386: 2366: 2346: 2322: 2281:Main article: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2257: 2256: 2253:Emet – "Truth" 2251: 2242: 2241: 2236: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2212: 2211: 2206: 2197: 2196: 2191: 2182: 2181: 2176: 2167: 2166: 2161: 2152: 2151: 2146: 2137: 2136: 2131: 2122: 2121: 2100: 2091: 2090: 2083: 2036:Main article: 2033: 2030: 2001:God in Judaism 1989:Main article: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1979: 1960:- "Splendour" 1926: 1920: 1919: 1905: 1899: 1898: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1855: 1852: 1822:reisha d'arich 1816:nothingness" ( 1778:Sefer Yetzirah 1716:The singular, 1704: 1703: 1701: 1700: 1693: 1686: 1678: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1668: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1644: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1620:God in Judaism 1614: 1613: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1604:Jewish studies 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1529: 1528: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1510:Ruach HaKodesh 1507: 1502: 1497: 1489: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1468: 1467: 1466: 1460: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1441: 1440: 1436: 1435: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1405:Chaim Volozhin 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1380:Shalom Sharabi 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1354: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1347: 1346: 1344:Abraham Azulai 1341: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1269: 1261: 1260: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1218: 1217: 1212: 1204: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1197: 1196: 1191: 1183: 1182: 1176: 1171: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1157: 1155:Rosicrucianism 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1125:Tikkun Chatzot 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1066: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1031: 1024: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1007: 1006: 1002: 1001: 1000: 999: 994: 989: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 942: 941: 937: 936: 929: 928: 927: 922: 917: 905: 898: 897: 896: 884: 879: 872: 865: 864: 863: 858: 853: 848: 838: 837: 833: 832: 831: 830: 825: 822:Sefer Yetzirah 818: 813: 805: 804: 798: 793: 792: 789: 788: 785: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 717:Tohu and Tikun 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 649: 643: 640: 639: 636: 635: 627: 626: 620: 619: 605:Main article: 602: 599: 586: 583: 484:superconscious 464:Sefer Yetzirah 320: 319: 317: 316: 309: 302: 294: 292: 285: 277: 276: 253: 250: 249: 234: 233: 216: 215: 130: 128: 121: 114: 113: 83: 81: 74: 69: 43: 42: 40: 33: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5075: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5008: 5007: 4996: 4994: 4993: 4984: 4983: 4982: 4978: 4973: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4932:Protestantism 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4914: 4913: 4910: 4909: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4896: 4895: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4883: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4866: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4805: 4803: 4799: 4793: 4790: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4777: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4728: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4715: 4712: 4711: 4710: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4677: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4670: 4668: 4664: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4620:Sefer HaBahir 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4607: 4606: 4603: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4579: 4576: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4547:Sifrei Kodesh 4545: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4536: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4481: 4478: 4477: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4449: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4433: 4432: 4429: 4428: 4427: 4424: 4423: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4410: 4404: 4403:Who is a Jew? 4401: 4399: 4396: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4332:Chosen people 4330: 4328: 4325: 4321: 4318: 4317: 4316: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4308: 4304: 4298: 4295: 4289: 4288:Scots-Yiddish 4286: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4271: 4270: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4261:Klezmer-loshn 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4238: 4237: 4236: 4233: 4232: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4190: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4131:Judeo-Shirazi 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4108: 4107: 4106:Judeo-Persian 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4096:Judeo-Marathi 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4080: 4077: 4076: 4075: 4074:Judeo-Italian 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3974: 3971: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3941: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3929:Judeo-Amazigh 3927: 3925: 3922: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3839: 3835: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3816: 3813: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3785: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3772: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3764: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3752:Hadhrami Jews 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3739: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3717:Mountain Jews 3715: 3713: 3712:Egyptian Jews 3710: 3708: 3707:Bukharan Jews 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3689: 3688: 3685: 3681: 3678: 3677: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3645: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3632: 3629: 3628: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3600: 3597: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3584: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3537: 3536: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3524: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3506: 3503: 3502: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3495:Lists of Jews 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3363: 3358: 3356: 3351: 3349: 3344: 3343: 3340: 3334: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3300: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3281: 3279:0-8052-1051-2 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3253: 3249: 3244: 3240: 3238:1-56821-383-2 3234: 3230: 3226: 3225:Kaplan, Aryeh 3222: 3218: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3190: 3185: 3184: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3164: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3145: 3140: 3139: 3133: 3132:Fortune, Dion 3129: 3125: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3110:Chajes, J. H. 3107: 3103: 3097: 3092: 3091: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3076: 3071: 3064: 3058: 3050: 3046: 3045: 3039: 3035: 3033:0-8266-0412-9 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2982: 2978: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2944:Kaplan, Aryeh 2941: 2937: 2931: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2912: 2908: 2903: 2899: 2893: 2889: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2871:. Continuum. 2870: 2865: 2864: 2859: 2842: 2836: 2833: 2829: 2828:Miller (n.d.) 2824: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2797: 2793: 2788: 2785: 2781: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2763: 2758: 2755: 2751: 2746: 2743: 2739: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2724: 2721: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2693:Zalman (n.d.) 2688: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2652: 2649: 2644: 2638: 2634: 2633: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2613: 2611: 2607: 2604:, p. 38. 2603: 2602:Kaplan (1997) 2598: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2568: 2565:, p. 49. 2564: 2559: 2556: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2513: 2510: 2505: 2499: 2495: 2488: 2485: 2480: 2474: 2470: 2469: 2461: 2458: 2452: 2444: 2438: 2435: 2428: 2423: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2396:Yehuda Ashlag 2391: 2384: 2383: 2374: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2363: 2354: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2340: 2339: 2330: 2326: 2323: 2320: 2319: 2310: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2301: 2299: 2298:Asiyah Gashmi 2294: 2290: 2284: 2276: 2267: 2264: 2259: 2258: 2252: 2249: 2244: 2243: 2237: 2234: 2229: 2228: 2222: 2219: 2214: 2213: 2207: 2204: 2199: 2198: 2192: 2189: 2184: 2183: 2177: 2174: 2169: 2168: 2162: 2159: 2154: 2153: 2147: 2144: 2139: 2138: 2132: 2129: 2124: 2123: 2101: 2098: 2093: 2092: 2084: 2077: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2039: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 2002: 1998: 1992: 1984: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1945: 1939: 1934:- "Kindness" 1933: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1910: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1879: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1818:reisha d'ayin 1813: 1811: 1810: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1790: 1789: 1784: 1780: 1779: 1773: 1771: 1768:"scribe"; or 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1741: 1732: 1728: 1719: 1710: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1687: 1685: 1680: 1679: 1677: 1676: 1665: 1664:Primary texts 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1534: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1490: 1485: 1477: 1476: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1452:Yehuda Ashlag 1450: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1365:Baal Shem Tov 1363: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1303:Moshe Alshich 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1246:Moses de Leon 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1227: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1168: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1061: 1060: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1036: 1029: 1022: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1008: 1003: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 945: 944: 943: 938: 934: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 913: 912: 910: 903: 895: 892: 891: 889: 882: 877: 870: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 846: 842: 841: 840: 839: 834: 829: 826: 824: 823: 819: 817: 814: 812: 809: 808: 807: 806: 801: 796: 791: 790: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 663: 662:Ayin and Yesh 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 644: 638: 637: 633: 629: 628: 625: 621: 617: 613: 612: 608: 600: 598: 594: 592: 584: 582: 580: 579: 574: 570: 565: 563: 562: 557: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 485: 481: 476: 474: 470: 466: 465: 458: 456: 446: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 419: 412: 403: 398: 392: 383: 377: 326: 315: 310: 308: 303: 301: 296: 295: 293: 291: 290: 286: 283: 279: 278: 251: 248: 244: 239: 230: 227: 212: 209: 201: 190: 187: 183: 180: 176: 173: 169: 166: 162: 159: –  158: 154: 153:Find sources: 147: 143: 137: 136: 131:This article 129: 125: 120: 119: 110: 100: 96: 90: 88: 82: 73: 72: 67: 65: 58: 57: 52: 51: 46: 41: 32: 31: 26: 22: 21:Final Fantasy 4997: 4990: 4976: 4899: 4892: 4880: 4863: 4846: 4680:perspectives 4514:Samaritanism 4475:Neo-Hasidism 4455:Conservative 4390: 4369:Names of God 4278: 4259: 4069:Judaeo-Greek 4064:Judeo-Gascon 4003:Lishán Didán 3998:Lishana Deni 3966:Judeo-Yemeni 3934:Judeo-Arabic 3808:Meshuchrarim 3727:Persian Jews 3660:Kurdish Jews 3638:Kaifeng Jews 3587:Beta Abraham 3550:Galitzianers 3505:Antisemitism 3480:Israeli Jews 3465:Assimilation 3288: 3272:. Schocken. 3269: 3247: 3228: 3206: 3182: 3158: 3137: 3113: 3089: 3048: 3042: 3023: 3001: 2989: 2966: 2947: 2925: 2916:965-7146-119 2906: 2887: 2868: 2847:. Retrieved 2835: 2823: 2811: 2799: 2787: 2775: 2768: 2757: 2745: 2733: 2715: 2687: 2675: 2663: 2651: 2631: 2624: 2619:, p. 9. 2597: 2558: 2548: 2544: 2543: 2525: 2512: 2493: 2487: 2467: 2460: 2437: 2408:Major Arcana 2392: 2388: 2380: 2368: 2360: 2348: 2336: 2324: 2316: 2304: 2297: 2292: 2288: 2286: 2250:-Foundation 2116:Outer Keter: 2109:Inner Keter: 2060: 2053: 2044: 2041: 2005: 1994: 1975: 1974:- "Kingdom" 1971: 1963: 1957: 1954:- "Victory" 1951: 1943: 1937: 1931: 1929: 1923: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1902: 1894: 1888: 1873: 1861:metaphorical 1857: 1845: 1841: 1826: 1821: 1817: 1814: 1807: 1793: 1786: 1776: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1726: 1717: 1715: 1533:on the Bible 1426:Ben Ish Chai 1395:Nathan Adler 1019:Mysticism in 985: / 940:Early modern 880: 869:on the Bible 843: 820: 682:Tree of Life 666: 595: 588: 576: 566: 559: 477: 462: 459: 454: 447: 442: 438: 416: 400:, plural of 324: 323: 287: 242: 222: 204: 195: 185: 178: 171: 164: 152: 140:Please help 135:verification 132: 104: 87:lead section 85: 61: 54: 48: 47:Please help 44: 20: 4922:Catholicism 4504:Hellenistic 4342:Eschatology 4280:Lachoudisch 4205:Lotegorisch 4183:Lachoudisch 4173:Koiné Greek 4086:Judeo-Latin 4023:Palestinian 3917:Palestinian 3766:Mustaʿravim 3692:Afghan Jews 3680:Berber Jews 3604:Bene Israel 3592:Falash Mura 3582:Beta Israel 3500:Persecution 3442:Middle Ages 2860:Works cited 2283:Four Worlds 2160:-Knowledge 2025:proof texts 1911:- "Wisdom" 1804:Isaac Luria 1731:Koinē Greek 1318:Chaim Vital 1313:Isaac Luria 1293:Joseph Karo 1070:Torah study 1046:James Lees' 881:Renaissance 782:Panentheism 672:Four Worlds 601:Ten sefirot 441:, singular 435:Four Worlds 402:Koinē Greek 5022:Categories 4917:Anabaptism 4859:Jew (word) 4726:Leadership 4539:Literature 4524:Secularism 4470:Humanistic 4337:Conversion 4307:Philosophy 4148:Judeo-Urdu 3912:Babylonian 3757:Saada Jews 3742:Adeni Jews 3535:Ashkenazim 3490:Samaritans 3457:Population 3412:Israelites 2990:Chabad.org 2849:2020-12-07 2424:References 2265:-Kingship 1946:- "Glory" 1897:- "Crown" 1880:Category: 1796:Cordoveran 1746:triliteral 1539:Oral Torah 1385:Vilna Gaon 1231:Nahmanides 1150:Asceticism 1095:Meditation 987:philosophy 907:Mystics of 418:emanations 168:newspapers 50:improve it 5048:Mysticism 4979:indicate 4927:Mormonism 4912:Christian 4792:Symbolism 4780:Synagogue 4760:Mythology 4721:Education 4692:Astronomy 4675:Astrology 4492:relations 4297:Zarphatic 4245:Galitzish 4047:Yeshivish 3924:Catalanic 3887:Samaritan 3862:Ashkenazi 3843:Diasporic 3838:Languages 3783:Sephardim 3778:Romaniote 3665:Krymchaks 3599:Desi Jews 3475:Buddhists 3229:The Bahir 3057:cite book 2969:. Wiley. 2695:, ch. 35. 2520:(2004) . 2453:Citations 2377:עֲשִׂיָּה 2333:בְּרִיאָה 2313:אֲצִילוּת 2016:Midrashic 1883:Sefirah: 1809:partzufim 1635:Free will 1457:Baba Sali 1064:Practices 816:Heichalot 747:Notarikon 707:Partzufim 702:Shekhinah 561:partzufim 491:intellect 391:romanized 386:סְפִירוֹת 198:July 2022 157:"Sefirot" 107:June 2024 97:and help 56:talk page 4992:Category 4962:Hinduism 4952:Buddhism 4854:Genetics 4770:Politics 4743:Marriage 4702:Holidays 4697:Calendar 4578:Rabbinic 4554:/Hebrew 4499:Haymanot 4426:Orthodox 4413:Branches 4386:Kabbalah 4381:Haskalah 4359:Holiness 4235:dialects 4215:Shassagh 4178:Krymchak 4158:Kayliñña 4052:Yinglish 4028:Galilean 4018:Talmudic 4013:Biblical 3988:Betanure 3907:Biblical 3902:Mishnaic 3897:Medieval 3882:Tiberian 3877:Yemenite 3867:Sephardi 3803:Paradesi 3747:Ḥabbanim 3737:Teimanim 3702:Baghdadi 3675:Maghrebi 3643:Karaites 3621:Gruzínim 3609:Kochinim 3527:Diaspora 3485:Karaites 3470:Atheists 3407:Timeline 3329:Kabbalah 3268:(1996). 3205:(2016). 3179:(1997). 3134:(1957). 3112:(2022). 3082:(1977). 3022:(1998). 3000:(1986). 2946:(1997). 2765:Berachot 2723:Berachot 2549:Kabbalah 2413:Qliphoth 2402:See also 2362:Yetzirah 2357:יְצִירָה 2128:Chochmah 2078:Sefirah: 2020:Talmudic 2012:Biblical 1976:Kingship 1869:gematria 1752:"text," 1505:Prophecy 1110:Deveikut 1105:Teshuvah 836:Medieval 742:Gematria 712:Qlippoth 692:Merkavah 652:Tzimtzum 641:Concepts 624:Kabbalah 616:a series 614:Part of 423:Kabbalah 247:Kabbalah 5028:Sefirot 4977:Italics 4802:Studies 4748:Divorce 4714:Kashrut 4709:Cuisine 4667:Culture 4598:Midrash 4593:Tosefta 4583:Mishnah 4571:Ketuvim 4566:Nevi'im 4529:Schisms 4519:Science 4509:Karaite 4480:Renewal 4441:Litvaks 4436:Hasidic 4391:Sefirot 4376:Halakha 4347:Messiah 4320:Mitzvah 4315:Beliefs 4269:Western 4255:Poylish 4250:Litvish 4240:Eastern 4230:Yiddish 4225:Shuadit 4210:Qwareña 4198:Tetuani 4193:Haketia 4168:Knaanic 4163:Kivruli 4111:Bukhori 4057:Heblish 3993:Hulaulá 3983:Barzani 3939:Yahudic 3872:Mizrahi 3732:Urfalim 3687:Mizrahi 3631:Neofiti 3626:Italkim 3555:Lita'im 3447:Zionism 3399:History 3373:Judaism 3086:(ed.). 2545:Sefirot 2338:Beri'ah 2318:Atzilut 2293:Ein Sof 2263:Malchut 2218:Netzach 2203:Tiferet 2188:Gevurah 2099:-Crown 2065:dveikus 2049:vessels 1972:Malkuth 1952:Netzach 1944:Tiferet 1938:Gevurah 1909:Chokmah 1783:Abraham 1742:  1574:Aggadah 1569:Halakha 1525:Midrash 1487:History 1100:Kavanot 1080:Mitzvot 1041:English 811:Tannaim 795:History 752:Temurah 667:Sefirot 647:Ein Sof 591:Ein Sof 585:Ein Sof 578:devekut 551:Genesis 539:Malkuth 535:Malkuth 523:Netzach 519:Tiferet 515:Gevurah 495:Chokmah 427:Ein Sof 413:  397:səfiroṯ 393::  325:Sefirot 243:Sefirot 182:scholar 4785:Hazzan 4775:Prayer 4652:Siddur 4588:Talmud 4552:Tanakh 4487:Neolog 4460:Reform 4448:Modern 4431:Haredi 4354:Ethics 4220:Shassi 4188:Ladino 4153:Karaim 4136:Juhuri 3978:Targum 3892:Signed 3857:Modern 3852:Hebrew 3820:Xuetes 3616:Dönmeh 3575:Yekkes 3333:Curlie 3295:  3276:  3254:  3235:  3213:  3191:  3165:  3146:  3120:  3098:  3030:  3008:  2973:  2954:  2932:  2913:  2894:  2875:  2762:Talmud 2727:Chazal 2720:Talmud 2639:  2536:  2500:  2475:  2382:Assiah 2373:Hebrew 2353:Hebrew 2329:Hebrew 2309:Hebrew 2173:Chesed 1932:Chesed 1770:sappir 1754:sippur 1748:root: 1735:σφαῖρα 1727:səpirā 1718:sefira 1612:Topics 1579:Hakira 1500:Tanakh 1215:Azriel 1173:People 1120:Nusach 1115:Prayer 1085:Minhag 1005:Modern 933:Mussar 767:Tzadik 732:Gilgul 543:vessel 511:Chesed 406:σφαῖρα 382:Hebrew 184:  177:  170:  163:  155:  4957:Islam 4765:Names 4755:Music 4736:Rebbe 4731:Rabbi 4685:Monen 4640:Zohar 4561:Torah 4556:Bible 3670:Lemba 3545:Chuts 3047:[ 2844:(PDF) 2752:19:26 2691:E.g. 2429:Notes 2248:Yesod 2143:Binah 2097:Keter 1964:Yesod 1915:Binah 1895:Keter 1842:Ma'or 1788:Zohar 1766:safra 1764:, or 1762:sofer 1750:sefer 1723:ספירה 1495:Torah 1439:1900s 1413:1800s 1352:1700s 1331:1600s 1280:1500s 1275:1400s 1259:1300s 1223:1200s 1202:1100s 861:Zohar 845:Bahir 547:light 531:Yesod 507:Da'at 503:Da'at 499:Binah 480:Keter 473:Da'at 469:Keter 455:rāṣon 189:JSTOR 175:books 3371:and 3369:Jews 3293:ISBN 3274:ISBN 3252:ISBN 3233:ISBN 3211:ISBN 3189:ISBN 3163:ISBN 3144:ISBN 3118:ISBN 3096:ISBN 3063:link 3028:ISBN 3006:ISBN 2971:ISBN 2952:ISBN 2930:ISBN 2911:ISBN 2892:ISBN 2873:ISBN 2637:ISBN 2534:ISBN 2498:ISBN 2473:ISBN 2158:Daat 1758:sfar 1740:lit. 1480:Role 1181:100s 589:The 533:and 501:and 487:Will 471:and 451:רצון 411:lit. 241:The 161:news 4364:God 3331:at 2750:Job 2445:." 2398:). 2233:Hod 2045:Ohr 1970:10 1958:Hod 1847:ohr 1794:In 657:Ohr 567:In 556:Ohr 527:Hod 245:in 144:by 5024:: 3059:}} 3055:{{ 2988:. 2700:^ 2609:^ 2570:^ 2524:. 2379:, 2375:: 2359:, 2355:: 2335:, 2331:: 2315:, 2311:: 2018:, 2014:, 1962:9 1956:8 1950:7 1942:6 1936:5 1930:4 1913:3 1907:2 1893:1 1737:, 1733:: 618:on 529:, 525:, 521:, 517:, 513:, 497:, 445:. 408:, 404:: 388:, 384:: 380:; 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Index

Sephiroth (Final Fantasy)
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Sefirot
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The Tree of Life
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